“SAR” Games:

THE TECHNIQUE TO HELP STUDENT WRITING AND COMPOUND SENTENCES

THROUGH PICTURE

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to help pupils in build a combined compound sentence
correctly and to help students to increase the percentage of their Bahasa Melayu subject’s
examination score. The study will involve one class of Remove Class students in SMK Alam
Megah. The instruments of the study are student’s midterm test result, formal interview with
their subject teacher before the implementation, pre and post test which will be administered to
students during Bahasa Melayu lesson and observation that will be conducted during the
activity. “SAR” Games method will be used in the class. The aim of activity is to help students to
construct a complete sentence. It is expected that the “SAR” Games activity can help students
build a compound sentence, especially when combined two or more sentences to make a
complete sentences.

1.0 Reflection

During our previous experience teaching as a Guru Sandaran Tidak Terlatih ( GSTT),
we have been assigned to teach Bahasa Melayu subject for Remove Class and Form 1
students. Throughout the years, we face many problems and challenges during the teaching
and learning process. The most major problem is the students cannot build compound
sentences, especially to develop a complete sentence. Moreover, it is hard for students to
combined completed sentences to become the essay.

Through the process of teaching and learning (P & P), we give an exercise to ensure
students understanding on the subject; however majority of the students cannot make any of the
compound sentences to become a complete sentence. Often the answer received was
unsatisfied. This situation worried us because the subject of Bahasa Malayu is the one of
important subject that need to pass especially in SPM.

When students cannot answer the examination or question asked by teacher, they
started to feel Bahasa Melayu is a difficult subject and started to feel bored. “SAR” games can
be very effective and can make the students motivated and the classroom more interesting.
Student will be more motivated in learning as they will involve in building the sentences based
on the picture given and make it as a game. Instead of being passive student, they can become
more active in participating in the activity.

2.0 FOCUS OF THE STUDY

The focus of our research was remove class for Bahasa Melayu subject specifically
Paper 1(essay writing). In our opinion, the problem faced by the students has to be solving so
that they can get good result for their Bahasa Melayu test. It is known to everyone that the mark
for Paper 1 contributes almost half to the total mark of Bahasa Melayu paper. Therefore, it will
be a big problem to the student if they do not master the techniques to write well.

3.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

3.1 General objective:

By the end of the lesson, student should be able to build a combined compound
sentence correctly with or without supported by any picture.

3.2 Specific Objective:

I. Student able to create a simple sentence based on the picture.

II. Student should be able to apply the combined compound sentence in the essay
writing activities properly.
III. Students can express their fun feelings when their successfully build a compound
and combined sentence correctly.
IV. To motivate student and make Malay language as an interesting subject.

3.3 Research Question

a. Can “SAR” games method help student in building compound sentence?

b. How effective the “SAR” games method to students of remove class SMK SMK Alam
Megah?

4.0 TARGET GROUP

 This research involve 12 student from remove class of SMK Alam Megah. There were
consist of 11 Indian and one Chinese. These students score less than 40 marks in their midterm
exam 2012.

5.0 DATA COLLECTION (TRIANGULAR)

There are several methods of data collection that can be used in this study. we are planning several data
collection methods that are appropriate to my research topic. Data collection to be made available in
various forms of assessment instruments in the form of observations, interviews, documentary
evidence, pre-test and post test Information on data collection methods to be made are as follows:

5.1 PRETEST

To identify and understand the students’ problems, a pre test was conducted by giving
the student exercise consists of 10 combine compound sentence questions. Based on the
exercise given, the result can be shown in the table below:

NO. STUDENT NAME MARK/10

1. ADWIN ROY A/L ROBINSON 3
2. DEVAKURUBARAN A/L ANDRASELVAM 2
3. DURGASHINI A/P KARTHIGATEEBAN 5
4. GANESAN A/L M. SIVARAM 4
5. GUGHANAYATI A/P MYELYAHANAM 1
6. HARIKUMARAN A/L KURUNATHAN 3
7. JASON SWEE CHONG KIAN 4
8. NANDHINI A/P A. MOHAN 3
9. RANJIT A/L KARTHIGESU 5
10. SHANMUGANATHAN A/L RAJENDRAN 2
11. SUGUNESWARY A/P JAMES 1
12. THANASEKAR A/L PARAMASIVAM 1

It is to measure the students’ performance in understanding the combine compound sentence

before they introduced to “SAR” games method. Teacher has found that before the program is
introduced, almost all the student cannot answer the correct answer. They even ignored the
question when they cannot understand the sentences.
5.2 INTERVIEW

The researchers obtained information from interviews with teachers (Appendix A), Pn. Anisah who
taught Malay language and found that students usually do not get full or a low scoring on the subject of
Malay language. Malay language teachers are frustrated because of low student achievement in these
subjects. This is a loss to the students. Among the causes of the students do not master the Malay
language well is:

I. Students are less skilled pronunciation and vocabulary and spelling in the Malay language.
II. Students are less skilled to write sentences because of not understanding the topics given
III. Students are not experts in grammar
IV. Students are not used to read information in the Malay language

5.3 OBSERVATION

Direct observations made when researchers can observe and identify the behavior (Appendix B).
Researcher's role is as an observer of behavioral changes, hearing, and reaction or response to an act,
condition or conditions that exist due to the action, development of relationships and interactions in the
classroom during teaching and learning occurs. Direct observation of researchers performed
accompanied by making a note on the movement and activity students, learning environment and
acceptance of our activities during the session learning. Observations will be carried out during the
teaching and learning sessions running. This is to determine how the students' use of treasury Malay
words in sentence construction. Researchers also will explore how students say the word and see how
students communicate in class either when asking questions, answering questions as well as when
communicating with friends in class. Researchers using a check list that lists the student behavior during
teaching and learning process.

3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology refers to the most appropriate method for conduct research and ensures

that effective procedures for answering study the problems. To implement this study effective
methodology

involves the formation of hypotheses formulated, the selection of design, methods data

collection, determine the population and sample selection, pilot test and methods of data

analysis.

3.1 Research Design

This study will be conducted according to processes and procedures in accordance with the

action research model Somekh (1989) as follows:

Step 1 - Identify problem

Researchers went to school and identify problems that occur and focus research to be

accomplished. Once problems are identified, researchers will continue the research to step 2.

Step 2 - Collect data

Researchers plan to interview the class teacher and the Malay language teachers involved in

the sample to be studied, the sample is students from remove class. In addition, researchers

will take the data on the subject of Malay language and interviewed students involved with the

study will be done later.

Step 3 - Analyze the data / form hypothesis

Researchers plan to do pre-test first. This pre-test is a test to be performed before the activity

was carried out on the students. Pre-test will be conducted to determine the level of student

achievement from remove class to combine sentences into complete sentences. This test will

involve 14 students.

Step 4 - action plans

After discussions with my partners, we plan to use “SAR games” in teaching and learning of

Malay language for a remove class. The purpose of this game is to improve student writing skills

and combine sentences through visual techniques.

Step 5 - Implement action plans

Stages of implementing a "SAR games":

Activity 1: Build a simple sentence for every single picture

Activity 2: Select and put suitable conjunction

Activity 3: Build a compound sentence based on picture and conjunction given

Activity 4: write a complete sentences.

Activity 5: student read and understand their complete compound sentences.

Step 6 - Collect Data

Post-test is a test to be carried out after the activity is conducted on the students. Post-test is a

test to be carried out after the activity is conducted on the students. Post-test will be conducted

to determine the level of student improvement after the "SAR" were carried out on these

students through the process of teaching and learning. Post-test questions are the same as pre-

test conducted before.

Step 7 - Analyze and evaluate

Analysis and evaluation will be done by comparing pre and post test results to evaluate the

effectiveness of the activities

Implementation of the study

Method of “SAR" games that means (see, ask and respond). This method is the application of game

theory pioneered by Skinner's Behaviorism in language learning behavior and methodology analysis

Dulay, Burt, and Krashen in second language acquisition strategies (second language acquisition).

According to Skinner, behavior can be done by strengthening the language. Amplification occurs through

stimulus-response process. Stimulus-response repeated will become a habit. Habits formed will be an

automatic. Use this method means that the literature produced are based on a series of pictures or

images of a single image is seen and shown. Typically, a series of pictures will be used as teaching aids
and events found in the pictures that will be used as writing. Pupils can use these photos to get the

contents of sentence topics and integrate into a complete story.

Activity 1 :

Students are divided into 3 groups. Each group consists of 4 students. Each group is asked to appoint a

team leader

Activity 2:

Teacher will introduces the concept of a simple sentence and compound sentence to each group.

Activity 3:

Teacher will give example and explain about SAR games through picture. Students need to

analyze the picture based on the item below:

stimulus respon

Gambar who-whom- Processing of

Examples of
whose- content and
compound
which-what- construct
sentence
where-why- sentence with
how conjunctions

see ask respon

After explanation concept of SAR, teacher will will introduce method of questioning to each group.(
who-whom-whose which-what-where-why-when-how.)
 Kata Tanya Penggunaan
Apa (What) Benda, binatang
Bagaimana (how) Cara
Berapa (how many) Bilangan
Bila (when) Masa
Di mana (where) Tempat
Kenapa (why) Sebab
Mana (which) Tempat
Siapa punya (whom) Siapa punya
Siapa (who) Orang
Yang mana (which) Orang

Activity 4:

Teachers post the pictures of pollution on the board. These pictures are made up of pictures of air

pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Pupils asked to examine the pictures and express an

opinion on these photos. Activities can be undertaken to stimulate discussion of students to express

their views. Teachers recorded the type of pollution given by the pupils. All members of the group asked

to play an active role during the discussions. Each group is supplied with stationery such as paper and

pen marker. Teachers act as facilitators in the process of discussions where the teacher will help the

groups that have problems. Teachers will remind students about the allocation of time to pay attention

and do not waste time.

Activity 5:

Each team leader will present results of their group discussions in the class. Other pupils are asked to

focus and record of the important contents in sheet provided. Each group is asked to record the

contents provided by other groups to avoid duplication of ideas with their group. Ideas given by other

groups can use to add the contents of their importance for the group. Teachers act as facilitators and

monitors the presentation session conducted.

Activity 6:

After that, students are required to write compound sentence based on the picture and contents given.

Students are required to use conjunctions given.

Activity 7:

Some students asked to recite their verse. Other pupils are required to listen carefully and identify the

offenses that are offenses under the composition of their friends.

Activity 8:

Teachers will evaluate the group that succeeded in building a compound sentence with the correct

combination of SAR through the game with the highest total score.

Planning of Execution

Time frame

NO ACTIVITY WEEK

1 1 2 2
 1 Teacher explain about simple
and compound sentence.

2 Student will answer pre test

3 Teacher introduced method of

SAR games in Malay language
subject.

4 Students will implement method

of SAR games during teaching
and learning process. Teacher
will give exercise after
implementation.

5 Students will answer post test

6 Teacher will conduct interview

session towards student

Anticipate problem and suggested solution

ANTICIPATE PROBLEM SUGGESTED SOLUTION

Student not understands the concept of simple
and compound sentences during explanation
Student may give different elaboration of the
picture
Student dot able to understand the explanation of
SAR games
Passive student not involve in group activity
Some student may confuse to choose suitable
conjunction t0 the correct sentence
Student will understand after involve the group
activity
Teacher will provide simple picture
Teacher will give example during explanation
Give them reward to motivate to involve in group
activity
Teacher will help them to explain personally

Conclusion

In order to realize the success of teaching and learning process, teachers should be sensitive to the

selection, appropriate approaches and techniques based on the level of capability and performance of

pupils. The selection method can be a profound impact not only on the understanding of their pupils,
but that affect the soul and touching students. In this way students will focus on a strong and able to

remember the lessons more quickly and last longer. To achieve this goal teachers should know how to

choose appropriate approaches and techniques to attract and along with teaching aids a sophisticated

and attractive. A good teaching method that has the steps and systematic strategy and objectives of

appropriate and accessible. In addition, the goals must be addressed carefully and clearly. Teaching

strategy is one that is very important in any teaching and learning activities.