Computer Networks Lab

Lab No. 1

INTRODUCTION TO PACKET TRACER

Mannahel Iftikhar (170860)

BACHELOR OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

(Spring 2021)

Submitted To:
Engr. Sharoze Sohail
Lab Engineer

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
AIR UNIVERSITY,ISLAMABAD
 Lab#01
INTRODUCTION TO PACKET TRACER
OBJECTIVE:
This lab has the following objectives:

1. Familiarization with the software.

2. Making a simple network with two and three computers.

DISCUSSION:
Following are the resources required for this experiment

1. Computer
2. Packet Tracer

Introduction:

Packet Tracer 5.0

1. Packet Tracer 5 which is a network simulator.
2. Packet Tracer 5.0 is a standalone, medium-fidelity,
simulation-based learning environment for networking
novices to design, configure, and troubleshoot computer
networks at a CCNA-level of complexity.
3. Packet Tracer supports student and instructor creation
of simulations, visualizations, and animations of
networking phenomena.

Procedure For Simulations Of Lab Tasks

1. Go to bottom left corner of the screen there is an icon named end devices, click on that.
2. Numerous devices will appear and select PC from the devices and place it on the screen.
3. Again select another PC and place it on the screen.
4. Now to make a connection we need wire so go to bottom left and there is a icon named
connection type, click on that and select automatic.
5. Now using the automatic wire connect those PCs and click on the PC to enter IP address.
6. Enter 192.168.10.1 for PC1 and vice versa.
7. Send a message from one PC to another to see if the network that we established was
successful or not.
8. As we have three PCs we can not connect them directly we need a hub or a switch for
that.
9. So, to place hub go to bottom left and select hub and place it on the screen.
10. Now to make a connection we need wire so go to bottom left and there is a icon named
connection type, click on that and select automatic.
11. Now using the automatic wire connect those PCs to hub and click on the PC to enter IP
address.
12. Enter 192.168.10.1 for PC1 and vice versa.
13. Send a message from one PC to another to see if the network that we established was
successful or not.
 LAB TASKS
Task#01 Send a message from one PC to another to see if the network
established was successful or not.

Simulation of the connection

Screenshot of the connection is shown in the picture below.

1. Connection to PC1 to PC2 through a cable

2. Assigned IP addresses of the two PC’s

3. Sucessful transmission and recption of message

Task#02 Send a message from one PC to another using Hub to see if the
network that we established was successful or not.
1. Connection to PC5 to PC7 through a Hub

2. Assigned IP addresses of the three PC’s

3. Sucessful transmission and recption of message.

Task#03 A brief note on OSI model
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model describes seven layers that computer systems use to
communicate over a network.

The OSI 7-layer model is widely used, as it helps visualize and communicate how networks operate, and
helps isolate and troubleshoot networking problems.

• Application Layer: The application layer is used by end-user software such as web browsers and
email clients. It provides protocols that allow software to send and receive information and present
meaningful data to users

• Presentation Layer: The presentation layer prepares

data for the application layer. It defines how two devices
should encode, encrypt, and compress data so it is
received correctly on the other end.

• Session Layer: The session layer creates

communication channels, called sessions, between
devices. It is responsible for opening sessions, ensuring
they remain open and functional while data is being
transferred, and closing them when communication
ends.

• Transport Layer:The transport layer takes data

transferred in the session layer and breaks it into
“segments” on the transmitting end.

• Network Layer :The network layer has two main

functions. One is breaking up segments into network
packets, and reassembling the packets on the receiving
end. The other is routing packets by discovering the best
path across a physical network.

• Data Link Layer:The data link layer establishes and

terminates a connection between two physically connected nodes on a network.

• Physical Layer The physical layer is responsible for the physical cable or wireless connection
between network nodes.