CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik

cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik
Mf!:l; 2010 kyh] 2 ,jH; 2

tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;ff btspaPL
Mz;L re;jh +. 75/- Ma[s; re;jh +. 750/-(15 Mz;L kl;Lk;) jdp ,jH; +. 10/-
jkpH;ehL ntshz:ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfk;

nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
"tapw;Wf;Fr; nrhwpl ntz:Lk; - ,';F
thGk; kdpjUf;bfy;yhk;
gapw;wpg; gyfy;tp je;J - ,e;jg;
ghiu cah]j;jpl ntz: Lk;" - ghujp
ØÃVòá¦ÂïD
kyh] 2 Mf!;l; 2010 (Mo - Mtzp ) ,jH; 2
1. jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf bjhiyJ}uf;fy;tp

,af;ffk; mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; g[jpa ,sepiyg] gl;lg]gog]g[ -
gz;izj; bjhHpy;El;gk; 1
2. khdhthhp rhFgof;nfw;w g[jpa bey; ,ufk; - “mz;zh 4” 3
3. gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[k; gl;L cw;gj;jpa[k; 7
4. jukhd gl;Lf;TL cw;gj;jpapy; caph] cu';fspd; g';F 11
5. tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk; - cHth]fspd; tpobts;sp 15
6. gUj;jpapy; Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj;jpl;l
bjhHpy;El;g';fs; 17
7. cHth; FGf;fSk; thlif Kiw gz;izf;fUtpfSk; 22
8. kh kuj;jpy; fpisg; glh;t[ nkyhz;ik
(Canopy Management) 25
9. ku thridg] gaph]fspy; g{r]rp nkyhz;ik 29
10. jhtu E}w;g[Gf;fspd] xU';fpize;j nkyhz;ik Kiwfs; 35
11. gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g;igg] ghjpf;Fk; Crp < nkyhz;ik Kiwfs] 40
12. gUj;jpapy; Cl;lr;rj;J FiwghLfSk;
eptph]j;jp bra;a[k; KiwfSk; 44
13. gyh : rpy ,dpg;ghd jfty;fs; 46
14. fUk;g[r; rhFgoapy; CLgapuhf cSe;J - btw;wpf;fij 48
15. nfh.Mh.] vr] -3 tPhpa xlL
; uf tpij bey; cwg;jj
; p-btww
; p fij 50
16. Mog;gl;l gaph;fSf;fhd tpiy Kd;dwptpg;g[ 53
17. mWtil gpd;rhh; bjhHpy; El;gj; Jiwapd; gapw;rpfs; 56
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshzik

:
,jHpy; tUk; fUj;Jf;fSf;F
mtw;wpd: fl;Liu Mrphpah]fns bghWg;ghth]
cHthpd: tsUk; ntshz:ik Mf!:l; 2010
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf

bjhiyJ}uf;fy;tp ,af;ffk; mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; g[jpa
,sepiyg] gl;lg]gog]g[ - gz;izj; bjhHpy;El;gk;
Kidth; g. KUnfrg{gjp
Jiznte;jh;
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfk;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
jkpHf kf;fs; bjhifapy; 56 rjtpfpjj;jpdUf;F thH]thjhukhf
tps';FtJ ntshz;ik. ,e;jpa kf;fs; bjhifapy; VG rjtpfpjj;jpdh;
jkpHfj; j py; ,Ue; j nghjpYk; / bkhj; j epyts Mjhuk; ehd; F
rjtpfpjkhft[k;/ ePh]ts Mjhuk; \d;W rjtpfpjkhft[k; kl;Lnk cs;sJ.
,r] NH; e piyapy; jkpHfbk'; F k; cs; s 80 ,yl; r k; gz; i zf;
FLk;g';fspy; Rkhh] 80 rjtpfpjj;jpdh] FW kw;Wk; rpW cHth;fshfnt
tps';Ffpd;wdh].
gaph] f spd; tpisr] r y; jpwid mjpfhpf; f t[ k ; / cHth; f spd;
bghUshjhuj;ij cah]j;jplt[k;/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfk;
gy g[ j pa bjhHpy; E l; g '; f isa[ k ; / Mnyhridfisa[ k ; / ntshz;
bjhlh]ghd gy;ntW jfty;fisa[k; cHth]fSf;F tH';fp tUfpwJ.
fz; l wpag; g l; l g[ j pa bjhHpy; E l; g '; f is cHth] f Sf; F
clDf;Fld; bfhz;L bry;y jkpHfbk';Fk;/ gy;fiyf;fHfj;ijr; nrh]e;j
Rkhh] 1270 mwptpayhsh;fSk; ntshz;ikj; Jiwiar] nrh]e;j Rkhh] 6/500
tphpthf; f g; gzpahsh; f Sk; ,iltplhJ gzp ò hpe; j nghjpYk; /
30 rjtpfpjj; j pw; F k; Fiwthd mstpnyna bjhHpy; E l; g '; f s;
cHth]fisr; brd;wilfpd]wd.
,e; e piy khw ntz; L bkd; w hy; / cHth] f splk; bjhHpy;
El;g';fisf] fw;Wf;bfhs;Sk; Mh]tk; tsu ntz;Lk;. vdnt/ jh';fs;
bra;a[k; bjhHpypy; mwpKfkhFk; g[jpa bjhHpy;El;g';fs; gw;wpa mwpt[k;/
bjspt[k; cHth]fs; bgWk; tifapy;/ jkpHf cHth]fSf;F ",sepiyg]
gz;izj; bjhHpy;El;g gl;lg]gog;g"[ tH';fg]gl cs;sJ. ,J cyf mstpy;
Kjy;Kiwahf cHth]fSf;bfd;nw tH';fg]gLk; xU Kd;ndho fy;tpj;
jpl;lkhFk;.
kyh] - 2 1 ,jH;; - 2
jhk; <LgLk; ntshz;ikj; bjhHpypy;/ jhd; xU gl;ljhhpahf

tps';fplt[k;/ midj;J ntshz; bjhHpy;El;g';fisa[k; bjhpe;J bfhz;L
rpwe;j jd;dk;gpf;ifiag] bgWk; tifapYk;/ jhDk; xU gl;ljhhp vd;w Ra
ft[utj;ij cHth]fs; bgw;wpLk; tifapYk;/ ,j;bjhHpy;El;g gl;lg]gog]g[
tH';fg]gl cs;sJ.
cHth]fs; j';fs; bjhHpy;El;g mwpitg] bgUf;fpf; bfhs;tnjhL
epyj;jpidg] gz;gLj;Jjy; Kjy; mWtil tiu/ jhdpa';fisr] nrkpj;jy;/
gjg]gLj;Jjy;/ kjpg]g{l;Ljy; tiuapyhd midj;J bjhHpy;El;g';fisa[k;
mwpe;J bfhs;Sk; tifapy; ,e;j gl;lg] gog]g[ totikf;fg]gl;Ls;sJ.
gUt Kiwapy; (brk!;lh]) \d;W Mz;LfSf;F MW gUt';fspy;
ghl';fs; elj;jg;glt[s;sd. mDgtk; tha;e;j ntshz; mwptpayhshf ; s; /
Muha;r;rpahsh;fs; / nguhrphpah;fshy; jkpH; tHpf;fy;tpapy; cHth]fs;
vspjhf òhpe;Jbfhs;Sk; tifapy; midj;J ghl';fSk;
totikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,g; gl;lg]gog]gpd; Kf;fpa mk;rkhf midj;J
bjhHpy;El;g';fSf;fhd bray;Kiw tpsf;f';fs; neh]Kfg] gapw;rp tHpahf
vspa Kiwapy; jkpHpy; tH';fj; jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sd.
jkpHfbk';Fk; cs;s 36 ntshz; Muha;r;rp epiya';fs; kw;Wk; 14
ntshz; tphpthf;f ika';fs; \ykhf/ ghlj;jpl;l';fs; tH';fg;gLk;.
vdnt/ j'; f Sf; F mUfhikapYs; s jkpH; e hL ntshz; i kg;
gy;fiyf;fHf ika';fs; \ykhf cHth]fs; ghl';fisf]
fw;Wf;bfhs;syhk;.
gj;jhk; tFg;g[ goj;j 30 taJ epuk;gpa midtUk; ,j;bjhHpy;El;gg]
gl; l g; g og; g py; nrh; e ; J gad; b gwyhk; . jkpH; e hL ntshz; i kg;
gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; jpwe;jbtsp kw;Wk; bjhiyJ}uf;fy;tp ,af;ffk; \yk;
,e;j Mz;L ,g] gl;lg]gog;g[ mwpKfg;gLj;jg]gl;Ls;sJ.
,e;j ,sepiyg] gz;izj; bjhHpy;El;gg] gl;lg] gog;gpd; \yk; fy;tp
fw;Fk; cHth] RabjhHpy; Kidnthuhf khw tha;g]g[z;L. nkYk; brhe;j
Kaw;rpapdhy; ntshz;ik/ mjidr; rhh]e;j Jizj;bjhHpy;fis
mwptpay; mog;gilapy; nkw;bfhs;s tHpfhl;Ljyhf mika[k;. cHth]fs;
midtUk; ,e;j mhpa tha;g;gpidg] gad;gLj;jp ,g;gl;lg]gog]gpd; \yk;
ntshz;ik/ mjidr; rhh;e;j bjhHpy;El;g';fis mwptpay; mog;gilapy;
mwpe;J gadila[khW nfl;Lf;bfhs;fpnwd;.
kyh] - 2 2 ,jH;; - 2
khdhthhp rhFgof;nfw;w g[jpa bey; ,ufk; - “mz;zh 4”

Kidth; g. nahfkPdhl;rp/ Kidth; r. bre;jpnty;
ntshz;ik Muha;r]rp epiyak;
gukf;Fo - 623 707
bjd; jkpHfj;jpy; ,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if khtl;l';fspy; Rkhh]

xU yl;rk; vf;lh] epyg]gug]gpy;; tlfpHf;F gUtkiHiar] rhh]e;J rk;gh gUt
fhyj; j py; (brg] l k; g h] - mf; n lhgh] khjj; j py; ) bew; g aph] Kw; w pYk;
khdhthhpahf gaphplg]gLfpd;wJ. ghrd trjp nghjpa mst[ ,y;yhj ,g;
gFjpfspy; cHth]fs; gUtkiHiana bgUkst[ ek;gp ntshz;ik bra;a
ntz;oa epiyapy; cs;sdh;. gUtkiH rhpahft[k;/ bjhlh]r]rpahft[k;
bga;ahj fhy fl;l';;fspy; bew; gaph] twl;rpahd NH;;epiyfspy; tsu
ntz;oa[s;sJ.
,g; gFjp cHth]fs; gUtkiH bga;af;Toa tha;g]g[fs; gw;wp
rhpahf fzpf;f Koahikahy;/ twl;rpiaj; jh';f ,ayhj cah] tpisr]ry;
,uf';fisnah my;yJ nghjpa kfNy; juhj Mdhy; twl;rpiaj;
jh';fty;y ghuk;ghpa ehl;L; bey; ,uf';fisnah gaphpLfpd;wdh]. mjpf
twl;rp fhy';;fspy; ,t;t[ah] tpisr]ry; ,uf';fs; Kw;wpYk; nrjkile;J
tplf;TLk;. nkYk; ehl;L ,uf';fs; twl;rp jh';;ff;Toa gz;g[fs;
,Ue;jhYk; Kjph]tila[k; jUzj;jpy; rha[k; jd;ik bfhz;ljhft[k; kpff;
Fiwe;j kfNy; jpwd; bfhz;ljhft[k; cs;sd. ,g] gFjpapy; xt;bthU
Mz;Lk; gaphpLk; gUtj;jpy; VjhtJ xU fhyfl;lj;jpy; (ehw;W J}h] fl;Lk;
gUtj;jpnyh/ g{f;Fk;; gUtj;jpnyh/ fjph] gpof;Fk; gUtj;jpnyh) twl;rp
bew;gapiuj; jhf;Ftjhy; kpff; Fiwe;j tpisr]rny fpilf;fpwJ. vdnt
twl;rpiaj; jh';fp mjpf tpisr]ry; juty;y g[jpa tif “mz;zh 4“ ,g]
gFjp cHthf ] Sf;F xU tug;gpurhjkhFk;.
rpwg;gpay;g[fs;
gukf;Fo ntshz; Muha;r;rp epiyaj;jpy; ,Ue;J btspaplg]
gl;Ls;s g[jpa ,ufkhd “mz;zh 4” (gukf;Fo 4) ,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if
khtl;l';;fspy; khdhthhp rhFgof;F Vw;w xU rpwe;j ,ufkhFk;. “ge;j;jhd;
10 X I.,.o. 9911-ypUe;J jdptHpj; njh]t[ Kiwapy; cUthf;fg;gl;l FWfpa
kyh] - 2 3 ,jH;; - 2
fhy (100 - 105 ehl;fs;) ,ufkhd ,J twl;rpiaj; jh';fp tsuf;ToaJk;/

eLj;ju cauKk;/ rhahj jd;ika[k; bfhz;lJ. tlfpHf;F gUt kiHf;
fhyj;jpy; neuo tpijg]gpw;F Vw;w ,ufkhd ,J/ ePz;l rd;d bts;is mhprp/
mjpf mwitj; jpwd;; (62.1 rjtPjk;)/ Mapuk; kzp vil (25.7 fpuhk;)
mwitapd;bghGJ kpff; Fiwe;j msnt cila[k; jd;ik (6.1 rjtPjk;)/
rikf;Fk;bghGJ mjpf mst[ ePs;thf;fpy; tphptila[k; jpwd;; (1.59 : 1.00)
cilajhf cs;sJ.
khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 3.7 ld; tpisr]rYk; mjpf msthf 4.5 ld;
tpisr]rYk; juty;yJ. ,J Ke;ija 'gukf;Fo 3'; khdhthhp bey; ,ufj;ij
tpl 14.7 rjtPjk; mjpfkhFk;. ,iyr] RUl;Lg]g[G kw;Wk; Fiy neha;f;F
vjph]g]g[j; jpwDk;/ FWj;Jg;g[G/ J';;Fnuh itu!; neha;f;F kpjkhd vjph]g]g[j;
jpwDk; cilaJ. twl;rpiaj; jh';;Fk; fhuzpfshd g[nuhypd; brhpt[ mst[
(3233 ikf;nuh fp/fp) gpvk;nf 3-If; fhl;oYk; mjpfkhft[k; (2125 ikf;nuh
fp/fp) kw;Wk; gr]irak; epiyg]g[j; jpwd; FwpaPl;L ntWghL mst[ (36.9
rjtPjk;) gpvk;nf 3-If; fhl;oYk; Fiwthft[k; (35.9 rjtPjk;) bfhz;lJ.
rhFgo Kiwfs;
rhFgof;F cfe;j : ,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if/
,l';fs; khtl;l';fspy; khdhthhp rhFgof;F Vw;wJ.
gUtk; : brg]lk;gh]-mf;nlhgh]
taJ : 100 – 105 ehl;fs;
tpij mst[ : 75 fpnyh / vf;lh]- neuo g[Gjpf;fhy; tpijg]g[
tpij neh]j;jp : 1) oiuf;nfhblh]kh tphpo 4 fpuhk; / fpnyh
2) 3 bghl;ly';fs; mnrh!;;ighpy;yk;
gaph] vz;zpf;if : tpijj;j 25-30 Mk; ehspy; ed;F kiH bga;a[k;
guhkhpg]g[ jUzj;jpy; bey; brofisf; fiyj;J epug;g[k;
nghJ xU rJu kPl;lUf;F 80 Kjy; 100 brofs;
,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
cuKk;/ mst[k; : jiH : kzp : rhk;gy; rj;J (fpnyh / vf;lh])
50 25 25
tpijg;g[ taYf;F : vf;nlUf;F 10 bghl;ly';fs; mnrh!;ighpy;yk;,
caph] cukpLjy; 10 bghl;ly';;fs; gh!;nghghf;Ohpah - 25 fpnyh
bjhG cuk; + 25 fpnyh kzy; fye;J J}t
ntz;Lk;.
kyh] - 2 4 ,jH;; - 2
moa[uk; : Cl;lnkw;wpa bjhG cuk; 750 fpnyh my;yJ 25

fpnyh kzpr] rj;J tpijf;Fk; nghJ rhypy;
,lt[k;.
fisf;bfhy;yp : tpij Kisj;j 8-Mk; ehs;- g{l;lhf;Fnshh]
2.5 yp/vf;lh] (my;yJ) bgd;okpjhypd; 3 yp/vf;lh]
mj;Jld; iff;fis 30-35 ehl;fspy; vLf;f
ntz;Lk;.
nkYuk; : jiH : rhk;gy; rj;J (fpnyh / vf;lh])
50 : 25 (,U rkghfkhf gaph] Kisj;j 20-25
kw;Wk; 40-45 ehl;fspy;) ,l ntz;Lk;.
gaph;g] ghJfhg;g[
 xU'; f pize; j gaph] g ] ghJfhg] g [ Kiwfisf; filg; g poj; j y;
ntz;Lk;. g{r;rp kw;Wk; neha;fis mHpf;Fk; Kiw tUkhW :
 bey; rpye;jpg]ngd; - ilf;nfhghy; 1000 kp.yp. / vf;lh]
 ,iyg]ngd; - gh!;nghkplhd; 250kp.yp / vf;lh]
 kht[g]g{r]rp/ ,iyr] RUl;Lg]g[G : gh!;nghkplhd; 500 kp.yp/ vf;lh]
 FUj;Jg]g{r]rp - g[nuhgpndhgh!; 50 EC -1000kp.yp. / vf;lh] my;yJ
gh!;nghkplhd; 500 kp.yp/ vf;lh;
 g[ifahd;/ btz; KJF jj;Jg] g{r]rp - gh!;nghkplhd; 40 (SL) 1000
kp.yp/ vf;lh] (my;yJ) fhh]ghpy; 50 ( wp) 1 fpnyh / vf;lh]
 ,iyg;g[s;sp neha;/ fjph] ciw mGfy; neha;/ ,iy ciw fUfy;
neha; - fhh]bgd;lhrpk;; 250fpuhk; / vf;lh]
 Fiy neha; - fhh] b gd; l hrpk; 250 fpuhk; / vf; l h; my; y J
oiuirf;Fnshnrhy; 75% (wp) 500 fpuhk; / vf;lh] my;yJ khd;nfhbrg;
1000 fpuhk; / vf;lh]
ghpnrhjid Kot[fs;
,e;j ,ufk; 2001-k; Mz;L Kjy; 2008-k; Mz;L tiuapyhd
gukf;Fo ntshz; Muha;r;rp epiyaj; jply; Ma;t[fspy; ruhrhpahf 3181
fpnyh/vf;lh] tpisr]riyf] bfhLj;Js;sJ. ,J Ke;ija tifahd
gukf;Fo 3-I (2760 fpnyh/vf;lh]) tpl 15.25 rjk; mjpfkhFk;. ,uz;lhz;L
fhy btt;ntW Muha;r]rp epiya tpisr]ry; jpwdha;t[fspy; gukf;Fo 3-If;
kyh] - 2 5 ,jH;; - 2
fhlo
; Yk; 14.5 rjtPjk; mjpf tpisr;ry; je;Js;sJ. ,J rhjhuz kiH
Mz;il tpl (2005-2006) mjpf twl;rp Mz;lhd 2006-2007-y; gukf;Fo 3-I
tpl mjpf tpisr; r y; ( 48 rjk; ) kw; W k; mjpf twl; r p jh'; F k;
jpwDilajhft[k; fhzg;gl;lJ.
,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if khtl;l';;fspy; 2005-2006, 2006-2007/
2007-2008 Mz;Lfspy;/ 126 ,l';fspy; nkw;bfhs;sg;gl;l gz;izr] bray;
tpsf;fj;jply;fspy;/ mz;zh 4 bey; ,ufk; vf;lUf;F 3517 fpnyh
tpisr;ry; je;jJ (,J gukf;Fo 3-I tpl 18.0 rjk; mjpfk;). jkpH]ehl;oy;
khdhthhp bey; rhFgo bra;ag;gL;k; Ie;J khtl;l';;fspy; 21 ,l';fspy;
2006-2007 Mz;oy; elj;jg;gl;l mDruiz Ma;tpy; ,e;j tif vf;lUf;F
ruhrhpahf 5374 fpnyh tpisr]ry] je;Js;sJ. btt;ntW jpwdha;t[fspy;
ruhrhpahf 3740 fpnyh/vf;lh] tpisr]ry; gjpthfpa[s;sJ. ,J gukf;Fo 3-I
tpl 14.7 rjtPjk; mjpfkhFk;.
,e;j ,ufj;jpid cHth;fsplk; gug;g[k; nehf;Fld; ,uhkehjg[uk;/
rptf';;if khtl;l';;fspy; 2008-2009, 2009-2010 gaph] gUtj;jpy; Kiwna 21,
100 cHth]fsplk; ,e;j tif gukf;Fo 3/ ehl;L ,d';fSld; xg;gPL
tpisr;ry; jpwdha;t[f;F cl;gLj;jg]gl;lJ. ey;y kiH Mz;lhd 2008-
2009-y; ,e;j ,ufk; Vf;fUf;F ruhrhpahf 2060 fpnyh tpisr]ry; mspj;jJ.
,nj Mz;L gukf;Fo 3 ,ufk; ruhrhpahf 1499 fpnyht[k; ehl;L ,uf';;fs;
ruhrhpahf 965 fpnyht[k; kl;Lnk tpisr;ry; je;jd. twl;rp Mz;lhd 2009-
2010-Mz;oy; ,e;j ,ufk; Vf;fUf;F ruhrhpahf 1152 fpnyht[k;/ gukf;Fo 3
,ufk; ruhrhpahf 944 fpnyht[k; ehl;L ,uf';fs; 738 fpnyht[k; je;jd.
,e;j ,ufk; cHth]fs; g';nfw;w neuo bey; ,ufj; njh;tpYk;/
bgUk;ghyhd cHth]fshy; mjpfk; tpUk;gg]gl;ljhf fz;lwpag]gl;lJ. ,e;j
,ufj;jpw;F Ke;ija ,uf';fshd gukf;Fo 2/ gukf;Fo 3/ ehl;L
,uf';fistpl mjpf re;ij tpiy cs;sjhy; cHth]fs; khdhthhpapy;
,e;j ,ufj;ijg; gaphpl;L mjpf tpisr;rYk;/ tUtha[k; bgwyhk; vd
nfl;Lf;bfhs;sg]gLfpwhh;fs;.
nkYk; tptu';fSf;F mqf ntz;oa Kfthp
nguhrphpah; kw;Wk; jiyth;/
ntshz;ik Muha;r]rp epiyak;/
gukf;Fo - 623 707.
bjhiyngrp vz; : 04564 - 222 139.
kyh] - 2 6 ,jH;; - 2
gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[k; gl;L cw;gj;jpa[k;

nf. V. KUnf#; kw;Wk; ,uh. rz;Kfk;
gl;Lg]g[Gtpay; Jiw
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[ kdpj ehfhPfj;njhL/ gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd

Mz:Lfshf gpd;dpg] gpize;J te;Js;s xU fyhr;rhu bray;ghlhFk;.
kdpjdhy;/ bghUshjhu hPjpahf tsh;f;fg;gLk; g{r;rpfSs; kpft[k;
yhgfukhdJ gl; L g; g [ G tsh; g ; g [ . gl; L ,iHfs; / g{r; r pfspypUe; J
bgwg;gLfpd;wd. ,aw;ifapy;/ 400f;Fk; nkw;gl;l g{r]rpapd';fs;/ j';fs;
Tl;Lg]g[G gUtj;jpy;/ j';fisg] ghJfhj;Jf; bfhs;s gl;Lr] Rug;gpfspy;
Ruf;Fk; jputj;jpypUe;J ,iHfisf; bfhz;L TL fl;of; bfhs;fpd;wd.
,t;tiff; TLfisr; nrfuk; bra;J chpa Rj;jpfhpg;g[ Kiwfis
nkw;bfhz;L gl;L ,iHfs; bgwg;gLfpd;wd.
gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[/ ntshz; rhh]e;j Jizj; bjhHpy;fSs; kpf

Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. cyf mstpy; gl;L cw;gj;jpapy; rPdh KjyplKk;
,e;jpah ,uz;lhkplKk; tfpf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; gl;Lj; njitapy; ,e;jpah
Kjyplk; tfpf;fpd;wJ.
cyfstpy; gl;Lg; g[G tsh;g;g[

gl;L cw;gj;jpapy; <Lgl;Ls;s 30-f;Fk; nkw;gl;l ehLfspy;/ 16
ehLfs; Mrpah fz;lj;jpy; cs;sd. mit 90 rjtpfpj gl;oid cw;gj;jp
bra;fpd;wd. cyfstpy; 1.25 yl;rk; ld; gl;L cw;gj;jpr; bra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
,jpy; 80 rjtpfpjk; rPdhtpYk;/ 13 rjtpfpjk; ,e;jpahtpYk;/ 2 rjtpfpjk; kw;w
ehLfspYk; cw;gj;jpr] bra;ag;gLfpwJ. gl;Lj; njitapy; Kd;dzpapy;
,Ug;gJ mbkhpf;fhthFk;. nkYk; Inuhg;gh fz;lj;jpy; Rtpl;rh]yhe;J/
,'; f pyhe; J / b$h] k pdp nghd; w ehLfSk; gl; o idg] bgUkst[
gad;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
kyh] - 2 7 ,jH;; - 2
,e;jpahtpy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[
gl;L cw;gj;jpf;Fk; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[f;Fk; rPd njrnk gpwg;gplkhff;

fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;F/ tlfpHf;F khepy';fspy; cs;s
rhz;lypah]/ fr]rh]/ g{l;oah/ gytif gH';Fo ,d kf;fspd; thH;tpay;
Mjhukhf vhp/ lrhh]/ \fh gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[ ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ. gy;ntW
tlbkhHp/ ,yf;fpa E}y;fspy; ,e;jpahtpd; gl;L ghuk;ghpak; gjpt[
bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. MapDk; ky;bghpg] gl;L rPdhtpypUe;nj ,e;jpaht[f;F
te;Js;sJ vd;W tuyhw;W Mrphpah]fs; fUJfpd;wdh;. fp.gp. 200-Mz;oy;
rPd ,sturp xUth] neghs njrj;J kd;diu jpUkzk; bra;jbghGJ mth]
rPjdkhf gl;Lg;g[G Kl;ilfisf; bfhzh]e;J/ mjd; \yk; ,khyag]
gFjpfspYk;/ gpwF tlfpHf;F ,e;jpag]gFjpfspYk; gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[
nkw;bfhs;sg]gl;ljhf fUjg]gLfpwJ. gd;bdL'; fhykhfnt tl ,e;jpa
g[dpj efukhd fhrp/ gl;L efukhf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ. nkw;F t';fhsk;/ xhprh
gFjpfspYk; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g;g[k; gl;L bert[k; gy E}w;whz;Lfshf
rpwg;ghfr] bra;ag;gl;L tUfpwd. bjd;dpe;jpahtpy; fh";rpg[uk;/ Muzp/
jh]khtuk;/ nghr]rk;gs;sp Mfpa efu';fs; gl;L bertpy; jdp Kj;jpiug]
gjpj;j gl;L ika';fshFk;.
,e;jpahtpy; ky;bghp/ jrhh]/ vhp/ \fh nghd;w ehd;F tifahd

gl;Lg[Gf;fSk; cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gLfpwd. ,tw;Ws; ky;bghp gl;L kl;Lk; 88
rjk; cw;gj;jp bra;ag]gLfpwJ. Vwf;Fiwa 53 Mapuk; fpuhk';fspy; cs;s
vl;L yl;rk; FLk;g';fs; <Lgl;Ls;s ,j;bjhHpy;/ Rkhh; 70 yl;rk; kf;fSf;F
ntiy tha;g;ig mspf;fpwJ. gl;Lj; Jzp tif Vw;Wkjp \yk; me;epar;
bryhtzpahf 3500 nfho +ghia ,e;jpa murh';fj;jpw;F <l;oj; jUfpwJ.
Vwf;Fiwa Mz;blhd;Wf;F 17 Mapuk; ld;fSf;F nkyhf gl;L cw;gj;jp
bra; a g; g Lfpd; w J. 623 nfho +gha; f ; F kjpg; g [ s ; s gl; l hilfs;
cw;gj;jpahfpd;wd.
bjd;dpe;jpahtpy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[
ikNh] muruhd jpg;g[ Ry;jhd; Kaw;rpapdhy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[
kyh] - 2 8 ,jH;; - 2
bjd;dhl;oy;/ 1700fspy; mwpKfk; bra;ag;gl;lJ. ikNiur; Rw;wpa[s;s

nghpif/ bfhs; n sfhy; gFjpfspy; gl; L g; g [ G tsh; g ; g [ f ; F Vw; w
jl;gbtg;gepiy cs;sjhy; mg;gFjpfspy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[ rpwg;ghfg;
gutpaJ. gpwF jkpHfj;jpd; jh]kg[hp/ fpU#;zfphp gFjpfspy; bgUkstpy;
gl;Lg;g[G tsh]f;fg;gLfpwJ.
jkpHfj;jpy; Kiwahd ky;bghp rhFgo/ gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]gpd;

Kd;ndhoahff; fUjg;gLth; brd;id kUj;Jtf; fHfj;jpy; 1790y;
,af;Feuhf ,Ue;j lhf;lh; n$k;!; Mz;lh;rd; mth]fns. ,aw;if
Mh]tyuhd mth] jkJ njhl;lj;jpy; gytif ky;bghp ,uf';fisg; gaphpl;L
tsh]j;J te;jhh;. gpwF fpHf;fpe;jpa epWtd mjpfhhpfs; JiznahL
jkpHfj;jpd; gy;ntW gFjpfspy; ky;bghpr] rhFgoa[k; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[k;
gutpaJ.
jkpH;ehl;oy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[
jkpH;ehl;oy; ky]bghpahdJ Rkhh] 30/000 Vf;fh; gug;gstpy; ,witg;

gapuhfg] gaphplg]gl;L tUfpwJ. jkpH;ehL Vwf;Fiwa 750 bkl;hpf; ld; gl;L
E}y; cw;gj;jp bra;J ,e;jpahtpy; ehd;fhtJ khepykhfj; jpfH;fpwJ. Rkhh]
27/000 nkw;gl;l cHth] FLk;g';fshy; gpd;gw;wg;gLk; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]ghdJ
,uz;L ,yl;rj;jpw;Fk; nkw;gl;l kf;fSf;Fj; bjhHpy; tha;g;ig Vw;gLj;jpf;
bfhLj; J xU ,yhgfukhd bjhHpyhfj; jpfH; f pwJ. jkpHfj; j py;
bgUk;ghyhd khtl;l';fspy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[ nkw;;bfhs;sg;gl;L te;jhYk;
fpU#;zfphp/ jh;kg[hp/ ntY}h;/ nryk;/ <nuhL/ nfhit Mfpa khtl;l';fspy;
mjpfstpy; bra;ag;gl;L mk; kf;fspd; caph] ehoahf tps';FfpwJ.
,d;iwa fhy fl;l';fspy; cHth]fspilna bgUfp tUk;

Rw;Wr]R{Hy; ghJfhg;g[ gw;wpa tpHpg;g[zh]t[/ ntshz;ikapy; m';ffg;
bghUl;fspd; gad;ghl;il mjpfhpj;Js;sJ. ky;bghpapy; ,g;bghUl;fspd;
gad;ghl;odhy; ,urhad bghUl;fspd; njit Fiwe;Js;sJ. ,J kz;zpd;
tsj; i j epiy epWj; J tnjhL kl; L ky; y hky; / xU Vf; f Uf; F
kyh] - 2 9 ,jH;; - 2
15 ld;fshf ,Ue;j ,iy tpisr;ry; 24 ld;fshf cah;e;Js;sJ. ,jd;

fhuzkhft[k; nkYk; ,U g[jpa gUt gl;Lg;g[Gf;fspd; mwpKfj;jpdhYk;
100 Kl;ilj; bjhFjpfSf;F Rkhh; 25 fpnyhthf ,Ue;j gl;Lf; TL cw;gj;jp
70 fpnyhthf mjpfhpj;J cd;dj epiyia vl;oa[s;sJ.
btw;wpfukhd gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]gpw;F mwptpay; g{h]tkhd Kiwapy;

,sk; g[G tsh]g]gJ ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. ,jdhy; jkpHfj;jpy; 27 jdpahh]
,sk; g[G tsh]g]g[ epiya';fs; mikf;fg;gl;L rpwg;ghfr; bray;gl;L
tUfpwd. ,sk;g[G tsh;g;g[ epiya';fspdhy; 100 Kl;ilj; bjhFjpfSf;F
10 fpnyh TL kfR{y; mjpfkhff; fpilf;fpwJ.
jw;rkak; gl;L cw;gj;jp bjhHpy; gy;ntW khw;w';fisr] re;jpj;J

tUfpd;wJ. cah; tpisr]ry; tiffs;/ m';ff Kiwapy; jukhd ,iy
cw;gj;jp/ cah] kfR{y; juty;y gl;Lg;g[G ,uf';fs;/ jukhd gl;L cw;gj;jp
bra;a ,U re;jjp ,uf';fs;/ xU';fpize;j g{r]rp/ neha; eph]thfk;/ Rygkhd
gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g;g[ Kiwfs; nghd;wit ,j;bjhHpiy yhg nehf;fpy; bra;a[k;
bjhHpyhf khw;wp tUfpd;wd. nkYk; ,j;bjhHpypy; cs;s ,lh]ghLfisf]
fisa Kw;gl;nlhkhdhy; nkYk; rpwg;ghf/ mjpf yhgk; jUk; bjhHpyhf
tps';Fk; vd;gjpy; ve;j IaKkpy;iy.
1. rPuhd Kl;il cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; rpwg;ghd tH';fy; jpl;l';fs;
2. gl;Lf;Tl;od; juj;jpw;F Vw;w tpiy eph]zak;
3. cw;gj;jp brytpidf] Fiwf;f Kw;gLjy;
4. xg;ge;j gz;iza Kiwapy; bjhHpy; bra;a Cf;Ftpj;jy;
5. bjhHpy; bjhl';f/ nkk;gLj;j muR khdpa jpl;l';fs;
6. xU';fpize;j gz;iza Kiwia Cf;Ftpj;jy;
7. gl;L jtpu kw;wit cw;gj;jp bra;a Kaw;rpj;jy;
kyh] - 2 10 ,jH;; - 2
jukhd gl;Lf;TL cw;gj;jpapy; caph] cu';fspd; g';F

Kidth; fh. ,uhk\h;j;jp/
bry;tp kh. nutjp/ Kidth; ,uh. ghyFUehjd;
gl;Lg;g[Gtpay; Jiw
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfk;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
cyfg] gl;L cw;gj;jpapy;/ ,e;jpah rPdhtpw;F mLj;jgoahf
,uz;lhk; ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;/ ghuk;ghpak;/ fyhr]rhu gad;ghl;oYk;/
,wf;FkjpapYk; Kjyplk; tFf;fpwJ. cyfstpy; 1.25 ,yl;rk; ld;; gl;L
cw;gj;jp bra;ag]gLfpd;wJ. ,jpy; 80 rjtpfpjk; rPdhtpYk;/ 13 rjtpfpjk;
,e;jpahtpYk;/ 2 rjtpfpjk; kw;w ehLfspYk; cw;gj;jp bra;ag]gLfpwJ.
,e;jpahtpy; Rkhh] 7 ,yl;rk; Vf;fh] gug]gstpy; ky;bghp rhFgo
bra;ag]gl;L Mz;ow;F Rkhh] 18/653 bkl;hpf; ld;; gl;L E}y; cw;gj;jp
bra;ag]gLfpwJ. jkpHfj;jpy; Rkhh] 30/000 Vf;fh] gug]gstpy; ky;bghp
gaphplg]gl;L Mz;ow;F Rkhh] 1300 bkl;hpf; ld;; gl;L E}y; cw;gj;jp
bra;ag]gLfpwJ.
jw;bghGJ ntshz;ik Muha;r]rpapy; gy tifahd khw;w';fs;
Vw; g l; L s; s d. mnj rkak; gy; n tW g[ J ikfSk; gy; n tW g[ j pa
gpur] r idfSk; njhd; w pa[ s ; s d. khwp tUk; jl; g btg; g epiy/
epytsf;Fiwt[/ ePh]tsf;Fiwt[ gaph]fSf;F ,aw;if cu';fs;/ caph]
cu';fs;/ njitahd rkr]rPh] cu';fs;/ Kiwahd gaph] RHw;rp Kiwapidg]
gpd;gw;whik Mfpatw;why; gaph]fspd; cw;gj;jp btFthf FiwfpwJ.
ky;bghp xU gy;yhz;Lg] gzg] gapuhf jkpHfj;jpy; rhFgo
bra;ag]gLfpwJ. ,jd; cuj; njit kw;w vy;yh gaph]fisf; fhl;oYk; kpf
mjpfkhf cs;sJ (mjhtJ xU vf;lUf;F 300 :120 : 120 fpnyh jiH/ kzp/
rhk;gy; rj;Jf;fs; njitg;gLfpwd). ,g;gaph; vy;yhtif
Cl;lr]rj;Jf;fisa[k; mjpf mstpy; vLj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; jd;ik tha;e;jJ.
cHth]fs; ky;bghpf;F rpy Cl;lr]rj;J cu';fis kl;Lnk ,l;L
tUtjhYk; / bjhG cuk; / kf; f pa vU/ gz; i zf; fHpt[ f s; /
Miyf;fHpt[fs;/ gRe;jhs; cuk; nghd;w ,aw;if vUf;fisg] nghJkhd
mst[ ,lhjjhYk; jkpHfj;jpy; ,g;gaph; gaphplg;gLk; gy gFjpfspd; kz;
tsk;/ ky;bghp ,iy kfNy;/ juk; Mfpait btFthf Fiwe;Js;sJ.
kyh] - 2 11 ,jH;; - 2
Ez;qaph] cu';fs;
cHth;fs; ky;bghp brofisg] gaphpl;L mjd; ,iyfisg]
gl;Lg]g[Gf;fSf;F czthff; bfhLj;J tUfpd;wdh]. gl;Lg]g[Gtpd; tsh]r]rp/
TLfspd; tpisr]ry; Mfpait ky;bghp ,iyfspd; juj;ijr] rhh]e;J
,Uf;fpwJ. mjpf kht[r]rj;J/ g[ujr]rj;Js;s ,iyfisg; gl;Lg]g[Gf;fs;
ed;F cz;qtjhy; jukhd gl;Lf;TL kfNy; fpilf;Fk;.
,iyfspd; kfNy;/ juk; Mfpatw;iw mjpfhpf;f cHth]fs;
ky;bghpf;F mjpf mstpy; braw;if cu';fis ,Lfpwhh]fs;. ,jdhy;
,LbghUs; bryt[ mjpfkhfpwJ. nkYk; kz;zpd; jd;ik ehsiltpy;
rPuHpfpwJ.
cHth]fSf;F ez;gh]fshfr; bray;gLk; Ez;qaph]fs; braw;if
cu';fspd; njitiaf; Fiwg]gJld; kz; tsj;ija[k; ghJfhf;fpwd.
,it ky;bghpapd; nthpYk;/ ntiur] Rw;wpa[s;s gFjpapYk; j';fp jiH/
kzpr]rj;Jf;fis ky;bghp gapUf;F tH';Ffpd;wd.
mnrh!;ighpy;yk;/ gh!;nghngf;Ohpah/ tp.V. ikf;nfhiurh vd;w
nth] cl;g{rzk; Mfpait ky;bghp tsh]r]rpapy; Kf;fpa g';F tfpf;Fk;
caph] cu';fshFk;.
mnrh!;ighpy;yk;
1. ky;bghp brofSf;F ,ij ,Ltjhy; fhw;wpy; cs;s 78 rjtpfpjk;
jiHr]rj;ij ky;bghp gaph] cl;bfhs;Sk;.
2. Vf;fUf;F 8 fpnyh mnrh!;ighpy;yj;ij kf;fpa bjhG cuj;Jld;
fye;J kz;zpy; ,l ntz;Lk;.
3. ,ij xt;bthU Kiwa[k; ntjp cuk; ,l;l 10 ehl;fSf;F gpwF ,l
ntz;Lk;.
4. ,jdhy; 25 rjtpfpjk; jiHr]rj;J msit Fiwj;J ,lyhk;.
5. ,iy kfNy; 10 rjtpfpjk; mjpfhpf;Fk;.
6. tpijf; Fr]rpfspd; Kisg]g[j;jpwd; 10 rjtpfpjk; mjpfhpf;Fk;.
7. nth]fspd; tsh]r]rp mjpfhpf;fg]gLtjhy;/ mjpf jhJr] rj;Jf;fis
kz;zpy; ,Ue;J fpufpj;Jf; bfhs;s KofpwJ.
kyh] - 2 12 ,jH;; - 2
8. itl;lkpd;fs;/ Md;l;ogahof; Mfpatw;iw cw;gj;jp bra;J gapUf;F

gyj;ij mspf;fpd;wd.
9. mnrh!; i ghpy; y k; ,l; l ky; b ghpapd; ,iyfis cz; q k;

gl;Lg]g[Gtpd; TLfs; 30 rjtpfpjKk;/ gl;L E}ypd; vil 12 rjtpfpjKk;
mjpfhpg]gjhf Muha;r]rp \yk; fz;lwpag]gl;Ls;sJ.
,Lk; Kiwfs;
F xU Vf;fUf;F njitahd ky;bghp tpijf; fuizfis 800 fpuhk;
mjhtJ 4 bghl;ly';fs; mnrh!;ighpy;yk; +. 40 ypl;lh] ePh]
fyitapy; 30 epkplk; Cw itj;J gpd;g[ el ntz;Lk;.
F elt[ taypy; 2 fpnyh (10 bghl;ly';fs;) xU Vf;fUf;F njitahd

mnrh!;ighpy;yj;ij 25 fpnyh ed;F J}s; bra;ag]gl;l bjhG
cuj;Jld; fye;J nth]g] gFjpapy; xU khjj;jpw;F xU Kiw
fthj;J bra;j gpwF ,l ntz;Lk;.
gh!;@ngh ghf;OhPah
ky;bghpf;F ,Lk; braw;if kzpr]rj;J cu';fspy; Rkhh] 15-20 rjk;

kl;Lnk gapUf;F fpilf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; ,iyfspd; juKk; kfNYk;
FiwtJld; gl;Lg;g[Gf;fspd; tsh]r]rpa[k; juKk; ghjpf;fg]gLfpd;wd.
gh!;@ngh ghf;OhpahthdJ ky;bghpf;F fpilf;fhky; epyj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;
kzpr]rj;ij vLj;J bfhLg]gjhy; kpft[k; Kf;fpakhd Ez;qapuhff;
fUjg]gLfpwJ.
1. fiuahj kzpr]rj;ijf; fiuj;J ky;bghpf;F vLj;Jf; bfhLf;fpwJ.
2. kzpr]rj;J cuj;ij 25 rjtpfpjk; Fiwj;J ,lyhk;.
3. ,iy kfNy; mjpfhpf;Fk;.
4. ,iyfspd; gr]irak;/ kht[r]rj;J/ g[ujr]rj;J Mfpait mjpfhpf;

fpd;wJ.
5. gl;Lg]g[G Tl;od; juKk;/ vila[k; mjpfhpf;f tha;g]g[s;sJ.
kyh] - 2 13 ,jH;; - 2
,Lk; Kiwfs;
mnrh!;ighpy;yk; nghd;nw ,tw;iwa[k; ,l ntz;Lk;.
tp.V. ikf;nfhiurh
,e;j Ez;qaph] g{rz tifiar] rhh]e;jJ MFk;. ,e;j Ez;qaph]

nth]g]gFjpapd; mUfpy; fpilf;fhky; cs;s kzpr]rj;ij/ kz;zpy; glh]e;J
brd;W vLj;J nth]g]gFjpf;F fpilf;FkhW bra;fpwJ. ,jdhy; bro mjpf
mstpy; kzpr]rj;ij nth] \yk; cs;th';fpf; bfhs;fpwJ.
1. ,e; j Ez; q aph; kzpr; r j; i j kl; L ky; y hky; / Ez; q }l; l r;

rj;Jf;fshd Jj;jehfk;/ jhkpuk;/ Rz;zhk;g[r;rj;J/ bkf;dPrpak;
Mfpatw;iwa[k; ky;bghp mjpf mstpy; vLj;Jf; bfhs;s cjt[fpwJ.
2. brofs; mjpf mstpy; ePiu vLj;Jf; bfhs;st[k; cjt[fpwJ.
3. ,it ntiuj; jhf; F k; rpy fpUkpfs; / E}w; g [ G f; f splkpUe; J

ky;bghpiag] ghJfhf;fpwJ.
4. ,g] g{rzk; kz; z py; cs; s ed; i k jUk; Ez; q aphpfis

Cf;Ftpf;fpwJ.
,Lk; Kiw
ky; b ghpapy; ,g] g{rzk; ehw; w '; f hYf; F kl; L k; ghpe; J iur]
bra;ag]gLfpwJ.
xU rJu kPl;lUf;F 100 fpuhk; tp. V. ikf;nfhiurh g{rzj;ij xU

fpnyh bjhG cuj;Jld; fye;J ehw;w';fhypy; tpijf; fuiz eLk; bghGJ
,l ntz;Lk;.
cHth]fs; nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l Ez;qaph] cu';fisg] gad;gLj;jp

ky;bghp ,iy kfNy;/ juk; Mfpatw;iw mjpfk; bgw;W/ gl;Lf;Tl;od; juk;/
vil Mfpatw;iw TLjyhf bgw;W gadilayhk;.
kyh] - 2 14 ,jH;; - 2
tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk; - cHth]fspd; tpobts;sp

Kidth] f. fpU#;zntzp / Kidth] gh. fiyr;bry;td;
ntshz; tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;ffk;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk;

tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk; vd;gJ cHth]fs; j';fSf;Fj; njitahd
jukhd tpijfisj; jh';fshfnt cw;gj;jp bra;J j';fsJ Ranjitf;F
gad;gLj;jpf; bfhs;tjhFk;. nkYk; v";rpa[s;s tpijfis mUfpYs;s
cHth]fSf;F tpw;W mjpf ,yhKk; bgwyhk;.
jukhd tpijfis cw;gj;jp bra;J cHth]fSf;F epahakhd
tpiyapy; Fwpg]gpl;l fhyj;jpy; bfhLf;fg;glntz;Lk; vd;w nehf;fj;Jld;
kj;jpa muR khepy ntshz;ikj; Jiw/ ntshz; gy;fiyf; fHf';fSf;F
epjpa[jtp mspj;J tUfpwJ. Fwpg;ghf tPhpa xl;L bey; tpij cw;gj;jp/
tpepnahfk; Mfpatw;wpw;F mjpf mstpy; epjpíjtp xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,j;jpl;lj;jpy; gy;fiyf;fHf tpij tiffs; (bey;/ nrhsk;/
kf;fhr;nrhsk;/ cSe;J kw;Wk; vs;) 50 rjtpfpj khdpaj;jpy; cHth]fSf;F
tpepnahfk; bra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,jd; \yk; bey;/ kf;fhr]nrhsk;/ cSe;J/
vs; nghd;w gaph]fSf;fhd tpijfs; tH';fg;gl;L tUfpwd. ,j;jifa
jukhd tpij cw;gj;jp bra;a[k; bjhHpy;El;g';fSk; gapw;rp \yk;
bfhLf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.
nkYk; tpij tpepnahfk; bra;ag]gLk; cHth]fSf;F tpij
cw;gj;jpf;fhd gapw;rp fPH;f;fz;lthW \d;W epiyfspy; tH';fg;gLfpwJ.
 tpijf;Fk; gUtk;
 g[{f;Fk; gUtk;
 mWtil gUtk;
cHth]fs; cw;gj;jp bra;j tpijfspd; juj;ij nkk;gLj;j tpijf;
fpuhkj; jpl;lk; vd;w xU jpl;lj;ij ,e;jpa muR epjpa[jtpia khepy
murpw;Fk;/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpw;Fk; mspj;Js;sJ.
kyh] - 2 15 ,jH;; - 2
,j;jpl;lj;jpid jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfk; mjd; tpij

ikak;/ gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; gy;ntW ntshz; mwptpay; epiya';fs;
\ykhf bray;gLj;jp tUfpd;wJ.
,j;jpl;lj;jpd; \yk; cHth]fSf;Fj; njitahd tpijfis
gy;fiyf;fHfk; mth]fspd; epyj;jpnyna cw;gj;jp bra;J mjw;F
tpijr]rhd;W ml;il bghWj;jp cHth]fSf;F 50 rjk; khdpaj;jpy; tH';fp
tUfpwJ.
fle;j 2009 epjp epiy mwpf;ifapy; ntshz;ikg] gaph]fshd
gaWtif tpijfs;/ vz;bza;tpj;Jg; gaph]fspd; tpij cw;gj;jpiag]
bgUf;f Rkhh] 300 nfho epjp xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mt;thW xJf;fg;gl;l
bjhif Fwpg]ghf gaWtif/ vz;bza; tpj;Jf;fis kl;Lnk cw;gj;jp
bra; a [ k ; Rkhh] 60/000 fpuhk'; f isj; njh; e ; b jLj; J eilKiwg;
gLj;jg]glt[s;sJ.
,j;jpl;lj;jpid ,e;jpa ntshz;ik Muha;r]rp epiyaKk;;/ khepy
ntshz; gy;fiyf;fHf';fSk; ,ize;J bray;gLj;jpdhy;/ 1980y;;
bfhz;L tug;bgw;w g[ul;rpiag; nghy; gaW/ vz;bza;tpj;J cw;gj;jpapy;
bgUk; g[ul;rpia Vw;gLj;Jk; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.
nkw;Twpa jpl;lj;ij Rkhh; 13 ntshz; mwptpay; epiya';fs;
\ykhft[k;/ ntshz; Muha;r;rp epiya';fs; (gthdprhfh]/ itif miz/
j";rht{h;) nghd;w jkpH;ehl;oy; cs;s btt;ntW Muha;r;rp epiya';fs;
\ykhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. ,j;jpl;lj;ij jkpH;ehL
ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpy; cs;s jdp mYtyh] (tpij ikak;)
tpij El;gtpay; Jiw/ ntshz; tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;ffk; Mfpnahh]
,ize;J ,j;jpl;lj;ijr] bray;gLj;jp tUfpd;wdh].
vdnt Kd;ndho cHth]fshfpa jh';fSk; ,e;j tpij fpuhkj;
jpl;;lj;jpd; rpwg;g[ mk;r';fs;/ ,jd; nehf;fk;/ nkw;Twpa jpl;lj;ij
brayhf;fj; jFe;j ntshz; a[f;jpfs; Mfpatw;iw ed;F bjhpe;J
bfhs;sntz;Lk;. fpuhk Kd;ndw;wk; vd;w kfhj;kh fhe;jp fz;l fdt[
edthf ehk; midtUk; xU';fpize;J bray;gl;lhy; ,j; jpl;lj;jpid
ey;y Kiwapy; brayhf;f Koa[k;. nkYk;/ gaW/ vz;bza; tpj;J
cw;gj;jpapy; jd;dpiwitg; bgw ,aYk;.
kyh] - 2 16 ,jH;; - 2
gUj;jpapy; Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj;jpl;l

bjhHpy;El;g';fs;
brs. c#huhzp/ Kidth] eh. nfhghyf;fpU#;zd;
kj;jpa gUj;jp Muha;r]rp epWtdk;

gpuhe;jpa epiyak;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
"bts;isj; j';fk"; vd;w rpwg]g[g] bgahplg]gl;L miHf;fg]gLk;

gUj;jpg] gaph]/ cyfstpy; Vwf;Fiwa vz;gJf;;Fk; nkw;gl;l ehLfspy;
20 kpy;ypaDf;Fk; nkw;gl;l cHth]fshy; gaphplg]gl;L tUfpwJ. gUj;jpr]
rhFgog] gug] g stpy; ,e; j pah cyfstpy; KjyhtJ ,lj; j pYk; /
cw;gj;jpapy; cyfstpy; ,uz;lhtJ ,lj;jpYk; cs;sJ.
cyfstpy;/ gUj;jpr] rhFgoapy; ,uz;lhtJ ,lj;ijg] gpog]gjw;F

gy;ntW fhuz';fs; ,Ue;jhYk;/ ,e;jpa murh';fj;jpd; fPH; gzpg[hpa[k;
gy;ntW muRj;JiwapduhYk;/ gy;ntW tpjkhd jdpahh] epWtd';fshYk;
filg]gpof;fg]gl;L tUk; ntshz; tphpthf;f cj;jpfSk; xU Kf;fpa
fhuzk;. mwptpayhsh;fshy; fz;lwpag]gLk; g[jpa bjhHpy; El;g';fisg]
gUj;jpr] rhFgoahsh;fsplk; bfhz;L nrh]g]gjw;F ntshz; tphpthf;f
cj;jpfs; bgUk; cjtpahf cs;sd. gy;ntW tpjkhd ntshz; tphpthf;f
cj;jpfSk; jpl;l';fSk; ,Ue;jhYk;/ mwptpayhsh]f;Fk;/ cHth]fSf;Fk;
xU neuoahd bjhlh]ig Vw;gLj;jpj; jUk; xU rpwe;j jpl;lk; jhd; ,e;j
"Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jpl;lk;" vd;w ntshz; tphpthf;fj; jpl;lkhFk;.
,j; jpl;lk; ek; ehl;od; gUj;jp cw;gj;jpj; jpwd; nkk;gLtjw;F kpft[k;

cWJizahf ,Ue;j xU rpwe;jj; jpl;lkhFk;.
Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj;jpl;lk; - njhw;wk;

gUj; j p Muha; r ; r p epWtd'; f spy; fz; l wpag; g Lk; bjhHpy;
El;g';fisg] gUj;jp gaphpLgth;fSf;Ff] bfhz;L nrh]f;f ,e;jpa ntshz;
Muha;r]rpf; fHfk; gy;ntW tpjkhd jpl;l';fis eilKiwg; gLj;jpaJ.
mitfspy; kpft[k; Kf;fpakhd xd;Wjhd; cHth]fspd; epyj;jpy; bray;
kyh] - 2 17 ,jH;; - 2
tpsf;fj; jply;fs; mikf;Fk; Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jpl;lkhFk;. ,j;

jpl;lk; vy;yhg] gaph]fspYk; bray;gLj;jg]gl;L tUfpwJ. gUj;jp gaphpy;
,j;jpl;lk; 1996 -97 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; bray;gl;L tUfpwJ.
jpl;lj;jpd; nehf;fk;
gUj; j p Muha; r ] r p epWtd'; f spy; fz; l wpag; g Lk; g[ j pa
bjhHpy;El;g';fisg] gUj;jpr] rhFgo bra;a[k; cHth]fspd; epyj;jpy;
neuoahf bray;tpsf;fj; jply;fs; mikg]gjhFk;. ,jd; \yk; cHth]fs;
g[jpa bjhHpy; El;g';fisj; bjspthf mwpe;J bfhs;tnjhL/ mtw;wpd;
gyd;fisf] fz;Tlhff; fhz Koa[k;. Muha;r;rp epWtd';fspypUe;J
cHth]fSf;Fj; bjhHpy; El;g';fs; brd;W nrh]tjw;fhd fhy mst[
Fiwf;fg] bgWfpd;wJ. cHth]fSf;Fj; njitahd bjhHpy;El;g';fisg]
fz;lwptjw;F kpfîk; cWJizahf ,Uf;Fk; mwptpayhsh]fs/; jh';fs;
fz; L gpoj; j bjhHpy; E l; g '; f is cHth] f spd; epy'; f spy; vg] g o
bray;gLfpd;wd vd;gija[k; mwpe;J bfhs;s tHp tFf;fpwJ. nkYk;/
mwptpayhsh]fs;/ tphpthf;f gzpahsh]fs;/ cHth]fSf;fpilna ey;y
bjhlh]ig Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F ,j;jpl;lk; tHptFf;fpwJ.
jpl;lj;jpidr] bray;gLj;Jk; epWtd';fs;

,e; j pa xU'; f pize; j gUj; j p nkk; g hl; L j; jpl; l j; j pd;
xU';fpizgg ] hshpd; jiyikapd; fPH; bray;gl;L tUk; 21 ntshz;
gy; f iyf; f Hf gUj; j p Muha; r ] r p epWtd'; f spy; gzpg[ h pa[ k ;
mwptpayhsh] f spd; \yk; ,j; j pl; l k; 1996 Mk; Mz; L Kjy;
bray;gLj;jg]gl;L tUfpwJ. ,Jtiu Vwf;Fiwa 15/000f;Fk; nkw;gl;l
Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jply;fs; ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; \yk; cHth]fspd;
epyj; j py; ,e; j pah KGtJk; mikf; f g; g l; L s; s d. ,j; j pl; l j; i jr]
bray;gLj;Jtjw;fhd gz cjtpia ,e;jpa murh';fj;jpd;/ kj;jpa
ntshz; mikr]rfj;jpd; fPH; bray;gl;L tUk; ntshz;ik kw;Wk; Tl;Lwt[
Jiw xt;bthU tUlKk; mspj;J tUfpd;wJ. Kk;igapYs;s gUj;jp
nkk;ghL ,af;Fdufk; ,k; Kd;dpiyr] bray; tpsf;fj; jpl;lj;jpid
kjpg;gPL bra;J tUfpd;wJ. jw;nghJ mfpy ,e;jpa xU';fpize;j gUj;jp
kyh] - 2 18 ,jH;; - 2
nkk;ghl;L jpl;lk;/ ntshz;ikj;Jiw/ fhl;ld; fhh]gnu#d; Mg; ,e;jpah/

ntshz; mwptpay; epiya';fs; \ykhft[k; Kd;dpiyr] bray; tpsf;fj;
jpl;lk; bray;gLj;jg]gl;L tUfpd;wJ. ,J/ midj;J muR rhh]e;j
epWtd';fspd; xU Tl;L Kaw;rpahf gUj;jp cHth]fspd; thH;f;if
nkk;ghl;ow;bfd bray;gl;L tUk; xU rpwe;j ntshz; tphpthf;fj;
jpl;lkhFk;.
jpl;lr] bray;ghLfs;
,j;jpl;lk; mwpKfk; gLj;jg;gl;l 1996 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; 2003 Mk;
Mz;L tiu ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; btWk; rhFgo bjhHpy; El;g';fns bra;J
fhl;lg]gl;L te;jd. Kjd;Kiwahf 2004 Mk; Mz;L ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; \yk;
gz;izf; fUtpfisr] bray; tpsf;fp fhl;Lk; xU g[jpa mqFKiw
ifahsg]gl;lJ. ,j;jpl;lk; 2005 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; gpd; tUk; \d;W
mqFKiwfspy; bray;gLj;jg]gl;L tUfpd;wJ.
1. gUj;jpr] rhFgo bjhHpy;El;g';fspd; bray;tpsf;fk;
2. gUj;jpapy; xU';fpize;j g{[r]rpf; fl;Lg;ghl;od; bray;tpsf;fk;
3. gUj; j pr] rhFgoapy; gad; g Lk; gz; i zf; fUtpfspd;

bray;tpsf;fk;
bray; tpsf;fk;
gUj;jp Muha;r;rp epWtd';fspy; fz;lwpag]gLk; g[jpa gUj;jp
tiffs;/ tPhpa xl;L tiffs;/ cHtpay; bjhHpy;El;g';fs;/ g{r]rp neha;f;
fl;Lg]ghl;L Kiwfs;/ tpidapay; bjhHpy;El;g';fs;/ CLgaph]fs; nghd;w
bjhHpy; El;g';fs; cHth]fspd; epy';fspy; mwptpayhsh;fs; \yk;
bra;Jfhl;lg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. njh]e;bjLf;fg]gl;l cHth]fspd; epy';fspy;
xU Vf;fh] epyg;gug]gpy; ,j;bjhHpy; El;g';fs; mwptpayhsh;fshy;
bra;Jfhl;lg;gLfpd;wd. bjhHpy; El;g';fspd; gyd;fis mwptjw;fhf xU
Vf;fh] epyg]gug]gpy; cHthf
] s; jh';fs; Vw;fdnt rhFgo bra;tJ nghy
gUj; j pr] rhFgo bra; a [ k ; g o mwpt[ W j; j g] g Lfpd; w dh] . gUj; j papy;
cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; kpft[k; Fiwthf cs;s ,l';fspYk; gUj;jpr] rhFgo
kyh] - 2 19 ,jH;; - 2
gpur]ridfs; epiwe;jjhf cs;s ,l';fspYk; KG rhFgoj; bjhHpy;

El;g';fSk; bra;J fhl;lg]gLfpd;wd. xU cHthpd; epyj;jpy; xU Vf;fh]
bray; tpsf;fj; jply; mikf;f muR +. 2000/- tH';FfpwJ. ,j;bjhifapy;
+. 1400/- Kf;fpa ,LbghUl;fs; th';Ftjw;Fk; kPjKs;s +. 600/- bray;
tpsf; f j; j pliyg] ghh; i tapl njitahd thfd trjpf; f hft[ k ; /
'tptrhapfs; jpdk;' xG';F bra;tjw;fhft[k;/ bjhHpy; El;gf] ifnaLfs;
jahhpf;ft[k; bryt[ bra;ag]gLfpd;wJ.
mfpy ,e;jpa xU';fpize;j gUj;jp nkk;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;

,Jtiu 15/000 f;Fk; nkw;gl;l Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jply;fs; gUj;jpr]
rhFgo bjhHpy;El;g';fis tpsf;fp fhl;Ltjw;fhf bray;
gLj;jg]gl;Ls;sd. ,jd; \yk;/ 1996-y; 155 ,yl;rk; ngy; mst[ Mf ,Ue;j
ek;ehl;od; gUj;jp cw;gj;jpahdJ 2009 Mk; Mz;L 290 ,yl;rk; ngy;
msthf cah]e;Js;sJ.
xU';fpize;j g{r;rpf; fl;Lg;ghl;od; bray;tpsf;fk;

gUj;jpapy; cw;gj;jpj; jpwidf; Fiwf;Fk; gy;ntW fhuz';fspy;
g{r]rpfspd; jhf;Fjyhy; Vw;gLk; nrjhuk; xU kpf Kf;fpa fhuzkhFk;. ,ij
jtph] g ] g jw; f hf gUj; j p Muha; r ; r pahsh; f s; fz; l wpe; j xU rpwe; j
bjhHpy;El;gnk "xU';fpize;j g{r]rpf; fl;LghL". ,j; bjhHpy;El;gj;ij
cHth]fsplk;; gug;g[tjw;fhf ,e;j mqFKiw ifahsg]gl;L tUfpd;wJ.
,jd;\yk; me;je;j gFjpfSf;nfw;w xU';fpize;j g{r]rpf;fl;Lghl;Lj;
bjhHpy;El;g';fis mwptpayhshf ] s; cHthf ] spd; epy';fspy; bra;J
fhl;o tUfpd;wdh;. xU a{dpl; bray; tpsf;fkhdJ 50 vf;nlh] epyg]gug]gpnyh
my;yJ Ie;J ,l';fspy; 10 vf;nlh] epyg]gug]gpnyh bra;Jfhl;lg]gLfpd;wJ.
gp.o. gUj;jp tPhpa xl;L tiffs; gaphplg]gLk; ,l';fspy;/ rhW
cwp";Rk; g{r]rpfs;/ kw;wg] g{r]rpfisf; fl;Lg]gLj;Jk; bra;KiwfSk; bra;J
fhl;lg]gLfpd;wd. ,j; jpl;lj;ijr] bray;gLj;j xU a{dpl; bray;
tpsf;fj;jpw;F +.1/00/000/- murh';fk; mspf;fpd;wJ. ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; \yk;/
gUj;jpr] rhFgo bra;a[k; cHth]fSf;F gUj;jpiaj; jhf;Fk; g{r;rpfisg]
gw;wpa tpHpg;g[zh;t[k; mtw;iw fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfisg; gw;wpa mwpt[k;
Vw; g l; L s; s d. ehL KGtJk; gUj; j piaj; jhf; F k; g{r] r pfisf;
kyh] - 2 20 ,jH;; - 2
fl;Lg]gLj;Jtjw;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; kUe;Jfspd; vz;zpf;ifa[k; Kl;L

tHpr] bryt[k; fzprkhd Kiwapy; Fiwe;Js;sd.
gz;izf; fUtpfspd; bray;tpsf;fk;

,d;iwa fhy NH;epiyapy; jkpH;ehl;oYk;/ ,e;jpahtpd; kw;w
gFjpfspYk; cHth]fs; gUj;jpr] rhFgoiaj; jtph]g]gjw;fhd fhuzk;
ntiyahl;fspd; gw;whf;Fiwa[k; ntiyahl;fSf;fhd mjpfgoahd Typ
bryt[khFk;. ,g] gpur]ridiar] rkhspf;f gUj;jp Muha;r]rp epWtd';fs;
rpW rpW gz;izf; fUtpfisf] fz;lwpe;Js;sd. mitfis cHth]
fSf;F mwpKfg]gLj;jnt ,e;j mqFKiw. ,jpy; xU a{dpl; bray;
tpsf;fk; 25 vf;nlh] epyg]gug]gpy; bra;ag]gLfpd;wJ. xU a{dpl; bray;
tpsf;fj;jpw;F murh';fk; +. 1/00/000/- tH';FfpwJ. ,jpy; +. 95/000/-
bray;tpsf;fj;ij bra;a[k; Muha;r]rp epWtdk; gUj;jpr] rhFgof;F
njitahd gz;izf; fUtpfis th';fp bfhs;syhk;. kPjKs;s +. 5000/-
gad;gLj;jp mwptpayhsh;fs; th';fpa fUtpfis cHth]fSf;F bra;J
fhl;lyhk;. rpy ,l';fspy; cHth] Ra cjtpf; FGf;fs; bray;gl;L
tUfpd;wd. ,f; FGf;fSf;F gz;izf; fUtpfis bfhLg]gjd; \yKk;
gz;izf; fUtpfspd; gad;ghl;il cHth]fsplk; mjpfhpf;f Koa[k;.
,j;jpl;lj;jpd; \yk; mnef gz;izf; fUtpfisg; gw;wp gUj;jpr] rhFgo
bra;a[k; cHth]fs; tpHpg;g[zh;t[ mile;J tUfpd;wdh].
gUj; j p cw; g j; j pj; jpwd; Fiwthf ,Ug] g jw; F bghJthf

cHth]fshy; brhy;yg]gLk; fhuzk; gUj;jpr] rhFgog; gw;wpa bjhHpy;
El;g';fspy; g[jpa fz;Lg;gpog;g[fs; bjhpatpy;iy vdyhk;. Mdhy;/
murh';fk; g[jpa bjhHpy;El;g';fis cHth]fsplk; bfhz;L bry;tjw;Fk;
mtw;iwf; filg;gpof;f itf;ft[k; ,e;j "Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jpl;lk;"
nghd;W gy;ntW ntshz; tphpthf;fj; jpl;l';fis ehbl';Fk; bray;gLj;jp
tUfpd;wJ. gUj;jpr] rhFgo bra;a[k; cHth]fs; j';fis/ tphpthf;fg;
gzpahsh]fs;/ mwptpayhsh]fs; ,Jnghd;w jpl;l';fspy; g';nfw;f
miHf; F k; nghJ ja'; f hky; g'; n fw; W / mth] f s; brhy; Y k;
bjhHpy;El;g';fisf] filg]gpoj;J gUj;jp rhFgo bra;jhy;/ gUj;jp
cw;gj;jpapy; cyfstpy; Kjyplj;ijg] gpoj;J tpLk; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.
kyh] - 2 21 ,jH;; - 2
cHth; FGf;fSk; thlif Kiw gz;izf;fUtpfSk;

Kidth; K. Kj;jkpH;r;bry;td;/
Kidth; r. n$f;fg;/ f. mz;zhkiy
kj;jpa ntshz; bghwpapay; epWtdk;
kz;ly epiyak;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
ehl;od; jw;nghija czt[ cw;gj;jpia vjph]tUk; 2020Mk;

Mz;ow;Fs; ,Ukl';fhf cah]j;j ntz;oa epiyapYs;nshk;. ,jid
vl;Ltjw;F ntshz; fUtpfspd; g';fspg;g[ kpft[k; njit. ntshz;
,ae;jpu';fspd; gad;ghL mjpfkhf cs;s g";rhg]/ mhpahdh khepy';fs;
czt[ cw;gj;jpapy; ehl;onyna Kd;ndho khepy';fshf cs;sd. nkYk;
ntiyahl;fspd; gw;whf;Fiw ehSf;F ehs; bgUfp tUk; ,r;NHypy;
ntshz; ,ae;jpu';fspd; gad;ghL ,d;wpaikahj jhfpwJ.
ehL Rje;jpukile;jjpypUe;J ntshz; cw;gj;jpapYk; ntshz;
fUtpfs; fz; L gpog; g pYk; gad; g hl; o Yk; gy kl'; F Kd; n dw; w k;
mile;Js;nshk;. MapDk; ntshz; cw;gj;jpf;F kpf Kf;fpa vLnfhyhf
tps';Fk; ,ae;jpu';fs; gz;izfspy; vjph]ghh]j;j mst[ gad;ghl;oy;
,y;yhky; ,Ug]gjw;F Kf;fpa fhuzk; mtw;wpd; tpiyahFk;. 78 tpGf;fhL
rpW FW cHth]fisf; bfhz;l ek; ehl;oy; gy ,yl;r +gha; kjpg;gpyhd
,ae;jpu';fis xU jdp egh] th';fpg; gad;gLj;JtJ vd;gJ rhj;jpakpy;yhj
xd;W. mg;gona th';fpdhYk; jdJ epyj;jpy; gad;gLj;jpa gpwF Mz;L
KGtJk; mt;tpae;jpuj;jpid gad;gLj;jhky; ,Ug]gjhy; kpFe;j
bghUspHg;g[ Vw;gLk;. Mfnt cHth]fs; rp[yh] Tl;lhfr] nrh]e;J ,J nghd;w
bghpa ,ae;jpu';fis tpiyf;F th';fp j';fs; epy';fspYk; Rw;Wg;g[wj;J
tpis epy';fspYk; thlif Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jpdhy; tUtha; gy kl';F
bgUFk;.
rpwpa tpiy Fiwe;j fUtpfis th']FtJ vspJ vd;whYk;
mWtil/ fjpuoj;jy; nghd;w gzpfisr] bra;aty;y ,ae;jpu';fspd;
tpiyfs; rw; W mjpfkhfnt cs; s d. gy ehLfspy; ntshz;
,ae;jpukakhf;fy; btw;wpa[ld; tPWeil nghl;Lf;bfhz;oUf;Fk; neuj;jpy;
,ae;jpu';fisg] gad;gLj;jpdhny ntiy Ml;fSf;F ntiytha;g]g[
gwpngha;tpLk; vd;w jtwhd vz;zk; ,e;jpahtpy; rpy Mz;LfSf;F
kyh] - 2 22 ,jH;; - 2
Kd; ò tiu ,Ue; J te; j J. Mdhy; mij í k; jhz; o ntshz;

,ae; j pu'; f shy; czt[ cw; g j; j pa[ k ; vjph; f hy kf; f s; bjhiff; F
<LbfhLf;ff; Toa czt[ cw;gj;jpj; jpwDk; - ,it vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; nky;
,ae;jpu';fisg; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; rhFgog] gug]g[ bgUFtJk;/ mjd;
thapyhf mjpfhpj; j rhFgoapdhy; tpis í k; bghUl; f isf;
ifahStjw; F k; , gjg; g Lj; j tjw; F k; re; i jg; gLj; J tjw; F k;
ntiyahl;fspd; njit gy kl';F mjpfhpj;jij g[s;sp tptu';fSld;
Muha;r]rpfs; gy fz;lwpe;jij cHth]fs; ,d;W mDgtj;jhy; xj;Jf;
bfhz;Ls;sdh].
thlif Kiwapy; ,ae;jpu';fisa[k;/ fUtpfisa[k; gad;gLj;Jk;
nghJ/ mtw;wpd; tUtha; kpft[k; mjpfhpj;J mf;fUtpf;Fr] brYj;jpa
\yjdj;ij kpff; FWfpa fhyj;jpnyna <l;otpl Koa[k; vd;gjhy; mjw;Fg]
gpwF fpilf; F k; thlifj; bjhif ,yhgf; fzf; f pnyna tUk; .
vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf/ xU RHy; fyg]igapid (Rotavator) thlif Kiwapy;
gad; g Lj; j pdhy; xnu Mz; o nyna mjd; tpiyf; F r; brYj; j pa
bjhifiaj; jpUk;gg] bgwyhk;. ,jdhy; Cufg] gFjp ,is"h]fSf;F ey;y
ntiy tha;g]g[k; tUkhdKk; bgUFk;.
,k;Kiwapy; ,ae;jpu';fis thliff;Ff; nfl;Fk; cHth]fspd;
njitfisa[k; gaph]/ epyk;/ fhy epiyfisa[k;/ Jy;ypakhf mwptpay;
Kiwapy; mqfp ghugl;rkpd;wp jpl;lkpl;L bray;gl;nlhkhdhy; kpfg]bgUk;
rthy;fisa[k; jhz;o gy ed;ikfisa[k; tUkhdj;ija[k; bgUf;f
,aYk;.
,k;Kiwapd; gad;fs;
 cHth]fs; Tl;lhf ,ae;jpu';fis th';Ftjhy; jdp egh] \yjdk;
Fiwthf ,Ue;jhny nghJkhdjhFk;.
 bghJthf jdpegh] itj;jpUg;gijtpl Tl;lhf thlif Kiwapy;

bray;gLk; ntshz; ,ae;jpu';fs; ey;y ,yhgj;jpy; ,a';Ftjhy;
mtw;wpd; ,a';Fk; jd;ika[k; rpwe;j Kiwapy; guhkhpf;fg]gLtJ
fz;TL.
 xU Fwpg;gpl;l ntiyf;F (cHt[/ elt[/ mWtil/ fjpuoj;jy;)

cyfj;jpnyna rpwe;j bghpa fUtpapid mjpf tpiy
bfhz;ljhapDk; th';f Koa[k;. khwhf mnj ntiyf;F rpwpa jukw;w
kyh] - 2 23 ,jH;; - 2
fUtpia th';Fk;nghJ mjd; bray;ghL tpHYf;F ,iwj;j ePuha;

MfptpLk;. thlif Kiwj; jpl;lj;ij btw;wpfukhfr] bray;gLj;jp
tUk; g";rhg;/ mhpahdh nghd;w khepy';fspy; cs;s ,ae;jpu';fspd;
msthdJ kpfg] bghpajhf ,Ug]gJ ,jw;Fr] rhd;W.
 ,ae; j pu'; f shy; tpisr; r y; bgUFtjhy; epyj; j pd; chpik

ahsUf;Fk;/ thlifj; jpl;lj;ijr] bray;gLj;Jk; cHth] FGtpw;F
tUtha; mjpfhpg;gjhy; mf;FGtpd; cWg]gpdh]fspd; thH;f;ifj;
juKk; caUk;.
 jdp egh] chpikahsuhf cs;s xU Mz;oy; bray;gLk; ehs;fs; kpf

kpff; Fiwt[. mjdhy; mtw;wpd; guhkhpg;g[r] bryt[ mjpfhpj;J gy
neu';fspy; el;lk; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,Jnt thlifj; jpl;l Kiwapy;
tplg] g Lk; n ghJ ,ae; j puk; bray; g Lk; ehs; f spd; vz; z pf; i f
mjpfhpg;gjhy; ,yhgk; bgUFk;.
 Ra cjtpf; FGf;fspd; \yk; ,j;jpl;lj;ijr] bray;gLj;j fUtpfis

th';Fk;nghJ t';fpf; flDjtpa[k; khdpaKk; vspjpy; fpilf;fpwJ.
,f;FGf;fSf;F mlkhdkpd;wp t';fpf; fld; bgw jpl;l';fs; gy
cs;sd.
 thlifj; jpl;lj;jpd; \yk; ehl;od; \iy KLf;FfspYs;s rpwpa

epy';fSf;F ntshz; ,ae;jpukakhf;fypd; gad; brd;wila[k;. ,jd;
thapyhf rpwpa epyk; itj;jpUg]nghUk; ,ae;jpukakhf;fypd; gaid
Efu Koa[k;.
rw;bwhg]g xU E}w;whz;lhf/ 1912 Mk; Mz;L ek; ehl;oy; g";rhgpy;
fjpuof;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpw;F mwpKfg]gLj;jg;gl;l ,e;j thlif Kiw mjd;
rPhpa bry; g hLfshy; gy; n tW ghpkhz'; f is mile; J jw; n ghJ
ep+gpf;fg]gl;l btw;wp Kiwahf cHth] kj;jpapy; tyk;
te;Jbfhz;oUf;fpwJ. ntshz; cw;gj;jpf;F ntshz; ,ae;jpu';fs;
tpj;jpLtJk; ntshz; ,ae;jpu';fspd; KGg] gaid ehL mila/ ,e;jpah
nghd;w tsUk; ehLfSf;F ,t;thlif Kiwj; jpl;lk; chpa Kiwahf
tps';FtJk; cyfk; fz;l cz;ik. ,j;jifa tpaj;jF ed;ikfisf;
bfhz;l thlif Kiwj; jpl;lj;jpid gy cHth]fs; Tl;lhfr] nrh]e;J
xw;Wika[ld; elj;jpdhy; tug]g[au ePh] cah]e;J/ bey; cah]e;J/ nfhd;
cah]e;J/ Fo caUk;!
kyh] - 2 24 ,jH;; - 2
kh kuj;jpy; fpisg; glh;t[ nkyhz;ik

(Canopy Management)
Kidth; j.e.ghynkhfd;/ rh.uh$Jiu/ bgh.nkfyh
gHj;Jiw
njhl;lf;fiyf] fy;Y}hp kw;Wk; Muha;r]rp epiyak;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
fpisg; glh;t[ guhkhpg;g[ / fthj;J

kh kuj;jpy; fpisg; glh]t[ nkyhz;ik my;yJ fthj;J
xt;bthU Mz;Lk; mWtil bra;j gpd; bra;a ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW
bra; t jhy; tUk; Mz; L f; F njitahd ,se; j sph] cw; g j; j pia
Cf;Ftpj;J tpisr]riyg] bgUf;f Koa[k;. Mz;LnjhWk; fthj;J
bra;tjhy; njhl;lj;jpid ed;F guhkhpf;f ,aYk;.
fthj;J bra;tjd; gad;fs; :
 kfNiy mjpfhpf;fyhk;
 bjhlhe
] ;J kfNy; bgwyhk;
 juj;ij epiy epWj;jyhk;
 fhw;nwhl;lk;/ R{hpa btspr]rk; bgWtjd; \yk;/ g{r;rp/ neha;

jhf;Fjiyf] Fiwf;fyhk;
 ku';fis mjpf ehl;fs; gyd; ju bra;a ,aYk;
 vspjhf mWtil bra;ayhk;
fpisg;glh]t[ nkyhz;ik
kh kuj;jpy; fpisg]glh]t[ nkyhz;ik vd;gJ mjd; bkhj;j fpisg]
gug]igr] rhptu guhkhpg]gnj MFk;. ,jd; \yk; ey;y jukhd gH';fisg]
bgWtnjhL kl;Lkpy;yhky; mjpf tpisr;riyf; Fiwe;j brytpy;
bgwyhk;. bghJthf fpisg;glh;t[ nkyhz;ikf] Fsph]g; gpunjr gaph]fshd
Mg]gps;/ gpsk;!;/ nghpf;fha; nghd;wtw;wpy; bra;ag;gl;L bghpjst[
kyh] - 2 25 ,jH;; - 2
gpd;gw;wg;gl;L tUfpwJ. vdpDk; kh nghd;w btg;g/ kpj btg;g kz;ly

gaph]fspy; ,j;jifa fpisg;glh;t[ Muha;r;rpfs; jw;nghJ jhd; KLf;fp
tplg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;jpahtpYk; Vida ehLfspy; fpisg;glh]t[ Muha;r]rpfs;
jw; n ghJ nkw; b fhs; s g; g l; L tUfpd; w d. ,j; j ifa fpisg; g lh] t [
nkyhz;ik mlh] elt[ Kiwfspy; Kf;fpa g';F tfpf;fpwJ. vdnt/
cHth]fs; kh kur; rhFgoia yhgfukhf bra;a fthj;J/ fpis glh]t[
nkyhz;ik bjhlh]e;J nkw;bfhs;StJ mtrpak;.
tpisr]ry; ghjpg;g[ bghJthf tajhd bghpa kh ku';fspy; gutyhf

fhzg;gLk;. Vbddpy;/ tajhd ku';fspd; fpisfs; beUf;fkhft[k;
tYtpHe;Jk; fhzg]gLk;. vdnt mjpf tpisr;ry; fpilg;;gjpy;iy.
beUf;fkhf cs;s fpisfis mfw;wptpl;L Mnuhf;fpakhd fpisfis
kl;Lk; tsu mDkjpf;f ntz;Lk;. ,jd; \yk; Nhpa btspr]rk;/ fhw;W
cs;ns cs;s fpisfSf;Ff; fpilj;J kuk; ed;whf tsh]e;J g{f;fs; g{j;J
fha; gpof;f VJthfpwJ.
kuj;jpd; taJ/ fpisg;glh;it bghWj;J khkuj; njhl;l';fis

\d;W tiffshfg] gphpf;fyhk;. mit :
 ,se;njhl;lk; - 5 Kjy; 10 Mz;Lfs; tiu
 ed;F tpisr;ry; juf;Toa njhl;lk; - 10 Kjy; 25 Mz;Lfs;
 tajhd/ cw;gj;jp Fiwthft[s;s njhl;lk; - 26 Mz;LfSf;F

nkyhf cs;s ku';fs;
fthj;J bra;a[k; fhyk;

mWtilf;F gpwF - $Pd; Kjy; Mf!;l;.
fthj;J bra;tjw;F bghJthd ghpe;Jiu

 fha;g;g[ Koe;j fpisfspd; Edpiaf] fps;StJ
 fha;e;j/ FWf;Fk; beLf;Fkhf cs;s fpisfis mfw;WtJ
 g{r]rp/ neha; jhf;fg;gl;l fpisfis mfw;WtJ
kyh] - 2 26 ,jH;; - 2
,se;njhl;lk; fthj;J Kiw

 Th] i kahdf] fj; j piaf] bfhz; L njhy; gFjpapy; fhak;
Vw;glhjthW FWf;Fk; beLf;Fkhd fpisfis btl;l ntz;Lk;.
 kh kuj;jpd; eLtpy;/ nky;nehf;fp tsh;e;j xhpU fpisfis
btl;Ltjd; \yk; Nhpa btspr]rk; CLUt VJthf ,Uf;Fk;.
nkYk; tsh]r]rpa[k; kl;Lg;gl;L gue;J tsu VJthFk;.
 kuj; j pd; cs; gFjpapy; / mjid mLj; j jz; L g; g Fjpapy;
fhzg;gLk; njitaw;w fpisfis mfw;w ntz;Lk;.
 mjpf Jsph]tpLk; Edpf;fpisfspy; jplfhj;jpukhd ,uz;L
my;yJ \d;W fpisfis tpl;L kPjKs;s Jsph]fis ePf;fp
tplt[k;.
 Edpfis btl;o vLg;gjd; \yk; mjpf fpisfs; cw;gj;jpia
Cf;Ftpf;fyhk;.
 bghJthf 25 - 30 rjtpfpj fle;j tUl fpisfis ePf;f ntz;Lk;.
tpisr;ry; juf;Toa njhl;lk;

 eLg]gFjpapy; ,Ue;J tsh]e]j xd;W (m) ,uz;L nky; nehf;fp
tsh] e ] j fpisfisf] Fiwg; g jd; \yk; kuj; j pd; cauk;
Fiwf;fg]gLtnjhL kl;Lkpy;yhky;/ Nhpa btspr]rk; cs;ns
fpisfSf;F fpilj;J/ xspr;nrh]f;if vspjhf eilbgWfpwJ.
 kuj; j pd; cs; gFjpapy; / mjid mLj; j jz; L g; g Fjpapy;
fhzg;gLk; njitaw;w fpisfis mfw;w ntz;Lk;.
 Edpf;fpisfspy; jplfhj;jpukhd ,uz;L/ \d;W fpisfis tpl;L
kPjKs;s Jsph]fis ePf;fp tplt[k;.
 fpisfis btl; L k; nghJ mjd; gl; i lfSf; F r] nrjk;
Vw;glhjthW fpisapd; mog;ghfj;jpy; nyrhd btl;L bfhLj;J
gpd; mfw;w ntz;Lk;.
 fha; gpoj;j kh ku';fspy; fpisg;glh]t[ nkyhz;ik bra;a[k; nghJ
25 rjtPj fle;j tUl tsh]r]rpia ePf;Ftjd; \yk; kPjKs;s
fpisfspd; tsh]r]rpia Cf;Ftpf;fyhk;.
kyh] - 2 27 ,jH;; - 2
tajhd / cw;gj;jp ,y;yh njhl;lk;

 fha;g]gpof;Fk; jd;ikiaj; bjhlh]e]J ftdpj;J tUtjd; \yk;
fz;lwpayhk;.
 ku';fspy; njitaw;w gf;f fpisfis ePf;f ntz;Lk;.
 eLg]gFjpapy; ,Ue;J tsh;e;j xd;W (m) ,uz;L nky; nehf;fp

tsh; e ; j fpisfisf] Fiwg; g jd; \yk; kuj; j pd; cauk;
Fiwf;fg;gLtnjhL kl;Lkpy;yhky;/ Nhpa btspr;rk; cs;ns
fpisfSf;F fpilj;J/ xspr]nrh]f;if vspjhf eilbgWfpwJ.
 kuj;jpd; cs; gFjpapy; kw;Wk; mjid mLj;j jz;Lg;gFjpapy;

fhzg]gLk; njitaw;w fpisfis mfw;w ntz;Lk;.
 bghJthf 30-40 rjtPfpj tsh;r;rpia ePf;Ftjd; \yk; g[jpa

fpisfis Cf;Ftpj;J ey;y kfNy; bgwyhk;.
fthj;Jf;F gpe;ija gpd;bra; neh]j;jp

 xt;bthU fthj;J bra;ag;gl;l kuj;jpw;Fk;/ 2.5 fpnyh a{hpah/
6 fpnyh Ng;gh; gh!;ngl;/ 1.6 fpnyh bghl;lh#; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l
cu mst[fs; MFk;. nkw;bfhz;l ghpe;Jiuapy; miu mst[
a{hpah/ KG mst[ Ng;gh; gh!;ngl;/ miu mst[ bghl;lh#;
cu';fis gpg;uthp Kjy; khh]r] khj ,Wjpf;Fs; ,l ntz;Lk;. gpd;g[
njitahd mst[ ePh]g ;gha;r]r ntz;Lk;.
 fthj;J bra;j gpd;g[ kPjKs;s cuj;ij ,l ntz;Lk;.
 ku';fisr] Rw;wp tl;lg;ghj;jpfis mikj;J/ cu';fisf]

bfhLf; f ntz; L k; . mt; t hW cu'; f is kuj; j pd; jz; L g]
gFjpapypUe;J 1.5 kPl;lh] mst[/ tl;lg;ghj;jpf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l
gFjpapy; cu';fis ,l ntz;Lk;. ed;F kf;fpa bjhGcuk; (50
Kjy; 100 fpnyh / kuk; ) fthj;J bra;j gpd;dh] ,l ntz;Lk;.
 cu';fisf] bfhLg;gjw;F Kd;g[ mit bfhLf;f ntz;oa kw;w

cu';fnshL ed;whf fye;J kz;zpy; 15-20 br.kP MHj;jpy; ,l
ntz;Lk;.
kyh] - 2 28 ,jH;; - 2
»E ~l[ kVµÂçïß Äö>xD
¶>[ ¼\éVõç\ xçÅïÓD
Crp < g[G gUtk; Crp < Tl;Lg;g[G gUtk;
tsh;r;rpaile;j < gUtk; Crp < jhf;fg;gl;l gl;Lf;TLfs;
jhtu ,iyr;rhW
\Vs_ ïkVÝm \u®D þçá©Ã¦ú¡ ¼\éVõç\
(Canopy Management)
rhpahd Kiwapy; totikf;fg;gl;l kh kuk;
fthj;J bra]tjw]F Kd:g[ fthj;J bra:j gpd:g[

ïkVÝm \u®D þçá©Ã¦ú¡ ¼\éVõç\ ØÄFB
c>¡D ïòsï^
ÃòÝ]l_ »â¦ßÄÝm zçÅÃV|ï^
Jj;jehf FiwghL
kf;dPrpak; FiwghL
¼ïV.gú.¨ß ‡ 3 TöB Îâ| Øå_, sç> cuÃÝ]

ku thridg] gaph]fspy; g{r]rp nkyhz;ik

Kidth; k. fz;zd;/ Kidth; K. Mde;jd;
njhl;lf;fiy Muha;r]rp epiyak;
joad;Foir/ jpz;Lf;fy; khtl;lk; - 624 212
fpuhk;g[ (ir$prpak; mnuhnkl;ofk;)/ $hjpf;fha; (kphp!;of;fh

gpuhf;ud;!;)/ ,yt';fg;gl;il (rpd;dnkhk; tPuk;)/ rh]tRfe;jp (igbkz;lh
lnaha;fh) Mfpait Kf;fpa kuthridg] gaphf
] shFk;. ,e;jpahtpy;
kuthridg] gaph]fspd; rhFgo ,d;Dk; Muk;g epiyapnyna cs;sJ.
,e;jpahtpy;/ jkpH;ehL/ fh]ehlfk;/ nfusk; nghd;w khepy';fspy; rpW
mstpnyna kuthridg]gaph]r] rhFgo bra;ag]gLfpwJ. ,g] gaph]fspy; g{r]rp
jhf;Fjypdhy; Fiwe;j msnt nrjk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
1. fpuhk;igj; jhf;Fk; g{r;rpfSk; mjd; nkyhz;ika[k;
bghJthf/ fpuhk;igj; jhf;Fk; g{r]rpfs; Fiwthfnt cs;sd.
g{r]rpfs;
fphpf; b fl; g{r; r p/ brjpy; g{r] r pfs; / kuj; J isg; g hd; / ,iy
jpz; z pg; g [ G f; f s; Mfpait fpuhk; g [ r ; broiaj; jhf; F k; Kf; f pa
g{r]rpfshFk;.
fphpf;bfl;
ehw;w';fhypy; ,s';FUj;Jf;fisf; foj;J/ ,g]g{r]rpfs; nrjk;
tpistpf;Fk;. ,tw;iw 0.05 % fhh]ghpy; (m) ypz;nld; Jfs; fyitia
kz;zpy; Cw;Wtjd; \yk; fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
'rhg;l;' (Soft) brjpy; g{r;rpfs;
btsph; gGg;g[ epw';bfhz;l ,g; g{r;rpfs;/ rpW tot[ld; Tl;l';
Tl;lkha; ,Uf;Fk;. ,it ehw;w';fhypYk; el;l fpuhk;g[ brofspYk;
fhzg;gLk;. ,s';FUj;Jf;fisa[k;/ tsh]e;j broapd; ,iyfisa[k;
ghjpf;Fk;. ghjpf;fg;gl;l brofs; tho/ thl;lKw;Wf; fhzg]gLk;. ,tw;iw
khndhFnuhl;nlhgh!; 0.05% bjspj;J fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
kyh] - 2 29 ,jH;; - 2
kuj;Jisg;ghd;
,J fpuhk;g[ ku';fspd; eLj;jz;il tisj;J (Gridling) gpd;
Jisapl;L mjpy; EiHe;J fPH; ghfj;jpy; Jisj;Jr]] bry;Yk;. Jisiar]
Rw;wp/ kuj;J}Sk; g[Gtpd; fHpt[g; bghUl;fSk; fye;J TL nghyf;
fhzg]gLk;. ,Wjpapy; ,g]g[Gtpd; ghjpg]ghy; kuk; gl;Lg]ngha; tpLk;. g[G
btz;gGg;g[ (Creamy brown) epwj;Jld; fhzg;gLk;. ,g;g[Gtpd; Muk;gj;
jhf;Fjiy/ Fapdhy;gh!; 1 % kUe;ij/ g[G Jisj;j Xl;ilapy; Cw;wp/ gpd;
me; j Xl; i liag] g"; R bfhz; L ed; w hf \otpLtjd; \yk;
fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;. ypz;nld; 50% FHk;ig/ xU gpu#; bfhz;L kuj;jz;L kPJ/
Rkhh] xU kPl;lh] cauj;Jf;Fj; jltp tpLtjd; \yk;/ ,g;g[Gtpd;
jhf;Fjiyj; jtph]f;f ,aYk;.
,iyiaj; jpd;Dk; g[Gf;fs;

ehw;w';fhypy; jsph] ,iyfisf; foj;J/ brofSf;Fj; jP';F
tpistpf; F k; ,tw; i w Fapdhy; g h!; 0.05% kUe; J bjspj; J f;
fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
2. ,yt';fg;gl;iliaj; jhf;Fk; g{r;rpfs;

,yt';fg;gl;il tz;zj;Jg;g{r;rp
,yt';fg]gl;il kuj;jpid gy;ntW ,d tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rpfs;
jhf;Ffpd;wd. tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rpfshy; ek; gaph]fSf;F neuoahf ve;j
ghjpg]g[k; ,y;iy. Mdhy; mtw;wpd; ,sk; gUt epiyahd g[Gf;fshy; kuk;/
bro/ bfhofs; jhf;fg]gl;L ghjpg]g[f;F cs;shfpd;wd.
gl;il kuj;jpidj; jhf;Fk; Kf;fpa g{r]rpahd ,J Fwpg;ghf bjd;
,e;jpah/ ,y';if gFjpfspy; gutp cs;sJ. ,jd; rpwpa g[Gf;fs; g[jpajhf
btsptUk; jsph;fisa[k;/ tsh]e;j g[Gf;fs; ,sk; ,iyfisa[k; cz;L
nrjg]gLj;Jfpwd. jhf;fg]gl;l kuj;jpy; ,iyfspd; eLnt cs;s euk;g[
kl;Lnk v";rpapUf;Fk;. ,jdhy; kuj;jpd; bghJthd tsh]r]rp Fiwe;J/
fpisfspd; gUkd; rpwpajhfp tpLk;. mg;nghJ gl;il cwpf;f VJthf
,y;yhjJld; juk; Fiwe;j gl;ilfs; fpisfspypUe;J fpilf;Fk;.
,e;j tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rpfs; bghJthf kzw; gh';fhd gFjp/ ePnuhil/
fhy;tha; nghd;w ,l';fspy; gwe;J bfhz;oUf;Fk;. gUt kiH bghHpa[k;
kyh] - 2 30 ,jH;; - 2
Mf!;l; khj';fspy; ,jd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. gl;ilia jtpu

rhiy Xu epHy; ku';fisa[k;/ bfhofisa[k; ,jd; g[Gf;fs; jhf;Fk;.
tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rpapd; cly; bts;is epw g[s;spfSld; bty;btl; gGg]g[
epwkhf ,Uf;Fk;. Kd; ,wf;ifapd; moapy; mHfhd thpirahf bts;is
epw g[s;spfs; ,Uf;Fk;. mnjnghy; gpd; ,wf;ifapYk; ePs; tot g[s;spfs;
,Uf;Fk;.
bgz; g{r]rpfs; jdpj;jdp Kl;ilfis ,sk; ,iyfspd; nky;
my;yJ fPH;g[wk;/ jz;L/ ,iyf;fhk;g[ Mfpatw;wpy; ,Lfpd;wd. rpwpa
Kl;ilfs; tl;lkhf/ k";rs; epwKld; njhd;Wk;. Rkhh; 3-5 ehspy; ,jpypUe;J
,sk; g[Gf;fs; btsptUk;. g[Gg]gUtk; Ie;J epiyfis cilaJ. ,e;j
epiyfspy; ,jd; tz;zk; btt;ntwhf ,Uf;Fk;. Kjy; epiy g[G fUg]g[
epwj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;. gpd; mJ tsh]e;J ehd;fhk; epiy mila[k;nghJ gf;f
nfhLfs; kiwe;J Kj;J epw bts;isg] g[s;spfs; ,uz;L thpirapy;
njhd;Wk;. mg;nghJ cly; KGtJk; k";rshf khwptpLk;. gpd;dh] filrp
epiyapy; g[Gf;fs; ,s";rptg;g[ gGg;g[ epwKld; njhd;Wk;. ,jd;gpd;
cz;gij epWj;jptpl;L Tl;Lg]g[Gthf khWk;. ,e;j Tl;Lg]g[G E}yhy;
fl;lg]gl;lJnghy; ,uz;L E}ypiHfs; cly;/ kuj;jpd; jz;L gFjpiar]
nrh]f;Fk;. Rkhh] 11-13 ehspy; ,jpypUe;J tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rp btsptUk;. bkhj;j
tsh]r]rp gUtk; Rkhh] xU khjk; mFk;.
,aw;ifapy; blypndhk!; hPk!; vd;Dk; xl;Lz;zp ,g] g{r]rpiaf;

fl;Lg]gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
ePy tz;zj;Jg;g{r;rp
@g]S ghl;ly; vd;wiHf;fg]gLk; ,it kpf mHfhf vHpy; kpF
njhw;wKld; fhzg]gLk;. Mdhy; ,jd; g[Gf;fs; ,iyfis cz;L kuj;jpd;
tsh]r]rpiaf] Fiwe;J tpLfpd;wd. ,e;j tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rp <uk; eide;j
kzy; gFjpfspy; M'; f h'; n f gwe; J bfhz; o Uf; F k; . ,jd; Kd;
,wf;ifapy; vkuhy;l; gr]ir epw g[s;spfs; ,Uf;Fk;. Kd;thpir g[s;spfs;
rpwpajhft[k; gpd;g[wk; mJ bghpajhft[k; ,Uf;Fk;. gpd; ,wf;if ePyk; fye;j
gr]ir epwKld; Kidg] gFjpapy; bts;is epwj;Jld; fhzg]gLk;. ,jd;
,wf;if Rkhh] 75-90 kp.kP. ePsKilaJ. mjdhy; ,jd; gwf;Fk; jpwd;
mjpfkhf cs;sJ. bgz; g{r;rpfs; ,iyapd; gpd;g[wk; rpwpa/ k";rs; epw
kyh] - 2 31 ,jH;; - 2
cUz;il Kl;ilfis ,Lfpd;wd. ,jpypUe;J MW ehspy; btsptUk;

,sk;g[Gf;fs; Kl;fSld; rhk;gy; epwj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;. gpd; gr]ir epwkhf khwp
gf;fthl;oy; k";rs; epw nfhL njhd;Wk;. ed;F tsh]e;j g[Gf;fspd; Kd;g[wk;
,uz;L n$ho rpwpa Kl;fSk; fhzg;gLk;. ,e;j n$ho Kl;fspd; ,ilna
k";rs;nfhL clypd; filrp tiu fhzg]gLk;. ,iyfspd; gpd;g[wk; Rkhh] 31
ehspy; Tl;Lg]g[Gthf khwptpLk;. ,f] Tl;Lg]g[Gtpy; Kd;g[wk; Tuhd Ks;
xd;W ,Uf;Fk;. Rkhh] 20 ehspy; ,jpypUe;J mHfhd tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rp
btspna tUk;. ,jd; bkhj;j thH;f;if RHw;rp 57-60 ehl;fs; MFk;.
,e;j tif tz;zj;Jg;g{r;rpfs; td ku';fspy; fhzg]gLfpwd.
jz;L kw;Wk; ,iy gpizf;Fk; g[G
,e;j g[Gf;fs; ,iyfisj; jz;Lld; gpd;d itj;jgpd; mjDs;
,Ue;J bfhz;L ,iyfisr] RUl;o/ Ruz;o cz;fpd;wd. btsph]g] gr]ir
epwKld; njhd;Wk; ,g;g[Gf;fs; rpye;jp tiy nghd;W E}yhk;gilahy;
tsUk; jz;Lfisa[k; ,s';fpisfisa[k; ,izj;J tpLk;. ,g] g[Gf;fs;
ifahy; bjhl;lt[ld; bespe;J btspr]rkpy;yhj ,lj;ijj; njo bry;Yk;.
,jd; KG thH;f;if RHw;rpa[k; me;j gpd;dg;gl;l tiyapy; Koe;J tpLk;.
gGg]g[ epw Tl;Lg]g[G bghd;epw tiyfSld; fhzg]gLk;. Rkhh; xU thuj;jpy;
,jpypUe;J tz;zj;Jg]g{r]rp btspna tUk;. gGg]g[ epw g{r]rpapd; Kd;
,wf;ifapy; gGg]g[ epw g[s;spfs; ,Uf;Fk;. khkuj;jpy; njhd;Wk; jz;L/
,iy RUl;Lg]g[Git nghy; ,yt';fg]gl;ilapYk; fhzg]gLfpwJ.
fk;gspg; g[Gf;fs;
fhgp/ nuh$h/ Mkzf;F/ Jtiu/ fy;ahzKU';if Mfpa
brofspy; fhzg]gLk; lhrpf;fpuh bkz;nlhrh vdg;gLk; fk;gspg]g{r]rpa[k;/
Mkzf;F/ gUj;jp/ khJis/ nuh$h/ kh/ nghpf;fha;/ Vyf;fha; brofspy;
fhzg]gLk; a[g;uhf;o!; gpuhlh]dh vd;w fk;gspg{r]rpa[k; jsph]/ ,iyfs;/
Kw;wpa ,iyfis Mf!;l;/ ork;gh] khj';fspy; cz;L btFthf nrjk;
tpistpf;fpd;wd. ,g] g[Gf;fspd; KJFfspy; fUg]g[/ bts;is epw';fspy;
Kof;bfhj;Jfs; bjd;gLfpd;wd.
,iyj; Jisg;ghd;
vYkpr]irapy; njhd;Wk; ,iyj; Jisg]ghd;/ ,yt';fg]gl;il
kyh] - 2 32 ,jH;; - 2
,iyj; Jisg]ghd; jsph] ,yt';fg]gl;il ,iyfspy; bjd;gLfpd;wd.

,jd; jhf;Fjypdhy; ,iyfs; RU';fpf] fhzg]gLfpd;wd. bjd;nkw;F gUt
fhy';fspy; ,g] g{r]rpfs; mjpfstpy; bjd;gLfpd;wd. bjd; gHep kiyfspy;
gpy;nyhf;dp!;o!; fpiunrhf;blhyhkh vdg;gLk; xU ,iyj; Jisg;ghd;
g{r]rpa[k; bjd;gLfpd;wJ.
rhW cwp";Rk; g{r;rpfs;

rhW cwp";Rk; g{r;rpfspy; mRtpzp/ jj;Jg;g{r]rp/ bkGF g{r]rpfs;
ml';Fk;. ,sk; ,iyfspy; cs;s rhw;iw cwp";Rtjhy; ,iyfs; gGg]g[
epwkile;J rpy rkak; cjph]e;J tpLk;. rpy;ypl; vdg;gLk; gwf;Fk;
mRtpzpahy; ,iyfspy; Kl; i l Kl; i lahd mk; i k nghd; w
bfhg]g[s';fs; njhd;Wk;. mjd; njd; nghd;w vr]rj;jpdhy; fUg;g[ epw
Nl;onkhy;l; g{";rhzk; njhd;Wk;. Mdhy; ,jdhy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;g[/ gf;f
tpist[fs; kpft[k; Fiwnt MFk;.
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs;
g[Gf;fs;/ mjd; Tl;Lg]g[Gf;fisr] nrfhpj;J mHpj;J tpLtJ rpwe;j
KiwahFk;. gl;il kuk; vd;gjhy; ,jw;F kUe;J bjspf;f ntz;Lbkdpy;
g{r;rp kUe;J mjpfk; njitg]gLk;. nkYk; bjspf;Fk;nghJ mjd; cl;g[wk;
cs;s fpis/ ,iyfspy; gLkhW bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
tz;zj;Jg;g{r]rpapd; nkw;Twpa g[Gf;fshy; mjpfkhf nrjhuk;
fhzg]gl;lhy; Fapdhy;gh!; 20 kpy;ypia gj;J ypl;lh] ePhpy; fye;J uhf;fh]
bjspg]ghd; bfhz;L bjspf;fyhk;. bghJthf ,g] g[Gf;fSf;F ,aw;if
vjphpfshd blypndhk!; / bll; u h!; o f; ! ; / mg; g hd; l hy!; nghd; w
xl;Lz;zpfs; mjpfkhf fhzg]gLfpd;wd.
,e;jg; g{r;rpfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;LKiw

,se;jsph] tpLk; fhyj;jpy; mjhtJ $^d; - $^iy khj';fspYk;
my;yJ brg;lk;gh]/ mf;nlhgh] khj';fspy; ntg;bgz;bza; fiury; 3 rjk;
my;yJ ntg]gk;g[z;zhf;F fiury; 5 rjk; bjspg;gjpdhy; ,g;g{r]rpfisf]
fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;. mjpfstpy; g{r]rpfs; bjd;gLk; bghGJ Ftpdy;gh!;
my;yJ nkhndhFnuhnlhgh!; ypl;lUf;F 2kp.yp. vd;wstpy; bjspg;gjpdhy;
fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
kyh] - 2 33 ,jH;; - 2
rpfg;g[j; jz;Lj;Jisg;ghd;
rpa{b#uh fhgpna vd;wiHf;fg;gLk; njapiy/ fhgp/ Mu";R/ njf;F
jz; L j; Jisg] g hd; ,yt'; f g; g l; i lapYk; fhzg] g LfpwJ. Muk; g
epiyapy; ,sk; thJfs; fha;e;J bjd;gLk;. fha;e;j thJfspy; xd;W
my;yJ ,uz;L Xl;ilfSk; mjpypUe;J btsptUk; g{r]rpapd; vr]rKk;
bjd;gLk;.
fha;e;j thJfis cldoahf mg;g[wg]gLj;Jtjpdhy; ,g] g{r]rpapd;

jhf;Fjiyf; Fiwf;fyhk;. btl;lg;gl;l ,lj;jpYk; kuj;jpy; fhak; gl;l
,lj;jpYk; ignlhnshd; my;yJ nghh]nlh fyitiaj; jlt[tJ mtrpak;.
vdpDk; ,g; g{r]rpapd; jhf;Fjy; Fiwe;jstpnyna fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
g{r]rpapdhy; Vw;gl;l Xl;ilapDs; bry;gh!; kUe;ij itj;J Xl;iliaf;
fhw;W g[fhjthW milj;jplyhk;. xU kuj;jpw;F 1-1.50 kpy;yp mst[f;fhd
nkhndhFnuhl;nlhgh!; g{r]rpf] bfhy;ypia Crpapdhy; brYj;JtjpdhYk;
,g] g{r]rpiaf] fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
3. $hjpf;fhapy; g{r;rp nkyhz;ik

$hjpf;fhapy; g{r;rpfs; Fiwt[. ,iyfspy; cs;s rhw;wpid
cwp";Rk; kht[g] g{r]rpfis/ g{r]rpj; jhf;Fjy; mjpfkhf bjd;gLk;nghJ
nkhndhFnuhl;nlhgh!; my;yJ bkl;lhrp!;lhf;!; vd;w kUe;Jfspy;
xd;iw 1 ypl;lh] jz;zPUf;F 1 kp.yp. vd;w tpfpjj;jpy; fye;J bjspf;f
ntz;Lk;.
4. rh;t Rfe;jpapy; g{r;rp nkyhz;ik

rh]t Rfe;jpapy; mjpfkhf g{r]rpfspd; jhf;Fjy; ,y;iy. rpy rkak;
,sk; ,iyfspy; njapiyf] bfhRtpd; (Tea Mosquito) jhf;Fjiyf;
fhzyhk;. g{r]rpj; jhf;Fjy; mjpfkhf bjd;gLk;nghJ kl;Lnk rpghhpR
bra;ag]gl;l g{r]rp bfhy;ypfshd nkyj;jpahd; my;yJ bkl;lhrp!;lhf;!;
my;yJ ilkPj;njhnal; ypl;lUf;F 1 kpy;yp vd;w mstpy; bjspj;J
,f;bfhRf;fisf] fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. ,iyfisr] rhFgo bra;tjw;F xU
khjj;jpw;F Kd;g[ kl;Lnk ,g]g{r]rp bfhy;ypfisg] gad;gLj;jyhk;.
kyh] - 2 34 ,jH;; - 2
jhtu E}w;g[Gf;fspd] xU';fpize;j nkyhz;ik

Kiwfs;
Kidth] gh. btw;wpnty;fhis/ Kidth] r. Rg;gpukzpad;/
Kidth] V. I. n$hdhj;jhd;
njhl;lf;fiy Muha;r]rp epiyak;/ bfhilf;fhdy;
E}w;g[Gtpay; Jiw/ gaph] ghJfhg;g[ ikak;
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
ekJ ehL czt[ jhdpa cw;gj;jpapy; jd;dpiwt[ bgw;W ,Ug]gpDk;

kf; f s; bjhif bgUf; f j; j pw; F ,izahf ntshz; cw; g j; j pia
mjpfhpg;gjpy;; gy;ntW ,lh]ghLfs: cs;sd. mtw;Ws; g{r]rpfs;/ neha;fs;/
E}w;g[Gf;fs; cHth]fSf;F kpfg;bghpa rthyhf ,Uf;fpwd. ,tw;wpy;
E}w; g [ G f; f spd; jhf; F jy; bghJthf Fiwj; n j kjpg; g plg; g LfpwJ.
Vbdd;why; ,e;E}w;g[Gf;fs; mstpy; kpft[k; rpwpaJk;/ fz;qf;F
g[ y g; g lhjJk; nkYk; ,jd; jhf; F jiy vspjpy; mwpe; J bfhs; s
KoahjJkhFk;.
cyf mstpy; jhtu E}w;g[Gf;fs; kl;Lk; 12.3 rj tpisr]ry;
,Hg;gpid Vw;gLj;Jfpwd. ,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lk; ntshz; cw;gj;jpapy;
ruhrhpahf Mz;blhd;wpw;F Rkhh] +. 2106 nfho mstpy; bghUshjhu
,Hg]gpid jhtu E}w;g[Gf;fs; Vw;gLj;Jtjhf ,e;jpa ntshz; Muha;r]rp
fHfj;jpd; fPH; bray;gLk; mfpy ,e;jpa xU';fpize;j E}w;g[G Muha;r]rp
jp;l;l Ma;tpy; fz;lwpag;gl;Ls;sJ. bghUshjhu Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgw;w
gaph]fspy; jhtu E}w;g[Gf;fs; Vw;gLj;Jk; nrj kjpg;gPLfs; ml;ltizapy;
bfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sd. ,it kl;Lkpy;yhky; vy;yh tifg] gaph]fspYk;;
kpFe; j nrjj; i j E}w; g [ G f; f s; cz; l hf; F fpd; w d. E}w; g [ G f; f is
Kw;wpYkhf mHpg;gJ fodk;. Vbddpy; ,iu brofs; taypy; ,y;yhj
fhy';fspYk; E}w;g[Gf;fs; btF fhyk; capnuhL ,Uf;Fk; jd;ik
cs;sit. vdnt E}w;g[Gf;fspd; jhf;Fjiy Muk;g epiyapnyna
fz;lwpe;J mtw;iw fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ kpft[k; mtrpakhFk;.
xU';fpize;j E}w;g[G nkyhz;ik Kiwfs;
ehw;w';fhy;
1. kz; btg;g \l;ly : Nhpa btg;gk; mjpfkhf cs;s khh]r; Kjy; $Pd;
khj';fspy; 8 fh$; gUkDs;s epwkw;w ghypjPd; bfhz;L 25-40
kyh] - 2 35 ,jH;; - 2
ehl;fSf;F \o itj;jy;.
2. E}w;g[Gf;fisj; jh';fp/ vjph]j;J tsUk; jd;ika[ila tiffisj;
njh]t[ bra;jy;
3. tpij neh]j;jp bra;jy: : xU fpnyh tpijf;F 10 fpuhk; Nnlhnkhdh!;
g[Surd;!; (m) 4 fpuhk; oiunfhblh]kh tphpo vd;w caphpdf;
fyitiag; gad;gLj;jy;
4. ehw;w';fhypy; nth] cl;g{rzj;ijr] rJukPl;lUf;F 100 fpuhk; tPjk;
,Ljy;
5. ehw; w '; f hypy; fhh; n gh@gpa{uhd; 3$p FUiz kUe; j pid
rJukPl;lUf;F 10 fpuhk; ,Ljy]
bghUshjhu Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgw;w gaph;fisj;
jhf;Fk; E}w;g[Gf;fs;
t. gaph]fs]nrjepiy ghjpg;g[ Vw;gLj;Jk; E}w;g[G
vz; (rjtPjk;)
:1. jl;ilg]gapW 27.30 nth]Kor;R/ bkhr]ir tot
E}w;g[G
2. jf;fhsp 27.21 nth;Kor]R E}w;g[G
3. epyf;fliy 21.60 nth;Kor]R E}w;g[G
4. rzy; 21.35 nth;Kor]R E}w;g[G
5. cUisf;fpH';F 20-40 Kl;ilf;TL/ nth]Kor]R
E}w;g[G
6. gl]lhzp 18.32 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
7. bfhz;lf;fliy 18.30 nth]Kor]R/ bkhr]irtot/
ntuGfy; E}w;g[G
8. bts;shp tiffs; 18.20 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
9. khJis 17.30 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
10. fj;jhp 16.67 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
11. ,"r ; p 14.50 nth]Kor]R/ ntuGfy; E}w;g[G
12. btz;il 14.10 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
13. Mkzf;F 13.93 bkhr;ir tot E}w;g[G
14. k"r; s; 13.70 nth]Kor]R/ bkhri ] rtot
E}w;g[G
15. kpsfha; 12.85 nth;Kor;R E}w;g[G
16. Jtiu 12.65 Kl;ilf;TL/ nth]Kor]R
E}w;g[G
kyh] - 2 36 ,jH;; - 2
t. gaph]fs] nrjepiy ghjpg;g[ Vw;gLj;Jk; E}w;g[G

vz; (rjtPjk;)
17. vYkpr;ir 12.60 vYkpr]ir E}w;g[G
18. thiH 12.30 nth]Kor]R/ Fila[k;/
ntuGfy;;/ RUs; tot/
Kl;ilf;TL E}w;g[G
19. bey; 10.54 nth]Kor]R/ bey;nth; E}w;g[G
20. nful; 10.00 nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
21. gPd]!; tiffs; nth]Kor]R E}w;g[G
22. cSe;J/ 8.90 nth]Kor]R/ Kl;ilf;TL/
ghrpg;gapW bkhri ] r tot E}w;g[G
23. gUj;jp 7.60 bkhr]irtot/ nth]Kor]R
E}w;g[G
24. kpsF 5.10 nth]Kor]R/ bkhri ] rtot
E}w;g[G
25. vs; 4.20 Kl;ilf;TL E}w;g[G
26. Vyf;fha; 3.50 nth]Kor]R/ bkhr;irtot
E}w;g[G
27. nfhJik 2.50 tpij Kor]R kw;Wk; Kl;ilf;TL
E}w;g[G
tay;btsp
1. nfhil cHt[
nfhilf;fhyj;jpy; taiy ,uz;L (m) \d;W Kiw MH cHt[
bra; t jhy; E}w; g [ G f; f spd; Kl; i lfs; / tsh] r ] r pa[ w h/ tsh] r ] r pa[ w ; w
E}w;g[Gf;fs; kz; nkw;gug;gpw;F bfhz;L tug]gl;L Nhpa btg]gj;jpdhy;
mHpf;fg]gLfpwd.
2. E}w;g[Gf;fisf] fth]e;jpGf;Fk; gaph]fs;
jl;ilg;gapiug] gaph]r] rhFgof;F Kd;g[ tpijj;J kz;zpYs;s
E}w;g[Gf;fs; mg;gapuhy; fth]e;jpGf;fg;gl;l gpwF xU khjj;jpw;Fs;
mg;g[wg]gLj;jyhk;.
3. E}w;g[Gf;fis mHpf;fty;y gaph]fs;
nfe;jp/ fLF nghd;w gaph]fspd; nth]gFjpapypUe;J btspg;gLk;
kyh] - 2 37 ,jH;; - 2
frpt[g;bghUl;fs; E}w;g[Gf;fis mHpf;fty;yJ. vdnt ,g;gaph;fis

CLgapuhf gaph] bra;tjd; \yk; E}w;g[Gf;fis btFthf fl;Lg]gLj;jyhk;.
4. taypy; ePiuj; njf;fp itj;jy;

ed;bra; epy';fspy; rhFgof;F Kd;ghf Rkhh; 3-6 khj';fs; ePiuj;
njf;fp itf;Fk;nghJ Vw;gLk; ntjpapay;/ Ez;qaph] khw;wj;jpdhy;
btspg]gLk; er]Rg]bghUl;fs; E}w;g[Gf;fis mHpf;Fk; jpwd; bgw;wit.
5. jhprhf tpLjy;
,uz;L gaph]fSf;F fhy ,il btspahf Rkhh] 2-3 khjj;jpw;F
taiyj; jhprhf tpLtjhy; E}w;gG
[ f;fs; ,iur; broapd;wp gl;odpahy;
,we;J mHpe;J tpLfpwd.
6. gaph]r]RHw;rp bra;jy;
jf; f hsp/ fj; j hp/ btz; i l nghd; w gaph; f isj; bjhlh; e ; J
gaphplhky; jhdpag; gaph]fisg] gaph]RHw;rp bra;jhy; E}w;g[Gf;fisf]
fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
7. gRe;jhs] gaph]fs;
bfhHp";rp/ rzg;ig/ fpnshprpoah nghd;w gaph]fisr] rhFgof;F
Kd;g[ jdpg]gapuhf tsh]j;J klf;fp cGJjhy; kz;zpYs;s m';ffg;
bghUl;fspd; mst[k; gaph]r]rj;Jk; mjpfhpj;J E}w;g[Gf;fSf;F vjph]g]g[j;
jd;ika[ila caphpd';fisg] bgUf;fp E}w;g[Gf;fisf] fl;Lg;ghl;ow;Fs;
itf;fpwJ.
8. jukhd ehw;Wf;fisj; njh;t[ bra;J eLjy;

E}w;g[Gf;fshy; jhf;fg;glhj/ jukhd tsh;r;rp mile;j ehw;Wf;
fisj; njh]t[ bra;J elntz;Lk;.
9. E}w;g[Gf; bfhy;ypfs;
jf; f hsp ehw; W f; f s; el î bra; j 15 ehl; f Sf; F gpwF
kyh] - 2 38 ,jH;; - 2
fhh]ngh@gpa{ulhd; 3$p FUiz kUe;jpid vf;lUf;F 33 fpnyh tPjk;

,Ltjhy; E}w;g[Gf;fs; kl;Lkd;wp jf;fhspiaj; jhf;Fk; rhW cwp";Rk;
g{r]rpfSk; fl;Lg]gLj;jgLfpwd.
10. gpz;zhf;F
ntg]gk; gpz;zhf;F/ Mkzf;Fg] gpz;zhf;F/ g[';fk; gpz;zhf;F/
fhl;lhkzf;F gpz;zhf;F nghd;wtw;wpy; VnjDk; xd;wpid 500 fpnyh
Kjy; 1 ld; tiu kz;zpy; ,Ltjhy; cz;lhFk; btg;gKk;/ rpy m';ff
mkpy';fSk; E}w;g[Gf;fis mHpf;fpd;wd.
11. m';ff cu';fs;
tpy';Ff; fHpt[fs; (rhz vU/ Ml;blU/ nfhHp vU/ kPd; fHpt[fs;)

gaph]fspd; fHpt[fs; (Kl;ilf;nfhR ,iyfs;/ a{fypg;l!; ,iyfs;/
md;dhrpf; fHpt[/ Mfhaj; jhkiu ,iy) bjhHpw;rhiyf;fHpt[fs;
(fUk;ghiyf; fHpt[/ njapiyf; fHpt[/ kuts;sp Miyf;fHpt[) nghd;wit
njitf;nfw;w mst[ ,Ltjhy; kz;zpd; jd;ika[k;/ Cl;lr]rj;Jk;
mjpfhpg;gJ kl;Lkpd;wp E}w;g[Gf;fisa[k; fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
12. caphpdf] fyitf] bfhy;ypfs;
xU vf;lUf;F 2.5 fpnyh Nnlhnkhdh!; g[Surd]!; caphpdf;

fyitia 50 fpnyh bjhG cuj;Jld; fye;J ,uz;L ehl;fSf;F epHypy;
itj;J fhiy/ khiy neu';fspy; ePh] bjspj;J gpd;dh] taypy; ,Ltjhy;
E}w;g[Gf;fisa[k; kz;zpd; \yk; gut[k; neha;fisa[k; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
E}w;g[Gf;fspd; jhf;Fjiyg] gw;wpa mwpa kz;/ nth] khjphpfis

vLj;J nrhjid bra;tJ kpft[k; mtrpak;. E}w;g[Gf;fspd; ghjpg;gpidf]
fz; l wpe; J mtw; i wf] fl; L g; g Lj; J k; Kiwfis mwpa jkpH; e hL
ntshz;ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; fPH; ,a';Fk;/ nfhak;g[j;J}h]/ jpUr]rp/
kJiu/ bghpaFsk;/ nkl;Lg]ghisak;/ fps;spFsk; cjfkz;lyk;/
bfhilf;fhdy;/ joad;Foir/ Vw;fhL/ jpz;otdk]/ tphp";rpg[uk;/ rpWfkzp
Muha;r]rp epiya';fspy; cs;s E}w;g[Gtpay; ty;Yeh]fis mqfyhk;.
kyh] - 2 39 ,jH;; - 2
gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g;igg] ghjpf;Fk; Crp <

nkyhz;ik Kiwfs]
,uh. rz;Kfk;/ nf. V. KUnf#;/ Kidth] rp. V. kfhyp';fk;
gl;Lg;g[Gtpay; Jiw
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfk;;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
Crp < vd;Dk; g{r]rp gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]gpy; bgUj;j nrjj;ij

Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. ,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lk; ,jd; ghjpg;g[ 50 rjtpfpjj;jpw;Fk; nky;
vdf; fzf;fplg;gl;Ls;sJ. vy;yh gUtf; fhy';fspYk; fhzg;gl;lhYk;
,it kiHf;fhy';fspy; mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLfpwd.
Crp <apd; thH;f;if

Crp < 14 Kjy; 18 ehl;fs; tiu caph] thGk;. ,jd; thH;ehs;
jl;gbtg]gepiyf;F Vw;wthW khWgLfpd;wJ. Crp <apd; thH;f;ifapy;
Kl;ilg;gUtk;/ g[Gg;gUtk;/ Tl;Lg;g[Gg;gUtk; tsh]r]rpaile;j < gUtk; vd
ehd;F Kf;fpa gUt';fs; cs;sd.
Kl;ilg;gUtk;
Crp <apd; Kl;il/ Fz;?rpapd; jiyg;gFjpia tpl rpwpa
msthdJ. ,J k";rs; epwk; fye;j btz;ikahd epwk; cilaJ. xU
Kl;il 2 Kjy; 3 ehl;fspy; bghupj;J g[Gthf btsptUfpwJ. xU < 2 Kjy;
3 Kl; i lfis xU gl; L g; g [ G tpd; kPJ nkw; g [ w j; j pYk; kw; W k; ,U
gf;f';fspYk; ,Lk;.
g[Gg;gUtk;
gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; \d;whtJ gUtj;jpy;/ mjd; clypd; kPJ ,lg;gl;l
Kl;il ,uz;L my;yJ \d;W ehl;fspy; bghhpj;J gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; cliyj;
Jisj; J cl; b rd; W / gl; L E}y; Rug; g piaj; jtpu midj; i ja[ k ;
cl;bfhs;Sk;. Jisj;j ,lj;jpy; "fhpa tL" nghd;W fhzg;gLk;. Crp <apd;
kyh] - 2 40 ,jH;; - 2
g[Ggg
] Utk; gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; clypDs; tsu/ tsu fhpa tLt[k; bghpajhFk;.
Crp < jdJ g[Gg; gUtj;ijg] gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; clypDs; Koj;J/ 6 (m) 7
ehl;fs; fHpj;J gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; cliy Jisj;J bfhz;L btspna tUk;.
Tl;Lg; g[Gg; gUtk;

Tl;Lg] g[Gg] gUtk; 8 Kjy; 12 ehl;fs; MFk;. Crp <apd; jhf;Fjy;
gl;Lg]g[Gtpd; Ie;jhtJ gUtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; gl;Lf;Tl;oidj; Jisj;Jf;
bfhz;L btsptUk;. ,g;;g[G/ tsh]g]g[ miwapd; tphpry;fs;/ Rth; Xu';fspy;
Fwpg;ghf ,Ul;Lg] gFjpia nehf;fp efh]e]J brd;W Tl;Lg] g[Gthf
khwptpLk; . ,f; T l; L g[ G tpd; njhw; w k; rw; n w ePz; l rJukhft[ k ;
brk;gGg;ghft[k; ,Uf;Fk;. ,jd; epwk; mlh] gGg;gpypUe;J fU"; rptg;ghf
khwptpLk;.
tsh;r;rpaile;j < gUtk;

fU"; rptg;ghf khwpa Tl;Lg]g[G/ 5 Kjy; 6 ehs;fs; fHpj;J <ahf
btsptUk;. btspte;j Crp < 5 Kjy; 7 ehs;fs; tiu thGk;. ,it 3 Kjy;; 4
fp.kP J}uk; tiu bjhlh]e]J gwf;Fk; jpwd; bfhz;ljhFk;. nkYk; gl;Lg]g[G
tsh]g]g[ ,l';fis vspjhf fz;Lbfhs;Sk; jpwd; bfhz;l Crp <
fhz;gjw;F fhpa rhk;gy; epwKilajhf ,Uf;Fk;. nkYk; xU < jdJ
thH;ehspy; Rkhh] 400 Kjy; 500 Kl;ilfs; tiu ,Lk; jpwDilait.
Vwf;Fiwa gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; xU Kl;ilf; Ftpaiy mHpf;Fk; jpwd; bfhz;lJ.
Crp <apd; jhf;FjYk; milahsKk;

Crp < jhf;fpajw;fhd Muk;g fhy mwpFwpapidg] gl;Lg;g[Gtpd;
clypy; Vw;gLk; fhpa tL \yk; mwpe;J bfhs;s Koa[k;. nkYk; cly;
cWg]g[fisj; Jisj;Jf; bfhz;L tUtjhy; gl;Lg;g[Gf;fs; ,we;J
tpLfpd;wd. Crpg] g[Gf;fshy; Jisf;fg;gl;l gl;Lf;TL nghd;wtw;whYk;
Crp <apd; jhf;Fjiy mwpe;J bfhs;s Koa[k;.
gl;Lg]g[Gtpd; ehd;fhtJ (m) Ie;jhtJ gUtj;jpd; bjhlf;fj;jpy;

jhf;fg]gl;lhy; TL fl;Ltjw;F Kd;ng mjd; cliyj; Jisj;Jf; bfhz;L
g[G btsptUfpd;wJ. ,jdhy; gl;Lg] g[Gf;fs; bfhy;yg]gLfpd;wd. ,Jnt
kyh] - 2 41 ,jH;; - 2
Ie;jhtJ gUtj;jpd; filrpapy; Crp <apd; jhf;Fjy; Vw;gl;lhy; gl;Lg;

g[Gf;fs; kpft[k; typikaw;w Tl;oidf] fl;Lfpd;wd. nkYk;/ Crpg] g[G
gl;Lf; TLfis tpl;L btsp tUtjhy; Jisf;fg]gl;l TLfs; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
,jdhy; gl;Lf;TL E}y; E}w;gjw;F gadw;W mjpf mst[ tpisr;riy ,Hf;f
nehpLfpwJ.
nkyhz;ik Kiwfs;
m. jLg;g[ Kiwfs;
j tsh]g]g[ miwf;F cs;ns Kd;diw xd;W mikg;gJ Crp < neuoahf

cs;ns EiHtijj; jLf;f Koa[k;.
j fjt[/ rd;dy;fspy; ieyhd; tiyfisf; bfhz;L \lntz;Lk;.
j Crp < jhf;fg;gl;l g[Gf;fs;/ TLfisr] nrfhpj;J mHpj;J tplntz;Lk;.
j Crp <apdhy; Jisf;fg;gl;l gl;Lg;g[Gf;fs;/ gl;Lf;Tl;oid mHpj;J

tplntz;Lk;.
j tsh]g]g[ miwapd; jiu/ Rth] Xu';fspy; Jisfs;/ btog;g[fs;

,y;yhky; rpbkz;l; bfhz;L milf;f ntz;Lk;.
j gl;Lf;TL tpw;gid epiyaj;jpw;F TLfis vLj;J bry;Ytjw;F Kd;

Crp < jhf;fg;gl;l TLfisg] gphpj;bjLj;J mHpg;gjd; \yk; Crp <
guthky; jLf;fyhk;.
j gl; L f; T Lfis tpw; g id epiyaj; j pw; F vLj; J brd; w gpd;

rhf;Fg]igfis g{r]rp kUe;J fiurypy; eidj;J cyh;j;j ntz;Lk;.
M. jhtur;;rhW
brhnuypah vd;w jhtu tpijapypUe;J vLf;fg]gLk; rhwpid
ehd;fhk;/ Ie;jhk; gUt';fspy; xUehs; tpl;L xUehs; bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
,r]rhW Crp< gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; kPJ Kl;il ,Ltijj; jLf;Fk; jpwDilaJ.
kyh] - 2 42 ,jH;; - 2
,. caphpay; Kiw
ePnrhypa; ! ; ijk!; vd; D k; xl; L z; z pia 100 Kl; i lj;
bjhFjpfSf;F xU yl;rk; xl;Lz;zpfs] vd;wstpy; ehd;fhk;/ Ie;jhk; gUt
g[Gf;fs; ,Uf;Fk;nghJk;/ gl;Lf;TL mWtilf;F gpd;dUk; btspapl
ntz;Lk;. ,t;bthl;Lz;zp/ Crp <apd; Tl;Lg; g[Gf;fisj; njor] brd;W
jdJ Kl;ilfis mjDs; ,l;L Crp <f;fis mHpf;Fk;.
,t;bthl;Lz;zpfis khiy neu';fspy; btsptpLtJ rpwe;j gaid
mspf;fpd;wJ.
<. ntjp Kiwfs;
fth]r;rp bghwp : mrpnghh;
mrpnghh; vd;Dk; fth]r]rp bghwp kUe;ij ypl;lUf;F 25 kp.yp.
vd;wstpy; ePhpy; fye;J rd;dy;fs;/ fjt[ mUfpy; itj;J Crp <f;fisf]
fth]e]J mHpf;fyhk;. nkYk; ,k;kUe;jpid \d;W ehl;fSf;F xU Kiw
khw; W tJ mtrpakhFk; . ,tw; w pidg] gl; L g; g [ G tpd; \d; w hk;
gUtj;jpypUe;J gad;gLj;jyhk;.
Crp khj;jpiu
Crp khj;jpiuia (2 khj;jpiu / ypl;lh]) ePhpy; fiuj;J nkw; TwpaJ
nghy; rd;dy;fs;/ fjt[ mUfpy; itj;J Crp <f;fisf] fth]e;J mHpf;fyhk;.
,tw;wpida[k; \d;W ehl;fSf;F xUKiw khw;w ntz;Lk;.
Crp <f;bfhy;yp
Crp <f;bfhy;yp kUe;jpid 100 Kl;il bjhFjpf;F 5 ypl;lh;
vd;wstpy; bjspf;ft[k;. ,jidg] gl;Lg;g[Gtpd; \d;whk; gUtj;jpy;
,uz;lhk; ehspYk;/ ehd;fhk; gUtj;jpy; ,uz;L/ ehd;fhk; ehspYk;/ Ie;jhk;
gUtj;jpy; ,uz;L/ ehd;F/ Mwhk; ehspYk; bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. kUe;J
bjspj;j miu kzp neuk; fHpj;j gpd;dnu g[Gf;fSf;F cztspf;f
ntz;Lk;.
nkw;Twpa Crp < nkyhz;ik Kiwfisf; nfhit (md;D}h]
jhY}f;fh)/ <nuhL (nfhgp jhY}f;fh) khtl;l';fspy; 120 tay;btsp
Muha;r]rp jply;fs; mikj;J cHth]fSf;F bray;tpsf;fk; \yk;
ep+gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
kyh] - 2 43 ,jH;; - 2
gUj;jpapy; Cl;lr;rj;J FiwghLfSk;

eptph]j;jp bra;a[k; KiwfSk;
Kidth; jh. b#hpd;/ Kidth; bu. ftpkzp/
jpU. uh. gh!;fud;
gUj;jp Muha;r;rp epiyak;

ntg;ge;jl;il-621 116
gUj;jpapy; fhzg;gLk; Cl;lr;rj;J FiwghLisg; nghf;Fk;

tHpKiwfisa[k; gw;wpa jfty;fis ,f;fl;Liuapy; fhz;nghk;.
1. kf;dPrpak; FiwghL
m. mwpFwpfs;
1. Rz;zhk;g[r] rj;J kpFe;j kz;zpy; ,e;j Cl;lr;rj;Jf; FiwghL
mjpfk; bjd;gLk;. nkYk; kzpr]rj;J/ rhk;gy; rj;J cs;s
cu';fis mjpfk; ,LtjhYk; ,f;FiwghL Vw;gLfpwJ.
2. Muk;g epiyapy;/ KjyhtJ nky; ,iyapy; mwpFwpfs; bjd;gLk;.
,iyfs; Kjph]r]rp milahkny fha;e;J cjph]e;J tpLk;.
3. ,f; FiwghL Kjph]r]rpa[w;w epiyapy;/ ,iyfs; bre;epwk; mile;J
tpLk;.
4. mo ,iyfs; Cjh fye;j rptg;g[ epwkhft[k;/ ,iy euk;g[fs;
gr]irahf/ bjspthft[k; fhzg]gLk;.
M. nkyhz;ik
kf;dPrpak; rj;Jf;FiwghL cs;s epy';fspy; tpijg;gpw;F Kd;
kf;dPrpak; ry;ngl; 25-50 fpnyh / vf;lh] vd;w mstpy; ,l;L gUj;jpia
tpijg;g[ bra;a ntz;Lk;.
gUj;jpapy; fha;fs; cUthFk;nghJ ,e;j mwpFwpfs; bjd;gl;lhy;
kf;dPrpak; ry;ngl; 25-50 fpnyh / vf;nlh] my;yJ 2 % kf;dPrpak; ry;ngl;
fiuriy bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. my;yJ 1 ypl;lh; jz;zPhpy; 20 fpuhk;
kf;dPrpak; ry;ngl; cld; 10 fpuhk; a{hpah fye;J 15 ehl;fs; ,ilbtspapy;
bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
kyh] - 2 44 ,jH;; - 2
2. Jj;jehf FiwghL
m. mwpFwpfs;
1. Rz;zhk;g[r] rj;J kpFe;j mjpf fsp fye;j epy';fspy; ,f;
FiwghL bjd;gLk;.
2. rhjhuzkhf tpijj;j \d;W thu';fspy; ,f; Fiwghl;Lf;Fhpa

mwpFwpfs; bjd;gLk;.
3. ,s";brofspy; ,e;j ghjpg;g[ mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,iyfs; kpft[k;

rpWj;J/ joj;J/ tpiug;ghf/ ,iy euk;g[ miktpw;fpilapy;
gr]irakw;W fhzg]gLk;.
4. ghjpf;fg]gl;l ,iyfs; nky;nehf;fp RUz;L fhzg]gLk;.
5. ,iyfs; brk;ik epw g[s;spfSld; JU gpoj;jijg; nghyf;

fhzg;gLk;.
6. mwpFwp bjd;gLk; ,iyfspy; gr]ir epwk; kiwe;J/ bghd;dpwkhf

fhzg]gLk;.
7. Jj;jehf Fiwghl;od; ,Wjp epiyapy;/ ,iyfs; bghd;dpwkhf

khwp fha;e;J rUF nghyhfp tpLk;.
8. ,iyfs;/ ,ilbtspf; fqf;fs; tsh]r]rpailahky;/ rpWj;J/

Fl;ilj; jd;ika[ld; fhzg;gLk;.
9. fha; gpog;gjw;F Kd;ng g{f;fs; cjph;e;J tpLk;.
10. Jj; j ehf Fiwghl; o dhy; gaph; Kjph] r ] r p mila[ k ; epiy

jhkjpg;gnjhL gUj;jp ,iHapd; jd;ika[k; ghjpf;fg;gLk;.
M. nkyhz;ik
1. mo cukhf Jj;jehf ry;ngl; 15-25 fpnyh / vf;lh; vd;w mstpy;
kz;zpy; ,l;L ,f; Fiwghl;ilj; jtph]f;fyhk;.
2. Jj;jehf ry;ngl; 4-5 fpnyh cld; Rl;l Rz;zhk;g[/ 2-5 fpnyhit

500 ypl;lh; ePhpy; fiuj;J/ ,f;fiuriy 1 vf;nlUf;F bjspf;ft[k;.
kyh] - 2 45 ,jH;; - 2
gyh : rpy ,dpg;ghd jfty;fs;

gp. Qhpjh!;
vy;.vd;. g[uk;
gz;Ul;o - 607 106
v ed;F tsh]e;j 20 Mz;Lf;F nkyhd xU kuk; Mapuk; fpnyhtpw;F

nkyhd gHj;ij tpisr]ryhfj; juty;yJ.
v ,iy cjpuhky; vg;bghGJk; gRik khwhj kukhd gyh Rw;Wr]

NHYf;F Vw;w rpwe;j kuk;. nkYk; g{kp NlhFjiyf; Fiwf;Fk;.
v gyh gp";R/ Kw;whj fha;fs; ePhpHpt[ nehahspf;F ehh]r]rj;J kpFe;j

rpwe;j czthfpwJ. gyhr]Ris kyr]rpf;fiyg] nghf;Fk;. gj;Jf;Fk;
nkyhd cly; cghijfSf;F ,iz kUe;jhft[k; "cznt kUe;J"
vd;gjhft[k; cs;sJ. g[w;Wnehapd; jPtpuj;ijj; jLf;Fk; jd;ik
bfhz;lJ.
v kht[r]rj;J/ g[ujk;/ bfhGg;g[/ ehh]r]rj;J/ Rz;zhk;g[r]rj;J/ gh!;gu!;/

,Uk;g[r]rj;J/ gytpj itl;lkpd;fs; bfhz;l gyhr]Ris clYf;F
mjpf vhprf;jp mspf;ff;ToaJ .
v gyhtpypUe;J gyhr]Risia Kw;whj epiy/ gGj;j gpwF CWfha;/

gg]glk;/ mg]gsk;/ my;th/ $%!;/ $hk;/ kpl;lha;/ rpg]!;/ nkhjfk;/
nghz;lh/ njhir/ g[l;L/ bfhj;Jf;fwp/ mtpay;/ gyhf;bfhl;il
cg]g[kh/ rg]ghj;jp vd tif tifahd gz;l';fisj; jahhpf;f
bjhHpy; Kidnthh]Kd; te;jhy; gyUf;F ntiytha;g]g[ fpilf;Fk;.
v kiH Fiwthd twl;rpg; gpunjr';fspYk;/ kiH mjpfk; bga;a[k;

,l';fspYk;/ rkbtspapYk;/ kiyg]gFjpfspYk; vd vy;yhg]
gFjpfspYk; tsUk;.
v xU neuj;jpy; miw fpnyhtpw;F nky; (gGj;j Risahf 10 Ris

my;yJ mtpj;j Risahf xU fg]) vspjpy; rhg;gplf;Toa tpUg;g
czt[ / ViHfspd; Kf; f pa czt[ gyh. fpuhkg; g [ w '; f spy;
kyh] - 2 46 ,jH;; - 2
Mokhjj;jpy; mtpj;J fhaitj;j ghJfhf;fg]gl;l

gyhf;bfhl;ilia ViHfs;; Kf;fpa czthf cz;gJ tHf;fk;.
nkYk; Kw;whj gyhf;fhapidj; Jz;Lfshf/ fPw;Wfshf btl;o
cg;g[ fiurypy; nrkpj;J ntz;Lk;nghJ ey;y ePhpy; Cwitj;J
gyKiw myrpa gpd; fwprikg]gJk; tHf;fpy; cs;sJ.
v Kw;whj gyhr; RisapypUe;J gyh tw;wy;/ rpg]!;/ kht[ Mfpa

tw;wpypUe;J gytpj czt[g] gz;l';fs;/ mhprp/ nfhJik kht[ld;
nrh]j;njh jdpahfnth jahhpf;fyhk;. gGj;j gyhr]RisapypUe;J
my;th/ gyh $%!;/ I!;fphPk;/ Fy;gp/ kpl;lha;/ gyhg;gH tw;wy;/
gyhg;g[l;L/ gyh xapd;/ $hk; Mfpait jahhpf;fyhk;. gp";R
fhapypUe; J cyuitj; j rf; i f btspehLfSf; F Vw; W kjp
bra;ag;gLfpwJ. gyhr; rf;ifia vz;bzapy; bghwpj;Jk; nrkpj;J
itj;J rikj;Jk; cz;zyhk;.
v gyhf; bfhl;ilapypUe;J fpilf;Fk;; kht[/ cg;g[kh/ rg;ghj;jp/ g{hp/

til nghd;w gz;l';fisr] bra;a gad;gLfpwJ. gyhg;gHr]rf;if/
njhy;/ gyh ,iy/ rUF fhy;eilfSf;Fj; jPtdkhfpwJ. cjph]e;j
gyh ,iyapidf; bfhz;L ijay; ,iy jahhpj;J ge;jpapy; czt[
ghpkhw gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
v tPL fl;lt[k;/ tPl;L cgnahf kur]rhkhd;fs; bra;jplt[k; gyhkuk;

gad;gLfpwJ. kpUj';fk;/ jtpy;/ cLf;if nghd;w ,irf;fUtpfs;
bra;jpl gyhkuk; gad;gLfpwJ. kuj;jpd; fpisfs; tpwfhfg;
gad;gLfpwd. ,iyr;rUF kf;fp kz;tsk; fhf;fpd;wJ.
,t;thW gyhthdJ gp";R/ Kw;whj fha;/ gHk;/ mokuk;/ fpis/

Rs;sp/ ,iy/ rUF vd mspg;gJld; epHy;jUk; kukhft[k; bghUshjhu
gyd; jUk; kukhft[k;/ ,aw;if Rw;Wr;NHy; ghJfhf;Fk; kukhft[k; cs;sJ.
vdnt/ epyKs;s cHth]fs; Vf;fUf;F xU kunkh my;yJ xU

Vf;fh] njhg]ghfnth my;yJ tug;g[ Xuj;jpYk; tsh]f;fyhk;. tPl;L kidapy;
,ltrjp cs;nshh; tPl;ow;F xU gyh kuk; tsh]f;fyhk;.
kyh] - 2 47 ,jH;; - 2
fUk;g[r; rhFgoapy; CLgapuhf cSe;J - btw;wpf;fij

tp.nf. FkuFU
fUg;g"]rhto
Fwp";rpg;gho tl;lk;/ flY}h; khtl;lk;
miyngrp : 9942187135/ 94430 81666
ehd; flY}h] khtl;lk;/ Fwp";rpg;gho tl;lk;/ fUg;g";rhto

fpuhkj;jp;y trpj;J tUfpnwd;. vdJ bgah] tp.nf. FkuFU ehd; ,uz;L
Vf;fh] epyj;jpy; (5 mo) mfyk; ghh] nghl;L brhl;L ePh] ghrdk; \yk; fUk;g[
rhFgo bra;J tUfpnwd;.
ehd; tl;lhu ntshz;ik tphpthf;f ikak; Fwp";rpg;gho Jiz
tl;lhu ntshz;ik tphpthf;f ikak; Fs;s";rhto mYtyfj;jpy; tk;gd;
4 uf cSe;J rpUjiy (kpdpfl;) tpijfis th';fp fUk;gpy; CLgapuhf xU
Vf;fhpy; 1.5 x 1.5 mo ,ilbtspapy; thpirf;F thpirahf xU Vf;fUf;F
MW fpnyh cSe;J tpijia tpijj;njd;.
nkYk; gz;Ul;o ntshz;ik tphpthf;f ika mYtyfj;jpy;
tk;gd; 3 uf cSe;J tpij MW fpnyh th';fpndd;/ nkYk; xU Vf;fhpy;
fUk;g[ rhFgo bra;Js;s taypy; 1.5 x 1.5 mo ,ilbtspapy; thpirf;F
thpirahf xU Vf;fUf;F MW fpnyh tpij tpijj;njd;.
tpijj;j ,Ugjhk; ehs; kw;Wk; 40 Mk; ehl;fspy; ,UKiw
ifapdhy; fisfis vLj;njd;. cSe;Jf;F Cl;lr;rj;J fiuryhf
tpijj;j 25-Mk; ehs; kw;Wk; 35/ 45 Mk; ehl;fspy; ePhpy; fiua[k; (NP : 12 : 61 :
0) Vf;fUf;F xU fpnyh tpfpjk; ,uz;L fpnyh o.V.gp. fiuriya[k;
gpnshndhgpf;!; tsh]r]rp Cf;fp Vf;fUf;F 100 kp.yp. tpfpjk; 150 ypl;lh]
jz;zPhpy; fiuj;J khiy ntisapy; \d;W Kiw bjspj;njd;.
cSe;J gapiuj; jhf;Fk; rhh] cwp";rp g{r]rpfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;j
20-Mk; ehspy; Vf;fUf;F vd;nlhry;gd; 350 kp.yp./ ghtp!;od; 100 fpuhk;
bjspj;njd;. fha; Jisg;ghidf] fl;LgLj;j 40-Mk; ehspy; vd;nlhry;gd;
400 kp . yp . kUe; J k; kh'; n fhbry; 250 fpuhk; 60-MtJ ehspy;
Fnshhpighpgh!; 400 kp.yp. rh@g; 250 fpuhk; bjspj;njd;. xt;bthU
bjspg;g[f;Fk; (ePk;krhy;) ntg;bgz;bza; kUe;J 250 kp.yp. fye;J bjspj;J
te; n jd; . xt; b thU Kiwa[ k ; Cl; l r; r j; J bjspf; F k; n ghJ g{f; f s;
mLf;fLf;F Kiwahfg] g{j;J tpisr]ry; mjpfhpf;f cjtpaJ.
vd;gjhtJ ehspy; ed;F fha;fs; Kw;wpaJld; ,iyfs; cjpUk;
jUzj;jpy; Ml;fis itj;J broiag; gpL';fp xU ehs; taypy;
cyuitj;J kWehs; Ftpayhf Ftpj;J itj;njd;. gpd;g[ ,uz;L ehl;fs;
ed;F fhaitj;J cSe;J mof;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; \yk; cSe;ijg] gphpj;J
vLj;njd;.
kyh] - 2 48 ,jH;; - 2
vdJ taypy; tk;gd; 4 ,ufk; 1175 fpnyh cSe;J fpilj;jJ. xU

fpnyh cSe;jpd; tpiy +.51.00 tPjk; bkhj;jk; +. 59/925/- tUkhdKk;/ 1
Vf;fUf;F brythf +. 6/250/- nghf kPjk; +. 53/675/- tUkhdkhf
fpilj;jJ.
nkYk; tk;gd; 3 ,ufk; xU Vf;fUf;F 975 fpnyht[k; fpilj;jJ.
bkhj;j tpij 975 fpnyh
1. xG';FKiw tpw;gidf;Tlk; \yk; tpw;gid bra;jJ
275 fpnyh x 59 tpiy = 16225.00
2. ntshz;ikj; Jiwf;F tpij cSe;jhf bfhLj;jJ
700K x 59.00
10% TLjy; tpiy 6.50 igrh + 1 = 7.50
700 x 66.50 = 46550.00
fpnyht[f;F cw;gj;jp khdpak; +.7.50 igrh x 700 fpnyh = 5250.00
bkhj;j tUkhdk; = 68025.00 (+)
bryt[ = 6250.00 (-)
bkhj;j yhgk; = 61775.00
tk;gd; 4 ufk; fpilj;j tUkhdk; : +. 53,675.00

tk;gd; 3 ufk; fpilj;j tUkhdk; : +. 61,775.00
bkhj;j yhgk; : +. 1,15,450.00
ehd; ,uz;L Vf;fhpy; Ie;J mo ghh]fhd; \yk; fUk;g[r] rhFgo
bra;jjpy; CLgapuhf cSe;J ,ufk; tk;gd; 3/ tk;gd; 4 rhFgo bra;jjpy;
+.1/15/450 fpilj;jJ. nkYk; fUk;gpy; cSe;ij CLgapuhfg] gaph]r]
bra;jjhy; fUk;g[f;Fk;/ cSe;Jf;Fk; ve;j ghjpg;g[k; ,;y;iy. mt;tg;nghJ
vdJ taYf;F te;J bjhHpw;El;g bra;jpfis tH';fpa tl;lhu ntshz;ik
cjtp ,af;Feh; jpU. ,uh. mnrhfd; mth;fSf;Fk; tk;gd; 3 ,ufk; bfhLj;J
cjtpa ntshz; i k cjtp ,af; F eh] jpU. mhpjh!; / gz; U l; o
mth;fSf;Fk;/ tpUj;jhryk] ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiya nguhrphpah;
kw;Wk; jiyth;/ nguhrpupag; bgUkf;fs;/ jpU. tp. rf;fughzp ntshz;ik
mYtyh;/ ntshz; cjtp mYtyh] jpU. unk#; ,e;j ,ufj;ij btspapl;l
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpw;Fk;/ jkpH;ehL muRf;Fk;/
brhl;L ePh] mikj;j b$apd; v$pnf#d; Oyh] _ fz;zgpuhd; Vb$d;rp/
tpUj;jhryk; mth;fSf;Fk; ,.I.o ghhp tpij epWtd nfhl;l nkyhsh; jpU.
,sKUfd;/ Fs;s";rhto mth;fSf;Fk; vdJ kdkhh;e;j ed;wpiaj;
bjhptpj;Jf; bfhs;fpnwd;.
kyh] - 2 49 ,jH;; - 2
nfh.Mh]. vr] -3 tPhpa xl;L uf tpij bey; cw;gj;jp

btw;wp fij
Kidth; ,uh. b$fjhk;ghs;/ Kidth] br. khzpf;fk;
ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyak;
re;jpa{h]
nryk;-636203
re;jpa{h] ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyaj;jpy] tPhpa xl;L bey; tpij

cw;gj;jp bra;tjw;fhd gapw;rp cHth]fSf;F tH';fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j
gapw;rpapy; ehHpf;fy;gl;oia nrh]e;j jh]kyp';fk; vd;gth; fye;J bfhz;lhh].
mth] etiu gUtj;jpy; (2009-2010) nfh.Mh]. vr] -3 vd;w tPhpa xl;L bey;
tpijapid cw;gj;jp bra;j jd;Dila mDgtj;ijg] gfph]e;J bfhs;fpwhh].
ehd; Ie;J Vf;fhpy; bey;/ kuts;sp/ thiH/ rk;g';fp nghd;w

gaph]fisg] gaph] bra;Js;nsd;. ehd; fle;j Mz;Lfspy; tPhpa xl;L
Mkzf;F/ kf;fhr;nrhs tpijfis cw;gj;jp bra;J bfhLj;Js;nsd;.
mz;ikapy; re;jpa{h] ntshz;ik mwptpay; epiyaj;jpy; eilbgw;w tPhpa
xl;L bey; tpij cw;gj;jp gapw;rpapy; fye;J bfhz;l gpwF nfh. Mh]. vr]-3
tPhpa xl;L bey; tpijia cw;gj;jp bra;njd;.
,jw; f hf xU Vf; f Uf; F j; njitahd bgz; ,ufkhd

ovd;Va[rpvk;v!; 2A 8 fpnyhita[k; kw;Wk; Mz; ,ufkhd rpgp 87Mh] 4
fpnyhita[k; Kiwna + 90/- kw;Wk; +40/- tPjk; jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg]
gy;fiyf;fHf bey; JiwapypUe;J th';fpndd;.
Mz; ,uf tpijfis (10 fpnyh) \d;W rk ghf';fshf gphpj;J

Kjy; ghfj;ij Kjy; ehspy; tpijj;njd;;. ,uz;lhk; ghfj;ij Kjy; Mz;
,ufk; tpijj;j 3 tJ ehs; (,uz;lhk; tpijg]g[) tpijj;njd;. \d;whk;
ghfj;ija[k; bgz; ,uf tpij bey; 20 fpnyhita[k; Kjy; Mz; ,uf bey;
tpijj;j 6-tJ ehs; (\d;whk; tpijg]g[) tpijj;njd;.
elt[ taiy ed;F rkd; bra;j gpwF mjpy; moa[ukhf bjhG cuk;
Vf;fUf;F 3 ld; R{g]gh]/ gh!;ngl; 150 fpnyhit moa[ukhf ,l;nld;. cukpl;l
gpd;g[ elt[ bra;a[k; tiu taypy; ePiu epWj;jp itj;jpUe;njd;;.
21 tajhd ehw;wpid vLj;J Kjy; tpijg;g[ Mz; ehw;Wf;fis
kyh] - 2 50 ,jH;; - 2
Kjy; thpirapYk;/ ,uz;lhk; tpijg;g[ Mz; ehw;Wfis ,uz;lhk;

thpirapYk; 30 br.kP ,ilbtspapy; elt[ bra;njd;;. \d;whk; tpijg;g[
Mz; ehw;Wf;fis Kjy; Mz; ,uf thpirapYk; ,uz;lhtJ Mz; ,uf
thpirapYk; ,uz;L ehw;WfSf;F ,ilapy; 15 br.kP ,ilbtsp tpl;L elt[
bra;njd;;.
bgz; ,uf ehw; w pid Mz; ,uf ehw; w pypUe; J 20 br.kP

,ilbtspapy; 8 thpirfs; elt[ bra;njd;;. bgz; ,uf ehw;Wf;Fk;/
,d;bdhU bgz; ,uf ehw;Wf;Fk; 10 br.kP ,ilbtsp ,Uf;FkhW elt[
bra;njd;;.
xU Vf;fUf;Fj; njitahd nkYu';fspd; tptuk; tUkhW :
nkYuk;; a{hpah bghl;lh#: 20 : 20 : 0 Ez;q}l;lk;

15 ehl;fSf;Fg]
gpwF - 40 50 8
30 ehl;fSf;Fg]
gpwF 30 30 - -
45 ehl;fSf;Fg]
gpwF 25 25 -
elt[ bra;j ehw;gjhtJ ehs; jz;Lj;Jisg]ghd; jhf;Fjy;

fhzg]gl;lJ. ,jidf; fl;Lg]gLj;j g[nuhg]gpndhgh!; 250 kpy;ypia xU
nl';fpw;F 40 kp.yp. tPjk; 6 nl';f; xU Vf;fUf;F moj;njd;. ,jd; gpwF 70tJ
ehs; fjph] ehtha;g] g[{r]rp jhf;Fjy; fhzg]gl;lJ. ,jidf; fl;Lg]gLj;j
E}thd; 250 kp.yp.ia moj;njd;.
bghJthf bgz; thpirfspy; fjph]fs; Kw;wpYkhf fz;zho ,iy

ciwia tpl;L btsptUtjpy;iy. fjph] Kw;wpYkhf ,iy ciwia tpl;L
btsp tu bgz; thpirfspy; Rkhh] 20 rjk; g{f;Fk; gUtj;jpy; (60 -65 ehspy;)
Vf;fUf;F 30 fpuhk; $pg;uypf; mkpyj;ij 18 fpuhk;/ 12 fpuhk; vd;w mstpy;
gphpj;J mLj;jLj;j ehs; ,uz;L Kiw/ bjspj;njd;;. $pg]uypf; mkpyj;ij
fiuf;f vhprhuhaj;ijg] gad;gLj;jpndd;. $pg]uypf; mkpyk; bjspj;jy;/
tPhpa xl;L bey; tpij cw;gj;jpapy; kpf Kf;fpag] g';F tfpf;fpwJ.
kyh] - 2 51 ,jH;; - 2
gaphpd; tsh]r]rp gUtj;jpypUe;J mWtil bra;a[k; tiu Mz;/

bgz; ,uf';fspypUe;J ntWgl;l ,uf';fis mfw;wpndd;;. ,jdhy;
kug[j;J}a;ikahd tPhpa xl;L bey; tpijfs; fpilf;Fk;. Kjy; jlit
jz;od; tz;zj;ij itj;Jk; mjhtJ nuh$h tz;zk;/ ,iyapd; msit
bghWj;Jk; fytd; brofs; ePf;fpndd;. mLj;jjhf g{ g{f;Fk; jUzj;jpy;
fjph] KjpUk; gUtj;jpYk;; kpsF nghd;W bey; kzp bfhz;lija[k;/ fjph]
mWtil bra;a[k; gUtj;jpy; 100 rjk; epuk;gpa kzpfis bfhz;l fjpiua[k;
ePf;fpndd;.
tpijg] gpog;g[j; jd;ikia mjpfhpf;f may; kfue;j nrh]f;ifia

mjpfg]gLj;j ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhf Rkhh] 20 rjk; g{ btspte;j gpd;g[ bjhlh]e;J
10 ehl;fSf;F fapW ,Gj;jy; my;yJ Fr;rp bfhz;L Mz; ,ufj;ij
mirj;J kfue;j nrh]f;ifia Cf;Ftpj;jy; nghd;w gzpfis fhiy 10
kzp Kjy; 11 kzp tiuapy;; bra;njd;;.
Mz; thpirfis Kjypy; mWtil bra;J taypUe;J btspna

vLj;J tpl]n;ld;. bgz; thpirfis mWtil bra;j gpd; fsj;jpy; jdpahf
moj;J J}a;ikg]gLj;jp 12 rjk; <ug]gjj;jpy; fha itj;njd;.
vd;Dila taypy; ruhrhpahf 13 J}h]fSk;/ fjph; cila J}h]fs;

(productive tillers) 10-k;/
fjphpd; ePsk; 16 br. kP Mft[k;/ xU fjphpy; 125
kzpfSk;/ ,jpy; 45 epuk;gpa kzpfSk;/ mjhtJ 36 rjk; tpijg; gpog;g[j;
jd;ika[k; ,Ue;jd.
xU Vf;fUf;F bgz; ,ufk; (tPhpa xl;L ,ufk;) 370 fpnyh/ Mz;

,ufk; 750 fpnyht[k; fpilj;jd. tPhpa xl;L ,uf tpijfis jkpH;ehL
ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf bey; Jiw fpnyht[f;F 90 +gha; tPjk;
bfhLj;J th';fp bfhz;lJ.
xU Vf;fhpy; tPhpa xl;L bey; tpij cw;gj;jp bra;a Rkhh; +. 14/192

bryt[ bra;njd;;. tUkhdkhf +.53/300 bgw;nwd;. vdnt epfu ,yhgkhf
+. 39/108 ia xU Vf;fhpypUe;J tPhpa xl;L bey; tpij cw;gj;jpapy; ,Ue;J
bgw;nwd;. nkYk; tut[ bryt[ tpfpjk; 3.75 Mf cs;sJ. vdnt cHth]fs;
tPhpa xl;L bey; (CORH 3) tpij cw;gj;jp bra;J gadila[khW nfl;Lf;
bfhs;sg;gLfpwhh]fs;.
kyh] - 2 52 ,jH;; - 2
Mog;gl;l gaph;fSf;fhd tpiy Kd;dwptpg;g[

br. mdpjh/ j. KUfhde;jp/ Kidth; e.m$;$d;
njrpa ntshz; g[Jikj;jpl;lk;-cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp re;ijj; jfty; ikak;
ntshz; kw;Wk; Cuf nkk;ghl;L Ma;t[ ikak;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
jkpH;ehl;oy;/ Mog]gl;lk; Kf;fpakhd khdhthhp gaph]r] rhFgo

bra;a[k; gl;lkhFk;. ,e;j tUlk; bjd; nkw;F gUtkiH ,ay;ghf ,Uf;Fk;
vd Kd;dwptpg;g[ bra;ag]gl;Ls;sJ. ,g; gUtj;jpy; jhdpa';fs;/ vz;bza;
tpj;Jg]gaph]fs;/ fha;fwpfs; mjpfk; gaphplg;gLfpd;wd. Mog;gl;lj;jpy;
gaphpLk; gaph; f isj; njh; t [ bra; a VJthf jkpH; e hL ntshz;
gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpy; cs;s njrpa ntshz; g[Jikj; jpl;lj;jpd; cs;ehl;L
kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp re;ijj; jfty; ikak; tpiy kw;Wk; re;ij epytuj;ij
Ma;t[ bra;J mWtil tpiyia Kd;dwptpg;g[ bra;Js;sJ.
kf;fhr;nrhsk;
cyf mstpy; kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd; cw;gj;jp 2009-10Mk; Mz;ow;F
804 kpy;ypad; ld;fshf ,Uf;Fk; vd;W rh;tnjr jhdpaf] fHfk;
fzpj;Js;sJ. ,J fle;j Mz;L cw;gj;jpia tpl 2 rjtPjk; mjpfkhFk;.
mnjnghy; kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd; njit 818 kpy;ypad; ld;fshf ,Uf;Fk;
vd;Wk; fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J fle;j Mz;il tpl 44 rjtPjk; mjpfkhFk;.
,e;jpahtpy; 2010-Mk; Mz;L fhPg; gUtj;jpy; kf;fhr;nrhsj;jpd; rhFgog;
gug;g[ 27.97 ,yl;rk; vf;nlh;fshf ,Uf;Fk; vd;W vjph]ghh]f;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J
fle;j Mz;il tpl 2.1 rjtPjk; FiwthFk;. ,jw;F Kf;fpaf; fhuzk;/ mjpf
cw;gj;jp bra;a[k; khepy';fshd cj;jpug;gpnujrk;/ fh]ehlfk; kj;jpa
gpunjrj;jpd; rpy gFjpfspy; gUtkiH jhkjkhfg; bga;jnj MFk;. Mdhy;
Me;jpug;gpnujrk;/ kfhuh#;ouh/ Mfpa khepy';fspy; kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd;
cw; g j; j p mjpfhpf; f tha; g ] g [ f s; cs; s jhf th] j ; j f \y'; f s;
bjhpag;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
jkpH; e hl; o y; / kf; f hr; n rhsj; j pd; tpiy $%iy khjj; j py;
Ftpz;lhYf;F +.1/100j; jhz;oa[s;sJ. mjdhy; Mog;gl;lj;jpy; tpijj;J
mf;nlhgh;-etk;gh;/ khjj;jpy; re;ijf;F tUk; kf;fhr; nrhsj;jpw;F ,nj
tpiy fpilf;Fkh bjhpe;J bfhs;s cHth]fs; Mh;tkhf cs;sdh;.
th;j;jfj; jfty;fspd;go/ kf;fhr; nrhsj;jpd; tpiy Mf!;l; khjk; ,Wjp
tiu ,nj nghf;fpy; ,Uf;Fk;. fh]ehlf khepyj;jpypUe;J re;ijf;F
kyh] - 2 53 ,jH;; - 2
kf;fhr;nrhsk; tUk; tiu tpiy ,nj nghf;fpy; ,Uf;Fk; nkYk; Mf!;l;f;F

gpwF tpiy Ftpz;lhYf;F +.1000j;jpypUe;J rhpa[k; vd bjhptpj;Js;sdh].
,r]NH;epiyapy; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp re;ijj; jfty; ikak;
kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd; tpiyapid Kd;dwptpg]g[ bra;a tpiy Ma;t[fis nkw;
bfhz;lJ. cLkiyg;ngl;il xG';F Kiw tpw;gidf; Tlj;jpy; fle;j 10
Mz;Lfshf epytpa tpiy epytu';fs; Ma;t[ bra;ag]gl;ld. mjd;go
Moapy; tpijf;fg]gl;L mf;nlhgh] - ork;gh] 2010 re;ijf;F tUk;
kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd; tpiy Ftpz;lhYf;F +.850-950 tiu epyt[k; vd;W
fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. nfhHpj;jPtdj;jpd; bjhlh; njit/ fhPg; gUtj;jpy;
rhFgo gug;gst[ Fiwe;Js;sJ Mfpa fhuz';fshy;; kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpd;
tpiy VWKfkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd vjph]ghh]f;fyhk;.
nkw;Twpa jfty;fisf; fUj;jpy; bfhz;L jkpHf cHth]fs;
vjph; t Uk; gl; l j; j py; kf; f hr; n rhsj; i jr] rhFgo bra; a rpghhpR
bra;ag]gLfpd;wdh]. nkYk; ey;y tpiy fpilf;f bghpa kzpfs; cs;s
,uf'; f isg; gaphpLkhW nfl; L f; bfhs; s g; g Lfpd; w dh; . 100 fpuhk;
kf;fhr]nrhsj;jpy; 350f;Fk; Fiwthd kzpfs; ,Ue;jhy; cHth]fs; ey;y
tpiy bgwyhk;.
epyf;fliy
,e; j pahtpy; vz; b za; tpj; J f; f s; gphp î xU FHg; g khd
NH;epiyiar] re;jpj;Jf; bfhz;oUf;fpwJ. 125 ,yl;rk; ld; vz;bza;
tpj;Jg; gaph]fs; ,Ug;g[/ mjpfhpj;J tUk; gid vz;bza; ,wf;Fkjp/
Fiwe;J tUk; g[z;zhf;F Vw;Wkjp/ czt[ vz;bza; Vw;Wkjpf;fhd jil
Mfpait ,r; NH;epiyia cUthf;fpa[s;sd.
,e;jpahtpd; Kf;fpa vz;bza; tpj;Jg] gapuhd epyf;fliyapd;
gug]g[/ mjpf cw;gj;jp bra;a[k; khepykhd F$uhj;jpy; Fiwe;Js;sJ. kiH
tpiy gUj;jpf;F rhjfkhf cs;sjhy; ,e;epiy Vw;gl;L cs;sJ. fle;j
Mz;L fhPg; gUtj;jpy;/ ,e;jpahtpy; 52.89 ,yl;rk; vf;lhpy; epyf;fliyg]
gaphplg;gl;lJ. ,jpy; F$uhj; epyf;fliyr] rhFgog] gug;g[ kl;Lk; 18 ,yl;rk;
vf;lh]fshFk;. ,e;j Mz;L fhPg; gUtj;jpy; ,e;jpa mstpy; 15-20 rjtPjk;
tiu rhFgog] gug] g [ Fiwa[ k ; vd fzf; f plg] g l; L s; s J. Mdhy;
jkpH;ehl;ilg] bghWj;jtiu rhFgogug;g[ (5 ,yl;rk; vf;lh]) Fiwa
tha; g ; g py; i y. nkYk; cw; g j; j pj; jpwDk; ed; w hf ,Uf; F k; vd; W
fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjpfkhd vz;bza; ,wf;Fkjp ,Uf;Fk;nghjpYk;/
Rkhh; 10 ,yl;rk; bkl;hpf; ld;; epyf;fliy/ czt[g; bghUSf;F
njitg;gLtjhYk;/ tpHhf;fhy';fspy; Vw;gLk; mjpfhpj;j njit kw;Wk;
jw;bghGJs;s epyf;fliyapd; Fiwe;j ifapUg;g[ Mfpa fhuz';fshy;
kyh] - 2 54 ,jH;; - 2
epyf;fliy tpiy (cilf;fhjJ) brg;lk;gh; Kjy; ork;gh; 2010 tiu

Ftpz;lhYf;F +.2900 Kjy; +.3200 tiu ,Uf;Fk;. vdnt cHth]fs;;
Mog; g l; l j; j py; epyf; f liyiar] rhFgo bra; í khW nfl; L f;
bfhs;sg;gLfpwhh]fs;. nkYk; tpij neh]j;jp/ g{f;Fk;/ fha; cUthFk;
neuj;jpy; ghrdk; bra;J mjpf kfNy; bgWkhW nfl;Lf; bfhs;sg;
gLfpwhh]fs;.
vs;
,e;jpahtpd; rpwe;j vz;bza; tpj;Jg; gapuhd vs;spd; cw;gj;jp ugp
gUtj;jpy; 3.3 ,yl;rk; ld;fshf ,Ue;jJ. ,J fle;j Mz;L ugp gUt
cw;gj;jpia (2.8 ,yl;rk; ld;;) tpl mjpfkhFk;. ,e;j Mz;L vs;spd; mjpf
cw;gj;jp/ cl;bfhs;Sk; ehLfshd Mg]hpf;fh/ rPdhtpy; vs; cw;gj;jp
ed;whf cs;sjhy;/ rPdh Fiwe;j msnt ,wf;Fkjp bra;a[k; vd
vjph]ghh]f;fg;gLfpwJ. mJkl;Lky;yhky; Me;jpuhtpy; vs; mWtila[k;
ed;whf ,Ue;jJ. fh]ehlfhtpYk; cw;gj;jp ed;whf cs;sjhy; ,k;khjk;
Kjny re;ijf;F tuj;J bjhl';fptpl;lJ. nkw;F t';fhsj;jpypUe;Jk; vs;
re;ijf;F te;J bfhz;oUf;fpwJ vd;whYk; juk; Fiwthf cs;sjhy;
mjd; tpiya[k; Fiwthf cs;sJ.
$%iy/ Mf!; o y; <nuhL/ jpUr; r p/ bguk; g Y}h] / tpGg] g [ u k;
khtl;l';fspy;; gaphpLk; vs;/ mf;nlhgh]-etk;gh] khj';fspy;; re;ijf;F tUk;.
mWtilapd; nghJ rptg;g[ vs;spw;F xU fpnyh tpiy brg;lk;gh] Kjy;
ork;gh] 2010 tiu +.37-40k;/ bts;is vs; +.48-50k; bgWk;. ,e;j tpiyia
fUj;jpy; bfhz;L cHth]fs; Mog;gl;lj;jpy; vs; gaphpLtJ gw;wp jFe;j
KobtLj;Jf;bfhs;syhk;. fh]ehlf khepyj;jpypUe;J vs; tuj;J bjhl';fp
tpl;ljhy;/ $%iy khjj;jpy; tpiy Fiwa[k; vd;gjhy; jw;nghJ cs;s
ifapUg;ig tpw;WtpLkhW ghpe;Jiu bra;ag;gLfpwJ. nkYk; cHth]fs;
neuo cu'; f is cgnahfpj; J ey; y cw; g j; j p bgWkhW nfl; L f;
bfhs;sg;gLfpwhh]fs;.
gaph; jw;nghija vjph;nehf;Fk;

tpiy tp¬ô (brg;lk;gh; -ork;gh; 2010)
kf;fhr;nrhsk; +. 1050 +. 850 Kjy; +. 950 tiu Ftpz;lhYf;F
Ftpz;lhy; (mf;nlhgh; - ork;gh; 2010)
epyf;fliy +.3300-3400 +. 2900 - +. 3200 tiu Ftpz;lhYf;F
Ftpz;lhy;
vs; (rptg;g[) +.36 fpnyh +. 37- 40 (fpnyhtpw;F)
vs; (bts;is) +.45 fpnyh +. 48-50 tiu (fpnyhtpw;F)
kyh] - 2 55 ,jH;; - 2
mWtil gpd;rhh; bjhHpy; El;gj; Jiwapd; gapw;rpfs;
t. fl;lzk;
gapw;rpapd; bgah] njjp fhyk;
vz;. (+)
1. mLkidg] bghUl;fs; 10.8.2010 – ,uz;L
jahhpj;jy; 11.8.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
2. krhyh bghUl;fs; kw;Wk; 18.8.2010 – ,uz;L

CWfha; jahhpj;jy; 19.8.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
3. rhf;nyl;/ kpl;lha; 7.9.2010 – ,uz;L

tiffs; jahhpj;jy; 8.9.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
4. kjpg;g{l;lg;gl;l bey;ypf;fha; 21.9.2010 – ,uz;L

czt[fs; jahhpj;jy; 22.9.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
5. Jhpj czt[fs; jahhpj;jy; 5.10.2010 – ,uz;L

6.10.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
6. tzpfKiwapyhd fha;fwp/ 19.10.2010 – ,uz;L

gHg;bghUl;fs; 20.10.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
jahhpj;jy;
7. gjg;gLj;jg;gl;l czt[fspd; 27.10.2010 – ,uz;L

juf;fl;Lg;ghLfs; kw;Wk; 28.10.2010 ehs;fs; 1/000/-
ghJfhj;jy;
nkYk; tptu';fSf;F
nguhrphpah; kw;Wk; jiyth]
mWtilgpd; rhh; bjhHpy; El;g Jiw
ntshz; bghwpapay; fy;Y}hp kw;Wk; Muha;r;rp epiyak;
nfhit - 641 003
bjhiyngrp vz; : 0422 - 6611268
kyh] - 2 56 ,jH;; - 2
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz:ik
rpwg]ghrphpah]
Kidth] g. KUnfr g{gjp
Jiznte;jh]
cGnthk; ciHg]nghk; cah]nthk;
Mrphpah] : Kidth] gh. fiyr;bry;td;

tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;Feh]
Mrphpah] FG : jpUkjp. ,uh. rrpfyh
cjtpg] nguhrphpah] (,jHpay;)
: Kidth; m. ntyha[jk;
nguhrphpah; (cHtpay;)
: Kidth; nfh. mUs;bkhHpr; bry;td;
nguhrphpah; (kz;zpay;;)
: Kidth; eh. kzptz;zd;
,izg; nguhrphpah; (gaph; bgUf;fk;)
: Kidth; ,y. g[fnHe;jp
nguhrphpah; (njhl;lf;fiy)
: Kidth; jp. uFre;jh;
nguhrphpah; (nehapay;)
: Kidth; gh. _jh;
nguhrphpah; (gz;iz ,ae;jputpay;)
: Kidth] j. fiyr; bry;tp
,izg; nguhrphpah; (tdtpay;)
: Kidth] eh. _uhk;
cjtpg; nguhrphpah; (tphpthf;ff; fy;tp)
btspaPL
Mrphpah]
cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz:ik
tphpthf;ff; fy;tp ,af;ffk;
jkpH;ehL ntshz:ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfk;
nfhak;g[j;J}h] - 641 003
bjhiyngrp vz: - 0422 - 6611315
Uzhavarin Valarum Velanmai
Regd. No. : DRO / CBE / Ref. No/ 25381 / 09 / E 2 / 2009

Title Code : TN / TAM /18594/09
Postal Regn. No. CB/063/2009 - 2011
D ¼ káVõç\ ÄÍ>V ØÄK

ò Ý] s
ká â
ö[ Ï
c wk
ïá V
ÄÍ>V Ø>VçïçB gEöB, cwkö[ káòD ¼káVõç\

¨[Å ØÃBö_ kºþ kç«¼kVçé ( DD ) ¶_ém
Ãðsç¦ ( MO ) ¨|Ým
ÿµÂïõ¦ xïköÂz ¶Ð©Ã¡D
gEöB
cwkö[ káòD ¼káVõç\
>tµåV| ¼káVõç\© Ã_ïçéÂïwïD
¼ïVBDAÝ# ‡ 641 003.
Ø>Vçé¼ÃE : 0422-6611315 gEöB
Published by Dr. P. Kalaiselvan and owned by/on behalf of Tamil Nadu
Agricultural University and published from Directorate of Extension
Education,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003 and
printed by M.Mohamed Ali at M/s. Udhayam Achagam, 1540,Thadagam Road,
Opp. Rajkamal Estate, Velandipalayam, Coimbatore - 641 025.
Editor : Dr. P. Kalaiselvan

CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik

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CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik CHTHPD Tsuk NTSHZ Ik

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cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik

Mf!:l; 2010 kyh] 2 ,jH; 2

jkpH;ehL ntshz:ikg] gy;fiyf;fHfk;

1. jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf bjhiyJ}uf;fy;tp

cHthpd; tsUk; ntshzik

jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHf

jhk; <LgLk; ntshz;ikj; bjhHpypy;/ jhd; xU gl;ljhhpahf

khdhthhp rhFgof;nfw;w g[jpa bey; ,ufk; - “mz;zh 4”

bjd; jkpHfj;jpy; ,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if khtl;l';fspy; Rkhh]

fhy (100 - 105 ehl;fs;) ,ufkhd ,J twl;rpiaj; jh';fp tsuf;ToaJk;/

moa[uk; : Cl;lnkw;wpa bjhG cuk; 750 fpnyh my;yJ 25

gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[k; gl;L cw;gj;jpa[k;

gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]g[ kdpj ehfhPfj;njhL/ gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd

gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[/ ntshz; rhh]e;j Jizj; bjhHpy;fSs; kpf

cyfstpy; gl;Lg; g[G tsh;g;g[

,e;jpahtpy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[

gl;L cw;gj;jpf;Fk; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[f;Fk; rPd njrnk gpwg;gplkhff;

,e;jpahtpy; ky;bghp/ jrhh]/ vhp/ \fh nghd;w ehd;F tifahd

bjd;dpe;jpahtpy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[

ikNh] muruhd jpg;g[ Ry;jhd; Kaw;rpapdhy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]g[

bjd;dhl;oy;/ 1700fspy; mwpKfk; bra;ag;gl;lJ. ikNiur; Rw;wpa[s;s

jkpHfj;jpy; Kiwahd ky;bghp rhFgo/ gl;Lg]g[G tsh]g]gpd;

jkpH;ehl;oy; gl;Lg;g[G tsh;g;g[

jkpH;ehl;oy; ky]bghpahdJ Rkhh] 30/000 Vf;fh; gug;gstpy; ,witg;

,d;iwa fhy fl;l';fspy; cHth]fspilna bgUfp tUk;

15 ld;fshf ,Ue;j ,iy tpisr;ry; 24 ld;fshf cah;e;Js;sJ. ,jd;

btw;wpfukhd gl;Lg;g[G tsh]g]gpw;F mwptpay; g{h]tkhd Kiwapy;

jw;rkak; gl;L cw;gj;jp bjhHpy; gy;ntW khw;w';fisr] re;jpj;J

1. rPuhd Kl;il cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; rpwg;ghd tH';fy; jpl;l';fs;

2. gl;Lf;Tl;od; juj;jpw;F Vw;w tpiy eph]zak;

3. cw;gj;jp brytpidf] Fiwf;f Kw;gLjy;

4. xg;ge;j gz;iza Kiwapy; bjhHpy; bra;a Cf;Ftpj;jy;

5. bjhHpy; bjhl';f/ nkk;gLj;j muR khdpa jpl;l';fs;

6. xU';fpize;j gz;iza Kiwia Cf;Ftpj;jy;

7. gl;L jtpu kw;wit cw;gj;jp bra;a Kaw;rpj;jy;

jukhd gl;Lf;TL cw;gj;jpapy; caph] cu';fspd; g';F

8. itl;lkpd;fs;/ Md;l;ogahof; Mfpatw;iw cw;gj;jp bra;J gapUf;F

9. mnrh!; i ghpy; y k; ,l; l ky; b ghpapd; ,iyfis cz; q k;

F elt[ taypy; 2 fpnyh (10 bghl;ly';fs;) xU Vf;fUf;F njitahd

ky;bghpf;F ,Lk; braw;if kzpr]rj;J cu';fspy; Rkhh] 15-20 rjk;

1. fiuahj kzpr]rj;ijf; fiuj;J ky;bghpf;F vLj;Jf; bfhLf;fpwJ.

2. kzpr]rj;J cuj;ij 25 rjtpfpjk; Fiwj;J ,lyhk;.

3. ,iy kfNy; mjpfhpf;Fk;.

4. ,iyfspd; gr]irak;/ kht[r]rj;J/ g[ujr]rj;J Mfpait mjpfhpf;

5. gl;Lg]g[G Tl;od; juKk;/ vila[k; mjpfhpf;f tha;g]g[s;sJ.

,e;j Ez;qaph] g{rz tifiar] rhh]e;jJ MFk;. ,e;j Ez;qaph]

1. ,e; j Ez; q aph; kzpr; r j; i j kl; L ky; y hky; / Ez; q }l; l r;

2. brofs; mjpf mstpy; ePiu vLj;Jf; bfhs;st[k; cjt[fpwJ.

3. ,it ntiuj; jhf; F k; rpy fpUkpfs; / E}w; g [ G f; f splkpUe; J

4. ,g] g{rzk; kz; z py; cs; s ed; i k jUk; Ez; q aphpfis

xU rJu kPl;lUf;F 100 fpuhk; tp. V. ikf;nfhiurh g{rzj;ij xU

cHth]fs; nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l Ez;qaph] cu';fisg] gad;gLj;jp

tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk; - cHth]fspd; tpobts;sp

tpij fpuhkj; jpl;lk;

,j;jpl;lj;jpid jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;fHfk; mjd; tpij

gUj;jpapy; Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj;jpl;l

kj;jpa gUj;jp Muha;r]rp epWtdk;

"bts;isj; j';fk"; vd;w rpwg]g[g] bgahplg]gl;L miHf;fg]gLk;

cyfstpy;/ gUj;jpr] rhFgoapy; ,uz;lhtJ ,lj;ijg] gpog]gjw;F

,j; jpl;lk; ek; ehl;od; gUj;jp cw;gj;jpj; jpwd; nkk;gLtjw;F kpft[k;

Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj;jpl;lk; - njhw;wk;

tpsf;fj; jply;fs; mikf;Fk; Kd;dpiy bray; tpsf;fj; jpl;lkhFk;. ,j;

jpl;lj;jpidr] bray;gLj;Jk; epWtd';fs;