Walfisch Bertoni Model

Theoretical and experimental models have been considered for the prediction of the path loss in
mobile communications system. However, one knows that in real environment, the received
signal is subject to variations.

Walfisch –Bertoni model, called diffraction model ,is valid for situations uniform building
heights and spacing. The model approaches the buildings as absorbing diffracting edges and
finds the field strength at low grazing angles at what field is settled to a value. The model can
be used to foresee path losses when the height of buildings varies or the center-center spacing of
the rows of the buildings vary.

Walfisch –Bertoni model perfectly solves the application of the single compact models in
different urban
areas.

Walfisch –Bertoni model has not only considered the free space path loss, but also considered
the diffraction loss along the path propagation, as well as the impact of roof and building
heights.

In urban environment, the frequency range is 800 MHz ~ 2000MHz

Formula for Path loss in urban areas is :

D2
L=Lo +57.1+ log f c +18 log D−18 log ( h−hb ) + A−18 log (1− ¿ )¿
17 ( h−hb )

L is the path loss

Lo is the free space path loss
f cis the frequency in MHz
D distance between base station and mobile antenna
h is height of transmitter antenna
h bis the average height of buildings

Where A is a factor on behalf of buildings impact

 db 2 2 ( hb −hm )
A=5 log
[( )
2 ] { [
+(hb−hm )2 −9 log d b +20 log tan −1
db ]}
d b is the center to center spacing between rows of buildings
h m is height of mobile antenna