SHELL SUBSHELL ORBITAL ELECTRO

1 1s 1 2
2s 1 2
2
2p 3 6
3s 1 2
3 3p 3 6
3d 5 19
4s 1 2
4p 3 6
4
4d 5 10
4f 7 14
5s 1 2
5p 3 6
5
5d 5 10
5f 7 14
6s 1 2
6 6p 3 6
6d 5 10
 Louis de Broglie proposed that all particles could be treated as matter
h
waves with a wavelength λ, given by the following equation: λ= mv
 The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that we can't know both the
energy and position of an electron. Therefore, as we learn more about the
electron's position, we know less about its energy, and vice versa.
 Erwin Schrödinger proposed the quantum mechanical model of the
atom, which treats electrons as matter waves. Schrödinger combined the
equations for the behaviour of waves with the de Broglie equation to generate
a mathematical model for the distribution of electrons in an atom.

 In the Bohr’s Atomic Model, electrons travel in defined circular orbits around the
nucleus, similar to the structure of the Solar System

 The key difference between Bohr and quantum model is that Bohr

model states that electrons behave as particles whereas quantum
model explains that the electron has both particle and wave behavior.

Quantum Number Symbol Possible Values

Principal Quantum Number n 1,2,3,4… (positive integer)
Angular Momentum Quantum Number l 0,1,2,3… (0 to n-1)
Magnetic Quantum Number ml -l,…-1,0,1…,+l
Spin Quantum Number ms +1/2 , -1/2

SHEL SUBSHELL ORBITAL ELECTRON

L
1 1s 1 2
2s 1 2
2
2p 3 6
3s 1 2
3 3p 3 6
3d 5 19
4s 1 2
4p 3 6
4
4d 5 10
4f 7 14
5s 1 2
5p 3 6
5
5d 5 10
5f 7 14
6s 1 2
6 6p 3 6
6d 5 10
7s 1 2
7
7p 3 6