PERCOBAAN 3

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

D4 Sistem Kelistrikan 4B
Oleh:
Ilham Via Pratama Saputra 1741150055 / (11)

JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO

PROGRAM STUDI D4 SISTEM KELISTRIKAN

POLITEKNIK NEGERI MALANG

2020
 LABORATORY JOBSHEET 3
TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

1. TRANSIENT ANALYSIS ON CRITICAL FAULT CLEARING TIME (CFCT).

1.1 Objectives:
1. Determine Critical Fault Clearing Time (CFCT).
2. Observe first swing and second swing unstable situations.
3. Discuss other interesting things.
1.2 Steps:
1.2.1 1. Load Project
TS_IEEE9Bus.
1.2.2 2. First Run
1. Create a study case FaultLine3 (a sustained fault).
2. Pada menu Events atau mengatur waktu dan skenario kejadian menjadi
seperti gambar dibawah
3. Jalankan Transien Anilisis
4. Atur Slider ke kanan

5. Cek list kejadian

6. Hasil Load Flow Analisis
7. Run FaultLine3 and check generator rotor angle plots (G1;G2;G3)
Generator 1 (End 5)
Generator 1 (End 1)

Generator 2 (End 5)
Generator 2 (End 1)
Generator 3 (End 5)
Generator 3 (End 1)
8. Identify G2 rotor relative rotor angle reaches 180º at approximately 0.341 sec. @ 1st
swing

Generator 2 (End 5)

Generator 2 (End 1)
 • Power Angle (Relative) – synchronous generator power (rotor) angle with respect to
the reference machine in degree equals the generator’s absolute power (rotor) angle
subtracting the reference machine’s absolute power (rotor) angle; the relative power
(rotor) angle is the indicator of the generator stability
• Power Angle (Absolute) – synchronous generator absolute power (rotor) angle is
solved from the generator swing equation in degree

1.2.3 3. Second Run

Add an action to open Line3 at 0.3 sec. (< 0.341 sec.).
Rerun the case and check generator rotor angle plots.
Identify G2 rotor relative angle reaches 180º at approximately 0.351 sec. (> 0.341 s

ec.) @ 1st swing.

1.2.4 4. Third Run
Reduce the action time to open Line3 to 0.2 sec.
Rerun the case and check generator rotor angle plots.

Identify G2 rotor relative angle reaches 180º at approximately 0.461 sec. @ 1st swi

ng.
1.2.5 5. Forth Run
Reduce the action time to open Line3 to 0.14 sec.
Rerun the case and check generator rotor angle plots.
Identify G2 rotor relative angle reaches 180º degree at approximately 2.911 sec. @

2nd swing.
1.2.6 6. Fifth Run
Further reduce the action time to open Line3 to 0.138 sec.
Rerun the case and check generator rotor angle plots.
G2 rotor relative angle is less than 137º during the entire oscillation.
Fault Clearing Time – FCT Max G2 Rotor Angle
Time (sec) Remarks
(sec) (º)
0.116 (with 1 cycle margin) 109º N/A N/A
0.3 180º 0.356 1st swirng
0.2 180º 0.478 1st swing
0.14 130º 1,37. 2nd swing
0.138. (CFCT) 128º 1,35 N/A
1.2.7 7. Conclusions
Critical Fault Clearing Time (CFCT) = 0.138 sec. (= 8 cycles).
Usually give one cycle transient stability margin. So CFCT = 7 cycles.
1.2.8 8. Final Run
Set the action time to open Line3 to CFCT = 7 cycles = 0.116 sec.
Rerun the case and check generator rotor angle plots.
G2 rotor relative angle is less than 115º during the entire oscillation.
 Generator 2 End 5

Generator 2 End 1 (0,116 sec)

ANALISA DAN KESIMPULAN
2. TRANSIENT ANALYSIS ON FAULT ISOLATION, BUS TRANSFER, LOAD
SHEDDING
2.1 Objectives
1. Enter Synchronous Generator Data
2. Set Up Study Case Parameters
3. Check One-Line Display, Plots, Reports
4. Simulate A Bus Fault
5. Determine Critical System Separation Time
6. Perform Fault Isolation / System Separation
7. Perform Bus Transfer by checking Bus Voltage/Hz Vector Difference
8. Perform Load Shedding Using Frequency Relay
2.2 Steps
2.3 Load Project
TS_Example2
2.3.1 Enter Generator Data
1. Generator : Gen1
2. Imp/Model Page
(a) Rotor Type : Round-Rotor
(b) Dynamic Model : Subtransient (Typical Data)
3. Inertia Page
(a) Generator Inertia : 0.9 MW-sec/MVA
4. Exciter Page
(a) Exciter Type : 1 (Sample Data)
5. Governor Page
(a) Governor Type : ST1 (Sample Data)
6. PSS Page
(a) PSS Type : None
2.3.2 Edit Study Case to Simulate a Bus Fault

1. Events Page (Solution Parameters)

(a) Simulation Time Step : 0.001 sec.
(b) Plot Time Step : 10 x dt.
(c) Total Simulation Time : 10 sec.
2. Events Page (Events)

(a) Event ID : FaultMainBus

(b) Time : 0.5 sec.

3. Events Page (Actions)

(a) Device Type : Bus

(b) Device ID : Main Bus

(c) Action : 3 Phase Fault

4. Plot Page

(a) Plot Syn. Generator : Gen1

(b) Plot Ind. Machines, MV : Mtr2, Pump 1

(c) Plot Bus : Main Bus, Sub2B, Sub22, Sub23

2.3.3 Re-run TS Study (1th time) GANGGUAN DI MAIN BUS 0.500 sec
1. Run Transient Stability
• Run 1st

• List Fault
2. Observe one-line display, plots and reports
• Load Flow
• Generator Absolute Power Angle (Saat Gangguan Main Bus 0.500 sec)

• Generator Relative Power Angle (Saat Gangguan Main Bus 0.500 sec)
➢ 5 End

➢ 1 End
• Generator Output Power MW (Saat Gangguan Main Bus 0.500 sec)

• Generator Output Power MVAR (Saat Gangguan Main Bus 0.500 sec)

• Generator Speed (Saat Gangguan Main Bus 0.500 sec)

2.4 Modify Study Case to Isolate the Fault by System Separation
1. Events Page (Events)
(a) Event ID (new) : SysSeparate
(b) Time : 0.7 sec.
2. Events Page (Actions)
(a) Device Type (1)st : Circuit Breaker
(b) Device ID : CB2
(c) Action : Open
(d) Device Type (2)nd : Circuit Breaker
(e) Device ID : CB10
(f) Action : Open
(g) Device Type (3)rd : Generator
(h) Device ID : Gen1
(i) Action : Isoch.
3. Dyn Model Page
(a) Reference Machine
Auto Assign A Reference Machine for each Sub-system

2.4.1 Re-run TS Study (2th time)

• Run 2st

• List Fault
• Load Flow
1. Observe Gen1 power angle, output power, Efd, etc.
• Generator Power Angle (Absolute Gen 1)

• Generator Power Angle (Relative Gen 1)

➢ End 5

➢ End 1
 • Generator Output Power MW

• Generator Output Power MVAR

• Generator Speed
 2. Observe bus voltages.
3. Observe Mtr2 and Pump 1 slip, acceleration power, etc.
2.5 Modify Study Case to Simulate A Bus Transfer
Check voltage/Hz difference and voltage angle between bus Sub22 and Bus23
to find out an appropriate transferring time. (Note: Per standard, Voltage/Hz
between the two busses should be less than 1.33 p.u. or 133%).
1. Events Page (Events)
(a) Event ID (new) : BusTransfer
(b) Time : 0.75 sec. (3 cycles)
2. Events Page (Actions)
(a) Device Type : Circuit Breaker

(b) Device ID : CB25

(c) Action : Close
• Run 3st

• List Action 3st

• Load Flow
2.5.1 Re-run TS Study (3th time)

Load Group MW Loading Control Interlock Priority

DC System 0.658 CB19 Lower Priority
Sub3 Net 1.447 CB9 Higher Priority

1. Observe Mtr2 slip, acceleration power, voltage, etc.

2. Observe system frequency
3. Observe bus Sub22, Sub 23 voltages
Analisa
2.5.2 Modify Study Case to Use LTC to Improve Bus Voltage
1. Dyn Model Page
(a) Check Include LTC Action
2.6 Use Frequency Relay to Perform Load Shedding
1. Load Shed Priority Table
2. Option 1: Shed load by event and action
Pada kondisi beban DC system dilepas Oleh Relay Frequensi (81) pada saat
(2.484 sec) dengan membukanya CB 19, maka DC system akan lepas untuk
menstabilkan tegangan pada bus-bus lainnya.
3. Option 2: Shed load by frequency relay
Pada kondisi Subs Net 3 dilepas Oleh Relay Frequensi (81) pada saat (6.391
sec) dengan membukanya CB 9, maka Subs Net 3 akan lepas untuk
menstabilkan tegangan pada bus-bus lainnya.
 (a) FR1 : Activate
(b) Over/Under : Under
(c) Setting (1st) : 96
(d) Unit : %Hz
(e) CB ID : CB19
(f) Action : Open
(g) Delay : 1 sec.
(h) Setting (2nd) : 99
(i) Unit : %Hz
(j) CB ID : CB9
(k) Action : Open
(l) Delay : 5 sec.
4. Set 81 Relay In Service
2.6.1 Re-run TS Study (4th time)
Pada saat 10 secon tegangan sudah stabil dan frequensi stabil

1. Observe system frequency

2. Check Action List View for all actions
3. Observe bus voltages
4. Check to see if there are any other problems
• Generator Power Angle (Absolute Gen 1)

• Generator Power Angle (Relative Gen 1)

➢ End 5
 ➢ End 1

• Generator Output Power MW

• Generator Output Power MVAR

• Generator Speed

Analisa dan Kesimpulan

3. TRANSIENT ANALYSIS ON GENERATOR
3.1 Loading Data
1. Load project GenerationPlant_TS_Sampel1.
2. Select Base revision data, OLV1 presentation, and Operating configuration.
3. Select Salient-Pole Subtransient model and typical data for Gen1 and Gen2.

4. Enter PrimeMover H 0.5 and Generator H 3.5 for Gen1 and Gen2.
5. Select AC2 exciter type and sample data for Gen1 and Gen2.

6. Select ST2 governor type and sample data for Gen1 and Gen2.
7. Select Single2 HV-HS-HT MV4700HP4P model for Mtr1 and accept Update
option.
8. Enter Motor H 1.1 and Load H 0.5 for Mtr1.

9. Select COMP CENT load model for Mtr1.

3.2 Set to Transient Study Mode
10. Open Study Case Editor for TS case.
11. Enter Total Simulation Time 40 sec. and Plot Time Step 50.
12. Add an event 1 at 1.000 sec.
13. Add an action of bus Gen2 Bus 3 Phase Fault to the event 1.
(a) Transient Stability Study Case

(b) Run Transient Stability Analysis (Kondisi Normal)

(c) Transient Stability Time-Slider
- Kondisi 0.101 sec →Gen2 Bus

- Kondisi 1.086 sec → Respon (open) CB13, CB14, CB15 dan CB16
untuk pelepasan beban.
 (d) Transient Stability Action List
- Kondisi 0.101 sec →Gen2 Bus

- Kondisi 1.086 sec → Respon (open) CB13, CB14, CB15 dan CB16
untuk pelepasan beban.

14. Select to plot Gen1, Gen2, Mtr1, bus 241X, 242X, Gen1 Bus, Gen2 Bus, SWGR
251, SWGR 252.
(a) Generator 1
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)
 - Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)
(end 40)

(end 10)

- Speed

(b) Generator 2
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)
- Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)
(end 40)

(end 10)

- Speed
(c) Motor 1
- V/Hz

- MVAR

- Slip
(d) Bus 241X
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
(e) Bus 242X
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
(f) Gen1 Bus
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
(g) Gen2 Bus
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
(h) SWGR 251
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
(i) SWGR 252
- Voltage Angle

- Voltage

- Frequency
3.3 Running Transient Study Mode
15. Run TS study with output FaultGen2Bus.
16. Select both Gen1 and Gen2 to plot. Check Generator Relative Power Angle.
Notice Gen2 power angle exceeds 180 degree (slip-the-pole) at 1.4 sec.
Transient Stability Study Case

17. Open Study Case Editor for TS case.

Transient Stability Time-Slider
 Transient Stability Actions List

18. Add the second event 2 at 1.400 sec. (0.4 sec. after the fault).
19. Add an action of bus Gen2 Bus Clear Fault to the event 2.
20. Run TS study with output ClearFault0_4Sec.
21. Select both Gen1 and Gen2 to plot. Check Generator Relative Power Angle.
Notice Gen2 power angle still exceeds 180 degree (slip-the-pole).
(a) Generator 1
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)
- Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)
(end 40)

(end 10)
(b) Generator 2
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)

- Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)

(end 40)

(end 10)
22. Open Study Case Editor for TS case.
23. Modify the second event (clear fault) time from 1.400 sec. down and run the
study to check Gen2 relative power angle to see whether it will be less than 180
degree (stable).
24. Eventually find out the second event (clear fault) time at 1.300 sec. (0.3 sec.
after the fault) to keep Gen2 relative power angle less than 180 degree (stable).
Save the output ClearFault0_3Sec.
Transient Stability Study Case

Transient Stability Time-Slider

 Transient Stability Actions List

25. Set VR1 In Service and add two UnderVoltage (27) Control Interlock: 70 V%
CB14 and CB15 Open 0.002 sec. Delay.
26. Set VR2 In Service and add two OverVoltage (59) Control Interlock: 90 V%
CB14 and CB15 Close 1.000 sec. Delay.
27. Set VR3 In Service and add two UnverVoltage (27) Control Interlock: 70 V%
CB13 and CB16 Open 0.002 Delay.
28. Set VR4 In Service and add two OverVoltage (59) Control Interlock: 90 V%
CB13 and CB16 Close 1.000 sec. Delay.
(c) Generator 1
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)
- Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)
(end 40)

(end 10)
(d) Generator 2
- Rotor Angle Plot (Absolute)

- Rotor Angle Plot (Relative)

(end 40)

(end 10)
29. Run TS Study with output ClearFault0_3Sec With VRelay.
30. Check Gen2 relative power angle maximum.
31. View Transient Stability Action List for all actions (study case and relay).
32. One Line view at 4.051 sec (CB13, CB14, CB15, CB16 Open).
33. One Line view at 4.051 sec (CB13, CB14, CB15, CB16 Re-Closed).

ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN