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Lecture 2 - Inverse Laplace Transforms
Lecture 2 - Inverse Laplace Transforms
LECTURE 2
Examples: Find the Inverse Laplace of the following by inspection (using a table).
2 2𝑠
1: ℒ −1 { 3 } = 𝒕𝟐 5. ℒ −1 { ( } = 𝒕 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒕
𝑠 𝑠2+1) 2
2 1
2 ℒ −1 { } = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐𝒕 6. ℒ −1 { } = 𝒆−𝟓𝒕
𝑠2 +4 𝑠+5
𝑠 6
3. ℒ −1 { } = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟓𝒕 7. ℒ −1 { ( } = 𝒕𝟑 𝒆𝟗𝒕
𝑠2 +25 𝑠−9)4
𝑠 2𝑠 𝟏
4. ℒ −1 { } = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐡 𝟓𝒕 8. ℒ −1 { ( } = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡 𝟐𝒕
𝑠2 −25 𝑠2−4) 2 𝟐
LINEARITY
Examples:
4 1
1. ℒ −1 { } = 4ℒ −1 { } = 𝟒𝒆𝟐𝒕
𝑠−2 𝑠−2
1 3 1 1 3 𝟏
2. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝒕
𝑠2 +9 3 𝑠2 +9 3 𝑠2 +9 𝟑
5𝑠+4 5𝑠 4 1 2
3. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { 3 + 3 } = 5ℒ −1 { 2 } + 2ℒ −1 { 3 } = 𝟓𝒕 + 𝟐𝒕𝟐
𝑠3 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
6 6 1 1 𝟑
4. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = 3ℒ −1 { } = 𝟑𝒆𝟐𝒕
2𝑠−3 2 𝑠−3 𝑠−
3
2 2
Examples:
1 1 1 √8 𝟏
1. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 {
2 }=
2 𝒆𝒕 𝐬𝐢𝐧 √𝟖 𝒕
𝑠2 −2𝑠+9 (𝑠−1) 2+(√8) √8 (𝑠−1) 2+(√8) √𝟖
𝑠−3 𝑠−3
2. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 {( } = 𝒆𝟑𝒕 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟒𝒕
𝑠2 −6𝑠+25 𝑠−3) 2+16
1 1 1 1 1 1 𝟏
3. ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = ℒ −1 { } = 𝒆𝒕 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡 𝒕
4𝑠2 −8𝑠 4(𝑠−1) 2−4 4 (𝑠−1) 2−1 4 (𝑠−1) 2−1 𝟒
PARTIAL-FRACTION DECOMPOSITIONS
1
Example1: Use partial fraction to decompose
(𝑠+1)(𝑠2+1)
1 𝐴 𝐵𝑠 + 𝐶
2 = + 2
(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 1) (𝑠 + 1) (𝑠 + 1)
1 ≡ 𝐴 (𝑠 2 + 1) + (𝐵𝑠 + 𝐶)(𝑠 + 1)
(0) 𝑠 2 + (0) 𝑠 + 1 ≡ (𝐴 + 𝐵) 𝑠 2 + (𝐵 + 𝐶 )𝑠 + (𝐴 + 𝐶)
Equating,
1 1 1
(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 0, (𝐵 + 𝐶 ) and (𝐴 + 𝐶 ) = 1 so that 𝐴 = , 𝐵 = − and 𝐶 =
2 2 2
Therefore,
𝒔 𝟏
1 𝟏/𝟐 − +
≡ + 𝟐 𝟐
(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 2 + 1) (𝒔 + 𝟏) (𝒔 𝟐 + 𝟏)
1
Example2: Use partial fraction to decompose
(𝑠2+1)(𝑠2+4𝑠+8)
1 𝐴𝑠 + 𝐵 𝐶𝑠 + 𝐷
= 2 + 2
(𝑠 2 2
+ 1)(𝑠 + 4𝑠 + 8) (𝑠 + 1) (𝑠 + 4𝑠 + 8)
𝟒 𝟕 𝟒 𝟗
1 − 𝒔+ 𝒔+
≡ 𝟔𝟓𝟐 𝟔𝟓 + 𝟔𝟓 𝟔𝟓
(𝑠 2 + 1)(𝑠 2 + 4𝑠 + 8) (𝒔 + 𝟏) (𝒔 𝟐 + 𝟒𝒔 + 𝟖)
2𝑠2 −4
Example3: Use partial fraction to decompose
(𝑠+1)(𝑠−2)(𝑠−3)
2𝑠 2 − 4 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + +
(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 − 2)(𝑠 − 3) (𝑠 + 1) (𝑠 − 2) (𝑠 − 3)
Therefore,
𝟏 𝟒 𝟕
2𝑠 2 − 4 − −
= 𝟔 + 𝟑 + 𝟐
(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 − 2)(𝑠 − 3) (𝒔 + 𝟏) (𝒔 − 𝟐) (𝒔 − 𝟑)
4𝑠+12
2. Find ℒ −1 { }
𝑠2 +8𝑠+16
5𝑠2 −15𝑠−11
3. Find ℒ −1 { ( }
𝑠+1)(𝑠−2) 3
1
4. Find ℒ −1 { }
𝑠( 𝑠2 +4)
𝑠+3
5. Find ℒ −1 { }
4𝑠2 +4𝑠−3