IMPACT 4.04.

00 29/04/2021

Chassis ID Path
A 648791 200/Diagnostics//Abnormal smoke, fault tracing. Symptom fault tracing

Model Identity
FM 95365017

Publish date ID/Operation

21/02/2006

White or grey smoke

White smoke

White odourless smoke when starting and/or during driving during cold weather is completely normal and does not
indicate a fault. The white smoke is a result of completely normal small amounts of water in air that evaporates during
combustion and condenses when it comes into contact with the cold air. Note that larger cooling areas in the exhaust
and silencer system means greater amounts of white smoke generated in cold starts and at low ambient temperatures.

In extreme cases, coolant may enter the engine via an inlet or exhaust duct and produce white smoke. In such cases
this is indicated by loss of coolant.

Grey smoke

Grey smoke is a mixture of black smoke and steam and often occurs during cold weather. Therefore, where grey
smoke is generated, the fault detection procedures for black smoke can be used, see Black smoke.

Step 1: Fault code readings

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

1/4
IMPACT 4.04.00 29/04/2021

Active and inactive fault codes registered can point to faults, but can also be useful in searching for the symptom
cause. Freeze frames with information for specific fault codes, can also be useful when searching for symptom causes.

Fault tracing, using relevant service information, must always be carried out for relevant fault codes.
Components/functions of special interest:

MID 128, Engine control unit

PID 45 Starting heater status relay

PID 107 Pressure drop, air filter

PID 111 Coolant level

PPID 122 Engine compression brake, VEB

PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor

SID 70 Starting heater 1

Step 2: Visual check

Check the oil level.

Check the coolant level.

Step 3: Tests

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

2/4
IMPACT 4.04.00 29/04/2021

The results of the following tests, carried out using VCADS Pro, can show which systems or which components may be
the cause of the symptom. These tests can also eliminate components or systems with no faults or malfunctions.

33311–3 Pre-heating, test

25340-3 Temperature control function, test
Note. Check that the temperature control function operates correctly. Abnormal smoke generation can occur if
the temperature control function is activated incorrectly.
50008–3 Auxiliary brakes, test
Note. Check that the engine brake functions correctly. Abnormal smoke generation can occur if the exhaust
brake is activated incorrectly.
25006-3 Inlet and exhaust systems, check
21006-3 Cylinder compression, test
23016-3 Cylinder balancing, check
28407-3 Sensor values, check
Note. Abnormal smoke generation can occur if any or several sensors display abnormal values.
23712-3 Unit injector shut off

Step 4: Component and function checks

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

3/4
IMPACT 4.04.00 29/04/2021

The following checks should be carried out in the specified order until the fault is found. These checks also can help
eliminate components with no faults or malfunctions. The number of tests and the sequence depends on the following:
results from tests and fault codes, vehicle condition, vehicle service and repair history, other symptoms, and
information from the driver.

Fuel quality, check

Check that the fuel quality is good (not mixed with water or other additives).
Carbon monoxide in the coolant, check
Check that there is no carbon monoxide in the coolant.
See: Low compression, fault tracing (Check list G), Diagnosis, group 2103.
Intercooler, check
Check that the charge air cooler does not leak and that all hoses and connections are not damaged or blocked.
See: Boost pressure, fault tracing (Check list A), Diagnosis, group 2550.
Exhaust pressure governor, shutter
Check that the exhaust pressure governor shutter is free and has not become stuck in the closed or semi-closed
position.
See: Exhaust pressure governor, fault tracing (Checklist E), Diagnosis, group 2538
Exhaust pressure governor, check
Check the exhaust pressure governor function, input signals, power supply and air supply.
See: Exhaust pressure governor, fault tracing (Checklist E), Diagnosis, group 2538
VCB control valve, check
Check the condition of the VCB control valve.
See: Engine brake, fault tracing (Check list O), Diagnosis, group 2531.
Rocker arm shaft oil pressure, check
Check that the oil pressure in the rocker arm shaft is within the specification value.
See: Engine brake, fault tracing (Check list O), Diagnosis, group 2531.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

4/4