Cohen, R. (2004).

The effects of cooperative learning on junior high school students during

small group learning. Learning and Instruction, 14, 197-213.   retrieved from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4752(03)00068-9

Collision, G., Elbaum, B., Havind, S., & Tinker, R. (2000).

Benefits and Challenges of Online Instruction

https://www.mghihp.edu/faculty-staff-faculty-compass-teaching/benefits-and-challenges-online-
instruction

Croxton, 2014; Richardson et al.,( 2017).

Exclusively Synchronous Online (VIRI) Learning: The Impact on Student Performance and
Engagement Outcomes

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0273475318818864

Dick et al, 2014; Lee, 2003; Fine, Jaeger, Farmer & Qian, 2013). Optimizing classroom

instruction through self-paced learning prototype

http://www.jotse.org/index.php/jotse/article/view/162

Dillenbourg, P. (2009). What do you mean by 'collaborative learning'? In P. Dillenbourg

(Ed.), Collaborative-learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches (pp. 1-
19). Elsevier: Oxford.

Donoghue,O. (2000), Challenges Facing Education Retrieved from Retrieved from:

https://thejournal.com/articles/2013/06/04/6-technology-challenges-facing-education.aspx

Duncan, Kenworthy, and McNamara (2012) The Effect of Synchronous and Asynchronous
Participation on Students' Performance in Online Accounting Courses
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09639284.2012.673387
Dulock P. (2012) Comparing and Contrasting Descriptive Designs: Observational Studies,

Correlational Research Developmental Design and Survey Research

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333981908_Comparing_and_Contrasting_Descriptive_

Designs_Observational_Studies_Correlational_Research_Developmental_Design_and_Survey_

Research

Garrison, D. R., & Vaughan, N. D. (2007)

Blended Learning in Higher Education: Framework, Principles, and Guidelines

https://books.google.com.ph/books?

hl=en&lr=&id=2iaR5FOsoMcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR10&dq=Garrison,+D.+R.,+%26+Vaughan,+N.

+D.+(2007)&ots=4Egco-MIkH&sig=-

U5KcvzM7TqZV8RvlUfeLIsGzXI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Garrison%2C%20D.%20R.

%2C%20%26%20Vaughan%2C%20N.%20D.%20(2007)&f=false

Gibbons, M. (2002). Self-directed learning handbook. San Francisco: John Wiley &
Sons, Inc.

Harold 2015 Online Classroom Setup

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131519301113

Heywood, J. (2006). A dialogue conteinyng the nomber in effect of all the prouerbes in
the englishe tongue: compacte in a matter concernyng two maner of mariages.
London: Londini.
(Institute for Higher Learning Policy, 2000) Focus on Learning

https://valenciacollege.edu/faculty/development/courses-
resources/documents/focusonlearningobanion.pdf

Lou, Bernard, and Abrami (2006) Collaborative learning

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225564014_Media_and_Pedagogy_in_Undergraduate_

Distance_Education_A_Theory-Based_Meta-Analysis_of_Empirical_Literature

Meyer and Paewai ; Houlden and Veletsianos . (2020), Retrieved from:

Online University Teaching During and After the Covid-19 Crisis: Refocusing Teacher Presence

and Learning Activity https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y

Mishra & Koehler (2006)

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge

Retrieved from: http://one2oneheights.pbworks.com/f/MISHRA_PUNYA.pdf

(Mji &Makgato, 2006) Collaborative Learning Effectiveness

https://educationconference.co/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/12.-Sakyiwaa-Danso.pdf

M. F. Williams, III, (2003) Self-Directed Learning in Problem-Based Learning Versus

Traditional Lecture-Based Learning: A Meta-Analysis

https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2177&context=etd
National Ethical Guidelines for Health-Related Research,(2017) PHREB launches 2017 National

Ethical Guidelines for Health and Health-Related Research. Retrieved from:

https://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/index.php/events/6293-phreb-launches-2017-national-ethical-

guidelines-for-health-and-health-related-research

O'Donnell, A. (2006). Introduction: Learning with Technology. In A. O'Donnell, C.

Hmelo-Silver, & G. Erkens (Eds.), Collaborative Learning, Reasoning, and
Technology (pp. 1-13). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

Oladoke C, (2006) Exploring the interaction between learners and tools in e-learning

environments https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED564231.pdf

Parr R. (2007) Collaborative learning: Theoretical foundations and applicable strategies

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1126307.pdf

Puentadura, R. (2010). SAMR and TPCK: Intro to advanced practice. From

http://www.hippasus.com/rrpweblog/archives/2012/08/23/SAMR_Backgr
oundE xemplars.pdf

Robertson, J. (2011). The educational affordances of blogs for self-directed learning.

Computers & Education, 57, 1628-1644. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.03.003.

Shachar, S. (2004). Talking, relating, and achieving: Effects of cooperative learning and whole-
class instruction. Cognition and Instruction, 12, 313-353. Retrieved from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci1204_2
Shimazoe and Aldrich (2010).

Understanding & Overcoming Resistance to Cooperative Learning

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228432321_Group_Work_Can_Be_Gratifying_Unders

tanding_Overcoming_Resistance_to_Cooperative_Learning

Stephen R. (2010),Cooperative Learning: Re e Learning: Review of Resear view of Research

and Practice retrieved from:https://ro.ecu.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=ajte

(Teng, Chen, Kinshuk & Leo, 2012; Asoodar, Atai, Vaezi & Marandi, 2014).

Synchronous and Asynchronous E-Language Learning: A Case Study of Virtual University of

Pakistan https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1093436.pdf

Vygotsky, L. (1978). Interaction between learning and development. In Gauvain, & Cole
(Eds.), Readings on the Development of Children (pp. 34-40). New York:
Scientific American Books.
ak

Yang, Y. (2011). Engaging students in an online situated language learning environment.

Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(2), 181–198. Retrieved from:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2010.538700