Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021

SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

I. Introduction
This Module is we are going to study and apply the different applications of complex numbers in real life
situations.

I. Subject Matter
Complex Numbers: Application of Complex numbers
II. Learning objectives
• Students be able to learn and appreciate the uses of complex numbers in real-life situations
(Knowledge)
• Students be able to solve problems involving complex numbers (skill)
III. Examples and Discussions

Topic4: Applications of Complex Numbers

• AC Circuits.
Impedance is the total effective resistance to the flow of current by a combination of the elements of
the circuit namely the resistor, capacitor & Inductor.

𝑋𝐿

|𝑍|
𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶
𝜃
𝑅
𝑅

Where 𝜔 is the angular velocity of the

current.
𝑋𝐶
(𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 ; 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦)

𝒁 = 𝑹 + (𝑿𝑳 − 𝑿𝑪 )𝒊
we can consider the resistance in the resistor as the real part, and the reactance on the
capacitor and inductor as the imaginary part. Hence the magnitude of the total impedance is given by:

|𝒁| = √𝑹𝟐 + (𝑿𝑳 − 𝑿𝑪 )𝟐

𝑿𝑳 − 𝑿𝑪
𝜽 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏
𝑹

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Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Voltage & Currents are sinusoids thus alternating currents, and we can consider the
Amplitude as the absolute value and the phase angle as the argument on a complex number.

For solving for the magnitude of the voltage on an AC circuit, we can use:

|𝑽| = |𝑰| × |𝒁|

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 Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Example 4

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Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Quick test: do Exercise 1 & 2 on the exercises content on a ½ crosswise sheet of paper.

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 Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Quick test: do Exercise 1 & 2 on the exercises content on a ½ crosswise sheet of paper.

IV. Exercises
Exercise 1:

Exercise 2:

Exercise 3:

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 Module 4: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 4: February 22 – 26, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

V. Assessment/Evaluation
Write your answer on a 1 whole sheet of paper, and follow the format.

Name: __________________ Date passed: ___________

Course & yr. level: _______________ Score: ____________

Directions: Read the instructions carefully before answering.

1. In an AC circuit the resistance is 12Ω, and a reactance across the capacitor of 5Ω. What is the total
Impedance of the circuit in Polar form?
2. A particular ac circuit has a resistor of 7Ω, a reactance across an inductor of 2Ω and a reactance across
a capacitor of 6Ω. Express the impedance of the circuit as a complex number in polar form.
3. If R=8 Ω, L=2 H, C=350 μF and ω=60 rad/s, find the magnitude of the impedance and the phase
difference between the current and the voltage.
4. A resistor, an inductor and a capacitor are connected in series across an ac voltage source. A voltmeter
measures 16V, 8.6 V and 20 V respectively, when placed across each element separately. What is the
magnitude of the voltage of the source?
5. Given that Z1= 25-10i Ω, Z2= 86i Ω and Z3= 100 Ω

𝒁𝟑

𝟐𝟐𝟎V

VI. Learning Resources/References

• Khan Academy website and youtube
• Math-Only-Math.com
• Higher Engineering Mathematics 8th edition by John Bird
• Precaculus: Mathematics for Calculus 7th edition by James Stewart
• Brilliant.org

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