Name: ________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Grade & Sec: ___________________________________ Score: _____________________

Remedial Activity
Science 7

Motion is the change in position for a particular time interval. If a body has changed
its position, we can say that it has moved with respect to its original position. Thus, the
original position serves as the reference point.

An object may be moving with respect to another reference. For example, when you
are inside a bus, you are not moving with respect to the other passengers, but you are
moving with respect to the ground.
Motion can be described by measuring the total length of the path travelled by the
object, and by measuring the distance between the initial position and final position of the
object.

Example:
A car ran 100 meters from point
A to point B, then 50 meters from point
B to point C, and
another 100 meters from point C to
Figure 3: Distance travelled
point D. See Figure 3 and 4.
To solve the total length of path
travelled you can simply add the length of path from point A to B, B to C and C to D.
Total length of path = length A to B + length B to C + length C to D.
= 100 meters + 50 meters + 100 meters Total
length of path = 250 meters

The length of the entire path that the object travelled is referred to as distance.
Based on the example above, the total length of path is equal to 250 meters. This means that
the distance travelled by the car is equal to 250 meters.
Displacement is the shortest
distance between the object’s initial and
final positions as shown in Figure 4.
To solve the displacement of the
car, simply subtract the final position by
the initial position.

Displacement = Final position – Initial position

= 50 meters – 0
Figure 4. Displacement
Displacement = 50 meters

Distance is a scalar quantity, it has magnitude but no direction while displacement is

a vector quantity that has both magnitude and direction.
Activity 1: My Travel
Directions: Trace the distance and displacement using the figure below.
Answer the following questions.
Situation:
You are told to buy some foods in the market. You walked 12 m East from home,
12 m North, 6 m West, 6 m South, 6 m West, and finally, 8 m North to reach the market.
Figure 5. Road Map

1. What is your total distance travelled? ___________________________________

2. Do you have a displacement? ________________________________________
3. What is your displacement? __________________________________________
4. How did you determine the distance and displacement?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: True or False

Directions: In your Science activity notebook, write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the
statement is FALSE.
1. Kilogram is a unit for distance.
2. The quantity 2 meters is a distance.
3. The quantity 2 kilometers is a displacement.
4. The quantity 2 meters to the left is a distance.
5. The quantity 2 meters to the left is a displacement.
6. Distance is the length of the entire path travelled by an object.
7. Displacement includes both distance and direction of the object’s position.
8. The displacement is equal to zero when an object’s initial and final position is the
same.
9. The shortest distance between the initial and final position of the object is called
displacement.
10. The total distance travelled of an object from its initial position to a certain position
and back to its initial position is zero.
Speed and Velocity
Speed is the rate of distance covered at a given time.

Speed = distance in symbol, v = d

time t
We can express speed in terms of miles per hour (mi/h), kilometers per hour (km/h), or
meters per second (m/s).

Therefore, John is as fast as Mary. Both have the same speed of 1 meter per
second (1 m/s).
When a direction is associated with speed, it refers to the quantity known as velocity.
Thus, velocity is a speed in a given direction.

Since velocity has direction it uses displacement instead of distance.

Figure 7a. Distance Figure 7b. Displacement

𝑑⃑
velocity = displacement in symbols, 𝑣⃑ =
time t

As shown in Figure 7a, the total distance from home to school is 3.0 km while the
displacement is 2.0 km, East as shown in Figure 7b.
Suppose you take 0.5 hour to travel from home to school, use the information in Figure 7a
and 7b to solve for your average speed and velocity.
Activity 3: Speed or Velocity
Directions: Determine the following quantities whether it is speed or velocity.

Table 1. Speed or Velocity

Acceleration
The changing motion of an object is called acceleration. Acceleration is defined as
the rate of change in velocity. The formula is,
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
∆𝑣⃑
𝑣⃑𝑓 − 𝑣⃑𝑖
𝑎⃑ = = 𝑡𝑓 − 𝑡𝑖
∆𝑡

⃑𝒗⃑𝒇 − ⃑𝒗⃑𝒊
⃑𝒂⃑ =
𝒕𝒇 − 𝒕𝒊

Change in velocity is the difference between the final velocity (v f) and the initial
velocity (vi). Change in time is the difference between the final time (tf) and the initial time (ti).
Average acceleration refers to the total change in velocity divided by the total time
taken for the change. Since the unit of velocity is meter per second (m/s), acceleration is
expressed in meter per second per second (m/s/s). Oftentimes, the unit of acceleration is

written as m/s2.
When a moving body decreases its velocity, it is said to decelerate. This negative
acceleration is called deceleration. Deceleration is the opposite of acceleration where the
velocity of an object decreases.

Example:
A passenger vehicle with a speed of 20 m/s slowed down to 10 m/s in 10 seconds.
What is its acceleration?
Given: vi = 20 m/s vf = 10 m/s ∆t = 10 s
Solutions:

𝑎⃑= ∆𝑣⃑ 𝑣⃑𝑓 − 𝑣⃑𝑖

=
∆𝑡 𝑡𝑓 − 𝑡𝑖
𝑚 𝑚
𝑎⃑ = 10 ⁄𝑠 − 20 ⁄𝑠
10 𝑠
𝑚
𝑎⃑ = −10 ⁄𝑠
10 𝑠
⃑𝒂⃑ = −𝟏 𝒎/𝒔𝟐

Activity 4: Solve Me!

Directions: Analyze and solve the problem below. Show your solution at the back of this
paper.

Problem: A racehorse coming out from the gate accelerates from rest to a velocity of
15 m/s West in 3 seconds. What is its acceleration