1 - GRAPHICS

AND
MEDIA IN
EDUCATION
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 GRAPHICS AND MEDIA IN EDUCATION
What is graphic ?

1. Comes from the Greek word “ graphikos ”

2. Means communicating with :-

• Words ( Verbal Communication )

• Pictures ( Pictorial Communication)
• Words and pictures together

3. To communicate we need media as tools or

channels of communication

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GRAPHICS AND MEDIA IN EDUCATION

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MULTIMEDIA DEFINED
• An audio – visual representation of
information, integrating various
media elements

ANIMATION GRAPHICS

INTERACTIVITY

SOUND TEXTS VIDEO

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 Why Media In Teaching and Learning ?

Communicating effectively is often difficult,

whether in a class, a meeting or face to face.
Communicating effectively with spoken words
alone is even more difficult. Statistics show
that when words alone are used, an estimated
90% of the message is misinterpreted or entirely
forgotten. But when interesting visuals
accompany and reinforce the words, retention
increases five times. That’s why media are an
interesting part of virtually every training
session or class.
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Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience

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 KITA INGAT ..
• 20% daripada apa yang kita DENGAR

• 30% daripada apa yang kita LIHAT

• 50% daripada apa yang kita LIHAT dan

DENGAR
• 80% daripada apa yang kita CAKAP

• 90% daripada apa yang kita CAKAP dan

BUAT 7
Sebuah pepatah berbunyi ..

“ Saya dengar, saya lupa;

I hear, I forget;
Saya lihat, saya ingat;
I see, I remember;
Saya buat, saya faham.
I do, I understand. ”
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 PENCAMARAN GRAFIK
• Letters which are inappropriate and
difficult to read
• Use of irrelevant colours
• Visual elements which are overcrowded
and complex
• Illustrations are not clear and visible
• Use of graphics ( tones, lines, shapes,
symbols, textures, patterns ) which are
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A : DESIGNING VISUALS

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 A : DESIGNING VISUALS
1. Effective visuals must be planned and
designed to our :-
• Audience
• Objective of the presentation

2. Other factors to be considered are :-

• Concept - overall look of your
visual
• Design - principles used in
designing visuals
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 A : DESIGNING VISUALS
2. Other factors to be considered are :-
• Layout - arrangement of words
and pictures
• Illustration - suitability of
pictures for age groups
• Typography - suitability of letters
for intended purpose
• Colour - relevancy of colours
used in a media

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES
FOR VISUALS

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

1. 6 basic principles of design to be

considered are :-

• Simple – visual elements visible,

clear and concise
• One idea one visual or slide

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

The three 3 golden rules

of effective visuals are :-

• Keep it simple
• Keep it simple
• Keep it simple
Claire Raines, 1978
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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

• Space – Leave a lot of

space around by
grouping things together

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

• Unity – Keep it organized.

Line things up at the left
hand side of the frame.
Reorganize and line up.

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

• Flow – Create a path for the

eye. Organize most important
element to least important,
from left to right and top to
bottom. Use arrows, borders,
lines, overlapping words and
other elements.

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SHAPES

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

• Contrast – Make something

dorminant. Show key
element immediately.
E.g. boldest, brightest,
biggest or most colourful )

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 SHAPES

CONTRAST

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B : DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALS

• Balance – Create space

balance in an interesting
way. Experiment with
different divisions of space
into formal or informal
balance.

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