Project: Date:

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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

DESIGN DATA
Unit weight of water Yw 10 kN/m³
Unit weight of backfill soil Ys 17 kN/m³
Saturated Unit weight of soil Ysat 21 kN/m³
Unit weight of concrete Yc 24 kN/m³
Horizontal seismic coefficient αh 0.16 IRC 6 : 2014 : 219
Vertical seismic coefficient αv 0.11 IRC 6 : 2014 : 219
Variation in temperature θ 15 °C

Length of Pier cap Lc 8.40 m

Width of Pier Cap Bc 2.80 m
Depth of rectangular section Dr 0.80 m
Depth of trapezoidal section Dt 1.00 m
Length of trapezoidal section
Base width 2.80 m
Top width 8.4 m

High Flood Level 251.35 m

R.L. of Deck surface 255.00 m
Total depth of superstructure deck 2.10 m
Assumed thickness of bearing 0.05 m
Top level of pier cap 252.85 m
Scour Depth From Hydrology report dm 6.00 m
Maximum scour level for pier 245.35 m
Bed level of pier footing 244.85 m

Height of the Stem Hs 5.70 m

Diameter of the Stem at the base Dsb 2.5 m
Diameter of the Stem at Top Dst 2.5 m

Loading from Superstructure

Reaction at Bearing

Static state condition

Dead load
Vertical reaction 1187.49 kN
Horizontal reaction (along the traffic) 0 kN

Live load
Vertical reaction 605.60 kN
Horizontal reaction (along the traffic) 0 kN
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Span of bridge 25 m
Height of deck surface from the pier cap 2.15 m
Actual length of column L 7.50 m
Overall diameter of the column D 2500 mm
Effective length Le 9m (IRC:21-2000, 306.2.1)

Dead load from Superstructure

Dead load from Girder 1187.49 kN
Assuming weight of bearings and expansion joints 20.00 kN
Total dead load 1207.49 kN
Length of abutment 8.40 m
DL per metre length of abutment 143.75 kN/m

Live load from Superstructure

Class A loadings
Maximum Reaction 605.60 kN
Impact Factor= (1+9/(13.5+L)) 1.23
Maximum Reaction including impact 747.17 kN
L.L. per length of abutment 88.95 kN/m
Total load from Superstructure 232.70 kN/m

Forces at the bottom of the stem (Including impact, IRC:6-2000, 211.7.c

X-X = across the traffic Y-Y = along the traffic

Moment, kN.m
Dead loads Load, kN Lever arm X-X Y-Y
Dead load from superstructure 3380.980 0
Dead load from piercap 236.544 0
Dead load of pier stem 671.515 0
Total vertical dead load 4289.039 0 0 0
2
Stress at base of pier (kN/m ) 0.874

Effect of buyoncy
Depth of submerged part of Pier 6m
Area of stem at base 4.909 m2
Area of stem at top 4.909 m2
Volume of submerged part of Pier 27.980 m3
Depth of Pier cap at HFL 0.30 m
Width of Pier cap at HFL 14.000 m
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Area of Pier cap at HFL 39.2000 m2

Area of Pier cap at stem top 7 m2
Volume of submerged part of Cap 13.860 m3
Reduction in weight of pier due to buoyancy -418.398 kN

Live load
Vertical load from live load 1695.69 kN

Braking force
20% of the weight of the design vehicle
And this force acts along the bridge at 1.2m above the road level (IRC:6-2000, 214.2)
Let's take the critical weight (Class A), 55.4 Ton 554 kN
Load, kN Lever arm X-X Y-Y
20% of the weight of the design vehicle 110.8 10.50 1163.4

Frictional force due to resistance of bearings (temperature effect)

Coefficient of Thermal expansion 1.20E-05 m/°C (IRC:6-2010, 215.4)
Strain Due to temperature variation 1.80E-04
Strain Due to Concrete shrinkage 2.00E-04 (IRC:6-2010, 217.3)
Total strain 3.80E-04
Horizontal deformation of deck due to total strain affecting one
abutment 9.50E-03 m
Strain in bearing = Deformation/Elastomer thickness 2.71E-01
2
Assuming G 1.00E+00 N/mm
Horizontal force dueofto
1.1*strain*G*(Area longitudinal
bearing strain at
plates)*(No. of bearing
bearing level
plates)/(Stem
length *Width) 5.72 kN/m (IRC:6-2000, 707.2.3)
Lateral force due to frictional resistance of bearings, 14.31 kN
Lever arm of frictional resistance 7.50 m
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Force due to water current

Exposed height to water current 6m
2
Exposed area of stem 14.25 m
2
Exposed area of Cap 0.84 m
2
Total exposed area of pier 15.09 m
Maximum mean velocity, v 5.980 m/sec (from hydrology report)
Maximum velocity, V = Sqrt(2)*v, 8.457 m/sec (IRC:6-2000,213.3)
Shape factor for square end , K 0.660 (IRC:6-2000, 213.2)
Pressure intensity =0.5KV² 23.602 (IRC:6-2000, 213.2)

Hence force due to water current 356.152 1424.609

(It acts at a height of 2/3*Submerged height)

Seismic forces
Horizontal seismic coefficient, αh 0.16
Vertical seismic coefficient, αv 0.11

Horizontal seismic forces: X-X Y-Y

Superstructure: 812.27 812.27 7.50 6092.01 6092.0
Pier cap 37.847 37.847 4.8 181.67 181.666
Pier stem 107.442 107.442 2.85 306.21 306.211
Total
957.557 957.557 6579.88 6579.884
Horizontal

Vertical seismic forces:

Superstructure: 541.51
Pier cap 25.231
Pier stem 71.628
Total Vertical seismic force 638.371

Load Cases
Dry case, Non-seismic (combination I)
Horizontal load Moment

Along traffic Across traffic Along traffic Across traffic

Vertical
Description
load, P Y-Y X-X Y-Y X-X
Total Dead load 4289.04
Live load 1695.7
Tractive/Braking force 110.8 1163.40
Frictional force 14.31 107.33
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Total 5984.73 125.11 0 1270.73

Resultant forces:
Vertical Load, P= 5984.732 kN
Horizontal Load, H= 125.110 kN
Moment, M= 1270.726 kN.m

Flooded case, Non-seismic (combination I-a)

Along traffic Across traffic Along traffic Across traffic

Vertical
Description
load, P Y-Y X-X Y-Y X-X
Total Dead load 4289.0394
Live load 1695.6926
Tractive/Braking force 110.8 1163.4
Frictional force 14.31 107.326
Buyoncy -418.3981
Water Current 356.152 1424.609
Total 5566.3339 125.110 356.152 1270.726 1424.609

Resultant forces:
Vertical Load, P= 5566.334 kN
Horizontal Load, H= 377.488 kN
Moment, M= 1908.993 kN.m

Dry case, Seismic (combination VI)

Along traffic Across traffic Along traffic Across traffic

Vertical
Description
load, P Y-Y X-X Y-Y X-X
Total Dead load 4289.04
Live load 1695.69
Tractive/Braking force 110.8 1163.4
Frictional force 14.31 107.326
Seismic forces 638.37 957.557 957.557 6579.884 6579.884
Total 6623.10 1082.667 957.557 7850.610 6579.884

Resultant forces:
Vertical Load, P= 6623.103 kN
Horizontal Load, H= 1445.366 kN
Moment, M= 10243.385 kN.m
Project: Date:
Location : Designed by:
Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:
 Project: Date:
Location : Designed by:
Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Flooded case, Seismic (combination VI-a)

Along traffic Across traffic Along traffic Across traffic

Vertical
Description
load, P Y-Y X-X Y-Y X-X
Total Dead load 4289.04
Live load 1695.69
Tractive/Braking force 110.80 1163.4
Frictional force 14.31 107.326
Buyoncy -418.40
Water Current 356.152 1424.609

Seismic forces 638.37 957.56 957.56 6579.88 6579.88

Total 6204.71 1082.67 1313.71 7850.61 8004.49

Resultant forces:
Vertical Load, P= 6204.71 kN
Horizontal Load, H= 1702.35 kN
Moment, M= 11211.78 kN.m

Concrete grade fck 25 N/mm²

Steel grade, Fe 500 fyk 500 N/mm²

Allowable stress of steel in tension and shear σst 240 N/mm²

Allowable stress of steel in direct compression 205 N/mm²

Allowable compressive stress in concrete in
flexure σcbc 8.33 N/mm²
Allowable stress in concrete in direct
compression σcc 6.25 N/mm²
Modular ratio m 10

Critical Moment at the base 11211.78 kN.m

Critical load at the base 6623.10 kN
Critical shear at the base 1702.35 kN

Gross cross-sectional area, 4908738.521 mm²

Moment of inertia PI()*D^4/64 3.97608E+12 mm4
Section modulus I*2/D 3180862562 mm³
Radius of gyration SQRT(I/A) 0.63 mm
Height of the Pier (upto bearing) 7.50 mm
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Effective length factor 1.2

(IRC:21-2000, 306.1.2, Table 13)
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

Effective height of the Pier 9 mm

Ratio of Effective length : Radius of gyration 14.4
< 50 Short column

Minimum area of steel 0.3 % IRC code

Maximum area of steel 8% IRC code
Assume percentage area of steel 0.6 %
Then total area of reinforcement, Asi 29452.43 mm²
Let the diameter of main bars, 32 mm
Spacing of main bars 150 mm c/c
Then the number of bars 53 nos
Hence provided area of main reinforcement 42625.13 mm² ok

Let the clear cover be 40 mm

Let the diameter of the transverse reinf. 10 mm
Diameter up to the line of reinf. Dc 2384 mm
Spacing between the bars 150 mm

Check the capacity of the section

Gross cross sectional area 4908738.52 mm²
Area of main steel 42625.13 mm²
Net area of concrete 4866113.39 mm²
At = Ac+(1.5m-1)*Ast 5462865.20 mm²
It = (PI*D^4/64) + (m-1)*Ast*Dc² / 8 2.19002E+12 mm4
Zt = 2*It/D 1752013029 mm³
σcc = P/At 1.212 N/mm²
σcb = M/Zt 6.399 N/mm²

Interaction formula with enhanced capacity of the spirals

Enhancement factor =1.05
(σcc /σacc + σcb/σacb) 0.914
< 1 Safe
Check the section for shear
Resultant critical horizontal force: 1702351.4 N
Area of the section 4908738.5 mm²
Shear stress developed, tac 0.347 N/mm²
Percentage of longitudinal steel (as provided) 0.868 %
2
Characteristic compressive stress of concrete fck 25 N/mm
Permissible shear strength
b= 0.8*fck /(6.89*pt) 3.34 SP16 Cl 4.1
 Project: Date:
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Title : Design of Circular Pier Stem Checked by:

2
tc = (0.85*sqrt(0.8*fck)*(sqrt(1+5*b)-1))/6b 0.61 N/mm SP16 Cl 4.1
> 0.362 Safe
Hence, no shear reinforcement required.
Provide nominal reinforcement