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Design Condition
1.1 Type : xxx-Type (H=xm, B=m) [Superstructure Type : PSC(Span=50m)]
1.2 Foundation Type :
3) Earth Pressure
A) Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure at Ordinary Time ( Coulomb Earth Pressure )
Sin ( )
2
Ka 2
Sin ( ) Sin ( )
Sin 2 Sin ( )1
Sin ( ) Sin ( )
Sin ( ' )
2
Ka 2
Sin( ) Sin( ' )
Cos ' Sin 2 Sin( ' )1
Sin( ' ) Sin( )
5) longitudinal force
A) Brake Load: IRS 6 2010 loads and stress section 211 (Breaking effect is invariablly greater then tractive effect)
B) Start Load : (Also called Tractive effort)
C) Frictional resistance offered to the movement of free bearing due to change of tempurature or any other cause
6) Surcharge Load
qL = 35 KN/m² (Live Load)
qD = 15 KN/m² (Dead Load)
7) Seismic Load
Using IRC:6 - 2010 Section 219 for seismic load:
Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient:
for time period 𝑇=2∗√(𝐷/1000𝐹) D= superstructre dead load+ live load (KN)
F= horizontal force in KN for 1 mm deflection of abutment
D= 5349.234 KN
F= 194.140 KN I= 6.252
Kh = 0.06 x 1.200 = 0.072 (For EarthPressure: Kh =(Z/2 x (I)/R)(Z=0.36, Zone V, I=1.2, R=3)
kh = 0.072 x 2.5 = 0.180 (Inertia force calculation of superstructure, (Sa/g = 2.5)
8) Temperature Variation
b5
③ ④ Df= 1.00 m
O
b7= 3.700 b6= 2.900
3.Load Calculation
3.1 Abutment and Backfill Self Weight
1) Volume
① b1 x ( Dh + Bh ) x L = 11.475
② b5 x Ht x H = 120.371
③ ( B7 + B5 ) Df x T = 27.000
④ x Df x T = 13.050
b6
ⓐ B x ( H1 + H ) x L = 264.402
1) Dead Load
Vd = 15.00 × 4.50 × 3.700 = 249.750 KN
MVd = Vd × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 1685.8125 KN·m
Horizontal Force due to Surcharge at seismic condition :
Vd h = 249.75 × 0.180 = 44.955 KN
Md h = Vd × Ht+Df = 758.84 KN·m
2) Live Load
(1) Single Track Loading
Vql1 = 35.00 × 4.150 × 4.300 = 625 KN
Mvql1 = Vql1 × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 4,216 KN·m
(2) Double Track Loading
Vql1 = 35.00 × 8.300 × 4.300 = 1,249 KN
Mvql1 = Vql1 × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 8,432 KN·m
B) Earth Pressure
Pa2 = 1/2 x Ka x γ x H 2
x L = 2,492 KN
y2 = H /3 = 5.293 m
2) Active Earth Pressure at Seismic
A) Earth pressure due to surcharge load
Paed = Kae x qd x H x L = 308 KN
PaeL = Kae x ql x H x L = 718 KN
Ye1 = H /2 = 7.94 m
B) Earth Pressure
Pae = 1/2 x Kae x (1-Kv) x γ x H 2
x L = 3,257 KN
Design of Wing wall
We have to design wing wall for the calculated moment and load as above.
Here, Steel required to resist ultimate moment is calculated by
using ultimate moment and check for shear force.
Grade of Concrete (fck) 30MPa
Grade of Steel (fy) 415MPa
For Section "A"
B = 1000 mm 5000
H = 1000 mm
d = 900 mm
d' = 100 mm
Ultimate moment (Mu) = 287.507 KNm
Ultimate shear force (Vu) = 575.015 KN
B = 1000 mm 5000
H = 1000 mm
D = 900 mm
d' = 100 mm
Ultimate moment (Mu) = 2724.199 KNm
Ultimate shear force (Vu) = 1089.68 KN
Now from IS 456 : 2000
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast x d x ( 1 - Ast x fy / b x d x fck )
2724.199 x 10^6 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 900 x ( 1 - Ast x 415 / 1000 x 900 x 30 )
or, 2724.199x 10^6 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 900 x ( 1 - Ast x 415 / 1000 x 900 x 30 )
or, 2724.199 x 10^6 = 324945 Ast - 4.9945 Ast²
or, Ast = 9885.86 mm²
Provide dia. Of Bar = 32 mm
Area of bar = 804.224 mm²
Spacing required = ( Area of Bar x width ) / Total area of steel required
= ( 3.1415 x 32² x 1000 ) / 9885.86
= 102.9598 mm²
Adopt spacing = 100 mm
Area of steel Provided = ( Area of Bar x width ) / Spacing
= ( 3.1415 x 32² x 1000 ) / ( 100 x 4 )
= 9160.614 mm²
= Ʈv x b x d - Ʈc x b x d
= (Ʈv- Ʈc ) x b x d
= 495680 N
Assuming two-legged stirrups of 20mm dia
dia of rod = 20
Asv = 2 x 3.1415 x 20² / 4
= 628.3 mm²
Spacing Required (Sv) = 0.87 x fy x Asv x d / Vus
Sv = 411.8846 mm
Maximum Spacing :
i) 0.75 x d = 675mm
ii) 300mm
Adopt Spacing (Sv) = 300mm
Hence Provide 20mm dia two-legged vertical stirrups @ 300 mm C/C.