COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
(M.Sc. in power engineering)
Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems assignment-I
BY:
TEBEJE TESFAW ID No GSR 245/12

Submitted to Dr. Kemal E.

Submission date: 21/08/2012 E.C

 Assignment
1. The 𝜆 − 𝑖 relationship for an electromagnetic system is given by
1.2𝑖 1/2
𝜆(𝑥, 𝑖) =
𝑥
Where, 𝑥 is the air gap length. For current 𝑖 = 2𝐴 A and 𝑥 = 10𝑐𝑚, determine the mechanical
force 𝑓𝑒 on the moving part
a) Using the energy of the system (𝑊𝑓 ).
b) Using the co-energy of the system (𝑊𝑐 ).
c) Compare the results obtains under a) and b)

Solution:
Given: the input current i=2A
The air gap length x=10cm
Lambda with the function of input current air gap length
Required:
The electromechanical force fe on the moving part
a. Using the energy of the system (𝑊𝑓 ):
𝜕𝜆(𝑥,𝑖) 𝜕
From the electromechanical force fe equation fe (i, x) = i − 𝑊𝑓 (𝑖, 𝑥)
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝜆(𝑖,𝑥 )
where: 𝑊𝑓 (𝑖, 𝑥 )=∫ 𝑖 𝑑𝑖
𝜕𝑖
𝜕 1.2𝑖1/2 1.2𝑖1/2 1.2𝑖3/2
: 𝑊𝑓 (𝑖, 𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑖 ( ) 𝑑𝑖= ∫ 𝑑𝑖 =
𝜕𝑖 𝑥 2𝑥 3𝑥
𝜕 −1.2𝑖 3/2
Now: 𝑊𝑓 (𝑖, 𝑥 ) = ………………………………………...1
𝜕𝑥 3𝑥2
𝜕𝜆(𝑥,𝑖) 𝜕 1.2𝑖1/2 −1.2𝑖 3/2
Secondly, = i =𝑖 ( )= ……………………………2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝑥 𝑥2
Therefore, from equa (1) and (2)
−1.2𝑖 3/2 1.2𝑖 3/2 −0.8𝑖 3/2
fe (2,0.1) = + = = -226.274 N
𝑥2 3𝑥2 𝑥2

The electromechanical force fe is negative; it pulls the moving member to the

stationary member. Therefore, the electromechanical force is 226.274N.
b. Using co-energy system
The electromechanical force is given as:
 𝜕
fe (i, x) = 𝑊𝐶 (𝑖, 𝑥) ……where 𝑊𝐶 (𝑖, 𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝜆(𝑖, 𝑥) 𝑑𝑖
𝜕𝑥
3
1.2𝑖1/2 2×1.2𝑖2
𝑊𝐶 (𝑖, 𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑑𝑖 =
𝑥 3𝑥
𝜕
Therefore: fe(𝑖, 𝑥) = 𝑊𝐶 (𝑖, 𝑥)
𝜕𝑥
3
𝜕 2×1.2𝑖 2 −0.8𝑖 3/2
fe (i, x) = ( )= fe (2, 0.1) = = -226.274N
𝜕𝑥 3𝑥 𝑥2

The electromechanical force fe is negative; it pulls the moving member to the stationary
member. Therefore, the electromechanical force is 226.274N.
c. Therefore, the electromechanical force obtained from both energy system and co-energy
system are the same.
From this question I have understood that the independent variables are input current and air
gap length, the given variable flux leakage is defined in terms of input current and air gap
length. and solve the field energy before evaluating electromechanical force.