LIGHTNING ARRESTERS

AND
INSULATION
COORDINATION

BY
S.RAGHAVENDRA
&
T.REVANTH KUMAR
 CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 LIGHTNING ARRESTER
 LIGHTNING ROD
 BASIC INSULATION LEVELS (BIL)
 TYPES OF L.A.
INTRODUCTION
 Veltoor 400kv substation is a secondary
transmission interconnecting type of substation.
 Incoming to the substation consists of two 400kv
lines and outing consists of a 220kv and a 33kv
lines.
 For incoming the conductors used are Twin Moose
conductors.
 The conductor used for outgoing is a 1 Moose
conductor.
 In 400kv we use a tie breaking system.
 Here four conductors are used for bus-bars.
 With the help of tie breaking system the equipment
on both sides of the breaker are protected.
 In every line the starting equipment is a lightning
arrester.
LIGHTNING ARRESTER
 A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical
power systems to protect the insulation on the system
from the damaging effect of lightning.
 Metal oxide varistors (MOVs) have been used for power
system protection since the mid 1970s.
 The typical lightning arrester also known as surge
arrester has a high voltage terminal and a ground
terminal.
 When a lightning surge or switching surge travels down
the power system to the arrester, the current from the
surge is diverted around the protected insulation in most
cases to earth.
LIGHTNING ROD
 A lightning rod or lightning conductor is a
metal rod or conductor mounted on top of a building
or tower and electrically connected to the ground
through a wire, to protect the building or equipment
in the event of lightning.
 The above picture shows the lightning tower used to
hold the rod in a 400kv station.
 In VELTOOR 400kv station, the 360 degrees
protection is done by lightning towers to ensure that
it grounds the lightning strokes anywhere in and
near to the station zone.
 BASIC INSULATION LEVELS (BIL)

 Having decided the voltage that are required to be created at

any substation it is necessary to establish a common
insulation level for all items of equipment of each system
voltage.
 It is to be ensured that the breakdown or flashover strength of
all insulation (particular voltage) in the station will exceed the
selected level.
 After the development of station type lightning arresters the
B.I.L’S have been determined on the basis of the protective
characteristics of the lighting arresters.
 These levels help us in the selection of proper equipment.
 The protective devices are then so selected that their flashover
values are considerably lower than the B.I.L of the apparatus,
thereby leaving sufficient margin of protection.
BASIC INSULATION LEVELS (BIL)
 TYPES OF L.A.

 Rod Gap Type

 Expulsion type Lightning Arrester
 Valve Type Lightning Arrester
 Rod Gap Type

 This type of protective device is very simple and

robust.
 It is, however, rarely used on circuits of some
significance because it does not fulfill the basic
requirements of a true protective device.
 It does not cut off power voltage after it has been
flashed over by a surge.
 This would mean a short circuit on the system every
time a surge causes a flashover across the rod gap.
Expulsion type Lightning Arrester
Valve Type Lightning Arrester
Valve Type Lightning Arrester
Rated Voltage
Development of lightning Arrester
 Tests

 In IS: 3070-1965, the tests are classified as

 Type tests,
 Acceptance test, and
 Routine tests.
The time required for the currents to
reach their crest values
Co ordination of Insulation in Stations of
A.G.E. System
Standard Insulation Levels as per Practice
of M.S.E.B.