What is the tallest tower in Shanghai?

BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower: China recently witnesses an architectural

revolution especially in skyscrapers and stadiums construction. It is expected in 2015 that
106 buildings of 200 meter or greater will be completed in China. One of these buildings is
Shanghai tower, a mega tall skyscraper with more than 600-meter height. This structure
will be the tallest tower in China and the second tallest building in the world. [i]

Read more:
1. Record-breaker: ‘Shanghai Tower’ The World’s Second
Tallest Building Completed in Shanghai
2. Piercing the Sky – What is the Tallest Building in the World?
3. Jeddah Tower: 10 Things to Know About The World’s Tallest
Building in 2020

 
Courtesy of CTBUH.
 Courtesy of CTBUH.

The design and construction process of a mega tall tower is very difficult and complicated
project. Such projects need a proficient qualified project management that can coordinate
effectively between the different teams. The tower is a considerable example of successful
outstanding management for this type of skyscrapers.
The tower is a multi-functional building. It includes nine different functional zones with 7
structural systems and more than 30 electrical, mechanical, and intelligent subsystems. It
is a complicated structure that requires a large number of specialists and professions in
different disciplines to come together. Hence, the project employed more than 30
consulting companies in architectural structure, mechanical and electrical engineering, fire
protection, and curtain wall design. It also contracted with a dozen of subcontractors in
foundation, structure, and machinery. [ii]
 Courtesy of Gensler

This huge number of employees and specialists put the project managers in front of a
challenge to find an effective strategy for coordination system. They search for an effective
information technology that achieves a flexible unison between all disciplines through one
unified platform [ii]. For this goal, they adopted BIMtechnology.
 Courtesy of Gensler

Building Background
The tower is located in Lujiazui district, in Pudong, and is considered one of the leading
financial centers in East Asia. Gensler Company designed the tower through an
international multi-staged design competition. The tower is considered one of three
distinct buildings that present the past, present and the future of Shanghai city. The design
was inspired by Shanghai traditions, and its spiraling form presents the dynamic
emergence of modern China. [iii]
 Courtesy of Gensler

The tower is 632 meters height with 121 storeys. It vertically divided into 9 functional
zones, each zone rises 12 to 15 floors with a public space balcony within curtain walls. The
lowest ground zone occupied by an open market that connects the tower with the
surrounded activities and Shanghai’s Metro, whereas the podium zone involves stores
and restaurants. The offices occupy the middle zone while the hotel was placed in the top
with the observation deck [iii]. The construction of the building started in 2009 and it is
predicted to be opened in 2015. [iv]
Courtesy of Gensler
Courtesy of CTBUH – Photographer: Terri Meyer Boake.
Overview of BIM Implementation
As we know, BIM technology has proven lately valuable efficiency in the systematization of
different construction projects mainly in collaboration, coordination, and sharing data. It
unifies the platform for all disciplines to share their design files. It is an effective
information system that creates a database for all design and construction phases. This
database considers the DNA of the building and can be a reference for future maintenance
and development [ii]. For that reason, Shanghai’s Tower Construction
& Development decided to employ this technology in operating the design, structure, and
construction processes of the tower. Jianping Gu, director andgeneral manager of the
company explains, “We knew that if we tried to work in a traditional way, using traditional
tools and delivery systems, it would be extremely difficult to carry out this project
successfully.” [v]
 Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development.

Accordingly, BIM application system was implemented and run since the first phase of the
project at the end of 2008[ii]. Autodesk applications were chosen for the system by
applying Revit Architecture, Structure and MEP software for the design and documentation
processes. Whereas Autodesk Naviswork Manage software was used to facilitate the
coordination between the employees. Ecotect Analysis was also utilized for environmental
analysis. In addition, Autodesk Consulting implemented on-site BIM environment for the
local team and afforded training and support services. “By combining Autodesk’s BIM
technology and the deep expertise of Autodesk Consulting, we have been able to
successfully transition to BIM much faster. As a result, this project has set new standards
for the information management of construction projects in China,” says Gu. [v]

Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development

Shanghai Tower’s Geometry
The flowing spiraling form of the tower was generated from a rounded triangular plan. This
rounded triangle was derived from the relationship between the curved bank of Huangpu
River, Jin Mao Tower, and the Shanghai World Financial Center. This attractive and
distinctive form will be a milestone in Shanghai city for representing China as a global
financial power.  [iii]
Courtesy of CTBUH – Photographer: Tansri Muliani.
Gensler Company designed the tower according to three main components that are
parametrically modified and twisted:

1. Horizontal Profile:
It is shaped as an equilateral triangle with smooth edges derived from two tangential
curves. There are two variables that shaped the profile: The radius of the large circle and
its location to the center of the equilateral triangle. [vi]

Courtesy of Gensler.
 Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development

   2. Vertical Profile:

It is modeled by tapering the ground horizontal profile with the upper one, which resulted
a right circular cone. The taper operation supported the function of the building. The wide
lower profile afforded wide spans for the market and offices, whereas the slender upper
plans provided short spans for the hotel. [vi]
 Courtesy of Gensler

 
Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development.
Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development.
Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development.
 Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development.

3. Rate of Twist:
It is a linear rotation operation from the base to the top. This process used different
rotation angles to find out the best angle for the design. [vi]
Courtesy of Gensler.
Courtesy of Gensler.
 Courtesy of Shanghai Tower Construction & Development

The design team generated a number of alternatives for the geometry depending on two

variables: the percentage of tapering operation and the angle of a twisting process. They
built two models with different scales; 1:85 and 1:500. These models were examined by
Wind Tunnel Test to determine the best alternative design that can bear the wind loads.
The test concluded that the form should be tapered 55% and twisted 120o. These values
create a geometry that reduces 24% in structural wind loads and cladding pressure and
saves 50 $ million USD from structure budget. [vi]
Courtesy of Gensler.
 Courtesy of Gensler.

After all, we notice that the design process of Shanghai tower was not simple and
effortless. It is undergone many studies and experiments that resulted a light elegant
transparent tower that achieved 32% saving of the estimated materials for its
construction. [iii]
 Courtesy of Gensler

 
[i] Safarik, Daniel, Antony Woods, Marty Carver and Marshall Gerometta. “An All-Time
Record 97 Buildings of 200 Meters or Higher Completed in 2014.” CTBUH 2014 Year in
Review Report, The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, (2014).  www.ctbuh.org
[ii] Ge, Qing. “BIM Applications in the Shanghai Tower Construction.”  CTBUH 2012 9th
World Congress, Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, Shanghai, China (2012).
[iii] Gensler. “Design Update of Shanghai Tower.”  Gensler Publications, (2010)
www.gensler.com
[iv] The Skyscrapers Center. “Shanghai Tower.” The Global Data Base of CTBUH,(2015).
www.skyscraperscenter.com
[v] Autodesk. “Rising the New Heights with BIM.” Autodesk. Inc, (2012).
www.autodesk.com/bim.
[vi] Zeljic, Aleksandar. “Shanghai Tower, Façade Design Process.” 2010 International
Conference on Building Envelope Systems and Technologies, Vancouver, Canada, (2010).
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Visualization Design of Shanghai Tower.

Tallest Buildings in 2015.

Tallest Buildings in 2014.

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Shanghai Tower.
Shanghai Tower.
Shanghai Tower.
Shanghai Tower.
Shanghai Tower.
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Shanghai Tower.
Shanghai Tower.
Parametric Design of Shanghai Tower.

BIM Technology of Shanghai Tower.

Diagram of the World's Tallest in 2020.

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower
Case Study: BIM implementation in Shanghai Tower

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