FB: C - Pbgmjmeg - Rgejm WWI

FB: C_pbgmjmeg_ Rgejm WWI
Cmnwpgefr z 2016 R_rmpg Cmlrglssk Os jgqfgle
Smbmq mq bgpcgrmq pcqcpt_bmq. Evacrm amldmpkc ncpkgrgbm ncj_ TR Cmnwpgefr Aar, bc 1976, lclfsk_ n_prc bcqr_ ns jga_ m nmbc
qcp pcnpmbsxgbm, bgqrpg sâbm, ms rp_lqkgrgbm ck os_joscp dmpk_ ms nmp os_joscp kcgm, ms _pk_xcl_b_ lsk_ _qc bc b_bmq
ms qgqrck_ bc pcasncp_ m, qck m amlqclrgkclrm npàtgm bm cbgrmp.
R_rmpg Cmlrglssk Os jgqfgle 1810 E

R_f_p_ Atc. Rsgrc 1507
_q Uce_q, MU 89104
Iknpcqqm lmq Eqr_bmq Tlgbmq b_ Akàpga_
Bfp iYfjbo QbosfÓl Car Yqfsl
Eqrc L_ls_j Opmtgbcp à sk qcptg m cbsa_rgtm dmplcagbm ncj_ R_rmpg Cmlrglssk Os jgqfgle. N sqm bcqrc
qcptg m à pcegbm ncjmq rcpkmq c amlbg écq npctgqrmq _ _gvm. Omp d_tmp, jcg_ _q glqrps écq _ _gvm asgb_bmq_kclrc _lrcq bc _acqq_p ms
sq_p m qcptg m. Am _acqq_p ms srgjgx_p cqrc qcptg m, tmaá amlampb_ ck dga_p tglasj_bm
nmp rmbmq mq rcpkmq c amlbg écq _osg bcqapgr_q.
N k_rcpg_j amlrgbm lcqrc L_ls_j Opmtgbcp l m amlràk lmpk_q osc qc bcqrgl_k _ qcp _njga_bmq bc dmpk_ pâegb_ c cvnjgagr_kclrc qcesgb_q ck
rmbmq mq a_qmq. A bcagq m bc sk npmdgqqgml_j bc q_êbc bctc ncpk_lcacp aclrp_j n_p_ _ qcjc m bc rcqrcq bc bg_elãqrgam c mn écq bc rp_r_kclrm
bc amlbg m kàbga_ bc sk n_agclrc cqncaâdgam. Ek êjrgk_ _lÍjgqc, rmb_ _ pcqnmlq_ gjgb_bc _qqmag_b_ amk _ srgjgx_ m bc os_joscp gldmpk_ m
_osg _npcqclr_b_ à cvajsqgt_
c amknjcr_kclrc amk m npcqr_bmp bc asgb_bmq bc q_êbc srgjgx_lbm m qcptg m.
tcpq m 2.016,01

KCQ> bm AMLRCÃBM
C_nârsjm 1 GkqolarÓÍl Yl >AJQ- - - - - - - 4
2 3> YsYifYÓÍl fkf fYi- - - - - - - 5
Qrmloqb ab sfaY ZÉpf l - - - - - - - 6
Ilgag_lbm _ C_bcg_ bc Rm pctgtálag_ - 7 2015

B R Npgclr_ m Cf_lecq - 8, 2010 B R
Npgclr_ m Cf_lecq - 9 B R n_p_ Absjrmq - 10
Nlc-Qcqascp Absjrm B R / COQ Sum-Qcqascp Absjrm B R / COQ

Absjrm Uclrgj_ m Absjrm tclrgj_ m amk mjq_-kÍqa_p_ bc
ma_-_-L_qi ck Sum-Qcqascp COQ
Asrm-At_jg_ m n_p_ B R - 16
4 Qrmloqb ab TfaY AYoaàY l >sYkÓYal- - - - - - - 07
Mmpk_j Cmp_ m Al_rmkg_ c Fgqgmjmeg_ - 18 A Ocqosgq_

AC R (ABCD) - 19 Agpu_w L_l_eckclr - 20
BÍqgam Agpu_w Abhslrmq Íqga_

Agpu_w ràalga_ _t_l _b_ Agpu_w
Abhslrmq
Ug_q bc Aacqqm - 24
Ilrp_tclmq_ Qmsrc tg_
glrp_-ãqqc_
Fcpp_kclr_q d_pk_amjãega_q - 25 bc
_srm-_t_jg_ m n_p_ AC R - 26
5 Nofk àmflp ab abpcfZofiYÓÍl mob l b- - - - - - - 16
Cf_tcq n_p_ Tq_lbm sk Dcqdg pgj_bmp Evrcplm AsrmkÍrgam - 28

Cpgràpgmq n_p_ _njga_p AED
Nncp_ m AED BÍqgam
6 QfpqbjYp ab rfaYalp- - - - - - - 2/
Qcqqsqagr_ m C_pbgmnsjkml_p - 31
Ilgag_lbm _ a_bcg_ bc qm pctgtálag_
Omqr-C_pbg_a Appcqr Csgb_bmq - 32
A fgnmrcpkg_ rcp_násrga_
Nrgkgx_ m bc HckmbglÓkga_ c tclrgj_ m ampmlÍpg_
ncpasrÓlc_ Ilrcptcl m Mcspmjãega_q Csgb_bmq
Râlbpmkc Cmpml_pg_l_ Aesb_ - 33

Lcr_q bc ACR rp_r_kclrm
AUC _esbm - 34
Lcr_q bc gqosákgam _esbm AUC asgb_bmq
A pcqqsqagr_ m Sc_k - 35 Ebsa_ m,
Iknjckclr_ m, cosgncq - 36 Asrm-At_jg_ m bc
qgqrck_q bc asgb_bmq - 37

KCQ> bm AMLRCÃBM
C_nârsjm 7 >AJQ AYplp- - - - - - - 27
O_p_b_ pcqngp_rãpg_ - 38
Fg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p c r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p qck nsjqm - 42 Argtgb_bc Ejàrpga_ Rck
Osjqm c _qqgqrmjg_ - Csgb_bmq Dcrcl m 44 Oãq-C_pbâ_am - 48
Rsnmprc bc npcqq m _prcpg_j c U_qmnpcqqmpcq

Hgnmrcpkg_
Bp_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_ - 51
S_osga_pbg_ - 54
S_osga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrgam amk dpcoíálag_ a_pbâ_a_ _agk_ bc 100 BOL S_osga_pbg_
cqrÍtcj c glqrÍtcj
Râlbpmkc Cmpml_pg_l_ Aesb_ - 58 Smosc
Aesbm - 60
Asrm-At_jg_ m n_p_ C_qmq AC R - 64
8 >AJQ CppbkqfYip- - - - - - - 56
DbooYjbkqYp Yaf flkYfp- - - - - - - 57
9 LcbgCmbc - 68
CcprAjcpr + - 68
10 >AJQ Orbpqãbp ab PbsfpÍl- - - - - - - 58

GLRPMBS zM >M
>AJQ
N m hcrgtm bm C_pbgmt_qasj_p Rsnmprc At_l _bm bc Ugb_ (RAU) à _ja_l _p m kcjfmp pcqsjr_bm nmqqâtcj n_p_ mq glbgtâbsmq osc cqr m
cvncpgkclr_lbm sk ctclrm amk pgqam bc tgb_. AC R à sk_ qàpgc bc pcqnmqr_q _qc_b_q ck ctgbálag_q qgknjcq m qsdgagclrc n_p_ qcp m
amknpmkgqqm bc kckãpg_ c pcampbms qm kmkclrmq bc qrpcqq. Eqrcq npmrmamjmq bm AC R dmp_k bcqcltmjtgbmq _rp_tàq bc ncqosgq_,
cqrsbmq bc a_qm bc n_agclrcq, cqrsbmq ajâlgamq, c mnglgécq bc cqncag_jgqr_q l_ Ípc_. N n_bp m-mspm lmq Eqr_bmq Tlgbmq c ck msrpmq
n_âqcq à m asppâasjm bm aspqm ns jga_bm ncj_ Akcpga_l Hc_pr Aqqmag_rgml (AHA). Alrcpgmpkclrc, _ AHA j_l _bm _rs_jgx_ écq ncpgãbga_q Ê
qs_ Qcqqsqagr_ m C_pbgm Osjkml_p (QCO) c Ekcpeálag_ C_pbgmt_qasj_p C_pc (ECC) mpgclr_ écq qm pc sk agajm bc aglam _lmq, amk _
_rs_jgx_ m k_gq pcaclrc ns jga_b_ ck 2015. At_l _lbm, _ AHA l m t_g k_gq cqncp_p aglam _lmq clrpc _rs_jgx_ écq; ck tcx bc, cjc t_g
k_lrcp _ k_gmpg_ bc pcamkclb_ écq sn-rm-b_rc ml-jglc ck ECCesgbcjglcq.fc_pr.mpe. npcqr_bmpcq bc asgb_bmq bc q_êbc q m
pcamkclb_bmq n_p_ amknjckclr_p mq k_rcpg_gq _npcqclr_bmq lcqrc k_ls_j amk _q bgpcrpgxcq ns jga_b_q ncj_ AHA c pcdcpck-qc Êq
glrcptcl écq c dslb_kclrmq k_gq _rs_gq ck rmbm m qcs cqrsbm bc AC R.
Smkc lmr_
Cmlqsjrc m L_ls_j bm Fmplcacbmp bc Rsnmprc BÍqgam bc Ugb_ (B R), r_k àk _npcqclr_bm ncj_ R_tc _
Ilgag_rgt_ tgb_, n_p_ sk_ _lÍjgqc k_gq _ p_leclrc b_ Ocqosgq_ B R. Eqrc k_ls_j _ p_lec cqncagdga_kclrc
AC R _jempgrkmq c bcqapctc _ncl_q pctckclrc B R. Smbmq mq npmtcbmpcq bc AC R q m npcqskgbmq a_n_x
bc pc_jgx_p B R amppcr_kclrc. Elos_lrm cqrc k_ls_j _ p_lec amlacgrmq Íqgamq bc RBU, à cqqclag_j osc mq
dmplcacbmpcq bc AC R qcp npmdgagclrc ck B R npgkcgpm.
Elos_lrm dmplcacbmpcq bc AC R bctc qcp qcknpc amlqagclrc bc nmlrs_jgb_bc, à gknmpr_lrc n_p_ dmplcacp _ glrcptcl m osc qc cla_gv_
k_gq _bcos_b_kclrc _q lcacqqgb_bcq bm glbgtâbsm. srgjgx_ m _bcos_b_ bmq AC R pcoscp sk_ _t_jg_ m pÍngb_ c npcagq_ b_ amlbg m
bm glbgtâbsm. Iqrm l m qã qc _njga_ _ _t_jg_ m glgag_j bm npmtcbmp bc sk glbgtâbsm ck qmdpgkclrm, k_q r_k àk n_p_ _ pc_t_jg_ m
bsp_lrc rmbm m aspqm bm rp_r_kclrm amk AC R.
npmrmamjmq bc AC R _qqskgp osc m npmtcbmp nmbc l m rcp rmb_q _q gldmpk_ écq lcacqqÍpg_q _ n_prgp bm glbgtâbsm ms rmbmq mq pcaspqmq
lcacqqÍpgmq n_p_ sq_p amppcr_kclrc AC R ck rmbmq mq a_qmq. Omp cvcknjm, qc sk dmplcacbmp cqrÍ srgjgx_lbm AC R lm j_bm b_ cqrp_b_,
cjcq l m rák _acqqm _ bgqnmqgrgtmq qmdgqrga_bmq n_p_ kcbgp _ pcqngp_ m ms _ npcqq m _prcpg_j. Mm clr_lrm, ck r_gq qgrs_ écq, mq npmtcbmpcq
bc AC R rck _ cqrpsrsp_ n_p_ dmplcacp m kcjfmp asgb_bm nmqqâtcj l_q agpaslqrÓlag_q b_b_q. _jempgrkmq AC R q m _qc_bmq ck
bcqcknclfmq n_qq_bmq úc pcqsjr_p ck a_qmq bc pgqam bc tgb_ qckcjf_lrcq c rák _ glrcl m bc _ja_l _p m kcjfmp pcqsjr_bm nmqqâtcj n_p_ m
glbgtâbsm bsp_lrc ckcpeálag_q. A dslb_ m bc rmbmq mq _jempgrkmq cltmjtc _ _ mpb_eck qgqrckÍrga_ b_ Ocqosgq_ B R c b_ Ocqosgq_
AC R (sq_lbm n_qqmq ABCD) osc tmaá t_g clamlrp_p k_gq r_pbc lcqrc k_ls_j.
AC R - Rsnmprc At_l _bm bc Ugb_ ck C_pbgmjmeg_ 4

> YsYifYÓÍl fkf fYi
Dcrcpkgl_p qc sk glbgtâbsm à amlqagclrc ms glamlqagclrc nmbc qcp dcgrm ksgrm p_ngb_kclrc. Rc tmaá ncpac cp _jesàk ck
ncpgem, bcgr_bm ck sk jse_p nê jgam, ms nmqqgtcjkclrc dcpgbm, af_kÍ-jmq.
Smkc lmr_
Ccprgdgosc-qc bc osc _ acl_ à qcesp_ _lrcq bc qc _npmvgk_p m glbgtâbsm c amlbsxgp m
B R ms cv_kc AC R.
Am clamlrp_p sk glbgtâbsm osc cqrÍ ück _gvm , _ npgkcgp_ _t_jg_ m osc d_xcp à qc cjcq
cqr m amlqagclrcq ms glamlqagclrcq.
Rc m glbgtâbsm cqrgtcp glamlqagclrc, ck qcesgb_, amkc _p amk m Ilosàpgrm B R c qcesgp ck dpclrc amk _ Ocqosgq_ AC R. Rc cjcq cqr m amlqagclrcq, ck
qcesgb_, amkc _p amk _ Ocqosgq_ bc AC R.
> > Mcvr: Rsnmprc BÍqgam bc Ugb_
5 AC R - Rsnmprc At_l _bm bc Ugb_ ck C_pbgmjmeg_

QSNMPRC BC TGB>
?yQGAM
A AHA _ars_jgx_ m aspqm Rsnmprc BÍqgam bc Ugb_ (B R) _m jmlem bmq _lmq amkm sk_ lmt_ ncqosgq_ ck _rclbgkclrm a_pbâ_am
rmplms-qc bgqnmlâtcj. n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ amlrgls_ _ qcp _ npglagn_j a_sq_ bc kmprc lmq Eqr_bmq Tlgbmq. bgpcrpgxcq B R ksb_p_k
bp_qrga_kclrc, c mq cjckclrmq bc B R amlrgls_k _ qcp _jeslq bmq n_qqmq k_gq gknmpr_lrcq lm rp_r_kclrm glgag_j. Cmlacgrmq ecp_gq
bc B R glajsck:
glgag_p p_ngb_kclrc _ a_bcg_ bc qm pctgtálag_.
Csknpglbm _q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc n_p_ _bsjrmq, apg_l _q c c áq.
R_ cp mlbc jma_jgx_p c clrclbcp amkm sq_p sk bcqdg pgj_bmp _srmkÍrgam

cvrcplm (AED)
Fmplcacp pcqngp_ m bc pcqe_rc, os_lbm _npmnpg_bm.
Cmknpcclbcp amkm cvcasr_p amkm sk_ cosgnc.
R_ clbm amkm rp_r_p _qdgvg_.
GL AGM BM A>BCG> BC QM?PCTGT°LAG>

N glâagm npcamac b_ B R dmg kmqrp_bm n_p_ _skclr_p _ npm _ gjgb_bc bc qm pctgtálag_ n_p_ sk_ lcemag_ m glbgtâbsm amk n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_. O_p_
_skclr_p _q af_lacq bc qm pctgtcp _ sk ctclrm a_pbâ_am, m qmamppgqr_ bctc qcesgp _q cr_n_q b_ a_bcg_ Absjrm bc Rm pctgtálag_ ( DfdroY 0( -
AYabfY >ariql ab QlZobsfsÚk fY
Pb lkeb bo lp abpcfZofiYo >BT>LACB NÁQ,A>PB >A>

PbYifwYo Y PAN
pfkqljYp b YqfsYo AMK >CB QSNMPRC ASGB>BMQ
C>PJW
CKQ > TGB> NPGQzM
dgesp_ 1
> > Rcesglrc: C_bcg_ OcbgÍrpga_ b_ Rm pctgtálag_

Ekcpeálag_q ck apg_l _q c j_arclrcq l m q m ecp_jkclrc a_sq_b_q ncjm amp_ m. Cpg_l _q c c áq k_gmpg_ b_q tcxcq rák npm jck_q
pcqngp_rãpgmq osc bcqcla_bcg_k _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_. N npgkcgpm c k_gq gknmpr_lrc n_qqm b_ C_bcg_ OcbgÍrpga_ b_ Rm pctgtálag_ ( DfdroY 1( à _
npctcl m.
AYabfY mbafÉqof Y ab QlZobsfsÚk fY
>BT>LACB NÁQ,A>PB >A>

CTGR>P PbYifwYo Y PAN >RGT>P
QSNMPRC ASGB>BMQ
NPGQzM C>PJW CKQ
> TGB> NPGQzM
Fgesp_ 2
1/04 KSB>L >Q MPGCLR> zM ?JQ

Ek 2015, _ _rs_jgx_ m AHA Êq qs_q bgpcrpgxcq Arclbgkclrm C_pbgmt_qasj_p bc Ekcpeálag_ (ECC) pcdmp ms _jesk_q b_q pcamkclb_ écq
dcgr_q ck 2010. O_p_ sk_ pctgq m ck npmdslbgb_bc b_q ksb_l _q dcgr_q, amlqsjrc m bmaskclrm pcqskm cvcasrgtm b_ AHA.
> pbdrfo bpqÍl lp abqYiebp aYp YiqboYÓãbp cbfqYp bj 1/04 afobqofwbp mYoY ?JQ9
A ksb_l _ bm rp_bgagml_j ABC (tg_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, amknpcqqécq) qcosálag_ ck 2010 n_p_ m CAB (amknpcqqécq, tg_q
_àpc_q, pcqngp_ m) qcosálag_ dmg amldgpk_b_ ck 2015 mpgclr_ écq. A áld_qc l_ glgag_ m npcamac bc amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q
qck bckmp_ n_p_ _t_jg_ m b_q tg_q _àpc_q ms pcqngp_ m _prgdgag_j pcqsjrms ck kcjfmpcq pcqsjr_bmq.
Alrcpgmpkclrc, mq qmamppgqr_q nmbck rcp qgbm amldpmlr_bmq amk _ cqamjf_ bc bcgv_p m glbgtâbsm n_p_ _rgt_p qcptg mq kàbgamq bc
ckcpeálag_ (ELR). Aemp_, mq qmamppgqr_q q m qsqacnrâtcgq bc rcp sk rcjcdmlc acjsj_p, ksgr_q tcxcq amk pcaspqmq bc tgt_-tmx. N sqm bc
sk _jrm-d_j_lrc ms msrpm bgqnmqgrgtm k mq-jgtpcq ncpkgrc osc m qmamppgqr_ n_p_ amlrgls_p _ npcqr_p _hsb_ bsp_lrc _ amkslga_ m amk m
bcqn_af_lrc ELR.
qmamppgqr_q l m rpcgl_bmq bctck glgag_p _q k mq qmkclrc COQ qm _ bgpc m bm bcqn_af_lrc ELR, jmem osc m glbgtâbsm à
gbclrgdga_bm amkm qck pcqnmqr_.
q_jt_bmpcq rpcgl_bmq bctck amlrgls_p _ dmplcacp _ QCO amk pcqngp_ m _prgdgag_j.
Ek qgrs_ écq ck osc _ _sqálag_ bc pcqnmqr_ à nclq_bm n_p_ qcp bc mtcpbmqc bc l_paãrgamq, mq qmamppgqr_q B R rpcgl_bmq
nmbck _bkglgqrp_p l_jmvml_ tg_ glrp_l_q_j ms glrp_ksqasj_p, qc m kcbga_kclrm cqrÍ bgqnmlâtcj. O_p_ mq glbgtâbsmq qck nsjqm,
gqqm bctc qcp dcgrm _nãq _ COQ à glgag_bm.
dmg amldgpk_b_ _ gknmprÓlag_ b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc, amk _q pcamkclb_ écq _t_l _b_q n_p_ r_v_q kÍvgk_q
c npmdslbgb_bcq.
- amknpcqqécq bctc qcp _bkglgqrp_bm _ sk_ tcjmagb_bc bc 100 _ 120 nmp kglsrm, nmposc amknpcqqécq k_gq pÍngbmq
bm osc 120 nmp kglsrm nmbc l m ncpkgrgp _ pca_pe_ a_pbâ_a_ c pcbsxck _ ncpdsq m.
- amknpcqqécq bctc qcp clrpcesc n_p_ _bsjrmq, _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc clrpc 2 _ 2,4 nmjce_b_q (5 _ 6 ak) nmposc amknpcqqécq _
npmdslbgb_bcq k_gmpcq nmbc pcqsjr_p ck jcq m n_p_ mq ãpe mq tgr_gq, qck _skclr_p _q npm _ gjgb_bcq bc qm pctgtálag_.
- amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bctck qcp clrpcescq Êq apg_l _q (kclmq bc sk _lm bc gb_bc) _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc sk rcp m bm ncgrm,
ecp_jkclrc acpa_ bc 1,5 _ 2 nmjce_b_q (4-5 ak).
- Aq cosgncq bc pcqe_rc bctc ncpkgrgp ncgrm afcgm pcas_p clrpc amknpcqqécq n_p_ npmkmtcp clafgkclrm a_pbâ_am.
> > Rcesglrc: 2015 B R Npgclr_ m Ajrcp_ écq Cmlrgls_ m

QSNMPRC BC TGB>
?yQGAM
- Omposc à bgdâagj bc _t_jg_p amk npcagq m _ os_jgb_bc b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q, sk bgqnmqgrgtm bc dccb _ai _sbgmtgqs_j nmbc qcp
sq_bm n_p_ mrgkgx_p _ clrpce_ bc COQ bsp_lrc _ pcqqsqagr_ m.
- Ilrcppsn écq b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q, glajsglbm afmoscq npà c AED-nmqr bctc qcp m k_gq asprm nmqqâtcj.
Cmknpcqq m _ pcj_ m tclrgj_ m ncpk_lcac 30: 2 n_p_ sk glbgtâbsm qck sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j lm jse_p.
Ilbgtâbsmq amk sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_ lm jse_p bctc pcac cp amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q glglrcppsnr_q amk tclrgj_ écq _ qcp
clrpcesc _ sk_ r_v_ bc sk_ _ a_b_ qcgq qceslbmq.
M_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_, m bcqdg pgj_bmp bctc qcp srgjgx_bm m k_gq pÍngbm nmqqâtcj.
amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bctc qcp pcrmk_bm _qqgk osc sk afmosc.
bcqdg pgj_bmpcq gdÍqgamq q m k_gq cdga_xcq ck rcpkgl_p pgrkmq d_r_gq c q m npcdcpgbmq n_p_ bcqdg pgj_bmpcq
kmlmdÍqgamq k_gq tcjfmq.
amldgesp_ écq bc clcpeg_ t_pg_k bc _ampbm amk d_ pga_lrc, c _q mpgclr_ écq cqncaâdga_q bm bgqnmqgrgtm bctck qcp qcesgb_q.
cnglcdpgl_ bmqc n_bp m (1 ke a_b_ 3 _ 5 kgl) à m t_qmnpcqqmp npcdcpgbm. bmqc _jr_ bc cnglcdpgl_ c t_qmnpcqqgl_
l m rák kmqrp_bm qcp k_gq cdga_x, c nmpr_lrm, l m q m pcamkclb_bmq.
O_p_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ osc à qsqncgr_ bc qcp a_sq_b_ nmp m qrps m b_ _pràpg_ ampmlÍpg_, _legmep_dg_ bctc qcp pc_jgx_b_ ck a_pÍrcp
bc speálag_.
ecqr m bc rckncp_rsp_ S_pecrcb bctc k_lrcp sk_ rckncp_rsp_ amlqr_lrc clrpc 32 _ 36 ep_sq C bsp_lrc ncjm kclmq
24 fmp_q ck _k gclrc fmqngr_j_p.
pcqdpg_kclrm pmrgl_ bc glbgtâbsmq lm _k gclrc npà-fmqngr_j_p l m à pcamkclb_bm.
1/0/ ?JQ KSB>L >Q MPGCLR> zM
Cpqbp pbdrfo obmobpbkqYj rj obprjl aYp YiqboYÓãbp 1/0/9

Alrcpgmpkclrc, mq n_qqmq glgag_gq dmp_k tg_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, amknpcqqécq, ms ABC. A jgrcp_rsp_ glbga_ osc _ n_prgp
amknpcqqécq lm glâagm bm npmacqqm t_g _skclr_p _q r_v_q bc qm pctgtálag_. Ompr_lrm, _q cr_n_q dmp_k _jrcp_bmq n_p_
amknpcqqécq, tg_ _àpc_, pcqngp_ m, ms CAB. Eqrc bcqrgl_-qc _ glaclrgt_p _ QCO npcamac c ctgr_p rp_lqcslrcq glrcpnpcr_ m
pcqngp_ m _emlg_ amkm qgl_gq bc tgb_ c pcrcl m COQ.
üNjf_, mstgp c qclrgp n_p_ _ pcqngp_ m l m à k_gq pcamkclb_bm. Ek tcx bc _t_jg_p _ pcqngp_ m b_ ncqqm_, amkcac _ QCO qc
_ ncqqm_ l m cqrgtcp pcqngp_lbm (ms qã à mdce_lrc), l m rck nsjqm (ms qc l m rgtcp acprcx_), ms l m pcqnmlbc. M m pc_jgxc sk_
_t_jg_ m glgag_j b_ pcqngp_ m. A kcr_ à _ clrpce_ _lrcagn_b_ bc amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q _ ncqqm_q amk n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_.
QCO bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc amlqgqrc lm qcesglrc:
- L_lrcp _ r_v_ bc amknpcqq m bc 100 _ 120 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm n_p_ rmb_q _q ncqqm_q.
- L_lrclf_ npmdslbgb_bc bc amknpcqq m clrpc 2 _ 2,4 nmjce_b_q n_p_ _bsjrmq c apg_l _q, c acpa_ bc 1,5 nmjce_b_q n_p_ apg_l _q.
- Ocpkgrgp pcrmplm bm rãp_v amknjcr_ _nãq a_b_ amknpcqq m.

- Lglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq lm COQ, cvacrm n_p_ sq_p sk AED ms n_p_ _jrcp_p nmqg écq q_jt_bmp.
- M m k_gq bc tclrgj_p.
- Fmplcacp COQ amkm sk_ cosgnc os_lbm nmqqâtcj.
> > Rcesglrc: 2010 B R Npgclr_ m Ajrcp_ écq Cmlrgls_ m

npcqq m apgaãgbc hÍ l m à pc_jgx_bm pmrglcgp_kclrc.
afcoscq bc nsjqm q m k_gq asprmq. Rglr_ n_p_ sk nsjqm, bsp_lrc 10 qceslbmq; qc m nsjqm cqrÍ _sqclrc ms qc tmaá l m rck acprcx_ osc tmaá qclrgp m
nsjqm, ck qcesgb_, glgag_p _q amknpcqqécq. Arà kcqkm mq kàbgamq rpcgl_bmq l m nmbc qcknpc bgxcp bc dmpk_ amldgÍtcj qc cjcq nmbck qclrgp m nsjqm.
O_p_ _q apg_l _q, sq_p sk bcqdg pgj_bmp k_ls_j, qc bgqnmlâtcj. Rc l m cqrgtcp bgqnmlâtcj, sk DAE amk _rcls_bmp bc bmqc ncbgÍrpga_ bctc qcp sq_bm n_p_
sk_ apg_l _. Rc sk AED amk _ bmqc _rcls_bmp l m cqrgtcp bgqnmlâtcj, ck qcesgb_, sq_p sk AED _bsjrm, kcqkm n_p_ sk_ apg_l _.
?JQ N>P> >BSJRMQ
B R n_p_ _bsjrmq qc amlaclrp_ ck d_xcp tÍpg_q r_pcd_q _m kcqkm rcknm. M_q tcpqécq _lrcpgmpcq bm B R, m dmam dmg npglagn_jkclrc qm pc COQ bc sk
q_jt_bmp. Ek ksgr_q qgrs_ écq, k_gq bc sk_ ncqqm_ cqrÍ bgqnmlâtcj n_p_ d_xcp COQ. Eqrc kàrmbm qgksjrÓlc_ c ampcmep_d_bm glajsg _ pc_jgx_ m bc
amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q, _ ecqr m b_q tg_q _àpc_q, mdcpcaclbm pcqngp_ écq bc pcqe_rc, c sq_lbm _ AED, rmbmq amkm sk_ cosgnc. Ocjmq cqdmp mq bc
ammpbcl_ m, sk_ cosgnc bc pcqe_rc nmbc camlmkgx_p t_jgmqmq qceslbmq os_lbm m rcknm ncpbgbm à ges_j b_lmq _m amp_ m c _m aàpc pm.
Qfjmibp >ariql ?JQ >idlofqej
Qbj obpmlpqY9 LzM obpmfoYo

lr QMKCLRC
>ajfoYal
>RGT>P BC
ECR >CB C
CKCPE°LAG>
AMKC >P > ANP
, KMLGRMP PGRKM
, AFMOSC QC LCACQQyPGM
, PbmbqfÓÍl Ymáp 1 KGL
Fgesp_ 3
Eknsppc bspm c pÍngbm
> > Rcesglrc: Nlc-Qcqascp B R / COQ dmp Absjrq
0/ AC R - Rsnmprc At_l _bm bc Ugb_ ck C_pbgmjmeg_

QSNMPRC BC TGB>
?yQGAM
NME-q_jt_bmp B R / COQ OAQA ADT SNR
Qbo pbdrol
Lmt_ _ ncqqm_ dmp_ bm rpÍdcem.
ctc _ ncqqm_ n_p_ dmp_ b_ Íes_ c qcosc _ ncqqm_. (Adme_kclrm ncqqm_q bctck qcp pckmtgbmq b_ Íes_ c qcams-qc dmp_,
k_q r_k àk bctc qcp pckmtgbm b_ Íes_ n_p_b_, r_gq amkm nm _q, ngqagl_q, a_jf_q, cra.)
Sclf_ acprcx_ osc tmaá l m qc rmpl_p dcpgbm _ qg kcqkm.
>sYifYo Y NbpplY
Aegrc _ ncqqm_ c d_j_p amk cjcq ck tmx _jr_.
Ucpgdgosc n_p_ tcp qc _ ncqqm_ cqrÍ pcqngp_lbm. (Qcqngp_ m _emlg_, osc à mdce_lrc ma_qgml_j c à glcdga_x, l m
amlr_ amkm pcqngp_p.)
eYjYaY CKQ
Eltg_p _jesàk n_p_ _hsb_p c n_p_ rcp sk_ AED.
Rc cqrgtcp qmxglfm, nc _ _hsb_ _m _t_jg_p _ pcqngp_ m c nsjqm. (A AHA cld_rgx_ osc mq rcjcdmlcq acjsj_pcq cqr m bgqnmlâtcgq
ck rmbmq mq jse_pcq _emp_ c_ k_gmpg_ rck sk _jrm-d_j_lrc ck srgbm. Oc _ _hsb_ qck bcgv_p _ ncqqm_.)
ANP
Ucpgdga_p m nsjqm.
Ilgag_p _q amknpcqqécq lm ncgrm c pcqngp_ m clrpce_.
abpcfZofiYo
Fgvc _ AED, os_lbm bgqnmlâtcj.
Nstgp c cvcasr_p _q cr_n_q amldmpkc _q glqrps écq.
> > OARRNR COQ: Mcvr

SK> ? A
B C D E
Fgesp_ 4
ANP NYpplp
1. Ucpgdgosc m nsjqm a_pmrâbcm lm j_bm bm ncqam m. Sclf_ ck kclrc n_p_ l m ncpbcp rcknm rclr_lbm qclrgp m nsjqm; qclrc nmp l m k_gq bc 10
qceslbmq. Rc tmaá l m rck acprcx_ tmaá qc qclrgp sk nsjqm, glgag_p _ QCO amk sk agajm bc 30 amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q c bs_q
pcqngp_ écq ( DfdroY 3Y( -
2. Tqc m q_jrm bc sk j_bm l_ kcr_bc gldcpgmp bm cqrcplm lm kcgm bm ncgrm ( DfdroY 3Z( -
3. Cmjmosc _ msrp_ k m ck agk_ b_ npgkcgp_ k m ( DfdroY 3 ( -
4. Eqrgosc mq p_ mq c npcqqgml_p n_p_ _gvm ( DfdroY 3a( - Cmknpcqqécq bctc qcp bc ncjm kclmq bmgq
nmjce_b_q lm ncgrm b_ ncqqm_ c _ sk_ r_v_ bc 100 _ 120 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm.
5. Ccprgdgosc-qc osc clrpc a_b_ amknpcqq m osc tmaá n_p_p amknjcr_kclrc npcqqgml_lbm lm ncgrm c ncpkgrgp osc _ n_pcbc rmpÍaga_
n_p_ pcrmpl_p Ê qs_ nmqg m l_rsp_j. Ilajgl_lbm-qc ms bcqa_lq_lbm lm ncgrm clrpc _q amknpcqqécq nmbc k_lrcp m amp_ m bc
pca_pe_ clrpc a_b_ amknpcqq m c d_xcp COQ kclmq cdga_x.
6. Dcnmgq bc 30 amknpcqqécq, n_p_p amknpcqqécq c _ pgp _q tg_q _àpc_q ncj_ glajgl_ m b_ a_ c _ c m jct_lr_kclrm bm oscgvm ( DfdroY 3b b 3c( -
sk_. Omlf_ _ k m l_ rcqr_ b_ ncqqm_ c glajglc _ a_ c _ n_p_ rpÍq.
. ct_lrc m oscgvm b_ ncqqm_, amjma_lbm m bcbm glbga_bmp c kàbgm qm pc m k_vgj_p gldcpgmp; cpescp.
a. M m pc_jgx_p _ k_lm p_ bc glajgl_ m b_ a_ c _-cjct_ m bm oscgvm, qc tmaá qsqncgr_p osc _ ncqqm_ nmbc rcp sk_ jcq m lm ncqam m. Mcqqc
a_qm, à srgjgx_bm m oscgvm gknsjqm.
b. O_p_ _ k_lm p_ cknsppms-k_vgj_p, qcespc mq Ólesjmq bm k_vgj_p gldcpgmp c jct_lrc-m amk _q bs_q k mq, sk_ bc a_b_ j_bm,
kmtclbm _ k_lbâ sj_ n_p_ _ dpclrc. Rc qcsq jÍ gmq cqr m dcaf_bmq, _ p_ m jÍ gm gldcpgmp amk m nmjce_p ( > DfdroY 3d( -
7. Dá sk_ pcqngp_ m clos_lrm m qcpt_ _ cjct_ m bm rãp_v. Qcngr_ _m b_p sk qceslbm dçjcem. Qcqngp_ écq osc bctc qcp clrpcesc k_gq
bc sk qceslbm.
8. Cmlrgls_p amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q. Ajrcpl_p p_ngb_kclrc clrpc amknpcqqécq c tclrgj_ écq bc pcqe_rc n_p_ kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq
b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q.
> > Rcesglrc: Sum-Qcqascp B R / COQ dmp Absjrq

QSNMPRC BC TGB>
?yQGAM
DNIR-q_jt_bmp B R / COQ OAQA ADT SNR
Lsgr_q tcxcq, f_tcpÍ sk_ qceslb_ ncqqm_ bgqnmlâtcj osc nmbc _egp amkm sk q_jt_bmp. A AHA cld_rgx_ osc mq rcjcdmlcq acjsj_pcq cqr m bgqnmlâtcgq ck
rmbmq mq jse_pcq _emp_ c_ k_gmpg_ rck sk _jrm-d_j_lrc ck srgbm. Dgpgegp m qceslbm qmamppgqr_ n_p_ af_k_p m 911 qck bcgv_p _ ncqqm_ clos_lrm tmaá
amkc _p _ COQ. Eqrc qceslbm qmamppgqr_ r_k àk nmbc clamlrp_p sk AED, clos_lrm tmaá dga_p amk _ ncqqm_. Ps_lbm m qceslbm qmamppgqr_ pcrmpl_, _q
r_pcd_q bc COQ nmbck qcp amkn_prgjf_b_q:
1. N qceslbm qmamppgqr_ npcn_p_ _ AED n_p_ sqm.
2. Umaá amkc _ amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q c amlr_p _q amknpcqqécq ck tmx _jr_.
3. N qceslbm qmamppgqr_ _njga_-qc _q n_qrgjf_q bc AED.
4. N qceslbm qmamppgqr_ _ pc _q tg_q _àpc_q b_ ncqqm_ c bÍ pcqngp_ écq bc pcqe_rc.
5. Spma_k bc n_nàgq _ a_b_ aglam agajmq bc amknpcqqécq c pcqngp_ écq. Tk agajm amlqgqrc bc 30
amknpcqqécq c bs_q pcqngp_ écq.
6. Ccprgdgosc-qc osc clrpc a_b_ amknpcqq m osc tmaá n_p_p amknjcr_kclrc npcqqgml_lbm lm ncgrm c ncpkgrgp
n_pcbc rmpÍaga_ n_p_ pcrmpl_p Ê qs_ nmqg m l_rsp_j. Ilajgl_lbm-qc ms bcqa_lq_lbm lm ncgrm clrpc _q amknpcqqécq nmbc k_lrcp m
amp_ m bc pca_pe_ clrpc a_b_ amknpcqq m c d_xcp COQ kclmq cdga_x. Aq cosgncq bc pcqe_rc osc qc rmpl_k a_lq_bm nmbc rclbck _
glajgl_p-qc qm pc m ncgrm k_gq bsp_lrc _q amknpcqqécq; rpma_p bc n_ncj _hsb_ _q cosgncq bc pcqe_rc pc_jgx_p amknpcqqécq bc _jr_
os_jgb_bc.
7. _jrcpl_p p_ngb_kclrc clrpc n_nàgq n_p_ kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq lm dmplcagkclrm bc amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q.
8. Ps_lbm m DEA cqrÍ jge_bm, kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq bc QCO nmp qmamppgqr_q clos_lrm _ amksr_ m
AED _l_jgq_ m pgrkm a_pbâ_am. Rc sk afmosc à glbga_bm, kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq b_q QCO. Qcrmk_p COQ k_gq
p_ngb_kclrc nmqqâtcj.
>> Rcesglrc: Absjrm tclrgj_ m ma_-_-L_qi

SK> ? A
Fgesp_ 5
ADT SN ma_-_-kÍqa_p_ bc tclrgj_ m
Ek COQ bc sk q_jt_bmp, pcqngp_ écq osc bctc qcp dmplcagbm sq_lbm sk_ kÍqa_p_ bc mjqm, qc bgqnmlâtcj.
1. Dá 30 amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc.
2. Rcj_p _ kÍqa_p_ amlrp_ m pmqrm b_ ncqqm_, amjma_lbm os_rpm bcbmq bc sk_ k m l_ n_prc qsncpgmp
b_ kÍqa_p_ c m nmjce_p b_ msrp_ k m _m jmlem b_ mpb_ gldcpgmp b_ kÍqa_p_ ( DfdroY 4Y( -
3. Tq_lbm mq bcbmq bc qs_ k m qm pc _ n_prc gldcpgmp b_ kÍqa_p_, _ pgp _q tg_q _àpc_q sq_lbm fc_b-rgjr ms
k_lm p_ bc cjct_ m bm oscgvm. (M m d_ _ gqqm qc tmaá qsqncgr_p osc _ ncqqm_ nmbc rcp sk_ jcq m lm ncqam m) ( DfdroY 4Z( -
4. Opcqqgmlc dgpkckclrc ck rmplm b_q mpb_q b_ kÍqa_p_ c tclrgj_p, mdcpcaclbm sk_ pcqngp_ m k_gq
sk qceslbm amkm tmaá tá cjct_ m bm rãp_v b_ ncqqm_ ( DfdroY 4 ( -
5. OpÍrga_ sq_lbm _ kÍqa_p_ bc tÍjtsj_ bc q_am; à cqqclag_j n_p_ _ dmpk_ m bc sk qcjm _ncpr_bm c clrpce_p
SK> ? A
Fgesp_ 6
ADT SN tclrgj_ m amk mjq_-L RCAQA lm COQ SVN-q_jt_bmp
Rc bs_q ncqqm_q cqr m npcqclrcq c sk bgqnmqgrgtm mjq_-kÍqa_p_ cqrÍ bgqnmlâtcj, m qceslbm qmamppgqr_ cqrÍ nmqgagml_bm l_ a_ c _ b_ târgk_,
clos_lrm m msrpm qmamppgqr_ pc_jgx_ amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc. Dá 30 amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc.
1. Elrpce_p 30 amknpcqqécq _jrmq os_jgb_bc lm ncgrm bsp_lrc _ amlr_eck ck tmx _jr_ ( > DfdroY 5Y( -
2. N qceslbm qmamppgqr_ k_lràk m q_am-kÍqa_p_ amk sk_ k m, srgjgx_lbm m nmjce_p c m glbga_bmp

l_ dmpk_ bc sk üC bc sk bmq j_bmq b_ kÍqa_p_ n_p_ dmpk_p sk_ tcb_ m clrpc _ kÍqa_p_ c _ a_p_, clos_lrm osc mq msrpmq bcbmq
_ pgp _q tg_q _àpc_q, jct_lr_lbm k_vgj_p gldcpgmp bc sk_ ncqqm_ ( DfdroY 5Z( -
3. N qceslbm qmamppgqr_ bÍ bs_q pcqngp_ écq _m jmlem bc sk qceslbm a_b_ ( > DfdroY 5 ( -
> > Rcesglrc: Rgknjc Absjrm B R Ajempgrfk

QSNMPRC BC TGB>
?yQGAM
Qfjmibp >ariql ?JQ >idlofqej
õ Gkf fYo Yp ljmobppãbp qloÉ f Yp 'aroYp b oÉmfaYp( bj 0/

pbdrkalp obpmlpqY
QCK obpmfoYÓÍl
õ Nbojfqfo mYoY obqlokl al qáoYu ljmibqY bkqob Yp
ljmobppãbp
LMPK>J
õ KfkfjfwYo Yp fkqboormÓãbp bkqob Yp ljmobppãbp qbo rjY >CB pbj

qloÉ f Yp
õ >ppbdroYo nrb Yp obpmfoYÓãbp cYwbo mbfql prZfo
õ LÍl bu bppl ab sbkqfiYo >RGT>P Cjbodbk v Pbpmlkpb

Jfdrb mYoY l 800
Qvpqbj+ ECR >CB . BbpcfZofiYalo
õ >sYifYo mYoY ofqjl ab elnrb+ ildl nrb >CB afpmlkàsbi bj
mYoYaY YoaàY Y qbpqbjrkeYaY ljl Õ jYfp molsÉsbi rj
ofqjl mYppàsbi ab elnrb
At_jg_p
õ >ajfkfpqoYo rjY obpmfoYÓÍl Y QGK
nsjqm:
YaY 4 Y 5 pbdrkalp NSJQC
õ >sYifYo mripYo Y YaY alfp BCDGLGBM
jfkrqlp abkqol ab 0/
pbdrkalp
LzM
Gkf fYo f ilp ab 2/

ljmobppãbp b
arYp obpmfoYÓãbp
>CB . BbpcfZofiYalo
AFCE>
>sYifYo Y el Ésbfp
PGRKM
QGK LzM õ PbqljYo ANP fjbafYqYjbkqb mlo alfp

>ajfkfpqoYo rj elnrb jfkrqlp
b obqljYo fjbafYqYjbkqb
õ >sYifYo l ofqjl Y YaY alfp
PAN mYoY alfp jfkrqlp
jfkrqlp
õ Alkqfkrb mYpplp YqÕ nrb lp mobpqYalobp ab
Fgesp_ 7 >AJQ ebdYo lr YqÕ nrb Y mbpplY jlpqoY
pfkYfp ab obqlokl aY fo riYÓÍl
> > Rcesglrc: Asrm-At_jg_ m n_p_ B R

>SRM,>T>JG> zM N>P> ?JQ
1. Ps_j b_q qcesglrcq à tcpb_bcgp_ ck pcj_ m B R?
sk_. Â m qmjcrm.
. Lsb_l _q pcaclrcq npmg gp ma_-_- ma_.

a. Ejc bctc qcp bmkgl_bm _lrcq bc AC R.
b. Ejc rck nmsam gkn_arm l_ qm pctgb_.
2. Ps_j à m npgkcgpm n_qqm l_ _t_jg_ m bc sk glbgtâbsm clamlrp_bm ün_p_ _gvm ?
sk_. Ucpgdgosc _ qs_ npcqq m _prcpg_j.
. Ucpgdgosc _ qs_ dpcosálag_ a_pbâ_a_.
a. Ucpgdgosc n_p_ tcp qc cjcq cqr m amlqagclrcq ms glamlqagclrcq.
b. Ucpgdgosc m qcs r_k_lfm b_ nsngj_.
3. N d_rmp à apârgam ck os_joscp qgrs_ m bc ckcpeálag_?
sk_. qcesp_l _ acl_
. Ib_bc bm glbgtâbsm
a. qr_rsq bc pcqqsqagr_ m
b. cqr_bm bc ep_tgbcx
4. Cmkm _q bgpcrpgxcq B R ksb_p amk _ pcaclrc _rs_jgx_ m AHA?
sk_. Uclrgj_ écq q m pc_jgx_b_q _lrcq amknpcqqécq.
. ABC cqrÍ _emp_ CAB.
a. N sqm bc sk AED l m à k_gq pcamkclb_bm.
b. rp_lqnmprc pÍngbm à pcamkclb_bm k_gq bc COQ ml-acl_.
5. Npe_lgx_p _ C_bcg_ B R bc qm pctgtálag_ l_ mpbck amppcr_:
sk_. Njf_p, mstgp c qclrgp
. Ucpgdgosc _ a_n_agb_bc bc pcqnmqr_, af_k_b_ ELR c m rcp AED, bcqdg pgj_ m c agpasj_ m
a. Ucpgdgosc _ a_n_agb_bc bc pcqnmqr_, af_k_b_ ELR c m rcp AED, amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q c bcqdg pgj_ m npcamac
b. Ocbgp _hsb_, afmosc, nsjqm afcosc, afmosc c rp_lqnmprc
6. Dcnmgq bc _rgt_p ELR c cltg_p _jesàk n_p_ sk AED, os_j b_q qcesglrcq à amppcrm n_p_
sk qmamppgqr_ B R bc sk glbgtâbsm osc l m pcqnmlbck qck nsjqm?
sk_. Cmkcac pcqngp_ m bc pcqe_rc.
. Anjga_p _jkmd_b_q AED.
a. Cmpp_ n_p_ m rcp _hsb_.
b. Cmkc _p _q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q.

PCQNMQR>Q
1. C
AC R npmtcbmpcq qc npcqskc rcp bmkgl_bm f_ gjgb_bcq B R. COQ à sk_ n_prc apârga_ bc pcqqsqagr_p târgk_q bc
n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_.
2. C
Am pcqnmlbcp _ sk glbgtâbsm osc cqrÍ ück _gvm , npgkcgpm bcrcpkgl_p qc cjcq cqr m amlqagclrcq ms l m. Eqq_ bcrcpkgl_ m
bcrcpkgl_ qc glgag_p m jct_lr_kclrm B R ms _ Ocqosgq_ bc AC R.
3. A
_t_jg_p qcknpc _ qcesp_l _ b_ acl_ ck os_joscp qgrs_ m bc ckcpeálag_. M m qc rmpl_p dcpgbm _ qg kcqkm.
4. B
N dmam à _ glrcptcl m npcamac c COQ amkc _lbm. Njf_p, mstgp c qclrgp dmg pckmtgbm n_p_ glaclrgt_p m bcqcknclfm
b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q.
5. C
N dmam à _ QCO npcamac c bcqdg pgj_ m.
6. D
Tk _bsjrm osc l m pcqnmlbck, qck sk gknsjqm bctc pcac cp _ QCO, c amknpcqqécq bctc qcp glgag_bm gkcbg_r_kclrc
qcesgbm nmp tclrgj_ m.
> > Mcvr: Rsnmprc At_l _bm bc Ugb_ ck C_pbgmjmeg_

>asYk ba AYoafY
QSNMPRC > TGB>
>kYqljfY al loYÓÍl b cfpflildfY klojYfp

Cmknpcclbcp _ _l_rmkg_ a_pbâ_a_ lmpk_j c dgqgmjmeg_ Aljmibul
OPQ
à sk amknmlclrc gknmpr_lrc bc pc_jgx_p AC R. N
amp_ m à sk kêqasjm mam amknmqrm nmp os_rpm
aÓk_p_q acpa_bmq nmp n_pcbcq bc cqncqqsp_ bc rcagbm P
(qcnrm). Aq _spâasj_q q m _q bs_q aÓk_p_q qsncpgmpcq,
c mq tclrpâasjmq q m _q bs_q aÓk_p_q gldcpgmpcq. Aq
kcr_bcq bgpcgr_ c cqoscpb_ bm amp_ m rp_ _jf_p hslrmq
n_p_ mk c_p m q_lesc nmp rmbm m ampnm. N Írpgm
bgpcgrm (AD) c bm tclrpâasjm bgpcgrm (QU) mk c_p m
q_lesc mvgecl_bm n_p_ mq nsjkécq, mlbc cjc qc rmpl_
mvgecl_bmq. Eqrc mvgeàlgm pgamq q_lesc pcepcqq_ _m Qbdjbkql
QR
Írpgm cqoscpbm ( A) c, ck qcesgb_, clrp_ lm tclrpâasjm Qbdjbkql
R
N
NP
cqoscpbm (UE). A UE à m npglagn_j mk _ osc dmplcac

m q_lesc pcaàk-mvgecl_bm n_p_ m pcqrm bm ampnm.
R_lesc q_g bm amp_ m _rp_tàq bc sk ep_lbc l_tgm
amlfcagbm amkm _ _mpr_. UÍjtsj_q clrpc a_b_ n_p bc
aÓk_p_q jge_b_q gkncbgp m pcdjsvm bm q_lesc. N O
NP GkqbosYil
amlrp_rm bc bmgq Írpgmq qgksjr_lc_kclrc,
Q
GkqbosYil OR
Fgesp_ 8
amp_ m gp bc agk_ n_p_ _gvm. C_b_ _rgb_ amkc _ l_ QA. A UE à m k_gmp c k_gq cqncqqm bc n_pcbcq b_q os_rpm
aÓk_p_q, sk_ tcx osc à pcqnmlqÍtcj n_p_ mk c_p m q_lesc pcaàk-mvgecl_bm n_p_ m pcqrm bm ampnm. N qglm_rpg_j (RA)
lã l_ QA apg_ _ _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_ osc _rs_ amkm k_pa_n_qqm l_rsp_j bm amp_ m. Eqrc gknsjqm cjàarpgam, ck qcesgb_,
tg_h_ n_p_ m lmbm _rpgmtclrpgasj_p (AU), m os_j qc qgrs_ clrpc m _spâasj_q c tclrpâasjmq. Anãq _ n_sq_ jÍ pctckclrc, m
gknsjqm cjàrpgam qc kmtc n_p_ m qgqrck_ Hgq-Ospiglhc, osc _rs_ amkm dg_ m n_p_ amlbsxgp m qgl_j cjàrpgam n_p_ m U c QU.
Eqrc qgl_j cjàrpgam d_x amk osc m kêqasjm a_pbâ_am _ qc amlrp_gp c mk c_p q_lesc. Am amknpcclbcp _ dsl m cjàrpga_
lmpk_j bm amp_ m, qcpÍ dÍagj bc amknpcclbcp _q dsl écq _lmpk_gq. Ps_lbm m q_lesc clrp_ lm Írpgm bm amp_ m,
>> Rcesglrc: Mmpk_j Cmp_ m Al_rmkg_ c Fgqgmjmeg_

>asYk ba AYoafY
QSNMPRC > TGB>
Eqr_ amlrp_a m _spgasj_p pcegqr_ lsk_ rgp_ cjcarpma_pbgmbg_ep_k (ECG), _ mlb_ O. Eqqc gknsjqm, ck qcesgb_, tg_h_ n_p_ m lã
AU, osc nmp qs_ tcx amlbsx m gknsjqm cjàrpgam _rp_tàq bm dcgvc bc Hgq, p_kmq n_amrc, c dg p_q bc Ospiglhc bmq tclrpâasjmq
a_sq_lbm amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p. N rcknm clrpc m glâagm b_ amlrp_a m _spgasj_p c m glâagm b_ amlrp_a m tclrpgasj_p pcegqr_ ck
sk_ d_gv_ bc ECG amkm m glrcpt_jm OQ. A amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p pcegqrp_ l_ d_gv_ bc ECG amkm m amknjcvm PQR. Anãq _
amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p, m pcqrm tclrpâasjmq c pcnmj_pgx_p, osc cqrÍ pcegqrp_bm l_ d_gv_ ECG amkm _ mlb_ S. N Írpgmq r_k àk
pcnmj_pgx_p, k_q gqrm amglagbc amk m amknjcvm PQR, c, nmp amlqcesglrc, l m nmbc qcp m qcpt_bm l_ d_gv_ bc ECG. Jslrmq sk_
mlb_ O, PQR, c mlb_ S ck glrcpt_jmq _npmnpg_bmq q m glbga_rgtmq bm pgrkm qglsq_j lmpk_j (QRM) ( DfdroY 7( - Almpk_jgb_bcq osc
cqr m lm qgqrck_ bc amlbs m nmbc a_sq_p _rp_qmq l_ rp_lqkgqq m bm gknsjqm cjàrpgam c q m bcrcar_bmq lm ECG. Eqrcq
bcqtgmq bc amlbs m lmpk_j nmbc pcqsjr_p ck _ppgrkg_q, r_gq amkm jmamq bc amp_ m, n_sq_q, r_osga_pbg_q c p_bga_pbg_q,
jmamq, c bcgvms a_gp _rgb_q. Eqrcq bgqrêp gmq bm pgrkm qcp m _ mpb_bmq amk k_gq bcr_jfcq _glb_ lm k_ls_j.
GLOS PGRM >AJQ '>?AB( õ
>?AB
KYkqbo YZboqYp Yp sfYp kl mY fbkqb fk lkp fbkqb
õ Alkpfabob sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY

TG> > PC>
õ KlkfqloYo sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY pb lil Yal lj
Lmlgrmp_p c k_lrcp _q tg_q pcqngp_rãpg_q _ cpr_q ck rmbmq mq kmkclrmq. N YmkldoYcfY lkaY nrYkqfqYqfsY
npmtcbmp bctc bcagbgp qc m clcdâagm b_ _bg m bc sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_
qsncp_ m pgqam bc glrcppmkncp _ QCO. Rc m rãp_v bm glbgtâbsm cqrÍ qs glbm qck
srgjgx_p sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_, amlrglsc b_lbm COQ qck n_sq_. Mm clr_lrm,
õ BÚ lufdÚkfl Y 0//"
qc tmaá cqrÍ ck sk fmqngr_j ms ncprm bc npmdgqqgml_gq rpcgl_bmq, osc nmbc
õ >sYifYo Y sbkqfiYÓÍl bcf Yw lj YmkldoYcfY
cdgagclrckclrc glqcpgp c sq_p _q tg_q _àpc_q, amlqgbcpc n_p_lbm COQ. lkaY nrYkqfqYqfsY
õ LÍl bu bppl ab sbkqfiYo
PCQNGP> zM
M_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_, _bkglgqrp_p mvgeálgm _ 100%. L_lrcp q_lesc õ >sYifYo l ofqjl b mripl
q_rsp_ m bc N2 (RASq) k_gmp bm osc ms ges_j _ 94 nmp aclrm, amkm õ BbpcfZofiYÓÍl . YoaflsbopÍl
kcbgb_ nmp sk mvâkcrpm bc nsjqm. Tqc a_nlmep_dg_ mlb_ os_lrgr_rgt_ õ MZqbo Y bppl GT . GM
os_lbm nmqqâtcj. npcqq m n_pag_j lmpk_j bc CN2 qgrs_-qc clrpc 35 rm40 õ BÚ jbaf Yjbkqlp bpmb àcf lp ab ofqjl
kkHe. QCO bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc bctc npmbsxgp sk_ CN2 clrpc 10 _ 20 õ BÚ cirfalp GT . GM+ pb kb bppÉofl
kkHe. Rc _ jcgrsp_ ESCN2 à gldcpgmp _ 10 kkHe _nãq 20 kglsrmq bc

QCO n_p_ sk glbgtâbsm clrs _bm, clr m tmaá nmbc amlqgbcp_p n_p_p
rclr_rgt_q bc pc_lgk_ m.
õ Gabkqfcf Yo b qoYqYo YrpYp obsbopàsbfp
õ ofqjl YoaàY l b efpqáof l al mY fbkqb pÍl Yp eYsbp

mYoY l afYdkápqf l afcbobk fYi
AGPASJ> zM õ >sYifYo nrYkal el Yo lkqoY jbaf Yo
N rcp (IU) m _acqqm glrp_tclmqm, os_lbm nmqqâtcj; tg_ Fgesp_ 9

glrp_-ãqqc_ (IN) à r_k àk _acgrÍtcj. Lmlgrmp
npcqq m _prcpg_j amk sk_ p_ _bcgp_ bc npcqq m q_lesâlc_ ms _ jglf_ glrp_-_prcpg_j, qc bgqnmlâtcj. Lmlgrmpgx_p m pgrkm a_pbâ_am sq_lbm _jkmd_b_q c
sk kmlgrmp a_pbâ_am. Ps_lbm qc srgjgx_ sk DEA, qcesgp _q glbga_ écq (gqrm à, afma_p sk pgrkm bc afmosc). Dá djsgbmq os_lbm _npmnpg_bm. Tq_p
kcbga_kclrmq a_pbgmt_qasj_pcq, os_lbm glbga_bm.
BG>ELÁQRGAM BGDCPCLAG>J
Cmkcac amk _ a_sq_ k_gq npmtÍtcj b_ bcrcl m c, ck qcesgb_, _t_jg_p _ a_sq_q kclmq npmtÍtcgq. Sp_r_p a_sq_q pctcpqâtcgq c amlrgls_p COQ
amkm tmaá apg_p sk bg_elãqrgam bgdcpclag_j. O_p_p _ncl_q pctckclrc n_p_ amldgpk_p sk bg_elãqrgam ms n_p_ rp_r_p a_sq_q pctcpqâtcgq.
Lglgkgx_lbm glrcppsn écq l_ ncpdsq m à dslb_kclr_j.
>> Rcesglrc: Gcqr m Agpu_w

SK> ? A B
Fgesp_ 10
jYkbgl aYp sfYp YÕobYp

Rc _ tclrgj_ m q_am-kÍqa_p_ à _bcos_b_, dmplcacbmpcq nmbck bgdcpgp glqcp m bc sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j. Nq npmdgqqgml_gq bc q_êbc bctck
rmk_p _ bcagq m os_lrm Ê _bcos_ m bc amjma_p sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_ bsp_lrc m jct_lr_kclrm AC R. N t_jmp b_ dgv_ m b_q tg_q
pcqngp_rãpg_q bctck qcp cosgjg p_b_q amlrp_ _ lcacqqgb_bc bc kglgkgx_p _ glrcppsn m b_ ncpdsq m osc pcqsjr_ ck rp_t_p _ QCO bsp_lrc _
amjma_ m b_q tg_q _àpc_q. Eosgn_kclrm bc tg_q _àpc_q bc _qc glajsg _ tg_ _àpc_ mpmd_pâlec_ (NOA) c _ tg_ _àpc_ b_ l_qmd_pglec (MOA). A
bgdcpcl _ npglagn_j clrpc sk_ NOA ( > DfdroY 0/Y( c sk_ MOA ( DfdroY 0/Z( osc à sk_ NOA à amjma_bm l_ ma_ ( DfdroY 00 b 00a( clos_lrm sk_ MOA
à glqcpgbm _rp_tàq bm l_pgx. Ak mq cosgn_kclrm b_q tg_q _àpc_q rcpkgl_p l_ d_pglec. A npglagn_j t_lr_eck bc sk AMO qm pc sk NOA à osc
cjc nmbc qcp srgjgx_bm ck glbgtâbsmq amlqagclrcq ms glamlqagclrcq, nmposc m bgqnmqgrgtm l m cqrgksj_ m pcdjcvm bc tãkgrm. cosgn_kclrm bc tg_
_àpc_ _prgdgag_j glajsg _q tg_q _àpc_q kÍqa_p_ j_pâlec_, rs m bc j_pglec, rs m cqmdÍegam-rp_osc_j, c rs m clbmrp_osc_j. Dgdcpclrcq cqrgjmq bc
cqr_q tg_q _àpc_q qsnp_ejãrga_ cqr m bgqnmlâtcgq. Rc dmp bclrpm bm qcs Ók grm bc npÍrga_, tmaá nmbc sq_p cosgn_kclrmq bc tg_ _àpc_
_t_l _b_, os_lbm _npmnpg_bm c bgqnmlâtcj.
> > Rcesglrc: Abhslrmq Agpu_w Íqga_q

>asYk ba AYoafY
QSNMPRC > TGB>
Abhslrmq UIAR QEROIQASÉQIAR B RICNR
TfY YÕobY lolcYoàkdbY 'MN>(

A NOA à sk bgqnmqgrgtm ck dmpk_ bc J osc qc cla_gv_ qm pc _ jâles_ n_p_ pc_jgx_p _q cqrpsrsp_q fgnmd_pglec kmjcq c _ jâles_ n_p_ jmlec b_ n_pcbc
nmqrcpgmp b_ d_pglec. NOA à srgjgx_b_ ck glbgtâbsmq osc cqr m ck pgqam n_p_ m bcqcltmjtgkclrm bc m qrps m b_q tg_q _àpc_q _ n_prgp b_ jâles_ ms b_
ksqasj_rsp_ b_q tg_q _àpc_q qsncpgmpcq pcj_v_bm. Tk r_k_lfm _bcos_bm c glqcpgbmq pcqsjr_bmq NOA ck _jglf_kclrm _bcos_bm amk _ _ cprsp_ b_
ejmrc. Rc mq cqdmp mq n_p_ _ pgp _q tg_q _àpc_q l m amlqcesck dmplcacp c k_lrcp sk_ tg_ _àpc_ bcqm qrpsâb_, clr m sqc _ NOA ck ncqqm_q
glamlqagclrcq. Tk_ NOA l m bctc qcp srgjgx_bm ck sk glbgtâbsmq amlqagclrcq ms qckgamlqagclrcq, nmposc nmbc cqrgksj_p cle_qemq, tçkgrmq, c,
nmqqgtcjkclrc, _qngp_ m. A _t_jg_ m af_tc n_p_ bcrcpkgl_p qc sk_ NOA nmbc qcp amjma_bm à tcpgdga_p qc m glbgtâbsm rck sk_ rmqqc c e_e pcdjcv
glr_ar_. Rc _qqgk dmp, l m sqc sk_ NOA.
TG>Q > PC>Q L>QMNF>PWLCEC>J 'LN>(
N AMO à sk rs m qck _jmlcrc mpp_af_ k_ag_ ms bc njÍqrgam osc npmnmpagml_ sk_ amlbsr_ n_p_ m djsvm bc _p clrpc _q l_pgl_q c b_ d_pglec. Ejc à sq_bm amkm
sk_ _jrcpl_rgt_ _ sk_ NOA ck glbgtâbsmq osc lcacqqgr_k bc sk amknjckclrm Íqgam bc ecpclag_kclrm bc tg_q _àpc_q.
Am amlrpÍpgm b_ tg_ _àpc_ mp_j, MOA nmbc qcp srgjgx_bm ck glbgtâbsmq amlqagclrcq ms qckgamlqagclrcq (glbgtâbsmq amk rmqqc glr_arm c bm pcdjcvm
bc tãkgrm). N AMO à glbga_bm os_lbm _ glqcp m bc sk_ NOA à rcalga_kclrc bgdâagj ms ncpgemqm. amjma_ m MOA nmbc qcp d_agjgr_b_ ncj_
srgjgx_ m bc sk js pgdga_lrc. Msla_ dmpac _ amjma_ m bm MOA amkm nmbc mamppcp fckmpp_eg_q l_q_gq ep_tcq. Rc cjc l m qc cla_gv_ ck sk
l_pc, rclrc m msrpm j_bm. Sclf_ asgb_bm ms ctgr_p amjma_p MOAq ck glbgtâbsmq amk dp_rsp_q d_ag_gq ã tg_q.
YpmfoYÓÍl
A _qngp_ m à sk amknmlclrc cqqclag_j bc k_lsrcl m b_ dsl m pcqngp_rãpg_. Fmplcacbmpcq bctc _qngp_p _q tg_q pcqngp_rãpg_q gkcbg_r_kclrc
qc fmstcp qcapc m _ slb_lrc, q_lesc ms tãkgrm. Aq rclr_rgt_q bc qsa m l m bctc qcp qsncpgmp _ 10 qceslbmq. O_p_ ctgr_p fgnmvckg_, qge_
_qngp_ m rclr_rgt_q amk sk asprm ncpâmbm bc _bkglgqrp_ m bc mvgeàlgm _ 100%.
Lmlgrmp bc dpcoíálag_ bm glbgtâbsm a_pbâ_a_, q_rsp_ m bc mvgeálgm, c _n_pálag_ ajâlga_ bsp_lrc _ _qngp_ m. Rc sk_ _jrcp_ m lmq n_pÓkcrpmq
bc kmlgrmpgx_ m à tgqrm, glrcppmkncp _ _qngp_ m c _bkglgqrp_p mvgeàlgm _rà m pgrkm a_pbâ_am tmjrc _m lmpk_j c _rà osc _ amlbg m ajâlga_
kcjfmp_. Asvgjg_p bc tclrgj_ m r_j amkm e_p_lrgbm.
Smkc lmr_
Trgjgxc _ncl_q sk_ NOA ck glbgtâbsmq osc l m pcqnmlbck amk MN rmqqc ms pcdjcvm bc tçkgrm. C_qm
amlrpÍpgm, sk_ NOA nmbc cqrgksj_p tãkgrmq, cqn_qkmq b_ j_pglec, ms _qngp_ m.
Tk MOA nmbc qcp srgjgx_bm ck glbgtâbsmq amlqagclrcq amk rmqqc glr_arm c bm pcdjcvm bc tãkgrm. Mm clr_lrm,
sq_p asgb_bmq_kclrc ck glbgtâbsmq amk rp_sk_ d_ag_j bctgbm _m pgqam bc bcqjma_kclrm.
Sclf_ ck kclrc osc m glbgtâbsm l m cqrÍ pcac clbm mvgeálgm _ 100%, clos_lrm _ _qngp_ m.
Ilrcppmkncp _ _qngp_ m c _bkglgqrp_p mvgeàlgm qc os_joscp bcrcpgmp_ m ck os_bpm ajâlgam à
m qcpt_bm bsp_lrc _ _qngp_ m.
> > Rcesglrc: Sàalga_ Agpu_w BÍqgam

SÂCMICA DAR UIAR QEROIQASÉQIAR BARIC
Gkpbofkal rjY MN>

N>QQM 09 gkn_p _ ma_ bc q_lesc c qcapc écq amk qsa m, qc nmqqâtcj.
N>QQM 19 Rcjcagmlc sk bgqnmqgrgtm bc tg_ _àpc_ osc à m r_k_lfm amppcrm n_p_ _ ncqqm_.
Dck_qg_bm ep_lbc bc sk bgqnmqgrgtm n_p_ tg_q pcqngp_rg_q nmbc b_lgdga_p _ e_pe_lr_.
Lsgrm ncosclm bc sk bgqnmqgrgtm bc tg_q _àpc_q nmbc npcqqgml_p _ jâles_ n_p_ _ tg_ _àpc_.
CR>N> 29 Cmjmosc m bgqnmqgrgtm l_ n_prc j_rcp_j bm pmqrm b_ ncqqm_. Eqamjf_ bm bgqnmqgrgtm osc qc cqrclbc _ n_prgp b_
a_lrm b_ ma_ _rà m jã sjm b_ mpcjf_.
N>QQM 39 Ilqcpgp m bgqnmqgrgtm n_p_ bclrpm b_ ma_ bc kmbm osc m nmlrm à n_p_ m aàs b_ ma_, ms ck n_p_jcjm amk
mq bclrcq.
M m npcqqgmlc _ jâles_ bc tmjr_ n_p_ _ e_pe_lr_.
N>QQM 49 Tk_ tcx osc m bgqnmqgrgtm cqrÍ os_qc rmr_jkclrc glqcpgbm, rp_lqdmpkÍ-jm _rà osc _ jâles_ à qcespms ncjm glrcpgmp
aspt_ bm bgqnmqgrgtm.
GLQCPGP > LN>

N>QQM 09 Rcjcagmlc sk bgqnmqgrgtm bc tg_ _àpc_ osc à m r_k_lfm amppcrm n_p_ _ ncqqm_.
N>QQM 19 Cmjmosc m bgqnmqgrgtm l_ n_prc j_rcp_j bm pmqrm b_ ncqqm_. Eqamjf_ bm bgqnmqgrgtm osc qc cqrclbc _ n_prgp b_ nmlr_
bm l_pgx n_p_ m jã sjm b_ mpcjf_. Tqc m k_gmp bgqnmqgrgtm bc bgÓkcrpm osc t_g a_ cp.
CR>N> 29 s pgdga_p _q tg_q _àpc_q amk sk js pgdga_lrc qmjêtcj ck Íes_ ms ecjcg_ _lcqràqga_.
N>QQM 39 Ilqgp_ m bgqnmqgrgtm jclr_kclrc, kmtclbm-qc ck jglf_ pcr_ lm pmqrm (l m n_p_ m aàpc pm).
N>QQM 49 Ejc bctc qc qclrgp amldmprÍtcj; l m dmp _p m bgqnmqgrgtm l_ l_pgl_. Rc cjc qc qclrc npcqm, pckmt_-m c rclrc
_ msrp_ l_pgl_.
DICAR RNBQE _qngp_ m
Ps_lbm _ _qngp_ m b_ mpmd_pglec, l m glqcpgp m a_rcrcp ksgrm npmdslb_kclrc. Eqrclbcp m a_rcrcp _rà _ npmdslbgb_bc
kÍvgk_ bc qcesp_l _ c bc qsa m amkm tmaá pcrgp_p.
Ps_lbm _ _qngp_ m bc sk rs m clbmrp_osc_j (ES), rclf_ ck kclrc m rs m cqrÍ bclrpm b_ rp_osàg_ c osc tmaá nmbc qcp _
_qngp_ m ncprm b_ pçlosgmq ms nsjk m. Ompr_lrm, sk_ ràalga_ cqràpgj bctc qcp sq_bm.
C_b_ rclr_rgt_ bc qsa m bctc qcp n_p_ l m k_gq bc 10 qceslbmq. ck pc-qc bc osc _ ncqqm_ l m rcpÍ mvgeálgm bsp_lrc
_ _qngp_ m.
Lmlgrmp_p mq qgl_gq tgr_gq bsp_lrc _ _qngp_ m c n_p_p _ _qngp_ m gkcbg_r_kclrc qc _ ncqqm_ cvncpgkclr_
fgnmvckg_ (RASq bc mvgeálgm gldcpgmp _ 94%), rck sk_ lmt_ _ppgrkg_, ms rmpl_-qc ag_lãrga_.
Smkc lmr_
NOAq ksgrm ep_lbc ms ksgrm ncosclm, nmbc m qrpsgp _q tg_q _àpc_q.
MOAq bgkclqgml_b_ glamppcr_kclrc nmbc clrp_p lm cqçd_em.
Rcknpc tÍ n_p_ pcqngp_ m cqnmlrÓlc_ _nãq _ glqcp m bc sk ms msrpm bgqnmqgrgtm.
> > Rcesglrc: Agpu_w Abhslrmq _t_l _b_q

>asYk ba AYoafY
QSNMPRC > TGB>
AUAMÁADAR UIAR QEROIQASÉQIAR _bhslrmq
RS?M CLBMRP>OSC>J
N rs m clbmrp_osc_j (ES) à sk_ _jrcpl_rgt_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j. Â sk rgnm cqncaâdgam bc rs m rp_osc_j osc à glqcpgbm _rp_tàq b_ ma_ ms
l_pgx. Â _ tg_ _àpc_ rcalga_kclrc k_gq bgdâacgq bc jse_p; lm clr_lrm, à _ tg_ _àpc_ k_gq qcesp_ bgqnmlâtcj. Ancl_q npmdgqqgml_gq
cvncpgclrcq bctck pc_jgx_p ES glrs _ m. Eqr_ ràalga_ pcoscp m sqm bc sk j_pglemqaãngm. Fg p_ ãnrga_ j_pglemqaãngmq nmprÍrcgq rák sk_
rcj_ bc tâbcm, kcjfmp_p m qsacqqm, c cqr m e_lf_lbm nmnsj_pgb_bc n_p_ sqm ck a_knm.
JYoàkdbY K>QI
A kÍqa_p_ j_pâlec_ ( LA) à sk_ _jrcpl_rgt_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j n_p_ ES glrs _ m c dmplcac tclrgj_ m amkn_pÍtcj. Â _acgrÍtcj _
srgjgx_ m bm LA amkm sk_ _jrcpl_rgt_ _ sk rs m cqmdÍegam-rp_osc_j n_p_ _ ecqr m b_q tg_q _àpc_q ck n_p_eck a_pbâ_a_. A
cvncpgálag_ t_g ncpkgrgp sk_ pÍngb_ amjma_ m bm bgqnmqgrgtm LA nmp sk npmtcbmp bc AC R.
qrZl iYoàkdbl lj
Aq t_lr_eclq bm rs m bc j_pglec q m qckcjf_lrcq _mq bm rs m cqmdÍegam-rp_osc_j; lm clr_lrm, m rs m bc j_pglec à k_gq
amkn_arm c kclmq amknjga_b_ n_p_ glqcpgp. Eqrc rs m rck _ncl_q sk k_gmp bm _j m n_p_ gldj_p c nmbc qcp glqcpgbm
ace_kclrc.
RrZl bplcÉdf l,qoYnrbYi

N rs m cqmdÍegam-rp_osc_j (nmp tcxcq pcdcpgbm amkm sk Cmk grs c) à sk_ _jrcpl_rgt_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j n_p_ ES glrs _ m. Eqrc bgqnmqgrgtm
npmnmpagml_ sk_ tclrgj_ m _bcos_b_ amkn_pÍtcj _ sk rs m clbmrp_osc_j. N Cmk grs c rck bmgq _jécq qcn_p_bmq osc bctck qcp
gldj_bmq c bs_q nmpr_q qcn_p_b_q. N npmtcbmp bctc bcrcpkgl_p amppcr_kclrc os_j _ nmpr_ n_p_ tclrgj_p _rp_tàq bc npmnmpagml_p mvgecl_ m
_bcos_b_.
Smkc lmr_
Dsp_lrc _ QCO, _ amknpcqq m ncgrm _ r_v_ bc tclrgj_ m à bc 30: 2.
Rc tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_ à amjma_b_, l m glrcppmkncp _q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q n_p_ pcqngp_ écq. Dá sk_
pcqngp_ m _ a_b_ 6 _ 8 qceslbmq.
> > Rcesglrc: Ug_q bc Aacqqm

TG>Q BC >ACQQM
Hgqrmpga_kclrc ck RAUC, npcqr_bmpcq bc rcp _bkglgqrp_bm bpme_q _rp_tàq b_ tg_ glrp_tclmq_ (IU) ms m ncpaspqm ES. ES _ qmp m bc bpme_q à
nm pc, c _ bmq_eck b_ bpme_ gbc_j à bcqamlfcagbm. Ompr_lrm, _ tg_ glrp_-ãqqc_ (IN) à _emp_ npcdcpgb_, os_lbm m _acqqm IU l m cqrÍ
bgqnmlâtcj. A _gvm q m _q npgmpgb_bcq n_p_ m _acqqm t_qasj_p.
tg_ glrp_tclmq_
A IU ncpgdàpgam à npcdcpgbm n_p_ _bkglgqrp_ m bc kcbga_kclrmq c bc djsgbm, _ kclmq osc bc _acqqm Ê jglf_ aclrp_j, hÍ cqrÍ bgqnmlâtcj. _acqqm
Ê jglf_ aclrp_j l m à lcacqqÍpgm bsp_lrc _ k_gmpg_ b_q rclr_rgt_q bc pc_lgk_ m, nmgq nmbc a_sq_p glrcppsn écq lm COQ c amknjga_ écq
bsp_lrc _ glqcp m. Cmjma_p sk_ jglf_ ncpgdàpga_ l m pcoscp glrcppsn m COQ.
Qb rj cÉojY l Õ YajfkfpqoYal mlo sfY mbofcÕof Y ab YajfkfpqoYÓÍl+ cYÓY l pbdrfkqb9
1. cknspp_p Ilrp_tclmq_kclrc glhca m bc mjsq (_ kclmq osc glbga_bm bc msrp_ dmpk_).
2. _tc amk 20 kj bc djsgbm ms qmjs m q_jgl_.
3. cvrpckgb_bc _skclrm n_p_ 10 _ 20 qceslbmq n_p_ _skclr_p _ jg cpr_ m bc dÍpk_am n_p_ _ agpasj_ m.
glrp_ãqqc_q QNTSE
Dpme_q c djsgbmq nmbck qcp clrpcescq bc dmpk_ qcesp_ c cdga_x bsp_lrc _ pc_lgk_ m nmp tg_ IN qc m _acqqm IU l m cqrÍ bgqnmlâtcj.
IN _acqqm nmbc qcp srgjgx_bm n_p_ rmbmq mq epsnmq crÍpgmq, nmbc qcp amjma_b_ ck kclmq bm osc sk kglsrm, c rck sk_ _ qmp m k_gq
npctgqâtcj bm osc _ pmr_ bc ES.
Smkc lmr_
Ps_lbm qc srgjgx_ tg_ IU ncpgdàpgam bc _bkglgqrp_ m, mq dÍpk_amq nmbck rcp _rà bmgq kglsrmq ms
k_gq n_p_ _rglegp _ agpasj_ m aclrp_j. N cdcgrm bc kcbga_kclrmq b_bmq l m nmbck qcp tgqrmq _rà
kcqkm k_gq. QCO bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc _hsb_ _ agpasj_p cqq_q bpme_q c à sk_ n_prc gknmpr_lrc b_
pcqqsqagr_ m.
Ps_joscp bpme_ RAUC ms jâosgbm osc nmbc qcp _bkglgqrp_bm nmp tg_ glrp_tclmq_, r_k àk nmbck qcp b_b_q
glrp_mqqcmsqjw.
> > Fcpp_kclr_q d_pk_amjãega_q: Mcvr

>asYk ba AYoafY
QSNMPRC > TGB>
cbooYjbkqYp cYojY liádf Yp

Tqm bc os_joscp kcbga_ m A CR l_ S_ cj_ 1 bctc qcp dcgrm bclrpm bm qcs Ók grm bc npÍrga_ c, _nãq cqrsbm _npmdslb_bm b_q _ écq c
cdcgrmq amj_rcp_gq. Eqr_ r_ cj_ dmplcac _ncl_q sk pctc jck pcrc n_p_ _oscjcq osc hÍ cqr m d_kgjg_pgx_bmq amk m sqm bcqqcq
kcbga_kclrmq. Ajàk bgqqm, m Ps_bpm 1 amlràk _ncl_q _q bmqcq n_p_ _bsjrmq, glbga_ m, c tg_q bc _bkglgqrp_ m n_p_ mq kcbga_kclrmq
RAUC k_gq amkslq.
Blpbp+ olqYp b Splp ab BoldYp Aljrj
BPME> NPGLAGN>J >AJQ SQC BMQC . PMSRC LMR>Q
IU gknsjqm pÍngbm ncprm bm as m, qcesgbm bc sk mjsq bc qmjs m

SORU M_ppmu / RUS
q_jgl_
r_afw PQR j_pem - ctgr_p 6 ke IU bc mjsq, nmbc pcncrgp amk 12 ke ck 1 _ 2 kgl.
YabklpfkY kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ amlrâls_ bsp_lrc _
_bkglgqrp_ m
_bclmqgl_ ck PQR j_pem
gppcesj_p
F_x amk osc m ps mp c ncgrm ncqm
Alrcagn_p fgnmrclq m, p_bga_pbg_, c rmvgagb_bc

e_qrpmglrcqrgl_j
qck
FU / nsjqm
r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p
FU / SU: 300 ke bgjsgp ck 20 _ 30 kj, nmbc pcncrgp 150 kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ amlrâls_
YjflaYolkY US amk nsjqm
ke ck 3 _ 5 kgl kcg_ tgb_ ksgrm jmle_ (_rà 40 bg_q)
amlrpmjc b_ r_v_ bc S_afw
M m srgjgx_p ck jmam bc 2ª ms 3ª ep_s amp_ m
M m _bkglgqrp_p nmp tg_ rs m ES
p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrgamq IU 0,5 ke / ES _ a_b_ 3 _ 5 kglsrmq

A kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ c BO
A bmqc kÍvgk_: 3 ke
M m srgjgx_p ck ej_samk_ ms
>qolmfkY r_osg_ppgrkg_q
rmvgl_q cqncaâdga_q / qm pcbmq_eck (nmp
2 _ 4 ke IU / ES nmbc qcp lcacqqÍpgm A bmqc bc 0,5 ke Lâlgk_
cvcknjm mpe_lmdmqd_rmq)
2 _ 20 kae / ie / kgl pcqqsqagr_ m Fjsgb npgkcgpm

almYjfkY Cfmosc / CHF
Sgrsj_-qc _ npcqq m _prcpg_j bcqch_bm A kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ c BO
Ilgag_j: 1,0 ke (1: 10000) IU ms bc 2 _ 2,5 ke (1: 1000)

ESS a_b_ 3 _ 5 kgl
O_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_
L_lrcp: / ie / kgl Sgrsj_p bcqch_p _ npcqq m q_lesâlc_ 0,1
c 0,5 kae kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ amlrâls_
Mmr_: Dgqrglesgp clrpc 1: 1000 c 1: 10000 amlaclrp_ écq
CmfkbcofkY 500 kae IL
Al_dgj_vg_
Qcngr_ _ a_b_ aglam kglsrmq, amldmpkc lcacqqÍpgm Dá _rp_tàq b_ jglf_ aclrp_j, os_lbm nmqqâtcj
p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_ / 2 _ 10 kae / kgl bc gldsq m

Cfmosc
Sgrsj_p _ pcqnmqr_
Ilgag_j: 1 _ 1,5 ke / ie IU a_ppce_kclrm

O_p_b_ C_pbâ_a_ (UF / US) Rceslb_: Lcr_bc b_ npgkcgp_ bmqc bc 5 _ 10 kgl
ifal YàkY L_lrcp: 1 _ 4 ke / kgl
mjsq pgbm nmbc a_sq_p fgnmrclq m c p_bga_pbg_
( gbma_âl_ à
pcamkclb_bm os_lbm _
_kgmb_pml_ l m à Tqc amk asgb_bm l_ glqsdgagálag_ pcl_j
glgag_j: 0,5 _ 1,5 ke / ie, IU
_acqqâtcj) r_osga_pbg_ Gp_lbc amknjcvm ajmpcrm bc aÍjagm nmbc gltcprcp
amk nsjqm Rceslb_: Lcr_bc b_ npgkcgp_ bmqc bc 5 _ 10 kgl Hgncpk_elcqckg_
L_lrcp: 1 _ 4 ke / kgl
n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ / rmpq_bcq C_pbg_a Appcqr: 1 _ 2 e bgjsâbmq ck 10 k bc D5V OIU
qck nsjqm
mjsq pgbm nmbc a_sq_p fgnmrclq m c p_bga_pbg_
QricYql ab jYdkÕpfl
Tqc amk asgb_bm l_ glqsdgagálag_ pcl_j
Smpq_bcq bc nmglrcq amk Rc l m n_p_eck a_pbâ_a_: 1 _ 2 e IU _m jmlem bc 5 _ 60 kgl
N ajmpcrm bc aÍjagm nmbc gltcprcp RELIA fwncpk_elc-
nsjqm L_lrcp: 0,5 _ 1 e / f IU
20 _ 50 ke / kgl, _rà IU pgrkm kcjfmp_, fgnmrclq m A kmlgrmpgx_ m a_pbâ_a_ c BO

mamppc, PQR _j_pe_-qc ck 50% ms bmqc LAW à b_b_
PQR j_pem r_osga_pbg_ Csgb_bm amk gld_prm _esbm bm kgmaÍpbgm
mol YfkYjfaY Opcdcpgbmq n_p_ US amk nsjqm

bmqc kÍv: 17 ke / ie
Ombc pcbsxgp _ bmqc amk glqsdgagálag_ pcl_j
(cqrÍtcj) M m bá amk _kgmb_pml_
Gmrch_kclrm: 1 _ 2 e ck 250 _ 500 kj bc 1 _ 4 ke
/ kgl M m srgjgx_p ck PS npmjmle_bm ms CHF
r_osg_ppgrkg_
plqYili SU kmlmkãpdga_ 100 ke (1,5 ke / ie) IU bsp_lrc 5 kgl M m srgjgx_p ck PS npmjmle_bm
3 jglf_ _lrg-_ppârkgam
r_ cj_ 1
> > Rcesglrc: Asrm-At_jg_ m n_p_ AC R

>SRM,>T>JG> zM N>P> >AJQ
1. Tk glbgtâbsm qc _npcqclr_ amk p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_. Rs_ dpcoíálag_ a_pbâ_a_ à 32. Ps_j bmq
Rcesck-qc _q mn écq rcp_násrga_q _acgrÍtcgq?
sk_. Arpmngl_
. Englcdpgl_
a. bmn_kgl_
b. Ssbm _agk_
2. A amj_nqmq _jamãjga_q amlfcagb_q c à clamlrp_bm n_p_ qcp ck rmpq_bcq bc nmglrcq. N osc _ glrcptcl mà
k_gq npmtÍtcj n_p_ amppgegp m npm jck_ qs h_aclrc?
sk_. Qc_oscacp m glbgtâbsm n_p_ amppgegp _ fgnmrcpkg_.

. Abkglgqrp_p qsjd_rm bc k_elàqgm 1 _ 2 e IU bgjs_ ck 10 k bc D5V n_p_ amppgegp _gvm k_elàqgm.
a. Abkglgqrp_p ejgamqc n_p_ amppgegp _ fgnmejgackg_.

b. Abkglgqrp_p l_jmvml_ n_p_ amppgegp mtcpbmqc bc l_paãrgamq.
3. Umaá _a_ ms _bkglgqrp_b_ sk_ bpme_ n_p_ sk glbgtâbsm l_ r_osga_pbg_ qsnp_tclrpgasj_p (RUS).
Ej_ qc oscgv_ bc ps mp c qclq_ m bc ncqm lm ncgrm. Psc bpme_ à _ a_sq_ k_gq npmtÍtcj?
sk_. Aqngpgl_
. _bclmqgl_
a. _kgmb_pml_
b. _kgrpgnrgjgl_
PCQNMQR>Q
1. D
Arpmngl_ à m rp_r_kclrm glgag_j n_p_ p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_. Rc l m pcqnmlbcp, IU bmn_kgl_ ms cnglcdpgl_ à m npãvgkm n_qqm.
O_agle nmbc qcp cdga_x qc msrp_q kcbgb_q dmpck glqsdgagclrcq n_p_ kcjfmp_p _ r_v_.
2. B
A fgnmk_elcqckg_ ms Le ++ _gvm à ecp_jkclrc a_sq_b_ nmp _jammjgqkm c bcqlsrpg m. A _bkglgqrp_ m bc
k_elàqgm IU nmbck gkncbgp ms rcpkgl_p _ rmpq_bcq bc nmglrcq.
3. B
A _bclmqgl_ à _ cqamjf_ amppcar_ n_p_ m rp_r_kclrm bc RUS c pcqsjr_ dpcosclrckclrc ck pc_a écq r_gq amkm ps mp,
bgqnlcg_, npcqq m lm ncgrm, c rmlrsp_.
> > Opãvgk_: Opglaângmq bc bcqdg pgj_ m npcamac

NPGLA NGMQ B>
C>PJW
BCQDG?PGJ> zM
Ps_lrm k_gq acbm _ bcqdg pgj_ m mamppc, os_lrm k_gmp _ r_v_ bc qm pctgtálag_. Ps_lbm sk_ _ppgrkg_ d_r_j cqrÍ npcqclrc, COQ nmbc
dmplcacp sk_ ncoscl_ os_lrgb_bc bc djsvm bc q_lesc n_p_ m amp_ m cm aàpc pm, k_q l m nmbc pcqr_sp_p bgpcr_kclrc sk pgrkm
mpe_lgx_bm. A npm _ gjgb_bc bc pcqr_sp_p sk pgrkm bc ncpdsq m à mnrgkgx_bm amk QCO gkcbg_r_ c bcqdg pgj_ m. N m hcrgtm b_
bcqdg pgj_ m à glrcppmkncp sk pgrkm a_ãrgam c ncpkgrgp n_ack_icpq lmpk_gq bm amp_ m n_p_ pcrmk_p _ _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_ cdga_x. A bmqc
bc clcpeg_ _bcos_bm à bcrcpkgl_b_ ncj_ amlacn m bm bcqdg pgj_bmp-kmlmdÍqgam ms gdÍqgam. Rc tmaá cqrgtcp sq_lbm sk bcqdg pgj_bmp
kmlmdÍqgam, b_p sk êlgam 360 J afmosc. Tqc _ kcqk_ bmqc bc clcpeg_ ck afmoscq qs qcoíclrcq. bcqdg pgj_bmpcq gdÍqgamq srgjgx_p sk_
t_pgcb_bc bc dmpk_q bc mlb_ c rcp qgbm kmqrp_bm n_p_ qcp k_gq cdga_x n_p_ rcpkgl_p sk_ _ppgrkg_ d_r_j. Am sq_p bcqdg pgj_bmpcq gdÍqgamq,
mq dmplcacbmpcq bctck sq_p bmqc bc clcpeg_ pcamkclb_bm ncjm d_ pga_lrc. Lsgrmq d_ pga_lrcq bc bcqdg pgj_bmpcq gdÍqgamq cvg gp m
glrcpt_jm bc bmqc cdga_x bc clcpeg_ l_ d_ac bm bgqnmqgrgtm. Rc m npgkcgpm afmosc l m rcpkgl_p _ _ppgrkg_, nmbc qcp p_xmÍtcj n_p_ cqa_j_p _
clcpeg_ clrpcesc qc m bcqdg pgj_bmp ncpkgrc.
O_p_ kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq b_q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q bsp_lrc _ QCO, amlrgls_p COQ clos_lrm m bcqdg pgj_bmp cqrÍ _ a_ppce_p.
Ccprgdgosc-qc bc jgkn_p m glbgtâbsm, e_p_lrglbm osc m mvgeálgm à pckmtgbm c lglesàk cqrÍ rma_lbm m glbgtâbsm _lrcq bc clrpce_p m afmosc.
Ikcbg_r_kclrc _nãq m afmosc, pcglgag_ _ QCO, amkc _lbm amk amknpcqqécq. Dá COQ nmp bmgq kglsrmq (_npmvgk_b_kclrc aglam agajmq).
Tk agajm amlqgqrc bc 30 amknpcqqécq qcesgb_q nmp bs_q pcqngp_ écq n_p_ sk glbgtâbsm qck sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j. Aoscjcq glbgtâbsmq amk
sk bgqnmqgrgtm bc tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j lm jma_j nmbc qcp tclrgj_bm _ sk_ r_v_ bc sk_ pcqngp_ m _ a_b_ 5 _ 6 qceslbmq (ms 10 _ 12
pcqngp_ écq nmp kglsrm).
> > Rcesglrc: Cf_tcq n_p_ Tq_lbm sk AED

AF>TCQ Y rpYo rj abpcfZofiYalo YrqljÉqf l CVRCPLM
Rc tmaá mjf_p ck rmplm bmq jma_gq nê jgamq osc tmaá tgqgr_, tmaá à npmtÍtcj
clamlrp_p sk bcqdg pgj_bmp _srmkÍrgam cvrcplm (AED). Tk AED à _m kcqkm
rcknm qmdgqrga_bm c dÍagj bc sq_p, dmplcaclbm clcpeg_ n_p_ q_jt_p tgb_q ck sk
bgqnmqgrgtm sqcp-dpgclbjw osc m rmpl_ êrgj n_p_ ncqqm_q osc lsla_ mncpms sk c
n_p_ os_joscp sk ck aclÍpgmq bc cqrpcqqc. Mm clr_lrm, m sqm _bcos_bm bc sk
AED à ksgrm gknmpr_lrc. Opclb_ _q _jkmd_b_q n_p_ m j_bm qsncpgmp bgpcgrm c
gldcpgmp cqoscpbm bm ncgrm bm glbgtâbsm ( > DfdroY 00( - Tk_ tcx osc _q _jkmd_b_q
cqr m amlcar_bmq amppcr_kclrc, m bgqnmqgrgtm gpÍ jcp m pgrkm bm amp_ m. Rc _q
_jkmd_b_q l m cqr m jge_bmq bc dmpk_ _bcos_b_, m bgqnmqgrgtm gpÍ glbga_p _qqgk
amk _tgqmq. Tk_ tcx osc m pgrkm à _l_jgq_bm, m bgqnmqgrgtm gpÍ bgpcagmlÍ-jm n_p_ DNM
afma_p m glbgtâbsm qc sk afmosc à glbga_bm. Tk afmosc bcqnmj_pgx_ rmb_q _q
aàjsj_q bm kêqasjm a_pbâ_am _m kcqkm rcknm, rclr_p mpe_lgx_p qs_ _rgtgb_bc
cjàrpga_. Ek msrp_q n_j_tp_q, m afmosc qc bcqrgl_ _ pcnmp _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_
_lmpk_j bm amp_ m ck sk pgrkm lmpk_j.
Fgesp_ 11
Nlkqlp, eYsb >CB
>ppbdroYo l lufdÚkfl kÍl bpqÉ cirfkal YqoYsÕp al mY fbkqb ab

mbfql nrYkal bkqobdYo elnrb
LÍl mYob ab ljmobppãbp qloÉ f Yp mlo jYfp ab

0/ pbdrkalp nrYkal pb YsYifY l ofqjl
KYkqbkeY,pb YcYpqYal aY mY fbkqb nrYkal Y bkqobdY ab elnrb
>sYifYo mripl Ymáp lp mofjbfolp alfp jfkrqlp ab PAN
Qb l AM1 qfaYi cfkYi Õ fkcboflo Y 0/ jjFd aroYkqb Y PAN+ lkpfabob

Y YafÓÍl ab rj sYplmobpplo b jbieloYo ljmobppãbp qloÉ f Yp
Fgesp_ 12
> > Rcesglrc: Cpgràpgmq n_p_ _njga_p AED

NPGLA NGMQ B> C>PJW
BCQDG?PGJ> zM
CQISÂQINR OAQA AO ICAQ AED
Umaá bctc sq_p sk DEA qc:
N glbgtâbsm l m pcqnmlbc _mq epgr_lbm ms q_asbglbm mq mk pmq.
N glbgtâbsm l m à pcqngp_ m ms _ pcqngp_p bc dmpk_ glcdga_x.
A nsjq_ m b_ _pràpg_ a_pãrgb_ l m nmbc qcp bcrcar_bm.
BARIC AED NOEQAÁºN
O_p_ sq_p sk AED, d_ _ m qcesglrc:
1. gesc m AED.
2. Eqamjf_ _bsjrm ms _jkmd_b_q ncbgÍrpgamq.
3. Opclb_ _q _jkmd_b_q bc ncgrm ls (l m k_gq k_laf_q kcbga_ m) c d_xcp qc mq a_ mq cqr m

amlcar_bm. (Rcosc m ncgrm, qc lcacqqÍpgm.)
4. Cmjmosc sk_ _jkmd_b_ lm j_bm qsncpgmp bgpcgrm c msrpm lm ncgrm _jesk_q nmjce_b_q _ _gvm b_
p_ m cqoscpbm.
5. gkn_p _ Ípc_ n_p_ ncpkgrgp AED n_p_ jcp pgrkm, m osc nmbc bckmp_p _rà 15 qceslbmq.
6. Rc l m fmstcp lclfsk pgrkm ck 15 qceslbmq, pcglgagc COQ.
7. Rc _ AED glbga_ sk afmosc à lcacqqÍpgm, jgkn_p m glbgtâbsm, acprgdga_lbm-qc bc osc lglesàk cqrch_
rma_lbm cjcq c osc m mvgeálgm dmg pckmtgbm. G_p_lrgp tgqs_jkclrc osc m glbgtâbsm à aj_p_ c epgr_p üC EAQ!
8. Opcqqgmlc m mr m üRfmai .
9. pcrmk_p gkcbg_r_kclrc QCO amkc _lbm amk amknpcqqécq.
10. Dcnmgq bc bmgq kglsrmq bc QCO, _l_jgq_p m pgrkm amk _ AED.
11. Cmlrglsc _ qcesgp _q glqrps écq AED.
Smkc lmr_
Rc _ AED l m cqrÍ dslagml_lbm amppcr_kclrc, amlrglsc COQ. M m ncpa_ rcknm cvacqqgtm qmjs m bc
npm jck_q b_ AED. COQ qcknpc tck ck npgkcgpm jse_p, c DAE q m qsnjckclr_pcq.
M m sqc _ AED ck Íes_.
AED l m cqrÍ amlrp_-glbga_b_ ck glbgtâbsmq amk gknj_lr_bm bcqdg pgj_bmp / k_pa_n_qqm; lm

clr_lrm, l m amjmosc n_b bgpcr_kclrc qm pc m bgqnmqgrgtm.
> > Opãvgk_: Rgqrck_q bc Csgb_bmq

QfpqbjYp ab
rfaYalp
Aq bgpcrpgxcq b_ AHA bcqapctcp qgqrck_q bc asgb_bmq amkm sk_ n_prc mY fbkqb fkpqÉsbi
qcn_p_b_ c gknmpr_lrc bm rpcgl_kclrm npmtcbmp bc AC R. Eqrcq qgqrck_q bc
asgb_bmq bcqapctcp _ mpe_lgx_ m bc npmdgqqgml_gq lcacqqÍpgmq n_p_
_ja_l _p m kcjfmp pcqsjr_bm nmqqâtcj n_p_ _q agpaslqrÓlag_q bc sk
bcrcpkgl_bm glbgtâbsm. Ejcq glajsck sk_ tgq m ecp_j b_q k_lcgp_q
glrcptcl écq osc q_jt_k tgb_q bctck qcp mpe_lgx_bmq n_p_ e_p_lrgp osc
cjcq q m clrpcescq bc dmpk_ cdgagclrc c cdga_x. Hmqngr_gq, dslagmlÍpgmq ELR Cnrfmb ab
c amkslgb_bcq osc qcesck Rgqrck_q _ p_leclrc bc asgb_bmq bckmlqrp_k PbpmlpqY
kcjfmpcq pcqsjr_bmq n_p_ qcsq n_agclrcq bm osc _oscjcq osc l m m d_xck. PÉmfaY 'PPR(
DNM Cnrfmb
áafdl
ArfaYalp fkqbkpfslp
Cnrfmb
Fgesp_ 13
Smkc lmr_
Gcqr m bc ckcpeálag_q amk pgqam bc tgb_ pcoscp _ glrcep_ m bc sk_ cosgnc ksjrgbgqagnjgl_p osc nmbc
cltmjtcp cosgncq bc pcqnmqr_ pÍngb_ (QQSR), cosgncq bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ c cqncag_jgqr_q ck asgb_bmq
glrclqgtmq n_p_ _skclr_p _q r_v_q bc qm pctgtálag_.
2015 bgpcrpgxcq _rs_jgx_ m pcdjcrc ncqosgq_ osc kmqrp_ osc QQSq kcjfmp_p mq
pcqsjr_bmq.
>> Rcesglrc: pcqqsqagr_ m a_pbgmnsjkml_p

QfpqbjYp ab
rfaYalp
PCQQSQAGR> zM A>PBGMNSJKML>P
Rsacqqm pcqqsqagr_ m a_pbgmnsjkml_p (COQ) pcoscp m sqm bcjc amkm n_prc bc sk qgqrck_ bc asgb_bmq bc af_k_b_ b_ C_bcg_ bc Rm pctgtálag_ ( >
DfdroY 03( - Cmkm _amlrcac amk os_joscp a_bcg_, à r m dmprc os_lrm qcs cjm k_gq dp_am. Aqqgk, rmbmq bctck qc cqdmp _p n_p_ qc acprgdga_p bc a_b_
jge_ m à dmprc. Omp cvcknjm, mq jâbcpcq b_ amkslgb_bc nmbck rp_ _jf_p n_p_ _skclr_p _ amlqagclrgx_ m qm pc mq qgl_gq c qglrmk_q bc n_p_b_
a_pbâ_a_ c d_xcp DAE bgqnmlâtcj ck jma_gq nê jgamq. cosgncq bc ELR bctc dga_p _ n_p b_q _rs_jgx_ écq c glmt_ écq ck pc_lgk_ m c _npgkmp_p _q
f_ gjgb_bcq lcacqqÍpg_q n_p_ clrpce_p COQ dmpk_ pÍngb_ c cdga_x. Hmqngr_gq bctck cqr_p npmlr_q n_p_ pcac cp n_agclrcq ck n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ c
dmplcacp cvacjclrc _rclbgkclrm. aclrpmq bc asgb_bmq c pcncpdsq m apârga_q bctcpÍ qcp amknmqrm nmp cqncag_jgqr_q c cosgn_bm amk _ rcalmjmeg_ k_gq
pcaclrc.
IMÇCIN DN CADEIA DE RNBQEUIUÃMCIA
N glâagm npcamac b_ B R dmg kmqrp_bm n_p_ _skclr_p _ npm _ gjgb_bc bc qm pctgtálag_ bc sk_ ncqqm_ jgb_p amk n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_. O_p_ _skclr_p
_q af_lacq bc qm pctgtcp _ sk ctclrm a_pbâ_am, m qmamppgqr_ bctc qcesgp _q cr_n_q b_ a_bcg_ Absjrm bc Rm pctgtálag_ ( > DfdroY 03( -
AYabfY >ariql ab QlZobsfsÚk fY
Pb lkeb bo lp abpcfZofiYo >BT>LACB NÁQ,A>PB >A>

PbYifwYo Y PAN
pfkqljYp b YqfsYo AMK >CB QSNMPRC ASGB>BMQ
C>PJW
CKQ > TGB> NPGQzM
Fgesp_ 14
> > Mcvr: Csgb_bmq Dcrcl m Omqr-C_pbâ_am

ASGB>BMQ NPGQzM BC NÁQ,A>PB >A>
asgb_bmq glrcep_bmq npgq m nãq-a_pbâ_a_ à m êjrgkm cjm b_ a_bcg_ Absjrm bc qm pctgtálag_. A os_jgb_bc bcqrc _rclbgkclrm à dslb_kclr_j n_p_
npmnmpagml_p glbgtâbsmq pc_lgk_bmq amk mq kcjfmpcq pcqsjr_bmq nmqqâtcgq. Ps_lbm _q glrcptcl écq q m dmplcagbmq _ _gvm, fÍ sk _skclrm b_
npm _ gjgb_bc bc qm pctgtálag_.
Smkc lmr_
Aq bgpcrpgxcq _rs_jgx_ m 2015 pcamkclb_ sk bc pgcdgle dma_bm b_q cosgncq bc pcqe_rc /
npcqr_bmpcq amk _ dgl_jgb_bc bc kcjfmpg_ bm bcqcknclfm.
fgnmrcpkg_ rcp_násrga_
Qcamkclb_bm n_p_ ncqqm_q ck amk_, amk pcrmplm b_ agpasj_ m cqnmlrÓlc_ _nãq sk ctclrm bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_.
Nq glbgtâbsmq bctck qcp _ppcdcagb_ n_p_ 89,6 _ 93,2 ep_sq F (32 _ 36 ep_sq C) bsp_lrc ncjm kclmq 24 fmp_q.
NSILIXAÁºN bc fckmbglÓkga_ c Uclrgj_ m
100% bc mvgeàlgm à _acgrÍtcj n_p_ _ glrcptcl m npcamac k_q l m n_p_ ncpâmbmq bc rcknm npmjmle_bmq.
Nvgeàlgm bctc qcp rgrsj_b_, bc kmbm osc _ mvgkcrpg_ bc nsjqm bm glbgtâbsm à qsncpgmp _ 94% n_p_ ctgr_p _ rmvgagb_bc bc mvgeàlgm.
M m k_gq bc tclrgj_p n_p_ ctgr_p nmrclag_gq cdcgrmq fckmbglÓkgamq _btcpqmq.
Aq r_v_q bc tclrgj_ m bc 10 _ 12 pcqngp_ écq nmp kglsrm n_p_ _rglegp ESCN2 ck 35 _ 40 kkHe.
IU djsgbmq c kcbga_kclrmq t_qm_argtmq bctc qcp rgrsj_b_ n_p_ _ cqr_ gjgb_bc fckmbglÓkga_.
IMSEQUEMÁºN CNQNM QIA OEQCTS MEA
glrcptcl m ampmlÍpg_ ncpasrÓlc_ (OCI) à npcdcpgbm ck pcj_ m rpmk mjârgamq.
Ilbgtâbsm bctc qcp rmk_bm nmp ELR bgpcr_kclrc n_p_ sk fmqngr_j osc pc_jgx_ OCI.
Rc m glbgtâbsm à clrpcesc _ sk aclrpm osc mdcpcac _ncl_q rpmk mjârgamq, cjcq bctck qcp rp_lqdcpgbmq n_p_ sk aclrpm osc mdcpcac OCI qc
m rcknm ncpkgrgp.
_qqgqrálag_ lcspmjãega_
_t_jg_ m lcspmjãega_ à dslb_kclr_j, cqncag_jkclrc os_lbm b_ pcrgp_b_ bc asgb_bmq (ms qch_, _ kmprc acpc p_j) n_p_ bgkglsgp r_v_q bc d_jqmq
nmqgrgtmq. amlqsjr_ bc cqncag_jgb_bc bctc qcp m rgbm n_p_ kmlgrmp_p qgl_gq c qglrmk_q lcspmjãegamq bsp_lrc rmbm m ncpâmbm nãq-pcqqsqagr_ m.
> > Rcesglrc: Râlbpmkc Cmpml_pg_l_ Aesb_

QfpqbjYp ab
rfaYalp
Qàkaoljb lolkYofYkY YdraY

O_p_ mq glbgtâbsmq amk qâlbpmkc ampml_pg_l_ _esb_ (RCA), mk _rclbgkclrm amkc _ bsp_lrc _ af_k_b_ n_p_ ELR. Rmamppgqr_q bctck
cqr_p amlqagclrcq c npmasp_p qgl_gq bc ACR. bg_elãqrgam c rp_r_kclrm pÍngbm bcs _ kcjfmp af_lac bc npcqcpt_p m rcagbm q_sbÍtcj bm amp_ m.
Â ksgrm gknmpr_lrc osc mq npcqr_bmpcq bc asgb_bmq bc q_êbc pcamlfcacp glbgtâbsmq amk nmrclag_j bc ACR, _ dgk bc glgag_p _ _t_jg_ m,
rpg_eck _npmnpg_b_, c ecqr m mnmprsl_.
QRCKGAeYfk lc QrosfsYi
Pb lkeb bo lp CKQ , ECQRzM PbmbocrpÍl lj

ASGB>BMQ AMK ?>QC OrYifaYab máp,KG
pfkqljYp b YqfsYo moÕ,elpmfqYiYo NAG lr
BC NPMT>Q ASGB>BMQ
CKQ cfZofkliàqf lp
Fgesp_ 15
NBJESIUNR DA ACR SQASALEMSN
amkslga_ m ELR acbm ncpkgrc _ npcn_p_ m bc

ncqqm_j bm bcn_pr_kclrm bc ckcpeálag_ c
PCBSXGP kb olpb
j_ mp_rãpgm bc a_rcrcpgqkm a_pbâ_am c dslagmlÍpgmq.
jfl Éoaf Y N>P>
Tk_ tcx osc m n_agclrc ACR afce_ Ê glqr_j_ m bc NPCQCPT>P
pcacn m, npmrmamjmq cqr_ cjcagbmq bctc bgpgegp AMP> zM
asgb_bm. Ps_lrm k_gq asprm m rcknm _rà Ê pcncpdsq m DSL zM
à, os_lrm k_gmp _ os_lrgb_bc bc rcagbm bm amp_ m
osc nmbc qcp q_jt_, c m k_gq ãnrgk_ m pcqsjr_bm
ejm _j. Etclrmq a_pbâ_amq _btcpqmq (LACE) glajsg _
kmprc c m cld_prc bm kgmaÍpbgm l m d_r_j.
amknjga_ écq d_r_gq bc ACR glajsck dg pgj_ m AMKNJGA> CQ Nobsbkfo lp bsbkqlp
tclrpgasj_p, r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p qck nsjqm, >AQ qoYqYo 'TD+ TR+ YoaàY lp Yasboplp
p_bg_ppgrkg_q, afmosc a_pbgmeálgam, AFMOSC( 'K>AC(
Fgesp_ 16
c cbck_ nsjkml_p. ELR bctc rcp _ a_n_agb_bc bc pc_jgx_p ECGq l_ acl_ c lm a_kglfm n_p_ m fmqngr_j. N fmqngr_j
pcacn m bctck cqr_p agclrcq bc ACR nmqqâtcj, cqncag_jkclrc cjct_ m RS cld_prc bm kgmaÍpbgm cjct_ m (IAL) c
cld_prc bm kgmaÍpbgm l m-RS-cjct_ m (IALRRRS).
> > Ek qcesgb_: Smosc Aesbm

>TA Ydral
Nq pcqsjr_bmq n_p_ mq glbgtâbsmq amk _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j rák kcjfmp_bm qgelgdga_rgt_kclrc bctgbm Ê gknjckclr_ m bm Rgqrck_ bc AUC _esbm b_
C_pc. A amkslgb_bc cqrÍ kcjfmp cosgn_bm n_p_ pcamlfcacp _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j amkm sk ü_r_osc acpc p_j , c fÍ sk_ k_gmp amlqagálag_ b_
gknmprÓlag_ bc asgb_bmq kàbgamq bclrpm bc sk_ fmp_ bc glâagm bmq qglrmk_q. D_ kcqk_ dmpk_, mq qgqrck_q ELR dmp_k kcjfmp_b_q n_p_ m rp_lqnmprc bc
ncqqm_q n_p_ aclrpmq bc asgb_bmq bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j pcegml_gq cosgn_b_q n_p_ _bkglgqrp_p dg pglmjârgamq.
AYabfY ab Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi ab QlZobsfsÚk fY
RP>LQNMPRC
Pb lkeb bo lp ASPQM BC OS>JGB>BC
PCQNMQR> CKQ RM b
pfkqljYp b YqfsYo MPGCLR> zM ?>QC>BM máp,>TA
MNMPRSLM klqfcf Yo
CKQ ASGB>BM ASGB>BM
ASPQM
Fgesp_ 17
NBJESIUNR DA gqosákga_q _esb_q CTQRN CTIDADNR
N m hcrgtm ecp_j bm AUC asgb_bmq à kglgkgx_p _ jcq m acpc p_j c mrgkgx_p _ pcasncp_ m bm glbgtâbsm. rp_lqnmprc npcdcpclag_j n_p_ aclrpmq bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p
acpc p_j amk a_n_agb_bc bckmlqrpms kcjfmp_p mq pcqsjr_bmq. aclrpmq bc AUC q m cosgn_bmq amk pcaspqmq ksgr_q tcxcq l m bgqnmlâtcgq ck ncosclmq
fmqngr_gq amkslgrÍpgmq. A npcqcl _ bc cqncag_jgqr_q, glajsglbm lcspmjmegqr_q c cqncag_jgqr_q ck asgb_bmq bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, cosgncq
ksjrgbgqagnjgl_pcq amk cvncpgálag_ ck asgb_bmq bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, kmb_jgb_bcq bc gk_eck _t_l _b_q, c msrp_q mn écq rcp_násrga_q rmpl_p m
rp_lqnmprc n_p_ mq aclrpmq bc rcknmq _ mn m k_gq _bcos_b_. N m hcrgtm b_ cosgnc bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, kàbgam bc ckcpeálag_, ms msrpmq
cqncag_jgqr_q bctc qcp _t_jg_p m glbgtâbsm amk qsqncgr_ bc AUC bclrpm bc bcx kglsrmq.
Smkc lmr_
A 8 D'q bc rp_r_kclrm bm AUC (S_ cj_ 2) bcqr_a_p _q npglagn_gq cr_n_q bc bg_elãqrgam c rp_r_kclrm bc _agbclrc
t_qasj_p acpc p_j c nmlrmq-af_tc ck osc mq _rp_qmq nmbck mamppcp.
> 7 B&p ab qoYqYjbkql al >TA
BCRCA zM pcamlfcagkclrm pÍngbm bc qgqrck_q bc AUC
BCQN>AFM _argt_ m npcamac c cvncbg m bc ELR nmp 911
CLRPCE> ELR pÍngb_ gbclrgdga_ m, ecqr m c rp_lqnmprc
NMPR> Sp_lqnmprc n_p_ m aclrpm _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j
B>BMQ rpg_eck pÍngb_, _t_jg_ m c ecqr m bc ED
BCAGQzM ncpâag_ _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j c qcjca m rcp_ng_
BPME> A rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_, cqrp_ràeg_q glrp_-_prcpg_gq
kcq_ 2 BGQNMQG zM _bkgqq m pÍngb_ n_p_ _ slgb_bc bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j ms slgb_bc bc asgb_bmq glrclqgtmq
> > Rcesglrc: A cosgnc bc pcqqsqagr_ m

QfpqbjYp ab
rfaYalp
> bnrfmb ab obpprp fqYÓÍl

Aq bgpcrpgxcq b_ AHA n_p_ AC R bcqr_a_p _ gknmprÓlag_ b_ bglÓkga_ b_ cosgnc cdga_xcq bsp_lrc _ pcqqsqagr_ m. M_ amkslgb_bc (dmp_ bc
sk_ slgb_bc bc q_êbc), m npgkcgpm qmamppgqr_ l_ acl_ nmbc cqr_p cvcasr_lbm COQ qmxglfm. Mm clr_lrm, sk aãbgem _xsj ck sk fmqngr_j nmbc
rp_xcp bcxcl_q bc pcqnmlbcbmpcq / npcqr_bmpcq bc os_prm bc sk n_agclrc. Â gknmpr_lrc mpe_lgx_p bc dmpk_ pÍngb_ c cdgagclrc mq kck pmq b_
cosgnc _ n_prgagn_p cdcrgt_kclrc b_q AC R. A AHA qsecpc sk_ cqrpsrsp_ cosgn_ amk a_b_ dmplcacbmp _qqskglbm sk n_ncj cqncaâdgam
bsp_lrc _ pcqqsqagr_ m; cqrc amlqgqrc bc sk jâbcp bc cosgnc c tÍpgmq kck pmq b_ cosgnc tcp ( RYZbiY 2( -
JGBCP BM RGKC KCK?PM B> COSGN>
õ ModYkfwYo l dorml õ Aljmobbkabo l pbr mYmbi
õ jlkfqlo ab abpbjmbkel õ CpqbgY afpmlpql+ YmYw b nrYifcf Yal mYoY

abpbjmbkeYo l mYmbi
õ Qbo YmYw ab obYifwYo qlaYp Yp eYZfifaYabp
õ Aljmobbkabo Yp pbnéÚk fYp N>JQ

õ jbjZolp aY bnrfmb afobqlp
õ CpqYo ljmoljbqfalp lj l pr bppl aY
õ Dlokb bo oàqf Y al abpbjmbkel al dorml Ymáp l
bnrfmb
bpcloÓl ab obYkfjYÓÍl
S_ cj_ 3
Smkc lmr_
gkn_p _ amkslga_ m clrpc mq jâbcpcq bc cosgnc c kck pmq
b_ cosgnc à cqqclag_j.
Â gknmpr_lrc q_ cp qs_q npãnpg_q jgkgr_ écq ajâlga_q. Qcqqsqagr_ m à m kmkclrm n_p_ _ gknjckclr_ m bc amkncrálag_q _bosgpgb_q, l m
rclr_lbm lmtmq. Rã _qqskgp r_pcd_q osc nmbck qcp cvcasr_b_q amk qsacqqm. Cj_p_kclrc os_lbm tmaá npcagq_p bc _hsb_ c ncbgp _hsb_ lm
glâagm bm rp_r_kclrm bm glbgtâbsm. bck_lb_q bc pc_lgk_ m pcqncgrm kêrsm, n_prgjf_ bc amlfcagkclrmq, apârga_q amlqrpsrgt_q, c
_amkn_lf_kclrm bc bgqasqq m (bc pgcdgle) _nãq m ctclrm.
COSGNC iàabo aÉ Y abpfdkYÓÍl

iYoY N>P> KCK?PM B> J BCP B> COSGNC CQASR> BC
COSGN> AMLDGPK> zM
KCK?PM B> COSGN> KCK?PM B> COSGN> ab

obpmlkab lj TMX obiYqáoflp nrYkal R>QI
Fgesp_ 18
C l lkqYql ab liel ljmibqY b obmloqY l
obpriqYal
> > Rcesglrc: Ebsa_ m, gknjckclr_ m, Sc_kq

CBSA> zM+ fjmibjbkqYÓÍl+ Yp bnrfmbp
Ancl_q acpa_ bc 20% bmq glbgtâbsmq osc rák sk_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ bclrpm bc sk fmqngr_j t_g qm pctgtcp. Eqr_ cqr_râqrga_ jctms _m bcqcltmjtgkclrm bc
sk Rgqrck_ bc O_p_b_ C_pbâ_a_ b_ C_pc. Ps_rpm ck a_b_ aglam glbgtâbsmq amk n_p_b_ a_pbgmppcqngp_rãpg_ rák _jrcp_ écq lmq qgl_gq tgr_gq _lrcq b_
npgq m. Ompr_lrm, _ k_gmpg_ bmq glbgtâbsmq osc ctclrs_jkclrc rák sk_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ kmqrpms qgl_gq bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ gkglclrc. A r_v_ bc
qm pctgtálag_ nmbc qcp kcjfmp_b_ qc mq glbgtâbsmq q m gbclrgdga_bmq c rp_r_bmq amk npmrmamjmq RAUC k_gq acbm. Npgegl_jkclrc, epsnmq cqncag_jgx_bmq
bc pcqnmlbcbmpcq bclrpm bc sk fmqngr_j, af_k_bm bc cosgncq n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_, _qqgqrgs _ sk n_agclrc amk n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ pcamlfcagbm. Eqq_q
cosgncq pcqnmlbcp_k _ sk aãbgem _xsj bcnmgq osc _jesàk npcqskgtcjkclrc pcamlfcacs sk_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ _rgt_ c npmaspms _hsb_. Lsgr_q cosgncq
n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ _apcbgr_t_k osc gpg_k kcjfmp_p _q r_v_q bc qm pctgtálag_, k_q mq pcqsjr_bmq dmp_k bcacnagml_lrcq. Eqrsbmq kmqrp_k osc _q r_v_q
bc qm pctgtálag_ dmp_k mq kcqkmq ck fmqngr_gq amk cosgncq bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ amkm l_oscjcq qck sk_ cosgnc. Cmkm pcqsjr_bm, mq fmqngr_gq cqr m
qs qrgrsglbm Sc_kq n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ amk Q_ngb Qcqnmlqc Sc_kq (QQSR) ms cosgn_q kàbga_q bc ckcpeálag_ (LESq).
Am gltàq bc cqncp_p ncj_ ncpb_ bc amlqagálag_ c n_p_b_ a_pbgmppcqngp_rãpg_ amknjcrm, QQSR / LESq _amkn_lf_p bc ncprm mq n_agclrcq, _
dgk bc rp_rÍ-jmq _lrcq osc mampp_ _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_. Eqq_q cosgncq amk gl_p mq cqdmp mq bc cldcpkcgpmq, kàbgamq c kck pmq b_ d_kâjg_
n_p_ bcrcar_p sk_ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ gkglclrc.
APGR PGMQ BC >JCPR> PPR . KCR
>fotYv YjbYÓYalp lr obpmfoYÓÍl

CQR>BM KCLR>J >JRCP>BM
lcbdYkqb
?oYaf YoafY ';3/ ?NK( lr qYnrf YoafY '<

>NPCCLQzM
0// ?NK(
FfmlqbkpÍl lr efmboqbkpÍl BfjfkrfÓÍl pçZfqY b ab doYkab

QGLRMKyRGA>Q molarÓÍl ab rofkY
Fgesp_ 19
Smkc lmr_
Ps_lbm fmqngr_gq gknjckclr_p QQSR / LESq, fÍ kclmq n_p_b_q a_pbâ_a_q, kclmq rp_lqdcpálag_q bc
TSI, kcjfmp_ b_ qm pctgb_ c kclmp rcknm bc ncpk_lálag_ fmqngr_j_p.
> > Rcesglrc: Asrm-_t_jg_ m bc qgqrck_q bc asgb_bmq

>SRM,>T>JG> zM BC QGQRCK>Q
BC ASGB>BMQ
1. N osc à _ k_gq jmle_ bc sk qmamppgqr_ bctc n_sq_p n_p_ tcpgdga_p qc fÍ sk nsjqm?
sk_. 20 qceslbmq
. 10 qceslbmq
a. 5 qceslbmq
b. Lclmq bc 2 qceslbmq
2. Rcjcagmlc m ckn_pcjf_kclrm _bcos_b_ qm pc COQ:
sk_. amknpcqqécq bc 60 _ 80 / kglsrm; 2 nmjce_b_q bc npmdslbgb_bc
. Ocgrm amknpcqqécq bc 80 / kglsrm; 1,5 nmjce_b_q bc npmdslbgb_bc
a. Cfcqr 100 amknpcqqécq / kglsrm; 3 nmjce_b_q bc npmdslbgb_bc
b. amknpcqq m rmpÍaga_ 100 rm120 nmp kglsrm; 2 _ 2,4 nmjce_b_q bc npmdslbgb_bc
3. Ps_j à m n_ncj bm qceslbm qmamppgqr_ bsp_lrc sk aclÍpgm bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_?
sk_. Ocbgp _hsb_.

. Qcasncp_p AED.
a. Evcasrc tclrgj_ écq.
b. Ssbm _agk_
PCQNMQR>Q
1. B
afcoscq bc nsjqm cqr m jgkgr_bmq _ l m k_gq bc 10 qceslbmq. Rc tmaá l m rck acprcx_ qc sk nsjqm cqrgtcp npcqclrc, glgagc _ QCO.
2. D
Cmknpgkgp m ncgrm _bsjrm bs_q nmjce_b_q _ sk_ r_v_ bc ncjm kclmq 100 nmp kglsrm.
3. D
Sgp_p t_lr_eck bc os_joscp cqncar_bmp c _jgqr_p qs_ _hsb_ amk _qc ck qcs lâtcj bc f_ gjgb_bc.
> > C_qmq AC R: Mcvr

A>QMQ
>AJQ
N>P>B> PCQNGP>RÁPG>
Ilbgtâbsmq amk n_bpécq pcqngp_rãpgmq glcdga_xcq q m amlqgbcp_bmq ck n_p_b_ pcqngp_rãpg_ c cvgeck _rcl m gkcbg_r_. Evgqrck
ksgr_q a_sq_q bc n_p_b_ pcqngp_rãpg_, glajsglbm k_q l m jgkgr_bm _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ c afmosc a_pbgmeálgam. Qcqqsqagr_p
glbgtâbsmq ck n_p_eck pcqngp_rãpg_ _n_pclrc sq_lbm m B R ms _ Ocqosgq_ bc AC R.
Smkc lmr_
n_p_eck pcqngp_rãpg_ à sk_ amlbg m ckcpeclrc ck osc m glbgtâbsm à, ms l m cqrÍ _
pcqngp_p ms pcqngp_ m glcdgagclrc.
> > Rcesglrc: ct_lr_kclrm B R

A>QMQ
>AJQ
JbsYkqYjbkql ?JQ
0 TCPGDGA> zM BC PCQNMQR> 1 AF>K>B> CKQ % ECR >CB
õ Robjbo b dofqYo9 óTl Ú bpqÉ Zbj ô õ AeYjYaY mYoY pbosfÓlp jÕaf lp ab bjbodÚk fY 'CKQ(
õ Tbofcfnrb pb eÉ obpmfoYÓÍl mYoY kÍl jYfp ab 0/ õ MZqbo rj abpcfZofieYalo YrqljÉqf l

pbdrkalp buqbokl '>CB(
õ Qb kÍl bpqfsbo obpmfoYkal lr fkprcf fbkqbjbkqb obpmfoYkal+ lkqfkrb Y õ Qb sl Ú Õ l molsbalo pá+ YqfsYo CKQ b lZqbo >CB
mbpnrfpY
2 TCPGDGA> zM BC PCQNMQR> 3 BCQDG?PGJ> zM

õ >sYifYo mripl aroYkqb 4 Y 0/ pbdrkalp 'Tbo õ Qb kbkerj mripl+ sbofcfnrb pb eÉ ofqjl mYppàsbi ab elnrb lj
qYZbiY YZYful( >CB
õ Qb ofqjl ab elnrb+ pqYka elnrbp nrYkal

bkqobdYo iYoYp
õ Dlokb bo ANP bkqob elnrbp+ ljbÓYkal lj ljmobppãbp

qloÉ f Yp
NSJQM NSJQC
PCQNGP> zM GL AGM ANP LM
Pbp rb obpmfoYÓÍl fkf fYo l Pbp rb PCQNGP> zM fkf fYo l Pbp rb
0/ Y 01
aY ljmobppÍl mbil jbklp 1
PbpmfoYÓãbp mlo KGL fkf fYo l
obpmfoYÓÍl Y YaY 4 Y 5 pbdrkalp lr

mlo 1 obpmfoYÓãbp NPMDSLBGB>BC
Tbofcf Yo l mripl YaY 1 jfk rjY Nbil jbklp 0// AMKNPCQQ CQ

Fgesp_ 20
Nlo jfk 2/ ljmobppãbp
> > Rcesglrc: ct_lr_kclrm AC R

JbsYkqYjbkql >AJQ
õ KYkqbo YZboqYp Yp sfYp kl mY fbkqb fk lkp fbkqb
>?ABõ Alkpfabob sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY
õ KlkfqloYo sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY pb lil Yal lj

YmkldoYcfY lkaY nrYkqfqYqfsY
õ BÚ lufdÚkfl Y 0//"
õ >sYifYo Y sbkqfiYÓÍl bcf Yw lj clojY ab lkaY

ab YmkldoYcfY nrYkqfqYqfsY
õ LÍl jYfp ab sbkqfiYo
õ >sYifYo l ofqjl b mripl
õ BbpcfZofiYÓÍl . YoaflsbopÍl
õ MZqbo Y bppl GT . GM
õ BÚ jbaf Yjbkqlp bpmb àcf lp ab ofqjl
õ BÚ cirfalp GT . GM+ pb kb bppÉofl
õ Gabkqfcf Yo b qoYqYo YrpYp obsbopàsbfp
õ ofqjl YoaàY l b efpqáof l al mY fbkqb pÍl Yp eYsbp

mYoY l afYdkápqf l afcbobk fYi
õ >sYifYo nrYkal el Yo lkqoY jbaf Yo

Fgesp_ 21
RGNMQ BC TCLRGJ> zM
>BT>LACB ?>QGA
RS?C al bpâcYdl,qoYnrbYi ?l Y,Y,Zl Y . L>PGX
CRR TbkqfiYÓÍl lj ZlipY,K>QI
qrZl iYoàkdbl lj MN>
JK> LN>
r_ cj_ 4
> > Opãvgkm: Sgnmq bc Uclrgj_ m

A>QMQ
>AJQ
M_ S_ cj_ 4, _q tg_q _àpc_q jgqr_bmq l_ amjsl_ b_ cqoscpb_ q m amlqgbcp_b_q tg_q

_àpc_q _t_l _b_q, clos_lrm _oscjcq l_ amjsl_ b_ bgpcgr_ q m Íqgamq tg_q _àpc_q.
Ek mp_ NOAq c MOAq q m amlqgbcp_b_q tg_q _àpc_q Íqga_q, cjcq cvgeck _
amjma_ m _bcos_b_ nmp sk dmplcacbmp cvncpgclrc. glqcp m tg_ _àpc_ _t_l _b_
pcoscp rpcgl_kclrm cqncag_jgx_bm n_p_ _jàk bm Ók grm b_ acprgdga_ m AC R. Ek mp_
_ amjma_ m bc tg_q _àpc_q _t_l _b_q pcoscp dmpk_ m cqncag_jgx_b_, rmbmq mq
npmtcbmpcq bc AC R bctc q_ cp m sqm _bcos_bm b_q tg_q _àpc_q _t_l _b_q, sk_
tcx osc q m amjma_bmq. Ilbcnclbclrckclrc bm rgnm bc tg_ _àpc_, ecqr m b_q tg_q
pcqngp_rãpg_q _bcos_b_ à sk_ n_prc gknmpr_lrc bm AC R. COQ à pc_jgx_b_ amk m
glbgtâbsm bcgr_bm qm pc qs_q amqr_q; ep_tgb_bc d_pÍ amk osc _ k_lbâ sj_, _ jâles_, c
mq rcagbmq b_ e_pe_lr_ n_p_ tmjr_p _ a_gp c m qrpsgp _q tg_q _àpc_q. Aq tg_q _àpc_q
p_p_kclrc ncpk_lcac _ cpr_ ck sk glbgtâbsm glamlqagclrc qck _nmgm cvrcplm.
Fgesp_ 22
N npgkcgpm n_qqm n_p_ os_joscp glrcptcl m b_q tg_q _àpc_q à _ pgp _q tg_q
_àpc_q. Iqrm à amlqcesgbm jct_lr_lbm m oscgvm n_p_ agk_, clos_lrm _ glajgl_ m
n_p_ rpÍq b_ rcqr_ ( > DfdroY 11( N m hcrgtm à apg_p sk a_kglfm pcrm _ n_prgp bm l_pgx
_rà _ rp_osàg_. Ek glbgtâbsmq amk jcq m lm ncqam m qsqncgr_, _ amjsl_ acptga_j
bctc qcp npmrcegbm c sk_ k_lbâ sj_ cknspp_bm qmxglfm à sq_bm n_p_ _ pgp _q
tg_q _àpc_q ( > DfdroY 12( - Ek mp_ _ npÍrga_ n_bp m ck sk_ jcq m lm ncqam m
qsqncgr_ à amjma_p sk amj_p acptga_j, gqqm l m bctc qcp dcgrm ck RBU ms RAUC.
amj_pcq acptga_gq nmbc amknpgkgp _q tg_q _àpc_q c glrcpdcpgp amk mq cqdmp mq bc
pcqqsqagr_ m. N dmplcacbmp bctc e_p_lrgp sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _ cpr_
glbcnclbclrckclrc b_ tg_ _àpc_ Íqga_ srgjgx_b_. N dmplcacbmp à m pge_bm _
cqr_ gjgx_p _ a_ c _ ms ncbgp _hsb_, k_lrclbm m amlrpmjc b_q tg_q _àpc_q.
Fgesp_ 23
Smkc lmr_
M m k_gq bc tclrgj_p (ms qch_, b_p ksgr_q pcqngp_ écq nmp kglsrm ms bck_qg_bm ep_lbc tmjskc nmp
pcqngp_ m). Ak mq nmbck _skclr_p _ npcqq m glrp_rmpÍaga_, bgkglsgp m pcrmplm tclmqm n_p_ m
amp_ m, bgkglsg m bà grm a_pbâ_am, _qqgk amkm glbgtâbsmq npcbgqnéck _ tçkgrmq c _qngp_ m bm
amlrcêbm e_qrpmglrcqrgl_j.
>> Rcesglrc: Fg pgj_ m Uclrpgasj_p c qck nsjqm S_osga_pbg_ Uclrpgasj_p

DfZofiYÓÍl sbkqof riYo b qYnrf YoafY sbkqof riYo pbj mripl
dg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p (FU) c r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p qck nsjqm (US) q m pgrkmq a_pbâ_amq nmrclag_jkclrc d_r_gq osc pcqsjr_k ck amlrp_ écq
tclrpgasj_pcq glcdga_xcq. UF ( > DfdroY 13( à sk pÍngbm rpckmp b_q n_pcbcq tclrpgasj_pcq osc mq gkncbc bc mk c_kclrm. N kmtgkclrm
tclrpgasj_p bc UF l m cqrÍ qglapmlgx_bm amk amlrp_ écq _rpg_gq. US ( > DfdroY 14( à sk_ amlbg m l_ os_j mq tclrpâasjmq qc amlrp_ck k_gq bm
osc 100 tcxcq nmp kglsrm. A amlbg m bc ckcpeálag_, SU qck nsjqm, mamppc os_lbm _ amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p à r m pÍngb_ osc l m fÍ
rcknm n_p_ m amp_ m n_p_ pc_ _qrcacp, pcqsjr_lbm ck nsjqm glbcrcarÍtcj. Ek _k mq mq a_qmq, mq glbgtâbsmq l m cqrÍ _ pcac cp m djsvm
bc q_lesc qsdgagclrc n_p_ mq rcagbmq. Ancq_p bc qcp bgdcpclrcq dclçkclmq n_rmjãegamq c amk bgdcpclrcq pgrkmq bc ECG, _ ecqr m AC R bc
UF c US q m cqqclag_jkclrc mq kcqkmq. Qcqqsqagr_ m n_p_ UF c qck nsjqm US amkc _ amk _ Ocqosgq_ bc B R.
Tk AED já c _l_jgq_ m pgrkm c bcrcpkgl_ qc sk afmosc à lcacqqÍpgm. A AED cqrÍ npmep_k_bm n_p_ qmjgagr_p qmkclrc m sqsÍpgm n_p_
afma_p UF c pgrkmq bc US. A kÍosgl_ l m q_ c qc m glbgtâbsm rck sk nsjqm ms l m. Eqr_ à _ npglagn_j p_x m osc tmaá l m bctc sq_p
sk AED ck _jesàk amk sk nsjqm n_jnÍtcj. AC R pcqnmqr_q _ UF c SU qck nsjqm bclrpm bc sk fmqngr_j npmt_tcjkclrc qcpÍ
amlbsxgb_ sq_lbm sk kmlgrmp a_pbâ_am c sk bcqdg pgj_bmp k_ls_j. Aqqgk, m npmtcbmp bc AC R bctc jcp c _l_jgq_p m pgrkm. Cfmoscq qã
bctc qcp clrpcesc n_p_ UF c qck nsjqm US. D_ kcqk_ dmpk_, nmbck qcp srgjgx_bmq dÍpk_amq _lrg_ppârkgamq c bpme_q n_p_ qsnmpr_p _
npcqq m _prcpg_j.
PCEP>Q N>P> cfZofiYÓÍl

sbkqof riYo 'DT( Fgesp_ 24
M m fÍ dmpk_ bc pcesj_pgb_bc bm amknjcvm PQR, nmposc rmb_ _ _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_ à

PCESJ>PGB>BC
bcqmpe_lgx_bm.
A r_v_ n_pcac pÍngb_, k_q _ _argtgb_bc cjàarpga_ bcqmpe_lgx_bm gkncbc m amp_ m bc

R>V>
mk c_p.
N U>TC M m fÍ mlb_q O npcqclrc.
NP GLRCPT>JM M m fÍ glrcpt_jmq OQ npcqclrc.
ljmibul OPQ
DNM
N amknjcvm tclrpâasjm t_pg_
r_ cj_ 5
> > Rcesglrc: Qcep_q n_p_ S_osga_pbg_ Uclrpgasj_p

A>QMQ
>AJQ
QEGQAR OAQA
SAPTICAQDIA UEMSQICT AQ
(S_osga_pbg_ QEGT AQ / QAOID
VIDE CNLO EWN)
Fgesp_ 25
PCESJ>PGB>BC glrcpt_jmq QQ q m ecp_jkclrc, k_q lck qcknpc, pcesj_p.
A r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m l m nmbc qcp bcrcpkgl_b_. r_v_ tclrpgasj_p à ecp_jkclrc clrpc 150 c 250
R>V>
_rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm.
amknjcvmq PQR l m q m npcacbgbmq nmp mlb_q O. Evgqrck ma_qgml_jkclrc mlb_q O

N U>TC l_ rgp_, k_q osc l m cqr m _qqmag_bmq amk m pgrkm tclrpgasj_p.
NP GLRCPT>JM
DNM
glrcpt_jm OQ l m à kcbgbm sk_ tcx osc cqrc à sk pgrkm tclrpgasj_p.
kcbgb_q amknjcvmq PQR k_gq bm osc 0,12 qceslbmq. N PQR lmpk_jkclrc qcpÍ _knj_ c
ljmibul OPQ gx_pp_. Â ecp_jkclrc bgdâagj bc tcp sk_ qcn_p_ m clrpc m amknjcvm PQR c _ mlb_ S.
r_ cj_ 6
QEGQAR OAQA
Smpq_bcq bc nmglrcq
(S_osga_pbg_ CNLO EWN DE
IQQEGT AQ AQGN)
Fgesp_ 26
PCESJ>PGB>BC M m fÍ pcesj_pgb_bc.
A r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m l m nmbc qcp bcrcpkgl_b_. r_v_ tclrpgasj_p à ecp_jkclrc clrpc 150 c 250
R>V>
_rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm.
NP GLRCPT>JM M m fÍ glrcpt_jmq OQ npcqclrc.
ljmibul OPQ DNM

N amknjcvm tclrpâasjm t_pg_.
r_ cj_ 7
Smkc lmr_
UF c qck nsjqm US q m _k mq Qgrkmq bc afmosc. A DEA l m nmbc bgxcp qc m glbgtâbsm rck

sk nsjqm ms l m.
>> Rcesglrc: _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_ qck nsjqm c _qqgqrmjg_

>qfsfaYab biÕqof Y pbj mripl b YppfpqlifY
_rgtgb_bc qck nsjqm cjàrpgam (OEA) c _qqgqrmjg_ cqr m pcj_agml_bmq pgrkmq a_pbâ_amq ck osc _k mq cqr m amk pgqam bc tgb_ c slqfmai_ jc.
Aqqâqrmjc à sk_ jglf_ nj_l_ ECG ( > DfdroY 16( - Ombc f_tcp kmtgkclrm qs rgj bc bgqrÓlag_ b_ jglf_ bc _qc (osc bcpgt_ b_ jglf_ nj_l_), k_q l m fÍ
lclfsk_ _argtgb_bc cjàarpga_ a_pbâ_a_ ncpacnrâtcj. Rcknpc e_p_lrgp osc sk_ jcgrsp_ bc _qqgqrmjg_ l m à sk sqsÍpgm ms cppm ràalgam. Ccprgdgosc-qc
bc k_laf_q rák sk mk amlr_rm amk m glbgtâbsm, cqrgtcpck amlcar_bmq, m e_lfm à bcdglgbm bc dmpk_ _bcos_b_, c _ _jgkclr_ m cqrÍ jge_b_.
OEA à sk_ b_q ksgr_q dmpk_q bc mlb_ bc ECG (glajsglbm m pgrkm qglsq_j) qck sk nsjqm bcrcarÍtcj. OEA nmbc glajsgp os_joscp dmpk_ bc mlb_
qck nsjqm amk _ cvacn m bc UF, US, ms _qqgqrmjc. Hgnmtmjckg_ c fgnãvg_ q m _q bs_q a_sq_q k_gq amkslq bc OEA. Ejcq r_k àk q m mq k_gq
d_agjkclrc pctcpqâtcj c bctc cqr_p lm rmnm bc os_joscp bg_elãqrgam bgdcpclag_j.
Rc m glbgtâbsm rck pcrmplm b_ agpasj_ m cqnmlrÓlc_ (QNRC), npmacbcp _ asgb_bmq bc npgq m nãq-a_pbâ_a_. Arpmngl_ l m à k_gq
pcamkclb_bm ck a_qmq bc OEA ms _qqgqrmjg_.
QEGQAR OAQA OEA c

_qqgqrmjg_
Fgesp_ 27
PCESJ>PGB>BC N pgrkm qcpÍ sk_ jglf_ os_qc nj_l_.
R>V> M m fÍ r_v_.
NP GLRCPT>JM glrcpt_jm OQ à gla_n_x bc qcp kcbgbm bctgbm Ê d_jr_ bc mlb_q O cqr_p npcqclrc.
ljmibul OPQ M m fÍ amknjcvmq PQR npcqclrcq.

Ps_bpm 8
>> C_sq_q pctcpqâtcgq: Mcvr

A>QMQ
>AJQ
a_sq_q pctcpqâtcgq
Fgesp_ 28
AYrpYp obsbopàsbfp ab mYoYaY YoaàY Y
B> F BM R
fgnmtmjckg_ Olcskmrãp_v fgncprclqgtm
fgnãvg_ r_knml_kclrm
H + (_agbmqc) rmvgl_q
Hwnm / Hgncpnmr_qqckg_ Spmk mqc (ampmlÍpg_)
Hgnmejgackg_ Spmk mqc (nsjkml_p)
Hgnmrcpkg_ Sp_sk_ (l m pcamlfcagbm)

r_ cj_ 9
Smkc lmr_
Rcknpc tcpgdgosc qc sk_ jcgrsp_ bc _qqgqrmjg_ l m à d_jf_ bm cosgn_kclrm. Ccprgdgosc-qc bc k_laf_q d_xcp sk
mk amlr_rm amk m glbgtâbsm, rmbmq mq a_ mq cqr m amlcar_bmq, m e_lfm à bcdglgbm bc dmpk_ _bcos_b_, c _
_jgkclr_ m cqrÍ jge_b_.
Hgnmtmjckg_ c fgnãvg_ q m d_agjkclrc pctcprgb_ c q m _q bs_q a_sq_q k_gq amkslq

bc OEA.
MN ASQNOIMA DTQAMSE cptgjf_ ms _qqgqrmjg_
Ek mp_ l m f_h_ lclfsk_ ctgbálag_ bc osc _ _rpmngl_ rck sk cdcgrm npchsbgag_j bsp_lrc _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ p_bwa_p_bga ms _qqgqrmjg_,
m sqm pmrglcgpm bc _rpmnpglc bsp_lrc OEA ms _qqgqrmjg_ l m dmg kmqrp_bm n_p_ rcp sk clcdâagm rcp_násrgam. Ompr_lrm, _ AHA pckmtcs
_rpmngl_ b_q bgpcrpgxcq bc n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_.
Dmqc n_bp m bc _bpcl_jgl_ à t_qmnpcqqmp DE ERCN HA
Eqrsbmq npcjgkgl_pcq qsecpck osc _ _bpcl_jgl_ ck bmqcq k_gq cjct_b_q nmbck npmbsxgp kcjfmpcq pcqsjr_bmq ck pc_lgk_ m. Mm clr_lrm,
sk_ ncqosgq_ pc_jgx_b_ _nãq _ ns jga_ m 2010 bgpcrpgxcq d_jfms ck kmqrp_p os_joscp clcdâagm _m jmlem bmqc n_bp m bc 1 ke bc cnglcdpgl_.
D_ kcqk_ dmpk_, _q mpgclr_ écq b_ AHA 2010 mdcpcagbm sk t_qmnpcqqmp _jrcpl_rgt_, af_k_b_ t_qmnpcqqgl_, osc nmbcpg_ qcp sq_bm ck tcx
bc ms _nãq _ npgkcgp_ bmqc bc cnglcdpgl_. A gltcqrge_ m qs qcosclrc kmqrpms osc _ t_qmnpcqqgl_ l m mdcpcacs lclfsk_ t_lr_eck qm pc
cnglcdpgl_ bmqc n_bp m. Rck sk_ bckmlqrp_ m bc qsncpgmpgb_bc, r_lrm bc _jr_ bmqc bc cnglcdpgl_ c t_qmnpcqqgl_ dmp_k pckmtgbmq, m osc
qgknjgdga_ m _jempgrkm RAUC.
> > Rcesglrc: Ajempgrkm _bsjrm _npcclq m C_pbg_a

>ariql AYoafY >oobpq >idlofqej
>RGT>P BC CKCPE°LAG>
õ BÚ lufdÚkfl
õ >kbuYo jlkfqlo . abpcfZofiYalo
QGK LzM
Pfqjl ab elnrb GL AGM ANP
1 8
TD . TR >ppfpqlifY . NC>
2 0/
>BKGLGQRP>P AFMOSC
alfp jfkrqlp
õ > bmfkbcofkY Y YaY 2 Y 4 jfkrqlp
3 õ Alkpfabob sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY b
jfkrqlp YmkldoYcfY
õ Y bppl GT . GM pbj
fkqboormÓÍl kl ANP
LzM Pfqjl ab elnrb ANP mlo

el Ésbfp íPGRKM ANP mlo alfp
00
QGK
4
õ RoYqb YrpYp obsbopàsbfp
>BKGLGQRP>P AFMOSC
5
ab elnrb ANP BMGQ KGLSRMQ
jfkrqlp
õ > bmfkbcofkY Y YaY 2 Y 4 jfkrqlp
õ Alkpfabob sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY b
YmkldoYcfY
TÉ mYoY Y bqYmY 4 lr 6 ofqjl
el Ésbfp íPGRKM ANP mlo alfp
6
>BKGLGQRP>P AFMOSC
õ Qb eÉ pfkYfp ab PMQA+ sÉ mYoY l

7 mYppl 0/ lr 00
ANP mlo alfp jfkrqlp
õ Qb lp pfkYfp ab PMQA+ fo mYoY ArfaYalp
õ YjflaYolkY
Fgesp_ 29 BbqbkÓÍl Nlpq,AYoaàY l
õ RoYqYo Yp YrpYp obsbopàsbfp
> > Rcesglrc: _bsjrm _npcclq m C_pbg_a Ajempgrkm Cmlrgls_ m

A>QMQ
>AJQ
ADT SN OAQADA CAQDÇACA A GNQISLN CNMSIMTAÁºN
OrYifaYab ANP
Eknspp_p amk dmp _ ( 2 nmjce_b_q) c pÍngbm ( 100 nk) c ncpkgrgp m pcasm ncgrm
kglgkgx_p _q glrcppsn écq
M m k_gq bc tclrgj_p
Rc lclfsk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j, 30: 2 _ amknpcqq m pcj_ m tclrgj_ m
a_nlmep_dg_ mlb_ os_lrgr_rgt_

- Rc ESCN2 <10 kk He, rclr_p kcjfmp_p _ os_jgb_bc bm COQ
npcqq m glrp_-_prcpg_j
- Rc _ npcqq m bg_qrãjga_ <20 kk He, rclr_p kcjfmp_p _ os_jgb_bc bm COQ
CkbodfY elnrb
BgdÍqga_: clrpce_ gdÍqgam bc clcpeg_ bsp_lrc _ bcqdg pgj_ m rck qc kmqrp_bm k_gq cdga_x bm osc mlb_q kmlmdÍqga_q k_gq
tcjfmq. Rge_ pcamkclb_ QGKbcqamlfcagbm, srgjgxc kÍvgkm
m bm d_ pga_lrc (nmp cvcknjm, _ bmqc glgag_j bc 120 _ 200 J); Rc
bgqnmlâtcj. bmqcq qceslb_ c qs qcosclrcq bctc qcp cosgt_jclrc, c _q bmqcq k_gq cjct_b_q bctck qcp amlqgbcp_bmq.
LmlmdÍqgam: 360 J
Pbqlokl aY fo riYÓÍl bpmlkqÊkbY

Qcrmplm bc nsjqm c rclq m _prcpg_j
pcnclrglm _skclrm qsqrclr_bm l_ OESCN2 (rgnga_kclrc 40 kgjâkcrpmq bc He)
mlb_q bc npcqq m _prcpg_j cqnmlrÓlc_q amk kmlgrmpgx_ m glrp_-_prcpg_j
>fotYv YsYkÓYaY
tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j qsnp_ejmrrga ms ES glrs _ m
Fmpk_ bc mlb_ bc a_nlmep_dg_ n_p_ amldgpk_p c kmlgrmp_p m nmqgagml_kclrm bm rs m ES
8 _ 10 pcqngp_ écq nmp kglsrm amk amknpcqqécq amlrâls_q
Bord ReboYmv
A cnglcdpgl_ IU / IN b_ bmqc: 1 ke _ a_b_ 3 _ 5 kglsrmq
A _kgmb_pml_ IU / IN Dmqc: npgkcgp_ bmqc bc 300 ke bc mjsq, _ qceslb_ bmqc à bc 150 ke
AYrpYp obsbopàsbfp
fgnmtmjckg_
A fgnãvg_
H + (_agbmqc)
Hgnmrcpkg_
Hgnm / fwncpi_jckg_
S_knml_kclrm, a_pbâ_am
Smvgl_q
Olcskmrãp_v fgncprclqgtm
Spmk mqc, nsjkml_p ms ampmlÍpg_
> > Mcvr: Csgb_bmq Dcrcl m Omqr-C_pbâ_am

ASGB>BMQ NPGQzM BC NÁQ,A>PB >A>
Rc sk glbgtâbsm rck sk pcrmplm b_ agpasj_ m cqnmlrÓlc_ (QNRC), amkc _p _ asgb_p npgq m nãq-a_pbâ_a_ gkcbg_r_kclrc. Nq npmacqqmq
glgag_gq B R / AC R q m bcqrgl_b_q _ q_jt_p _ tgb_ bc sk glbgtâbsm, clos_lrm asgb_bm npgq m nãq-a_pbâ_a_ npcrclbc mrgkgx_p _ tclrgj_ mc
agpasj_ m, npcqcpt_p amp_ m c aàpc pm rcagbm / dsl m, c k_lrcp mq lâtcgq bc ejgamqc lm q_lesc pcamkclb_b_q.
RAMGTE DE AONIN E t_qmnpcqqmpcq OQERRºN
Cmlqgbcpc m _nmgm b_ npcqq m _prcpg_j bc os_joscp glbgtâbsm amk npcqq m q_lesâlc_ qgqrãjga_ gldcpgmp _ 90 kkHe ms _ npcqq m _prcpg_j
kàbg_ (LAO) _ kclmq bc 65.
A l m qcp amlrp_-glbga_b_, bc 1 _ 2 jgrpmq bc qmjs m q_jgl_ glrp_tclmq_ ms j_ar_rm bc Qglecp, à _ npgkcgp_ glrcptcl m.
Ps_lbm _ npcqq m _prcpg_j à ksgrm _gv_, amlqgbcpc t_qmnpcqqmpcq (amkskclrc pcdcpgbm amkm üamknpcqqmpcq ):
Rc lclfsk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j, 30: 2 _ amknpcqq m pcj_ m tclrgj_ m
- A cnglcdpgl_ à m npcqqmp bc cqamjf_ n_p_ mq glbgtâbsmq osc l m cqr m ck n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_.
- Dmn_kgl_, dclgjcdpgl_ c kcrmv_kgl_ q m _jrcpl_rgt_q n_p_ cnglcdpgl_.

- Mmp_bpcl_jgl_ à ecp_jkclrc pcqcpt_b_ n_p_ fgnmrclq m ep_tc ms amkm sk _eclrc bc êjrgk_ jglf_.
Sgrsj_-qc _ r_v_ bc ncpdsq m n_p_ k_lrcp _ npcqq m q_lesâlc_ bcqch_bm.
HIONSEQLIA
A fgnmrcpkg_ à _ êlga_ glrcptcl m bmaskclr_bm osc kcjfmp_ / _skclr_ _ pcasncp_ m bm aàpc pm _nãq _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_. Ej_
nmbc qcp pc_jgx_b_ ck glbgtâbsmq osc l m pcqnmlbck (gqrm à, ck cqr_bm bc amk_) c bctc qcp amlrgls_b_ bsp_lrc ncjm kclmq 24
fmp_q. N m hcargtm b_ fgnmrcpkg_ glbsxgb_ à n_p_ k_lrcp sk_ rckncp_rsp_ ampnmp_j clrpc 89,6 _ 93,2 ep_sq F (32 _ 36 ep_sq C).
d_ pga_lrcq bc bgqnmqgrgtmq bcqcltmjtcp_k tÍpg_q rcalmjmeg_q glmt_bmp_q osc kcjfmp_k _ a_n_agb_bc bc _dcr_p c amlrpmj_p _
fgnmrcpkg_ lm glbgtâbsm nãq-npgq m. Hgnmrcpkg_ bctc qcp glbsxgb_ c kmlgrmp_b_q nmp npmdgqqgml_gq rpcgl_bmq. fgnmrcpkg_ glbsxgb_ l m
bctc _dcr_p _ bcagq m bc pc_jgx_p _ glrcptcl m ampmlÍpg_ ncpasrÓlc_ (OCI), nmgq OCI amlamppclrc c fgnmrcpkg_ q m pcj_r_bmq n_p_
qcp tgÍtcj c qcesp_.
> > Ajempgrkm Csgb_bmq _bsjrm _npcclq m gkcbg_rm nãq-C_pbâ_am: Mcvr

A>QMQ
>AJQ
>ariql fjbafYql máp,AYoafY >oobpq >idlofqjl ArfaYalp
TCLRGJ> zM . MVGECL> zM9 CsfqYo sbkqfiYÓÍl Pbqlokl aY

bu bppfsY- Gkf fYo bj 0/ Y 01 obpmfoYÓãbp mlo jfkrql b Y fo riYÓÍl bpmlkqÊkbY
qfqriYÓÍl mYoY pbdjbkqYo NCRAM1 ab 24 Y 3/ jj Fd-
BMQCQ . BCR>JFCQ
Zlirp GT9
0 Y 1 ifqolp ab plirÓÍl pYifkY klojYi lr iY qYql ab
Pfkdbo- Qb fkarwfkal efmlqbojfY+ cirfal lk fabo 3 õ jYkqbo Y pYqroYÓÍl ab
M1 ü 83"
x A- CmfkbcofkY GT Gkcrpflk9
õ Alkpfabob sfY YÕobY YsYkÓYaY b

/+0 Y /+4 j d . Id mlo jfkrql fkcrpÍl YmkldoYcfY clojY ab lkaY
ab almYjfkY GT9 ab 4 Y 0/ j d . hd õ LÍl efmbosbkqfiYo

mlo jfkrql LlobmfkbcofkY fkcrpÍl GT9
/+0 Y /+4 j d . hd mlo YrpYp

lqfjfwYo Y sbkqfiYÓÍl b lufdbkYÓÍl
;8/ jjFd(
obsbopàsbfp eloY9
õ GT . GM ab Zlirp cirfal
õ efmlslibjfY
õ fkcrpÍl sYplmobpplo
õ efmáufY
õ Alkpfabob YrpYp qoYqÉsbfp
õ F ) 'Y falpb( qoYqYjbkql
õ >sYifYo CAEaY
abefmlqbkpÍl 'Q?N
01 abofsYÓãbp
õ FfmlqbojfY
õ Ffml . evmbohYibjfY
õ RYjmlkYjbkql+ YoaàY l
QfdY lp ljYkalp M
õ RlufkYp
õ NkbrjlqáoYu efmboqbkpfsl QGK LzM
õ RoljZlpb+ mrijlkYo
AMLQGBCP>P
efmlqbojfY
fkarwfaY
Yiql QSQNCGR> BC >KG
LzM QGK
obmbocrpÍl QRCKG lr
AMPMLyPG>Q
ASGB>BMQ AP RGAMQ >BT>LACB
Fgesp_ 30
>> Rcesglrc: qglrmkÍrgam Bp_bga_pbg_

QEGQAR OAQA p_bga_pbg_ qglsq_j MNQLAR DE OQILEIQN GQAT
Fgesp_ 31 Fgesp_ 32
PCESJ>PGB>BC glrcpt_jmq QQ q m pcesj_pcq, ck ecp_j PCESJ>PGB>BC glrcpt_jmq QQ q m pcesj_pcq, ck ecp_j

pgrkm à pcesj_p. pgrkm à pcesj_p.
A r_v_ à bc kclmq bc 60 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm, A r_v_ bcnclbc bm pgrkm

R>V> R>V>
k_q ecp_jkclrc k_gq bc 40 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm. qs h_aclrc.
HÍ sk_ mlb_ O ck dpclrc bc a_b_ HÍ sk_ mlb_ O ck dpclrc bc a_b_

N U>TC PQR. Aq mlb_q O _n_pcacp N U>TC PQR. Aq mlb_q O _n_pcacp
slgdmpkc. slgdmpkc.
NP GLRCPT>JM Lcbgb_q clrpc 0,12

0,20 qceslbmq bc c
bsp_ m. OQI à NP GLRCPT>JM Lcbc
ckk_gq
bsp_bc m.
0,20 qceslbmq
glrcpt_jm OQ à amcpclrc.
amlqgqrclrc.
ljmibul OPQ Lcbc kclmq bc 0,12 qceslbmq. ljmibul OPQ Lcbc kclmq bc 0,12 qceslbmq.
S_ cj_ 10 & 11
QEGQAR OAQA SION 2ª ep_s I Bjmoscgm AU QEGQAR OAQA 2ª ep_s SION II jmoscgm AU
(Vclic _af) (Lm grx II)
Fgesp_ 33 Fgesp_ 34
glrcpt_jm QQ à gppcesj_p, k_q ecp_jkclrc fÍ sk Rc fmstcp sk_ pcj_ m bc amlbs m

n_bp m n_p_ cjc. N glrcpt_jm QQ dga_ k_gq jmlem amlqgqrclrc, clr m m glrcpt_jm QQ qcpÍ
PCESJ>PGB>BC
osc m glrcpt_jm OQ dga_ k_gq jmlem. PCESJ>PGB>BC pcesj_p. Rc _ pcj_ m bc amlbs m l m à
amlqr_lrc, m glrcpt_jm QQ qcpÍ gppcesj_p.
A r_v_ tclrpgasj_p à ecp_jkclrc jgecgp_kclrc k_gq

cjct_b_ bm osc _ r_v_ _rpg_j bctgbm _ _jesk_q A r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m à lmpk_j. N pgrkm tclrpgasj_p à
R>V> _rgb_q _rpg_gq l m qclbm amlbsxgb_q. A r_v_ bc k_gq jclr_, lmpk_jkclrc bc 1/2 _ 1/3, k_gq jclr_ bm
R>V>
dg pgj_ m à ecp_jkclrc lmpk_j. osc _ r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m.
mlb_q O cqr m l_ nmqg m tcprga_j c slgdmpkc. A mlb_q O cqr m l_ nmqg m tcprga_j c slgdmpkc.
k_gmpg_ bmq amknjcvmq rcpÍ sk_ mlb_ O ck N U>TC M m fÍ sk PQR qcesglrc a_b_ mlb_ O.
N U>TC dpclrc bcjcq; lm clr_lrm, f_tcpÍ _jeslq osc l m
rák sk_ mlb_ O.
glrcpt_jm OQ qã nmbc qcp kcbgbm ck
_rgkclrmq cdcars_bmq, c à lmpk_j- _jg_bm
NP GLRCPT>JM amlqr_lrc _m jmlem b_ rgp_. Ombc ms l m nmbc
k_gq
NP GLRCPT>JM glrcpt_jm OQ _rànpmepcqqgt_kclrc
qc rmpl_ osc f_h_ sk amknjcvm qcp k_gmp osc sk glrcpt_jm OQ lmpk_j (0,12
PQR a_gs. qceslbmq).
ljmibul OPQ Lcbc kclmq bc 0,12 qceslbmq. ljmibul OPQ Lcbc kclmq bc 0,12 qceslbmq.
S_ cj_ 12 & 13
> > Rcesglrc: Qcep_q n_p_ 3pb Dcepcc jmoscgm AU

A>QMQ
>AJQ
QEGQAR OAQA 3ª ep_s

jmoscgm AU
(Bjmoscgm a_pbâ_am amknjcrm)
Fgesp_ 35
PCESJ>PGB>BC glrcpt_jm QQ à pcesj_p. glrcpt_jm OO r_k àk à pcesj_p.
A r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m à pcesj_p c lmpk_jkclrc bc 60 _ 100. Cj_qqgdga_ m bc amknjcvmq PQR à

bcnclbclrc bm dmam.
R>V>
Rc m dmam à tclrpgasj_p, _ r_v_ qcpÍ bc 20 _ 40. Rc m dmam à
hslagml_j, _ r_v_ qcpÍ bc 40 _ 60.
mlb_q O cqr m l_ nmqg m tcprga_j c slgdmpkc. M m fÍ sk PQR

N U>TC
qcesglrc a_b_ mlb_ O.
glrcpt_jm OQ qã nmbc qcp kcbgbm ck _rgkclrmq cdcars_bmq, c à ecp_jkclrc amlqr_lrc _m jmlem

NP GLRCPT>JM b_ rgp_. Ombc ms l m nmbc qcp k_gmp osc sk glrcpt_jm OQ lmpk_j (0,12 qceslbmq).
ljmibul OPQ Ilrcpt_j nmbc qcp lmpk_j, k_q à k_gq npmtÍtcj osc qch_ npmjmle_b_.
r_ cj_ 14
ZoYaf YoafY pfkqljÉqf Y

Bp_bga_pbg_ à bcdglgb_ amkm sk pgrkm a_pbâ_am gldcpgmp _ 60 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm. Ek mp_ os_joscp dpcosálag_ a_pbâ_a_
gldcpgmp _ 60 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm à amlqgbcp_b_ p_bga_pbg_, lck rmbmq mq glbgtâbsmq amk p_bga_pbg_ à qglrmkÍrgam ms rcp sk
ctclrm n_rmjãegam. Ilbgtâbsmq ck cvacjclrc dmpk_ dâqga_, ksgr_q tcxcq rák p_bga_pbg_ qglsq_j. p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrgamq nmbck
a_sq_p sk acprm lêkcpm bc qgl_gq c qglrmk_q, glajsglbm npcqq m _prcpg_j _gv_, cbck_ nsjkml_p c m amlecqrgml_kclrm, m pgrkm
_lmpk_j, bcqamldmprm lm ncgrm, d_jr_ bc _p, rmlrsp_q, c / ms amldsq m. p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_ bctc qcp rp_r_b_ amk _ Ocqosgq_ bc
AC R. Rc p_bga_pbg_ à _qqglrmkÍrga_, k_q mamppc amk sk_ _ppgrkg_ jgqr_bmq _ _gvm, m rcp sk_ amlqsjr_ _ n_prgp bc sk
a_pbgmjmegqr_ cvncpgclrc lm rp_r_kclrm bc bgqrêp gmq bm pgrkm.
Rglrmk_q bc p_bga_pbg_
F_jr_ bc _p
Eqr_bm kclr_j _jrcp_bm
fgnmrclq m
Ebck_ nsjkml_p / amlecqr m

Fp_oscx_ / rmlrsp_q / tcprgeclq
> > Rcesglrc: qglrmkÍrgam Bp_bga_pbg_ amkclrÍpgm

QEUIRºN p_bga_pbg_ qglrmkÍrga_
?oYaf YoafY pfkrpYi Rfml ab ?il l GG ab Qbdrkal EoYr >T
pgrkm lmpk_j amk pgrkm jclrm glrcpt_jm OQ à m kcqkm amknpgkclrm _rà

glrcpkgrclrckclrc bpmnnncb amknjcvm PQR à
?ilnrbYo >T Nofjbfol EoYr bcqa_pr_bm
glrcpt_jm OQ à k_gmp bm osc 0,20 qceslbmq

?ilnrbYo >T Rbo bfol EoYr
Rfml G Qbdrkal EoYr ab Zilnrbfl >T OQ c PQR l m q m ammpbcl_bmq sk amk

OQ glrcpt_jm _skclr_ bc amknpgkclrm _rà m amknjcvm PQR à m msrpm
bcqa_pr_bm
> > Rcesglrc: Absjrm Bp_bga_pbg_ amk m Ajempgrkm bc nsjqm

A>QMQ
>AJQ
>ariql ?oYaf YoafY lj l >idlofqjl ab mripl
TCLRGJ> zM . MVGECL> zM9 CsfqYo sbkqfiYÓÍl

bu bppfsY- Gkf fYo bj 0/ Y 01 obpmfoYÓãbp . jfk b qfqriYÓÍl
mYoY pbdjbkqYo NCRAM1 ab 24 Y 3/ jj Fd
BMQCQ . BCR>JFCQ >qolmfkY GT Blpb9 Blpb fkf fYi ab
pb ZoYavYoovqejfY /+4 jd ab Zlirp- Pbmbqfo Y YaY 2 Y 4 jfkrqlp YqÕ 2
jd ab alpb jÉufjY ab almYjfkY fkcrpÍl GT9 1 Y 0/

õ KYkqbo Y abplZpqorÓÍl aYp sfYp YÕobYp:
YgraYo Y obpmfoYo+ pb kb bppÉofl
j d . hd mlo jfkrql fkcrpÍl ab bmfkbcofkY GT9 ab 4 Y
õ Qb efmluÚjf
qfmf Yjbkqb l+
;4/ ZYqfjbkqlp mlo jfkrql 0/ j d . hd mlo jfkrql
YajfkfpqoYo lufdÚkfl
õ jlkfqlo YoaàY l mYoY
fabkqfcf Yo ofqjl
. pfkqljYp ab cobnrÚk fY YoaàY Y
õ KlkfqlofwYo Y mobppÍl YoqbofYi b lufjbqofY
ab mripl
õ Y bppl GT
õqoYqYo
>sYifYoYrpY
CAEprZgY
ab 01 abofsYÓãbp
bkqb YsYifYo pfkYfp
ZoYafYoofqjfY mbopfpqbkqb
YrpYkal9
õ FfmlqbkpÍl
LzM
õ >draYjbkqb bpqYal
KlkfqloYo b lZpbosYo
jbkqYi YiqboYal
õ QfkYfp ab elnrb
õ Blo kl mbfql
õ fkprcf fÚk fY YoaàY Y YdraY Gabkqfcf Yo b
>qolmfkY 'TbgY Blpbp . BbqYiebp( Qb

YqolmfkY fkbcf Yw9
õ jYo Y,mYppl qoYkp rqÊkbl MP
õ > almYjfkY fkcrpÍl9 1 Y 0/ j d .

hd mlo jfkrql MS
õ fkcrpÍl ab bmfkbcofkY9 1 Y 0/ j d
mlo jfkrql
AMLQGBCP>P9
õ lkpriqY bpmb fYifpqY

õ bpqfjriYÓÍl qoYkpsbklpY
Fgesp_ 36
> > Rcesglrc: S_osga_pbg_

R>OSGA>PBG>
A r_osga_pbg_ à sk_ dpcoíálag_ a_pbâ_a_ qsncpgmp _ 100 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm. Ps_lbm m amp_ m _rc ksgrm p_ngb_kclrc, fÍ sk_ d_qc bc pcj_v_kclrm
claspr_bm. Iqqm d_x amk osc bmgq npm jck_q npglagn_gq: mq tclrpâasjmq q m gla_n_xcq bc clafcp amknjcr_kclrc, d_xclbm amk osc m bà grm a_pbâ_am n_p_
bgkglsgp; c _q _pràpg_q ampmlÍpg_q pcac ck kclmq q_lesc, d_xclbm amk osc _ mdcpr_ n_p_ m amp_ m n_p_ bgkglsgp.
S_osga_pbg_ à aj_qqgdga_bm amkm cqrÍtcj ms glqrÍtcj.
dpcosálag_q a_pbâ_a_q qsncpgmpcq ms ges_gq _ 150 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm ecp_jkclrc a_sq_k qglrmk_q.
r_osga_pbg_ glqrÍtcj qcknpc pcoscp _rcl m gkcbg_r_.
r_osga_pbg_ cqrÍtcgq únmbc qc rmpl_p glqrÍtcj.
Rglrmk_q bc r_osga_pbg_
fgnmrclq m bmp lm ncgrm / bcqamldmprm
qs_lbm F_jr_ bc _p
Ebck_ nsjkml_p / amlecqr m Fp_oscx_ / rmlrsp_q / tcprgeclq
bgqrclq m b_ tcg_ hsesj_p cqr_bm kclr_j _jrcp_bm
SAPTICAQDIA qglrmkÍrgamq amk CAQDÇACA> 100 BOL
0- Qb l fkafsàarl Õ fkpqÉsbi+ clokb bo YoaflsbopÍl

Rc ck _jesk kmkclrm tmaá qc rmpl_ glacprm ms
pfk olkfwYaY fjbafYqY-
bcqamldmprÍtcj bsp_lrc m rp_r_kclrm bc sk
Â _ r_osga_pbg_ bm glbgtâbsm npmbsxgp glqr_ gjgb_bc
n_agclrc cqrÍtcj, npmasp_k amlqsjr_ _ sk
fckmbglÓkga_ c qglrmk_q ep_tcq? cqncag_jgqr_. N rp_r_kclrm bc n_agclrcq cqrÍtcgq
R m mq qglrmk_q (gqrm à, bmp c qmdpgkclrm bc sk cld_prc _esbm bm únmbck qcp nmrclag_jkclrc npchsbgag_gq.
kgmaÍpbgm (ALI)) npmbsxglbm _ r_osga_pbg_?
1- >sYifYo l bpqYal ebjlafkÊjf l al fkafsàarl

A _bclmqgl_ nmbc a_sq_p pmlamcqn_qkm; nmp
YqoYsÕp al bpqYZbib fjbkql ab GT+ aYkal lufdÚkfl prmibjbkqYo b
amlqcesglrc, _ _bclmqgl_ bctc qcp _bkglgqrp_bm
jlkfqloYo l loYÓÍl- amk npca_s m ck bmclrcq amk _qrf- k_.
A dpcosálag_ a_pbâ_a_ bc 100 _ 130 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm à ecp_jkclrc pcqsjr_p bm
npmacqqm qs h_aclrc c ksgr_q tcxcq pcnpcqclr_ r_osga_pbg_ qglsq_j. Ek r_osga_pbg_
qglsq_j, m m hcrgtm à gbclrgdga_p c rp_r_p _ a_sq_ qgqrákga_ qs h_aclrc.
A dpcosálag_ a_pbâ_a_ qsncpgmp _ 150 nk nmbc qcp qglrmkÍrgam; os_lrm

k_gmp _ r_v_, k_gmp _ npm _ gjgb_bc bmq qglrmk_q q m bctgbm Ê r_osga_pbg_.
2- >ppbp al ljmibul OPQ-
PCESJ>P qYnrf YoafY ab ljmibulp CQRPCGR> 'NPMTyTCJ

QTR(
Sclr_p k_lm p_q t_e_gq.
N rcp ECG bc 12 bcpgt_ écq; amlqgbcp_p amlqsjr_ _ sk cqncag_jgqr_.
A _bclmqgl_ 6 ke pÍngb_ OIU; qc lclfsk_ amltcpq m, qc m rcp 12 ke bc IUO (qceslb_

bmqc); nmbc rclr_p 12 ke sk_ tcx.
> > Rcesglrc: S_osga_pbg_ Cmlrgls_ m

A>QMQ
>AJQ
GPPCESJ>P qYnrf YoafY ab ljmibulp CQRPCGR> 'NPMTyTCJ >,DG?(

S_v_ bc amlrpmjm amk bgjrg_xck 15 _ 20 ke (0,25 ke / ie) IU _m jmlem bc bmgq kglsrmq, ms jmosc_bmpcq cr_.
PCESJ>P qYnrf YoafY ab ljmibulp ab iYodroY 'TR NPMTyTCJ(
Cmltcprcp pgrkm sq_lbm _kgmb_pml_ 150 ke IU _m jmlem bc 10 kglsrmq.
Qc_jgx_p _ a_pbgmtcpq m cjcrgt_.
GPPCESJ>P qYnrf YoafY ab ljmibulp UGBC

Cmlqgbcpc _lrg-_ppârkgam.
Rc rmpq_bcq bc nmglrcq, b_p qsjd_rm bc k_elàqgm 1 _ 2 e IU; nmbck qcesgp amk 0,5 _ 1 e bsp_lrc 60 kglsrmq.
RYnrf YoafY bpqÉsbi b fkpqÉsbi
QEGQAR OAQA r_osga_pbg_ qglsq_j
Fgesp_ 37
PCESJ>PGB>BC glrcpt_jmq QQ q m pcesj_pcq, m pgrkm ecp_j à pcesj_p.
R>V> A r_v_ à qsncpgmp _ 100 _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm, k_q ecp_jkclrc gldcpgmp _ 170 nk.
N U>TC HÍ sk_ mlb_ O ck dpclrc bc a_b_ PQR. Aq mlb_q O _n_pcacp slgdmpkc.
Lcbgb_q clrpc 0.12-0.20 qceslbmq bc bsp_ m. glrcpt_jm OQ à amcpclrc.

NP GLRCPT>JM
ljmibul OPQ Lcbc kclmq bc 0,12 qceslbmq.

r_ cj_ 15
> > Rcesglrc: Qcep_q n_p_ Arpg_j Fjsrrcp

Qcep_q n_p_ _ dg pgj_ m _rpg_j (A-FIB)
IQQEGT AQ ERSQEISA r_osga_pbg_ bc
QEGQAR OAQA djsrrcp _rpg_j amknjcvmq = A-FIB
Fgesp_ 38 Fgesp_ 39
A r_v_ _rpg_j à pcesj_p. A r_v_ Nq glrcpt_jmq QQ q m gppcesj_pcq; nmpr_lrm, m

tclrpgasj_p ecp_jkclrc qcpÍ pcesj_p, pgrkm ejm _j à gppcesj_p gppcesj_p. Nq
k_q _ncl_q qc m lã AU pc_jgx_ mq tclrpâasjmq amlbsxgp _ n_prgp bc bgdcpclrcq
PCESJ>PGB>BC
PCESJ>PGB>BC nsjqmq gk- bc sk_ dmpk_ amlqgqrclrc. dmamq dg pgj_ m d_xclbm amk osc _
C_qm amlrpÍpgm, _ r_v_ tclrpgasj_p qcpÍ gppcesj_pgb_bc.
gppcesj_p.
r_v_ bc dg pgj_ m ecp_jkclrc cvacbc

A r_v_ _rpg_j à lmpk_jkclrc clrpc 350. Rc m pgrkm tclrpgasj_p à clrpc 60 c 100
250 _ 350. Uclrpga- r_v_ sj_p _rgkclrmq nmp kglsrm, gqrm à amlfcagbm amkm
R>V> bcnclbc m amlbsrÓlag_ _rp_tàq bm üamlrpmj_b_ A-Fg . Rc _ dpcosálag_ tclrpgasj_p
lã AU n_p_ mq tclrpâasjmq. R>V> à k_gq bm osc 100, à amlqgbcp_bm A-Fg amk
Q_ngb Qcqnmlqc Uclrpgasj_p (QUQ), r_k àk
amlfcagbm amkm bcqamlrpmj_b_ A-Fg .
Aq mlb_q O qcpÍ ck bcdglgbm c rck sk
N U>TC n_bp m bc übclrc bc qcpp_ _ cjcq.
Dctgbm _m bgqn_pm Írpgmq r m p_ngb_kclrc

Dctgbm Ê amldgesp_ m glamksk b_q
bc tÍpgmq dmamq, l m fÍ mlb_q O ã tg_q
mlb_q O, m glrcpt_jm l m à kcbgb_
NP GLRCPT>JM lm pgrkm. A jglf_ bc _qc _n_pcac
amk djsrrcp _rpg_j.
N U>TC a_ãrgam nmposc _q _spâasj_q q m
dg pgj_lrc, nmp amlqcesglrc, l m fÍ mlb_q
O q m npmbsxgbmq.
ljmibul OPQ kcbgb_q PQR gldcpgmp _ 0,12
qceslbmq.
NP GLRCPT>JM Omposc l m cvgqrck

mlb_q O, glrcpt_jm OQ l m nmbc qcp
kcbgbm.
S_ cj_ 15 & 16
ljmibul OPQ kcbgb_q PQR kclmq bc
0,12 qceslbmq.
> > Rcesglrc: Absjrm S_osga_pbg_ amk m Ajempgrkm bc nsjqm

A>QMQ
>AJQ
RYnrf YoafY Yariql lj mripl >idlofqej
BMQCQ . BCR>JFCQ YoaflsbopÍl

pfk olkfwYaY9 bpqobfqY obdriYobp9 4/ Y
0//H bpqobfqY foobdriYo9 ZfcÉpf Y 01/H Y
1//H 1//H jlklcÉpf l iYodl obdriYobp9
0//H iYodl foobdriYo9 alpb ab
abpcfZofieYÓÍl 'kÍl pfk olkfwYaYp(
Gabkqfcf Yo b qoYqYo YrpY prZgY bkqb YabklpfkY GT Blpb9 Blpb fkf fYi ab 5 jd
fjmripl oÉmfal GT: pfdY lj LQ cirpe-
qfmf Yjbkqb< 04/ ZYqfjbkqlp mlo jfkrql
õ KYkqbo Y abplZpqorÓÍl aYp sfYp YÕobYp: Qbdrfo lj Y pbdrkaY alpb ab 01 jd+ pb
YgraYo Y obpmfoYo+ pb kb bppÉofl kb bppÉofl- Gkcrpãbp YkqfYooàqjf lp mYoY
õ Qb efmluÚjf l+ YajfkfpqoYo qYnrf YoafY OPQ iYodl bpqÉsbi9

lufdÚkfl mol YfkYjfaY GT Blpb9 1/ Y 4/ jd mlo
õpfkYfp
jlkfqlo YoaàY l mYoY jfkrql YqÕ Ç YoofqjfY prmofjfaY+
b pfkqljYp aY cobnrÚk fY YoaàY Y
fabkqfcf Yo ofqjl efmlqbkpÍl pbdrb+ lr OPQ YrjbkqY Y
aroYÓÍl< 4/"+ alpb jÉufjY ab 06 jd .
õ KlkfqlofwYo Y mobppÍl YoqbofYi b lufjbqofY
ab mripl hd YajfkfpqoYaY- fkcrpÍl ab jYkrqbkÓÍl9
0 Y 3 jd mlo eloY- CsfqYo pb OR
õ Y bppl GT
molilkdYal lr AFD YjflaYolkY GT Blpb9
õ >sYifYo CAE ab 01 abofsYÓãbp YsYifYo Blpb fkf fYi9 04/ jd Yl ilkdl ab 0/
jfkrqlp- PbmfqY lkclojb kb bppÉofl+ pb
TR obmbqb- fkcrpÍl ab jYkrqbkÓÍl9 0 jd
YoaflsbopÍl ZoYafYoofqjfY mlo jfkrql mYoY Yp mofjbfoYp pbfp eloYp

pfk olkfwYaY mbopfpqbkqb ab plqYili GT Blpb9 0// jd '0+4 jd . hd(
YrpYkal9 Yl ilkdl ab fk l jfkrqlp- Csfqb pb
õ lkpfabob QGK
pbaYÓÍl õ > efmlqbkpÍl molilkdYal OR
õ Alkpfabob YabklpfkY õ >draYjbkqb bpqYal

pb obdriYo ab jbkqYi YiqboYal
ljmibul bpqobfql
õ QfkYfp ab elnrb
õ Blo kl mbfql
õ fkprcf fÚk fY YoaàY Y

YdraY
õ Alkpfabob YabklpfkY
pljbkqb pb obdriYo b
jlkljáocf Y
LzM
õ Alkpfabob fkcrpÍl
YkqfYooàqjf l
QGK OPQ iYodl ü
õ Alkpfabob lkpriqY /+01 pbdrkalp

Y rj bpmb fYifpqY
LzM
Fgesp_ 40
õ jYklZoYp sYdYfp
õ >abklpfkY 'pb obdriYo(
õ ê, Mr ZilnrbYalo al YkYi ab
Éi fl ZilnrbYalo
õ Alkpfabob lkpriqY bpmb fYifpqY
> > Rcesglrc: Râlbpmkc Cmpml_pg_l_ Aesb_

Qàkaoljb lolkYofYkY YdraY
qâlbpmkc ampmlÍpg_ _esb_ (ACR) à sk_ amjca m bc os_bpmq ajâlgamq glajsglbm _legl_ glqrÍtcj, cld_prc l m-RS-cjct_ m bm
kgmaÍpbgm (IALRRRS) c cld_prc bm kgmaÍpbgm amk cjct_ m RS (IAL). ACR à aj_qqga_kclrc pcamlfcagbm nmp sk ms k_gq bmq
qcesglrcq qglrmk_q: bmp dmprc lm ncgrm, d_jr_ bc _p, bmp osc qc gpp_bg_ n_p_ _ k_lbâ sj_, p_ m ms mk pm, qsbmpcqc c / ms
lÍsqc_q ms tãkgrmq. Â gknmpr_lrc lmr_p osc lck rmbmq mq glbgtâbsmq amk RCA _npcqclr_pÍ amk cqqcq _af_bmq ajÍqqgamq,
n_prgasj_pkclrc ksjfcpcq c glbgtâbsmq amk bg_ crcq kcjjgrsq. Â gknmqqâtcj bcrcpkgl_p sk ctclrm a_pbâ_am cqncaâdga_ bmq
qglrmk_q ACR; Ompr_lrm, mq qglrmk_q ACR q m ecpgbmq b_ kcqk_ dmpk_.
C_b_ glbgtâbsm amk cqrcq qglrmk_q bctck qcp _t_jg_bmq gkcbg_r_kclrc. Rc sk glbgtâbsm n_pcac qcp glamlqagclrc, amkc _p
amk m Ilosàpgrm B R c qge_ m a_kglfm _npmnpg_bm n_p_ m asgb_bm _t_l _bm. Rc m glbgtâbsm à amlqagclrc, npmqqcesgp amk _
tg_ _ qcesgp.
Smkc lmr_
Tqc LNMA: Lmpnfglc, Nvwecl, lgrpmejgacpgl_, c _qngpgl_ ck glbgtâbsmq amk qsqncgr_ bc
RCA.
CKQ
MVGE°LGM Tqc os_rpm jgrpmq nmp kglsrm aÓlsj_ l_q_j; rgrsj_p, amldmpkc lcacqqÍpgm
>QNGPGL> Rc lclfsk_ _jcpeg_, b_p 160 _ 325 ke ARA n_p_ k_qrge_p. Etgrc pctcqrgbm ARA
D_p 0,3 _ 0,4 ke bc R / nsjtcpgx_bmp v 2 bmqcq amk 3 _ glrcpt_jmq bc 5 kglsrmq
LGRPMEJGACPGL> M m sqc qc OAR <90 kkHe
M m sqc qc m glg gbmp b_ dmqdmbgcqrcp_qc, amkm Ug_ep_, rmk_b_ lm np_xm bc 24

fmp_q
KMPDGL> Dá 1 _ 5 ke IU qmkclrc qc mq qglrmk_q l m _jgtg_b_ nmp lgrp_rmq ms qc mq qglrmk_q qc pcncrck.

Aamkn_lf_p bc ncprm _ npcqq m _prcpg_j
At_jg_p n_p_ LI: cjct_ m bm qcekclrm RS ms bcnpcqq m, c npmepcqq m b_ mlb_ Q

CAE01B
nm pc
GT >ACQQM Gp_lbc a_jg pc IU l_ dmqq_ _lrcas gr_j
ctc _m aclrpm OCI qc npmtÍtcj RSELI

LMRGDGA>P FMQNGR>J
Fgesp_ 41 Argtc npmrmamjm ACR lm fmqngr_j
> > Rcesglrc: qâlbpmkc ampml_pg_l_ _esb_ Ajempgrfk

A>QMQ
>AJQ
>ariql AlolkYov Qvkaoljb >idlofqej
QfkqljYp ab fkcYoql lr fpnrbjfY
CKQ >sYifYÓÍl . FlpmfqYi ArfaYalp

õ >?Ap ab Ymlfl: mobmYoYo mYoY ANP . abpcfZofiYÓÍl
õ BÚ YpmfofkY+ jlocfkY+ kfqoldif bofkY+ b lufdÚkfl+ pb kb bppÉofl
õ MZqbo CAE ab 01 abofsYÓãbp
õ Qb l prmoY ab QR9
õ Llqfcfnrb,elpmfqYiYo: MZpbosb mofjbfol lkqYql jÕaf l b qbjml ab fkà fl
õ FlpmfqYi absb pb mobmYoYo mYoY obpmlkabo Y QRCKG

õ Qb cfZofkáifpb moÕ,elpmfqYiYo+ rpb ifpqY cfZofkliàqf l
CKQ >sYifYÓÍl . FlpmfqYi ArfaYalp RoYqYjbkql fjbafYql CB

õ Tbofcfnrb lp pfkYfp sfqYfp ab pYqroYÓÍl . M1 õ Qb Y pYqroYÓÍl ab M1 ;83"+ M1 ljbÓYo Y 3 ifqolp
mlo jfkrql+ qfqriY
õ Y bppl GT
õ Cub rqb efpqáof l ab buYjbp afob flkYalp . càpf Y
õ >pmfofkY 05/,214 jd NM
õ AljmibqY ifpqY ab sbofcf YÓÍl cfZofkliàqf l+ sbofcfnrb

õ pmoYv ab kfqoldif bofkY lr prZifkdrYi
lkqoY,fkaf YÓãbp õ KlocfkY GT+ pb Y kfqoldif bofkY kÍl Õ bcf Yw
õ MZqbo kàsbfp mobifjfkYobp YoaàY Yp jYo YaloYp+
bib qoáifql b bpqralp ab lYdriYÓÍl
õ MZqbo mbfql mloqÉqfi ab oYflp,u ';2/jfk(
GLRCPNPCR>P CAE
mlppfZfifaYab ab ibpÍl 'QRCKG(

BbmobppÍl al pbdjbkql QR . fksbopÍl aY lkaY R afkÊjf l:
YiqY mlppfZfifaYab ab fpnrbjfY- Bb Yiql ofp l YkdfkY fkpqÉsbi .
pbdjbkql QR lr klsl ?PC: doYkab kÍl,QR,bibsYÓÍl KG 'S> . G>KQQQR(
õ Aljb b qboYmfYp
cYojY liádf Yp >ajfqfo CB rkfaYab ab alo
õ LÍl abjloY obmbocrpÍl bibsYÓÍl al qloÉ f Y b pbdrfo9
ofp l ab ZYfuY fkqbojbafÉofl >AQ
õ kçjbolp jYo Yalo YoaàY l
'qolmlkfkY(
fksYpfsY kY lkaY R . pbdjbkql QR
qolmlkfkY bibsYaY lr mY fbkqb ab Yiql ofp l mob l b õ lkqàkrY al pbdjbkql QR
< 01 FP YiqboYÓãbp klkafldklpqf . kÍl
bpqoYqÕdfY fksYpfsY pb9 õ jlkfqlo ab CAE PbmfqY
õ RYnrf YoafY sbkqof riYo õ qbpqb ab afYdkápqf l klojYfp
õ QfkYfp ab fkprcf fÚk fY YoaàY Y
LzM õ fkpqYZfifaYab ebjlafkÊjf Y

QGK ú 01 FP
õ abp lkcloql kl mbfql
iYqÚk fY ú 01 eloYp fpnrÚjf Y obcoYqÉofY
jbqYp obmbocrpÍl9 NY fbkqb,b
õ Nbopfpqbkqb . abpsfl QR ob loobkqb
bkqol,abcfkfal ofqÕoflp ab
qboYmfY9 õ qolmlkfkY bibsYaY b . lr
jbklp ab 8/ jfkrqlp M qbjml ab
õ DfZofkáifpb 'mloqY,YdrieY( ab
jbqY jbklp al nrb 2/ QGK õ YoY qboàpqf Yp ab Yiql ofp l
iàkf lp b . lr
jfkrqlp+
õ FbmYofkY 'SDF lr JKUF( õabpbkslisb9
CAE YiqboYÓãbp ljmYqàsbfp lj
õ NAG 'mloqY,Y,ZYiÍl fkciYÓÍl( jbqY fpnrbjfY
õ Lfqoldif bofkY
õ Alkpfabob ilmfaldobi
. kÍl fksYpfsl YklojYi
õ Alkpfabob NM ê, ZilnrbYalobp LzM
õ Alkpfabob Eif lmolqbàkY GiZ
fkfZfalo . iiY QGK afYdkápqf l mlo fjYdbj cfpfliádf Y
ofp l Aljb b qoYqYjbkqlp YagrsYkqbp

fpnrbjfY qbpqYkal qbpqbp ab
YajfppÍl YjY jlkfqloYal- Bbqbojfkb l pqYqrp ab LzM

kbkerjY bsfaÚk fY ab bkcYoqb lr
ofp l- AlkqfkrYo ebmYofkY+ >Q>+ lrqoYp qboYmfYp
Bbp YodY lj pbdrfjbkql+ pb

õ > qboYmfY lj bpqYqfkY
õ fkfZfalo aY CA> . >P?
Fgesp_ 42 õ AYoaflildfY Yoofp Yo bpqoYqfcf Yo pb kÍl clo ab Yiql
> > Ek qcesgb_: Smosc Aesbm

>TA Ydral
Aagbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j à sk_ amlbg m l_ os_j m djsvm lmpk_j bc q_lesc _m aàpc pm à glrcppmkngbm. Aagbclrcq t_qasj_pcq acpc p_gq nmbck mamppcp ck bs_q
t_pg_ écq: gqosàkgam c fckmppÍegam. Mm _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j gqosàkgam, sk amÍesjm _jmh_ ck sk bmq t_qmq q_lesâlcmq bm aàpc pm, jmosc_lbm m djsvm bc
q_lesc _rp_tàq bm t_qm q_lesâlcm. Mm _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j fckmppÍegam, sk t_qm q_lesâlcm l_q psnrsp_q acpc p_gq, bcpp_kc bc q_lesc n_p_ m rcagbm
acpc p_j. _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j gqosàkgam c fckmppÍegam amlr_ _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j n_p_ 87% c 13% bmq a_qmq rmr_gq, pcqncargt_kclrc. Ek ecp_j, mq
qglrmk_q bc bcpp_kcq gqosákgamq c fckmppÍegamq q m qckcjf_lrcq. Mm clr_lrm, mq rp_r_kclrmq q m ksgrm bgdcpclrcq.
Rglrmk_q bm AUC
Fp_oscx_ lm p_ m c ncpl_ ms d_ac
Opm jck_q bc tgq m
Cmldsq m
MÍsqc_ ms tçkgrm
Dgdgasjb_bc n_p_ d_j_p ms dmpk_p _q n_j_tp_q amppcr_q
Opm jck_q _ nà ms ck kmtgkclrm
bmp bc a_ c _ ep_tc (fcpkmppf_ega)
CKQ
MVGE°LGM Trgjgx_p 100% bc mvgeàlgm glgag_jkclrc; rgrsj_p os_lbm nmqqâtcj
NGA>B> LM BCBM Ucpgdgosc ejgamqc; fgnmejgackg_ nmbc gkgr_p _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j _esbm
FGQRÁPG> Dcrcpkgl_p m rcknm npcagqm bm glâagm bmq qglrmk_q bm n_agclrc c

rcqrckslf_q
Dcrcpkgl_p bàdgacq n_agclrc (kmrmp psrm, qclqmpg_gq psrm, lcptmq

CV>KC
ap_lg_lmq)
>NPCCLQzM npca_s écq _npcclq m Ilqrgrsrm
GT >ACQQM Gp_lbc a_jg pc IU l_ dmqq_ _lrcas gr_j
ctc _m aclrpm _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, qc nmqqâtcj

LMRGDGA>P FMQNGR>J
Fgesp_ 43
> > Rcesglrc: Rrpmic _esb_ Cmlrgls_ m

A>QMQ
>AJQ
Nq qgl_gq ajâlgamq bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j bcnclbck b_ pceg m bm aàpc pm _dcar_b_ ncjm djsvm q_lesâlcm bgkglsâbm ms m qrpsâbm. Nq qgl_gq
c qglrmk_q nmbck glajsgp: dp_oscx_ ms bmpkálag_ b_ d_ac, p_ m ms ncpl_, bgdgasjb_bc n_p_ a_kglf_p, bgdgasjb_bc bc cosgjâ pgm, ncpb_ bc tgq m,
_pp_qr_b_ ms d_j_ _sqclrc, bpmmn d_ag_j, bmp bc a_ c _, tçkgrmq c _jrcp_ m bm lâtcj bc amlqagálag_. Mck rmbmq cqqcq qglrmk_q cqr m npcqclrcq,
c mq _af_bmq bm cv_kc bcnclbck b_ _pràpg_ acpc p_j _dcr_b_.
A Rrpmic Ra_jc Cglagll_rg Opcfmqngr_j (CORR) à sq_b_ n_p_ bg_elmqrga_p _ npcqcl _ bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j ck sk glbgtâbsm, qc os_joscp sk bmq
qcesglrcq pcqsjr_bmq dâqgamq q m tgqr_q: glajgl_ m d_ag_j, bcpgt_ bm p_ m, ms bgqaspqm _lmpk_j. Ilbgtâbsmq amk sk bcqqcq rpáq pcqsjr_bmq amkm sk lmtm
ctclrm rck sk_ npm _ gjgb_bc bc 72% bc sk _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j gqosákgam. Rc rmb_q _q rpáq bcqam cpr_q cqr m npcqclrcq, _ npm _ gjgb_bc bc sk
_agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j _esb_ à k_gq bm osc 85%. F_kgjg_pgx_p-qc c npmdgagclrc amk _ dcpp_kclr_ srgjgx_b_ ncjm qgqrck_ ELR bmq qmamppgqr_q à
pcamkclb_bm. aclÍpgmq c npÍrga_ qgksj_b_ gpÍ d_agjgr_p m sqm bcqq_q dcpp_kclr_q bc p_qrpcgm t_jgmqmq. Ilbgtâbsmq amk AUC gqosákgam osc l m q m
a_lbgb_rmq n_p_ _ rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_ bctck pcac cp _qngpgl_, _ kclmq osc amlrp_-glbga_bm ncj_ tcpb_bcgp_ _jcpeg_ Ê _qngpgl_. Smbmq mq glbgtâbsmq amk
_agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j amldgpk_b_ bctck qcp glrcpl_bmq l_ Tlgb_bc bc Scp_ng_ Ilrclqgt_ Mcspmjãega_ qc bgqnmlâtcj. rp_r_kclrm bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p
acpc p_j glajsg _ kmlgrmpgx_ m bc npcqq m q_lesâlc_ c _ pcesj_ m nmp npmrmamjm, npca_s écq amltsjqgtmq, amlrpmjmq lcspmjãegamq dpcosclrcq, m _nmgm b_q
tg_q _àpc_q, amldmpkc lcacqqÍpgm, dâqgam / masn_agml_j / bgqaspqm _t_jg_ m rcp_násrga_, _ rckncp_rsp_ ampnmp_j, c bc kmlgrmpgx_ m bc ejsamqc lm q_lesc.
Nq glbgtâbsmq osc pcac cp_k rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_ bctck qcp qcesgb_q nmp qgl_gq bc q_lep_kclrm ms fckmpp_eg_. Ajeslq glbgtâbsmq (amk gb_bcq bc 18 _ 79
_lmq amk jgecgp_ _ kmbcp_b_ _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j) nmbck qcp a_n_xcq bc pcac cp m rOA (_argt_bmp bc nj_qkglmeàlgm rcagbsj_p) _rà 4,5 fmp_q _nãq m
glâagm bmq qglrmk_q. Rm acpr_q agpaslqrÓlag_q, glrp_-_prcpg_j rOA à nmqqâtcj _rà qcgq fmp_q _nãq m glâagm bmq qglrmk_q. Ps_lbm m rcknm bc glâagm bmq
qglrmk_q à bcqamlfcagbm, à amlqgbcp_b_ sk_ cvajsq m _srmkÍrga_ n_p_ rOA. Rc m rcknm bc glâagm bmq qglrmk_q à amlfcagbm, m Ilqrgrsrm M_agml_j bc
Dgqrêp gmq Mcspmjãegamq c Dcpp_kc (MIMDR) cqr_ cjcacs _q kcr_q bc rcknm _ _gvm.
Fgesp_ 44
0/ jfkrqlp aY 14 jfkrqlp aY 5/ jfkrqlp ab 07/ jfkrqlp ab

ebdYaY ebdYaY ebdYaY ebdYaY
At_jg_ m ecp_j ncjm Evcasrc rmkmep_dg_ At_jg_p apgràpgmq n_p_ sqm c Abkgqq m Ê slgb_bc
bc AUC
_bkglgqrp_p rp_r_kclrm
cqncag_jgqr_ amknsr_bmpgx_b_ qck amlrp_qrc
dg pglmjârgam ( "amÍesjm
Elamkclb_p t_ppcbsp_ speclrc CS _t_jg_ m gk cagj")
lcspmjãega_
qck amlrp_qrc
rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_ nmbc qcp
cg_ rmkmep_dg_ amknsr_bmpgx_b_
sq_bm lm np_xm bc rpáq fmp_q
ck 45 kglsrmq
bm glâagm bmq qglrmk_q (4,5
fmp_q ck _jeslq a_qmq)
Smkc lmr_
Alrcq bc b_p os_joscp amgq_ (kcbga_kclrmq ms _jgkclrmq) ncj_ ma_, tmaá bctc cvcasr_p sk_ rpg_eck
a_ cacgp_ _lbmpglf_. Smbmq mq glbgtâbsmq amk AUC _esbm q m amlqgbcp_bmq MON l_ _bkgqq m.
N m hcrgtm b_ cosgnc bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, kàbgam bc ckcpeálag_, ms msrpmq cqncag_jgqr_q
bctc qcp _t_jg_p m glbgtâbsm amk qsqncgr_ bc AUC bclrpm bc 10 kglsrmq b_ afce_b_ lm
bcn_pr_kclrm bc ckcpeálag_ (ED).
A rmkmep_dg_ amknsr_bmpgx_b_ bctc qcp amlajsâb_ bclrpm bc 25 kglsrmq b_ afce_b_ bm

glbgtâbsm lm ED c bctc qcp jgbm ck 45 kglsrmq.
> > Rcesglrc: Rr_dd Dcn_pr_kclrm bc Ekcpeálag_

CKCPE°LAG> BCN>PR>KCLRM NCQQM>J
>JTM BC CQR>?CJCACP TCPGDGA> zM AlkqY qb Y

AMKNJCRC CKQ AR QA>L BC QR>R M?RCP CAE ab
>T>JG> zM BC fkà fl alp dif lpb b bnrfmY ab
ASGB>BMQ A PC?PM 01 abofsYÓãbp
ASPQM pfkqljYp RCKNM ifmàaflp >TA
GQOS°KGA> FCKMPPyEGA>
GQOS°KGA> FCKMPPyEGA>
AlkcfojYo Y eloY ab fkà fl alp pfkqljYp lkpriqb Lbrol forodfY
Cub rqb kbroliádf l Yisl

mYfkbi ab lYdriYÓÍl+ l qfml bY qbiY
buYjb 'Cp YiY ropl LGF(
JfpqY ab sbofcf YÓÍl cfZofkliàqf l ljmibqY
CVAJSQ CQ CVAJSQ CQ APGR PGM BC

>?QMJSRM PCJ>RGT>Q GLAJSQzM
õ qoYrjYqfpjl oYkfYkl kl çiqfjlp õ Krfql mbnrbkYp . pfkqljYp õ fkà fl QfkqljY klp çiqfjlp qoÚp
eloYp 'bu bmql bj fo rkpqÊk fYp
qoÚp jbpbp obplisbkal
bpmb fYfp(
õ > fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi bj qoÚp çiqfjlp jbpbp õ >mobbkpÍl mlab bpqYo Y Ycb qYo
buYjb kbroliádf l õ 07 Yklp lr jYfp
õ FbjlooYdfY prZYoY káfab
õ AforodfY lr qoYrjY kl çiqfjlp 03 õ > fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi fpnrÚjf l
õ mrkÓÍl YoqbofYi bj çiqfjlp pbqb lj abcbfql kbroliádf l
afYp
afYp
õ EoYkab ebjlooYdfY kl çiqfjlp 10
õ >kqboflo fkqoY oYkfYkY
afYp
FbjlooYdfY 'GAF(
õ GkcYoql al Kfl Éoafl kl çiqfjlp qoÚp
õ pYkdoYjbkql Yqfsl
jbpbp
õ FbmYofkY kl çiqfjlp alfp afYp
õ GLP bibsYaY
õ Ffmldif bjfY
õ Krfql doYkab fkcYoql bobZoYi

'jriqfilZb(
õ NiYnrbqYp ;0//-/// . jj2
Fgesp_ 45
LM DG?PGLMJ RGA> LM DG?PGLMJ RGA> LM DG?PGLMJ RGA>
> > Rcesglrc: Ajempgrkm Smosc Aesbm

A>QMQ
>AJQ
>idlofqjl >TA Ydral
>qfsb Cjbodbk v Pbpmlkpb Gabkqfcf Yo

pfkqljYp . pfkYfp ab Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi
> CQ
õ YsYifYÓÍl Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi moÕ,elpmfqYiYo ljmibqY
õ MZpbosb l qbjml ab fkà fl alp pfkqljYp 'çiqfjY klojYi(

LGLBQ RCKNM õ >?Ap ab Ymlfl: aYo M1
õ Tbofcfnrb dif lpb
õ RofYdb Yl bkqol Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi
lr jbklp KCR>Q õ elpmfqYiYo >iboq
abkqol ab 0/ jfkrqlp
>T>JG> zM ECP>J . CQR>?GJGX> zM
õ >sYifb pfkYfp sfqYfp . >?Ap
õ >qfkdfo l Y bppl GT . obYifwYo YsYifYÓãbp ab iYZloYqáofl
CB AFCE>B> õ >qfkdfo 01 abofsYÓãbp CAE
õ BÚ M1 pb efmluÚjf l
õ Tbofcfnrb dif lpb: qoYqYo+ pb kb bppÉofl
õ YsYifYÓÍl ab qofYdbj kbroliádf Y ljmibqY

õ Dfj KPG al ÕobZol qljldoYcfY ljmrqYalofwYaY . bjbodÚk fY
õ >qfsb bnrfmb >TA GKNMPR>LRCQ CKQ YsYifYÓÍl .
>sYifYÓÍl kbroliádf Y mbiY bnrfmb ASPQM

CB AFCE>B> õ TÉ Yl ilkdl efpqáof l al mY fbkqb
abkqol ab 14 õ buYjb kbroliádf l ljmibql 'bp YiY kbroliádf Y ANQQ

lr FGF Qqolhb Q Yib(
jfkrqlp lr jbklp
õ LlqY çiqfjY lkeb faY klojYi lr pfkqljY qbjml ab
fkà fl
CB AFCE>B>
abkqol ab 34 AR Q Yk YmobpbkqY ebjlooYdfY
jfkrqlp lr jbklp
QGK LzM
TCP LCSPMAGPSPEGzM . LCSPMJMEGQR>: >TA fpnrÚjf l Ydral molsÉsbfp: NPCN>PC,QC

RP>LQDCP°LAG> Qb kÍl bpqfsbo afpmlkàsbi N>P> > qboYmfY cfZofkliàqf Y
õ PbmfqY buYjb kbroliádf l: aÕcf fqp fj,
molsYkal klojYi
õ NbpnrfpYo mlo bu irpãbp cfZofkliàqf l
LÍl YkafaYqlp
> qboYmfY cfZofkliàqf Y
aÚ YpmfofkY
YfkaY Õ mlppàsbi
A>LBGB>RM
õ >ajfqfo Y Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi lr rkfaYab ab qboYmfY fkqbkpfsY CB AFCE>B>

õ Aljb b Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi lr ebjlooYdfY mYqetYv abkqol ab 5/
Fgesp_ 46 jfkrqlp lr õ Qbj qoYqYjbkql YkqfmiYnrbqÉofl . Ykqf lYdriYkqb ;13 eloYp
jbklp
õ qN> >ajfkfpqoYo
D>K JG> Qb pYqfpcYqáofY9
õ Aljb
bobZoYi
b máp qN>,mYqetYv Y fabkqb sYp riYo
CB AFCE>B>
õ >ajfqfo Y Y fabkqb sYp riYo bobZoYi lr rkfaYab ab qboYmfY fkqbkpfsY
abkqol ab 2 eloYp . ?CLCD AGMQ AMK M N>AGCLRC .
õ jlkfqloYo cobnrbkqbp9
MS KCLMQ
õ abqbofloYÓÍl kbroliádf Y
õ ?N mlo molql lil EM QM?PC PGQAMQ
> > Rcesglrc: Asrm-At_jg_ m n_p_ C_qmq AC R

>SRM,>T>JG> zM N>P>
A>QMQ >AJQ
1. Ps_j b_q qcesglrcq à m npãvgkm n_qqm amppcrm ck ecqr m _nãq _ clrpce_ bc sk afmosc?
sk_. Ucpgdga_p m nsjqm.
. Uclrgj_p qmkclrc.
a. F_xcp amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q.
b. Cfma_p lmt_kclrc.
2. Nlbc à osc m gknsjqm cjàrpgam n_p_ _ _rgtgb_bc a_pbâ_a_ lmpk_j mpgeglms?
sk_. Dcqamlfcagbm
. lã RA
a. lã AU
b. dg p_q bc Ospiglhc
3. Eqamjf_ _ qcoíálag_ amppcr_ bc _rgtgb_bc cjàrpga_ lm amp_ m n_p_ m pgrkm qglsq_j lmpk_j?
sk_. RA lã, Ospiglhc, m lã AU, O_amrc bc Rs_

. Ospiglhc, O_amrc bc Rs_, lã AU, m lã RA
a. lã RA, lã AU, dcgvc bc Hgq, dg p_q bc Ospiglhc
b. lãbsjm AU, lã RA, n_amrc bc Hcpq, dg p_q bc Ospiglhc
4. N osc m amknjcvm PQR ck sk ECG pcnpcqclr_?
sk_. amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p

. m dcafm b_ tÍjtsj_ AU
a. amlrp_ m _rpg_j
b. qcnrm pcj_v_kclrm
5. Ps_j à m kàrmbm pcamkclb_bm n_p_ kmlgrmp_p _ pcqngp_ m bsp_lrc m _rclbgkclrm AC R?
sk_. Njf_p, mstgp c qclrgp

. a_nlmep_dg_
a. e_qcq lm q_lesc tclmqm
b. Lmlgrmp_kclrm ncgrm qs gp
6. Umaá cqrÍ rp_lqnmpr_lbm sk glbgtâbsm osc clrp_ ck n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ bsp_lrc m rp_lqnmprc. _acqqm IU à
k_j qsacbgbm. Ps_j à m npãvgkm n_qqm?
sk_. Scpkgl_p pc_lgk_ m.

. N rcp _acqqm glrp_-ãqqcm.
a. Cmjmosc sk_ jglf_ aclrp_j.
b. Abkglgqrp_p rmbmq mq kcbga_kclrmq _rp_tàq b_ aÓlsj_ rp_osc_j.
7. Ps_j _ bmqc bc t_qmnpcqqgl_ osc tmaá sq_ n_p_ qs qrgrsgp _bpcl_jgl_ bsp_lrc _ n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_?
sk_. 10 ke
. 10 slgb_bcq
a. 40 ke
b. 40 slgb_bcq

8. Tk glbgtâbsm cqrÍ bmclrc, cm kmlgrmp pctcj_ r_osga_pbg_ qglsq_j amk sk_ dpcosálag_ a_pbâ_a_ bc 135.
Ps_j à m npglagn_j m hcrgtm lm rp_r_kclrm bcqrc glbgtâbsm?
sk_. Dcrcpkgl_p _ a_sq_ qs h_aclrc.

. Opcn_p_p n_p_ a_pbgmtcpq m qglapmlgx_b_.
a. Sp_lqdslbgp ejã sjmq tcpkcjfmq ckn_amr_bmq.
b. F_xcp _ _bkglgqrp_ m bc _bclmqgl_.
9. A 79-wc_p-mjb glbgtâbsm cqrÍ ck RUS. BO à 80/50, c cjc cqrÍ pcaj_k_lbm bc bcqamldmprm lm ncgrm c
O_pcac osc _ n_qq_eck n_p_ dmp_. Ps_j à m npãvgkm n_qqm _npmnpg_bm?
sk_. k_qq_eck a_pãrgb_
. a_pbgmtcpq m qglapmlgx_b_
a. _kgmb_pml_
b. jgbma_âl_
10. Umaá cqrÍ rp_r_lbm sk glbgtâbsm osc _npcqclrms ck dg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p. Dcnmgq bc COQ c sk_ rclr_rgt_ bc
bcqdg pgj_ m, m qcs lmtm pgrkm à rcpacgpm jmam ep_s AU. Ps_j à m npãvgkm n_qqm l_ ecqr m?
sk_. Qcngr_ _ bcqdg pgj_ m

. A t_qmnpcqqgl_
a. k_pa_-n_qqm rp_lqasrÓlcm
b. Ajr_q bmqcq bc cnglcdpgl_
11. Tk fmkck bc 55 _lmq bc gb_bc, _npcqclr_ qglrmk_q bc _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j, c _ rmkmep_dg_ amknsr_bmpgx_b_ kmqrp_ cld_prc ksjrgjm _pcq (k_gq bm
osc sk rcp m bm fckgqdàpgm acpc p_j). N rp_r_kclrm à amlrp_-glbga_bm?
sk_. Nvgeálgm
. ejgamqc kmlgrmp_kclrm
a. A rcp_ng_ rpmk mjârga_
b. kmlgrmpgx_ m b_ npcqq m _prcpg_j
12. Psc ncb_ m bc b_bmq à dslb_kclr_j n_p_ m rcp ck rmbmq mq glbgtâbsmq amk AUC?
sk_. D_r_ bc l_qagkclrm
. Hckmejm gl_ _1a

a. npcqq m _prcpg_j gj_rcp_j p_ m
b. Scknm tgqrm ncj_ êjrgk_ tcx lmpk_gq
13. Ucpb_bcgpm ms F_jqm: N m hcrgtm bm rp_r_kclrm bm AUC à amknjcr_p _ _t_jg_ m glgag_j ED bclrpm bc 10 kglsrmq, _ _t_jg_ m
lcspmjãega_ bclrpm bc 25 kglsrmq b_ afce_b_, c rcp _ a_ c _ CS jcp bclrpm bc 45 kglsrmq bc afce_b_.

PCQNMQR>Q
1. C
COQ à pcrmk_b_ nmp bmgq kglsrmq _lrcq bc os_joscp pc_t_jg_ m à pc_jgx_b_. Cmkcac amk amknpcqqécq qcesgbm bc
tclrgj_ écq ck sk 30: 2 npmnmp m.
2. B
N lã RA ecp_ m gknsjqm cjàarpgam l_ _argtgb_bc a_pbâ_a_ lmpk_j. N gknsjqm ck qcesgb_, tg_h_ n_p_ m pcqrm bm
qgqrck_ bc amlbs m c d_agjgr_ _ amlrp_ m bmq Írpgmq c tclrpâasjmq.
3. C
Mmpk_j gknsjqm cjàrpgam a_pbâ_am tg_h_ ck sk n_bp m amlqgqrclrc npmbsxglbm pgrkm qglsq_j lmpk_j.
4. A
N PQR pcnpcqclr_ amlrp_ m tclrpgasj_p. A mlb_ S pcnpcqclr_ pcnmj_pgx_ m bmq tclrpâasjmq.
5. B
Ps_lrgr_rgt_ a_nlmep_dg_ dmpk_ bc mlb_ à m kàrmbm pcamkclb_bm n_p_ _t_jg_p pcqngp_ m / tclrgj_ m bsp_lrc RAUC.
Ajàk bgqqm, _ mvgkcrpg_ bc nsjqm bctcpÍ qcp _t_jg_b_, c _ _t_jg_ m ajâlga_ bcqcknclf_ sk n_ncj ck.
6. B
Tk_ jglf_ glrp_-ãqqc_ nmbc qcp amjma_b_ p_ngb_kclrc c à _ npãvgk_ kcjfmp a_kglfm n_p_ _ clrpce_ bc bpme_q. A qmp m
_nãq m n_prm rs m ES à amldgÍtcj.
7. D
Tk_ bmqc bc t_qmnpcqqgl_ bc 40 slgb_bcq nmbc qcp sq_bm ck jse_p b_ npgkcgp_ ms qceslb_ bmqc bc cnglcdpgl_. A cnglcdpgl_
à b_b_ bc 3 _ 5 kglsrmq _nãq _ êjrgk_ bmqc bc t_qmnpcqqgl_, qc sk t_qmamlqrpgrmp à ajglga_kclrc lcacqqÍpgm.
8. Tk
N m hcrgtm npgkÍpgm lm rp_r_kclrm bc r_osga_pbg_ qglsq_j à bcrcpkgl_p _ a_sq_ qs h_aclrc. bcagqécq bc rp_r_kclrm
_bcos_bm nmbc clr m qcp dcgr_.
9. B
Eqrc glbgtâbsm à qglrmkÍrgam amk fgnmrclq m c bmp lm ncgrm. Abclmqgl_ nmbcpg_ qcp amlqgbcp_b_ qc m _acqqm IU hÍ
cqrÍ ck tgemp, clos_lrm osc _ npcn_p_ m à dcgr_ n_p_ a_pbgmtcpq m. k_qq_eck a_pãrgb_ nmbc a_sq_p
amknjga_ écq lm glbgtâbsm gbmqm.
10. C
cqrgksj_ m rp_lqasrÓlc_ à glbga_bm n_p_ Lm grx Sgnm II qceslbm jmam ep_s AU, jmoscgm AU bc rcpacgpm ep_s, c
p_bga_pbg_ amk pgrkm bc cqa_nc tclrpgasj_p qglrmkÍrga_.
11. C
A rcp_ng_ rpmk mjârga_ à amlrp_-glbga_b_ ck ep_lbcq _agbclrcq t_qasj_pcq acpc p_gq osc cltmjtck k_gq bm osc sk rcp m bc sk fckgqdàpgm acpc p_j.
12. D
Ejceg gjgb_bc n_p_ rcp_ng_ rpmk mjârga_ bcnclbc b_ ànma_ bm glâagm bmq qglrmk_q. Aq mpgclr_ écq _ars_gq qsnmpr_k _
_bkglgqrp_ m bc rOA n_p_ glbgtâbsmq cjceâtcgq amk m glâagm bmq qglrmk_q bc rpáq fmp_q ms kclmq. glbgtâbsm qcjcagml_bm
nmbc qcp cjceâtcj _rà 4,5 fmp_q bm glâagm.
13. Ucpb_bcgpm
N AUC à sk_ ckcpeálag_ lcspmjãega_ c _t_jg_ m pÍngb_ cm rp_r_kclrm nmbc kcjfmp_p mq pcqsjr_bmq. N k_lrp_ üN
rcknm à aàpc pm bctck qcp sq_bmq ú_osg.

>AJQ
DSLB>KCLRMQ
npmlrm pcamlfcagkclrm c glrcptcl m amk QCO bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc à dslb_kclr_j ck os_joscp
qgrs_ m bc npgq m.
Opcn_p_p kclr_jkclrc n_p_ pc_lgk_ m kcbgb_ osc qc _npmvgk_ _ acl_ c bm glbgtâbsm.
qcesp_l _ acl_ à apârga_; l m m rcp-qc dcpgbm.
B R dmam à QCO npcamac c bcqdg pgj_ m npcamac.
M m rclrc amjma_p sk_ tg_ _àpc_ mpmd_pâlec_ ck sk glbgtâbsm _ampb_bm.
Osvc m oscgvm n_p_ bclrpm b_ kÍqa_p_; l m cknsppc _ kÍqa_p_ n_p_ m pmqrm, nmgq nmbc dcaf_p _q tg_q _àpc_q.
IU ms IN q m _ tg_ npcdcpgb_ n_p_ _ clrpce_ bc bpme_q; _ qmp m rs m clbmrp_osc_j à gknpctgqâtcj.
A bmqc bc _kgmb_pml_ à bgdcpclrc n_p_ FU c SU amk sk nsjqm.
Qcrmk_p _q amknpcqqécq rmpÍaga_q gkcbg_r_kclrc _nãq clrpce_p sk afmosc.
A fgnmrcpkg_ rcp_násrga_ à srgjgx_b_ _nãq m pcrmplm b_ agpasj_ m cqnmlrÓlc_.
R_g _ pgrkmq a_pbâ_amq cqncaâdgamq: r_osga_pbg_ qglsq_j, RUS, dg pgj_ m _rpg_j / djsrrcp, UF, US, rmpq_bcq bc
nmglrcq, c _qqgqrmjg_.
Cmldgpk_p _qqgqrmjg_ ck bmgq a_ mq qcn_p_bmq.
FU c SU qck nsjqm q m rp_r_bmq b_ kcqk_: _njga_p sk afmosc.
ck pc-qc _q a_sq_q b_ OEA: bm H c bm S bc.

C_nlmep_dg_ à sk_ dcpp_kclr_ t_jgmq_ l_ pc_lgk_ m. Rc OESCN2 à k_gmp bm osc 10, rclr_p kcjfmp_p _ os_jgb_bc bm COQ.
Tqc lgrpmejgacpgl_ amk npca_s m ck glbgtâbsmq amk cld_prc bm kgmaÍpbgm gldcpgmp; ctgr_p, qc _ npcqq m q_lesâlc_
qgqrãjga_ (RBO) à gldcpgmp _ 90 _ 100, ms qc _ rmk_p kcbga_ m n_p_ _ bgqdsl m cpàargj (glg gbmpcq b_ dmqdmbgcqrcp_qc)
bclrpm bc 24 fmp_q.
Cmldsq m, lÍsqc_q c tçkgrmq nmbc cqr_p _npcqclr_lbm qgl_gq bc sk _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j.
> > Fcpp_kclr_q _bgagml_gq: Mcvr

DCPP>KCLR>Q
>BGAGML>GQ
KCBGAMBC
Cmk LcbgCmbc, tmaá hÍ l m rcpÍ osc jct_p sk amlhslrm bc a_pr_q cvn_lqâtcgq amk tmaá ck rmbmq mq kmkclrmq,
clos_lrm lm rp_ _jfm. Umaá lsla_ rcpÍ osc ncpbcp rcknm t_jgmqm ck qgrs_ m bc ckcpeálag_ ncqosgq_p _rp_tàq bc
tÍpgmq _jempgrkmq _rà clamlrp_p m a_kglfm acprm. Smbmq mq _jempgrkmq q m _emp_ _acqqâtcj _ n_prgp b_ n_jk_ b_ qs_
k m, c tmaá cqr_pÍ qcjcagml_lbm m _jempgrkm bcqch_bm ncj_ kckãpg_ ck lclfsk kmkclrm. Eqamjfcp clrpc tÍpg_q
mn écq bc tgqs_jgx_ m c d_agjkclrc amkn_prgjf_p _jempgrkmq amk amjce_q bc rp_ _jfm c _kgemq _rp_tàq bc c-k_gj c
kâbg_q qmag_gq.
O_p_ kcjfmp_p _ dslagml_jgb_bc c p_ngbcx l_ m rcl m bc qcs _jempgrkm bcqch_bm r m p_ngb_kclrc os_lrm nmqqâtcj
ck a_qm bc ckcpeálag_, cjcq dmp_k bgtgbgbmq clrpc B R, AC R, OA R c COQ. Smbmq q m _acqqâtcgq _ n_prgp b_ rcj_
glgag_j. Nq _jempgrkmq glbgtgbs_gq glajsâb_q bclrpm bcqr_ _njga_ m q m:
Rsnmprc BÍqgam bc Ugb_ (B R)

Rsnmprc bc Ugb_ C_pbâ_am At_l _bm (AC R)
Ocbg_rpga Abt_lacb gdc Rsnnmpr (OA R)
Qcqqsqagr_ m a_pbgmnsjkml_p (QCO) AED c Opgkcgpmq Rmamppmq
ACPR>JCPR )
CcprAjcpr + à m _njga_rgtm ncpdcgrm n_p_ kglgkgx_p _ Ípc_ nmrclag_j bc qrpcqq c bgqrp_ m ck qs_ tgb_. Cmk
CcprAjcpr +, tmaá rcpÍ rmb_q _q qs_q jgacl _q c acprgdga_ écq ck sk qã jse_p _ os_joscp fmp_ osc tmaá npcagq_p
bcjcq. U_kmq _amkn_lf_p c jck pÍ-jm os_lbm _ qs_ b_r_ bc tclagkclrm qc _npmvgk_, c lãq t_kmq _hsbÍ-jm
amk _ qs_ glqapg m qcknpc osc nmqqâtcj. Cmk CcprAjcpr +, tmaá nmbc:
Cmkngj_p rmb_q _q jgacl _q c acprgdga_ écq cvgegb_q ck sk êlgam jma_j.

Sgp_p dmrmq (dpclrc c tcpqm) bc a_précq bc acprgdga_ m c jgacl _q n_p_ qgknjcq pcdcpálag_.
Gp_tc rmb_q _q b_r_q bc tclagkclrm c _pk_xcl_p amk d_agjgb_bc.
Eqamjf_ os_lbm tmaá oscp qcp jck p_bm bc qs_q b_r_q bc cvngp_ m qc _npmvgk_lbm.
Eltg_p rmb_q _q gldmpk_ écq bc jgacl _ ms bc acprgdga_ m bgpcr_kclrc n_p_ m qcs c-k_gj bcnmgq bc cvnmpr_p _ n_prgp
bm _njga_rgtm.
_acqqm pÍngbm _ pcegqr_p d_agjkclrc n_p_ mq aspqmq bc acprgdga_ mc

pcacprgdga_ m ml-jglc.

NCPESLR>Q BC PCTGQzM >AJQ
1. R m glajsâbmq l_ Ocqosgq_ AC R:
sk_. Ug_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, agpasj_ m, Dg_elãqrgam Dgdcpclag_j

. Ug_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, agpasj_ m, Dcqdg pgj_ m
a. At_jg_ m, pcqngp_ m, agpasj_ m, Dcqdg pgj_ m
b. Ug_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, COQ, Dg_elãqrgam Dgdcpclag_j
2. N dmam npglagn_j ck n_p_b_ a_pbâ_a_ à:
sk_. COQ cdga_x

. bcqdg pgj_ m npcamac
a. Abkglgqrp_ m bc Dpme_q
b. Ak mq _ c B
3. Ps_j bmq qcesglrcq l m à sk cvcknjm bc sk_ b_q tg_q _àpc_q _t_l _b_q?
sk_. tg_ _àpc_ mpmd_pâlec_

. rs m cqmdÍegam-rp_osc_j
a. kÍqa_p_ j_pâlec_
b. Cmk grs c
4. A qcesgp, q m nmqqâtcgq cdcgrmq b_ fgncptclrgj_ m:
sk_. npcqq m glrp_rmpÍaga_ _skclr_b_

. pcrmplm tclmqm bgkglsgs n_p_ m amp_ m
a. Ak mq _ c B
b. Mclfsk_ b_q _agk_
5. N pgrkm qglsq_j lmpk_j bm amp_ m amkc _ lm:
sk_. Uclrpâasjm cqoscpbm
. lãbsjm _rpgmtclrpgasj_p
a. lã qglsq_j
b. Uclrpâasjm bgpcgrm
6. Ps_j à _ QCO bc _jr_ os_jgb_bc?
sk_. 80 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc, ncjm kclmq, sk_ nmjce_b_
. 100 _ 120 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc clrpc 2 c 2,4 nmjce_b_q (5 ak _ 6 ak)
a. 80 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc ncjm kclmq bs_q nmjce_b_q
b. 100 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc, ncjm kclmq, sk_ nmjce_b_
7. Alrcq b_ amjma_ m bc sk_ tg_ _àpc_ _prgdgag_j, _ amknpcqq m _ npmnmp m bc tclrgj_ m bsp_lrc _ QCO à:
sk_. 30: 1
. 30: 2
a. 15: 1
b. 20: 2

8. Umaá qfmsjb ck sk glbgtâbsm amk dg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p gkcbg_r_kclrc _nãq sk afmosc.
sk_. pcrmk_p COQ

. Ucpgdgosc _ r_v_ bc amp_ m
a. _l_jgq_p m pgrkm
b. Dá _kgmb_pml_
9. hmsjcq (J) q m _npcqclr_b_q nmp afmosc os_lbm qc srgjgx_ sk bcqdg pgj_bmp kmlmdÍqgam.
sk_. 15: 1
. 15: 2
a. 30: 1
b. 30: 2
10. A qcesgp kcbga_kclrm (q) nmbc qcp sq_bm n_p_ rp_r_p _ fgnmrclq m bsp_lrc _ d_qc bc a_nrsp_ nãq-a_pbâ_a_:
sk_. bmn_kgl_
. kgjpglml_
a. _kgmb_pml_
b. Ak mq _ c B
11. N qcesglrc bpme_ (q) _lrg-_ppârkga_ nmbc qcp srgjgx_bm n_p_ _ dg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p ncpqgqrclrc ms r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p
qck nsjqm, cvacnrm:
sk_. _kgmb_pml_
. jgbma_âl_
a. Arpmngl_
b. Ak mq _ c B
12. Ps_j b_q qcesglrcq l m à sk_ a_sq_ nmrclag_j b_ OEA?
sk_. rmvgl_q
. fgncpa_jckg_
a. fgncptclrgj_ m
b. Sp_sk_
13. Ps_j bmq qcesglrcq à sk pgrkm n_qqâtcj bc afmosc?
sk_. Fg pgj_ m tclrpgasj_p

. A r_osga_pbg_ tclrpgasj_p (qck nsjqm)
a. Smpq_bcq bc nmglrcq
b. Ssbm _agk_
14. Psc RAUC bpme_ (q) l m nmbc qcp bcrcpkgl_bm _rp_tàq bm rs m clbmrp_osc_j?
sk_. l_jmvml_
. Arpmngl_
a. A t_qmnpcqqgl_
b. _kgmb_pml_
15. N qcesglrc bpme_ (q) nmbc qcp sq_bm ck sk glbgtâbsm ACR nmp pcncpdsq m a_pbâ_a_:
sk_. A rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_

. Englcdpgl_
a. Arpmngl_
b. S_lrm A c C

16. Smb_q _q qcesglrcq q m pgrkmq p_bga_pbg_, cvacrm:
sk_. Fg pgj_ m _rpg_j

. jmoscgm a_pbâ_am bc npgkcgpm ep_s
a. Lm grx rgnm I
b. jmoscgm a_pbâ_am bc rcpacgpm ep_s
17. _acqqm à m npcdcpgbm l_ npgq m bctgbm _m dÍagj _acqqm c qck glrcppsn m lm COQ.
sk_. Cclrp_j
. Ocpgdàpgam
a. Ilqrp_mqqcmsq
b. Elbmrp_osc_j
18. Ps_j b_q qcesglrcq à _ npgkcgp_ jglf_ bc rp_r_kclrm n_p_ ACR?
sk_. Lmpdgl_
. Aqngpgl_
a. Mgrpmejgacpgl_
b. Ssbm _agk_
19. A qcesgp, q m qgl_gq ajÍqqgamq bc sk _agbclrc t_qasj_p acpc p_j _esbm, cvacnrm:
sk_. bpmmn d_ag_j

. p_ m bcpgt_
a. bgqaspqm _lmpk_j
b. Ssbm _agk_
20. Ps_j bmq qcesglrcq l m à clamlrp_bm bclrpm bm 8 D'q bc asgb_bmq bc AUC?
sk_. Dcrca m
. Dcqn_afm
a. Elrpce_
b. bcqdg pgj_p
PCQNMQR>Q
1. A
Ug_q _àpc_q, pcqngp_ m, agpasj_ m, Dg_elãqrgam Dgdcpclag_j
2. D
Ak mq _ c B
3. A
tg_ _àpc_ mpmd_pâlec_
4. C
Ak mq _ c B
5. C
lã qglsq_j
6. B
100 _ 120 amknpcqqécq nmp kglsrm _ sk_ npmdslbgb_bc bc 2 _ 2,4 nmjce_b_q (5 ak _ 6 ak)
7. B 30: 2

PCQNMQR>Q lkqfkrlr
8. Tk
pcrmk_p COQ
9. D
360
10. A bmn_kgl_
11. D
Ak mq _ c B
12. C
fgncptclrgj_ m
13. D
Ssbm _agk_
14. D
_kgmb_pml_
15. A
A rcp_ng_ dg pglmjârga_
16. A
Fg pgj_ m _rpg_j
17. B ncpgdàpga_
18. D
Ssbm _agk_
19. D.
Ssbm _agk_
20. D bcqdg pgj_p


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