Daily News

Simplified - DNS
25 06 19

Notes
THE
SL. NO. TOPICS HINDU
PAGE NO.

1 Premature to count India out of RCEP 01

2 A war of masks between Iran and US 10

3 Will follow all security norms: Huawei  15

ASI carries out restoration of Mughal-era parts of Red Fort

4 04

Jharkhand lynching case

5 01

Title 1. Premature to count India out of RCEP (The Hindu, Page 01)
Syllabus Mains: GS Paper II international relations
Theme RCEP
Highligh
What is RCEP?
ts
RCEP is an
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agreement currently being negotiated between ASEAN+6, which includes the 10

ASEAN countries and Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand and South
Korea.  
The RCEP negotiations was also envisioned as being led by ASEAN and would
be based upon vision of ‘ASEAN Centrality’.
The agreement covers goods, services, investment, competition, intellectual
property, economic and technical cooperation, e-commerce and law, and is
intended to be a Free Trade Agreement.
The 1st RCEP Summit was held in 2017 and is meant to built upon the existing
ASEAN+1 FTA wherein ASEAN has existing FTA agreements with the other six
members. 

Article Focus: Highlights India's contention in RCEP negotiations

India has negotiated for liberalization of the Services sector in which it has an
advantage, however countries such as Australia and New Zealand are reluctant
towards opening their services market to other countries such as India that would
provide cheaper competitive edge to their domestic players.
• India has been reluctant for liberalization in the manufacturing sector in which
China and other member nations have an advantage, which would hamper India’s
domestic players in price competitive sectors such as in electronics, in which
China, South Korea and other have an edge. 
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Persona
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Title 2. A war of masks between Iran and US (The Hindu, Page 10)
Syllabus Mains: GS Paper II international relations
Theme Iran US conflict
Highligh
Now this editorial talks about the evolving news about the rising tensions in conflict
ts
between Iran and US. 
Now the main crux of the author in this editorial is that both US and Iran do not want to
raise tensions to the level that it leads to war. However both also do not want to be the
first to stop the rising tensions and offer a truce or a peaceful resolution to the other side.
Now the reason for this is that both do not want to be seen weak in front of the world by
taking a step back from a fight especially D. Trump who has to fight in an election next
year.

Potential impact of War:

The containment of Iran has been the main aim Saudi led Arab alliance and of Israel.
However according to the author, these countries would actually be negatively affected
in a US- Iran war.
In a US-Iran war, it would be UAE, Saudi Arabia and Israel that would be the prime
targets for Iranian attacks. It is difficult for Saudis and UAE to defend themselves against
Iranian attack especially on their oil supplies through the Strait of Hormouz and Persian
Gulf. 
If Israel enters into the War and attack Irsn, there is a strong possibility of Muslims
especially in Arab world in becoming sympathetic towards Iran in the War. 
Iran has a strong and effective proxy network across the Middle East such as Houthis in
Yemen, Hezbollah in Lebanon, fighters in Iraq and Syria. Currently such Iranian fighters
are not directly involved in Saudi Arabia and UAE, however these proxies in a war
spread directly spread to Saudi Arabia and UAE.
Iran has been one of the leading country that defeated ISIS in Iraq and Syria. Therefore
weakening of Iran allows for ISIS to become stronger which would then negatively effect
Saudis & Israel.

Signs that both do not war:

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Iran had shot down a US drone recently. D. Trump administration did not retaliate by
bombing Iran after this incident and thereby dif not increase tensions. 
Iranian rulers are trying to convince the U.S.’s allies in Europe, West Asia and Asia to
pressure D. Trump into a deal. US should ease or decrease the US sanctions on Iran that
have severly affected the Iranian economy. In return, Iran would be willing to decrease
tensions with US and negotiate on US demands.

Personal
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Title 3. Will follow all security norms: Huawei  (The Hindu Page 15)
Syllabus Mains: GS Paper III – Economy

Theme Foreign investments

Highligh
What has happened?
ts
Obama administration had blacklisted Huawei from supplying equipment for
sensitive systems way in 2012. Similarly, a 2018 US law forbade government
agencies from procuring telecommunications equipment or services produced or
provided by Huawei. A 2019 US Order prohibit transactions involving information
and communications technology or services from “adversaries”, with Huawei
being considered as an adversary. This causes US companies & individuals to
receive a licence from US govt. to conduct trade with Huawei.  
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Reason
There are two main reasons for US actions against Huawei: first is security
concerns of Chinese espionage and second is weakness of US companies to
compete against Huawei. 
Although US export in ICT & telecom equipments has increased, there has been
a fall in US share of global exports in ICT and telecommunication equipment
trade. 
Apart from this, there has been an increase in imports of cheaper ICT & telecom
equipments from China into US and other original markets of US equipments
such as South American countries. Huawei has the largest share in the global
cellular base station market & has overtaken Apple as largest mobile
manufacturer.
Most importantly, Huawei is the leading company which is providing the ICT &
telecom infrastructure for launching 5G to countries across the world. The
dominance of Huawei in this field would ensure its dominance in 5G and its
related fields.

Impact on India
The US is pressuring countries around the world to not allow Huawei within their
field trials for 5G rollout. UK, Australia, New Zealand and several other countries
have agreed to this US demand. Similarly, India has also been pressurised.

However, Huawei had received an invitation from the government in September

to conduct 5G trials in India, along with Ericsson, Nokia, Samsung and Cisco.
But, there is ambiguity as in late February the Telecom Secretary said that the
government is yet to take a decision on whether to allow Chinese equipment
makers or not.
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Persona
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Title 4. ASI carries out restoration of Mughal-era parts of Red Fort (The Hindu
Page 04)
Syllabus Mains: GS I – History & culture

Theme Redfort
Highlights
It was constructed in 1639 by the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as the
palace of his fortified capital Shahjahanabad, the Red Fort is named for its
massive enclosing walls of red sandstone 
The most important surviving structures are
 Naubat Khana/ The vaulted arcade 
 Diwan-i-Aam/ the Public Audience Hall.
 Nahr-i-Bihisht/ row of pavilions on a raised platform along the
eastern edge of the fort.
 Hammam / the imperial baths, 
  Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience)
 Moti Masjid A mosque
 The Hira Mahal is a pavilion on the southern edge of the fort
Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb and other later Mughal rulers ruled from here. The
private apartments that lie behind the throne consists of rows of pavilions
connected by a continuous water channel.This is known as Nahr-i-Behisht
(Stream of Paradise). 

Personal
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Title 5. Jharkhand lynching case (The Hindu Page 01)

Syllabus Mains: GS I –Social issues and Society

Theme Lynching
Highlights Public Lynching
• Lynching is a form of violence in which a mob, under the pretext of
administering justice, executes a presumed offender.
• It is a subsequent consequence of mob violence wherein public lynching
stems from identity politics in which a particular group or community intends
to establish dominance & portray power over another.
• Lynching in form of public hangings was practised in United States in which
a mob of white individuals indulged in lynching of black men for alleged
instances of injustice such as sexual harassment of white women, hurting a
white person, etc.

Observations of the Supreme Court

• The Supreme Court in its judgement recommend to the Parliament to create
a separate offence for lynching and provide adequate punishment for the
same.
• The reason is that a special law in this field would instil a sense of fear for
law amongst the people who involve themselves in such kinds of activities.
• Moreover, the current laws are predicated on ‘individual violence’ and not
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‘collective violence’, so the different aspects of mob lynching such as sharing

of hateful information, actual killing, etc. are prosecuted on individuals basis
and within different laws.

Law & Order

 Authorities which are conferred with the responsibility to maintain law and
order in the States have the principal obligation to see that vigilantism of any
perception, does not take place.
 Public order and Police are within State list under Seventh Schedule of
Constitution of India.

   Social Aspect
Contemporary constitutional democracy imbibes the essential feature of
accommodating pluralism in thought and approach so as to preserve
cohesiveness and unity.
• Intolerance arising out of a dogmatic mindset sows the seeds of upheaval
and has and has a chilling effect on freedom of thought and expression.
Hence, tolerance has to be fostered and practised and not allowed to be
diluted in any manner in India.

Preventive Measures

 Government Measures
The State Governments shall designate a senior police officer as Nodal
Officer in each district.
Such Nodal Officer shall take measure to prevent incidents of mob violence
and lynching.
• They shall constitute a special task force so as to procure intelligence
reports about the people who are likely to commit such crimes or who are
involved in spreading hate speeches, provocative statement and fake news.
• Central & State Governments should take steps to curb and stop
dissemination of irresponsible and explosive messages, videos and other
material on various social media platforms which have a tendency to incite
mob violence and lynching.

 Duties of Nodal Officer

The Nodal Officer with the local intelligence units in the district identifies the
existence of the tendencies of vigilantism mob violence or lynching in the
district.
• S/he should undertake steps to prohibit instances of dissemination of
offensive material through different social media platforms or any other
means for inciting such tendencies.
• The Nodal Officer shall also make efforts to eradicate hostile environment
against any community or caste which is targeted in such incidents.
Local Police Duty
The local police in an incident of lynching or mob violence station shall
immediately cause to lodge an FIR.
The government should ensure protection and for concealing the identity and
address of the witness.
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Personal
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