SECOND ASSISTMENT” COMPETENCE AND PERFORMANCE”

PRESENTED BY:

WARLINYER ORTIZ VENTE

(1111800268)

TEACHER:

ANDREA PAOPLA FIGUEROA RAMIREZ

CORPORACION UNIVERSITARIA DEL CARIBE (CECAR)

LINGÜÍSTICA INGLESA

LIC. EN INGLES (2021)

1.Chomsky’s states the “distinction between competence (the speaker-hearer's knowledge of his

language) and performance (the actual use of language in concrete situations)” He further states

that “Observed use of language cannot constitute the actual subject matter of linguistics. (1Pt.)

A. Based on Chomsky definition about competence and performance, describe how this

competence could be clear evident in an L2 classroom. (You can give examples.)

For Chomsky the competence and the performance are two indispensable elements in lisnguistic,

because competence is the Knowledge that the speakers-hearers have of the lengauage and

performance is the real use of this language in daily situations. Chomsky said that competence

represents mental reality. Then, some ways that competence can be evidence in a classroom are:

1. To do many activities of conversation as method of learning, personal and affective

development in students.

2. language as an engine of problem solving in the school community.

3. provide students material where is explained step by step and they think aloud to solve the

problem.

4. present new material in small amounts and assist students as they practice this material.

5. Also the teachers can Guide the students´ practice, asking students good questions and

providing them feedback of topics they have seen and worked.

6. Check that students understand the material: if this action is done, it can help students not

make too many mistakes.

7. Prepare students for and monitor independent practice ample independent practice is necessary

for school and knowledge to become automatic.

B. Give reasons why performance cannot constitute matter of linguistics but competence

can? Cite at least an author

ANSWER:

According to Chomsky performance cannot constitute a matter of linguistic because it is

determined by linguistic competence which it´s a set of knowledges that allow the speaker of a

language understand and produce an infinitive quantity of sentences grammatically correct. It

refers to the imperfect language of the speakers of a language that can be contrasted with

linguistic competence, because the linguistic competence is a system of rules that, internalized by

the learner, make up their verbal knowledge (expression) and allow people to comprehend an

infinite number of linguistic sentences (comprehension), referred to knowing how to use the

grammatical rules of the language, Chomsky defined the Pragmatic competence as the skill that

the learner acquires to know how to use a language properly, taking you to know the non-

linguistic procedures: requirements, intentions, purposes, etc.In general competence unlike

linguistic performance it refers to the concrete use that individuals make of the language.
1.“We have to account for the fact that a normal child acquires knowledge of sentences, not

only as grammatical, but also as appropriate. He or she acquires competence as to when to

speak, when not, and as to what to talk about with whom, when, where, in what manner

(Hymes).” What does this sentence mean? And how the idea does not necessarily show

Chomsky’s idea about competence and performance? (1Pt.)

ANSWER:

What I can undertand about what hymes says is that the human beings have the ability or capacity

to form statements that not only be grammatically correct but also socially appropriate and from

this emerge certain linguistic capacities that integrate the general competencies of individuals

such as knowing, everything related to social, cultural, scientific knowledge, etc., as well as

knowing how to do; our abilities and skills, as well as knowing how to be; our existential,

attitudinal, values and beliefs competence and finally knowing how to learn. All this with the

purpose of understanding how a set of skills and knowledge allow the speakers and listeners of a

community to understand each other.

It doesn´t show Chomsky idea because according to this author the language is not hold to social

situations rather, language is born from within the individual and at the same time it is defined as

the ability that every human being has innately to be able to speak and create messages that they

have never heard before.

2. Halliday states “Can mean is a ‘realization of can do” this corresponds to the second

criticism of Chomsky’s view of competence and performance and also concern the
functional dimension of a language. Describe the second criticism and the functional

dimension. (1Pt)

ANSWER:

Where we ask like people, which can mean what we do, say and think, how capable we areto do

things, if we are delivered to what we want, where we are made as people despite the time, we

are what we always, we propose, as we do since we were little, to have all those skills that reflect

today, seeing the daily progress of how we learn different things.

And having a look in the functional dimension, the population structure from the identification of

the infrastructural endowment and of the communication that facilitate functional links and the

exchange of goods and services between groups, which we exchange each.

3Is language a unit of linguistic analysis? Explain and cite author(s). (1Pt)

ANSWER:

Language can be defined as a unit of linguistic due to it enroll a variety of signal systems and

structure that difine it as such, which can change according to the Social and Cultural context,

these units can be: The phonological or phonetic unit, the grammatical, morphologic or syntactic

unit, the lexicon and the textual level. So we can conclude that according to Benveniste, the union

and articulation of these units is what will ultimately end up in language.

4. What does Chomsky say opposite to the affirmations on the left? (1Pt)

Langacker, Heine, Tomasello and Chomsky

Jackendoffian
 language is not an autonomous  Reflexive knowledge of the
cognitive faculty language to explore all
 grammar is conceptualization expressive strategies that
allows better social interaction.
 knowledge of language
 Conversation as a mean of
emerges from language use learning, personal and
emotional development
 The construction of equal
relationships as an engine for
conflict resolution in the school
community.

5. What are the schematic constructs? (1Pt)

ANSWER:

INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE
SELECTION

SIMPLIFICATION

COMMUNICATION

SYNTHESIS

UNIVERSALITY

IDIOMS
IDIOMS SCHEME
6.In 1980 Canale and Swain provided a description of competence based on four
categories. What are those categories? Explain. (1Pt)

ANSWER:
COMPETENCES ACCORDING TO CANALE AND
SWAIN

7.After reading all the competences described in the CEFR what do you think CEFR

perception about competence and performance? Is it more related to social or individual?

Is it more linguistic? Or not?

ANSWER:

The statements regarding the aims and objectives of language learning and teaching should be

based on the assessment of the needs of students and society, on the task, activities and linguistic

process that students have to take in order to meet those needs and in the skills and strategies that

they must develop to achieve it, putting them into practice in order to take them into a process,
for example: some students will not need the written language, while others may only be

interested precisely understanding written texts. However, that doesn´t certainly imply that these

students are going to limit.

Themselves to the spoken and written forms of the language respectively, also carrying out the

practices in a recreational form.

8. Write your own conclusions about competence and performance and how these two

terms affect the SLA?

ANSWER:

We can see that there are sets of complex process and skills in a scope of specific knowledge

from the approach that he had to start to talk about other communicative, ideological

competences, this competition helped by knowledge to know one of them, to be able to

demonstrate it, building new things and not depending on anything, having the capacity to

develop them also good disposition performance, vision renewed for its planning, that is

consistent with the characteristics of this society I have seen that it is essential to rethink the basic

concepts of education, carry out strategic planning in universities and explore competences in

accordance with the demands of the working world for professionals, obtaining a good

performance in order to be ´planned and requires knowledge and developments of certain and

specific skills, which will have been chosen according to the desired result. These seemingly

simple approaches keep key ideas such as those associated to specificity in the field, a system of

principles and rules arranged in modules, rules- regulated learning, relationships between

competence and performance.

The fundamental regarding the relationship between competence and performance are

particularly pertinent, since it states that “competence is the theoretical knowledge of the

language, acting is the real use of language in everyday life” (Chomsky 1972).