1.0.

DEFINITION OF EMPLOYMENT

Employment is an agreement between two parties, which is an

employer with an employee. The employee will provide certain services of a
job, usually based on a contract where work is paid for. The terms applies to
an employer who is hired for a salary or fee to perform a work. Employment
also mean a specific sustained activity engaged especially in one’s living.

In employment, agreement ensures that the work will take place in

the specified office of the employer, which may be from the home of
telecommuter. The work is designed to accomplish organization’s goals and
missions. The worker also receives payment in return for the work done.
For an individual employee, an employment agreement can be a verbal
exchange, written email or letter of job offer. The offer of employment can
be implied in an interview or written in a formal, of official employment
contract.

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2.0. CURRENT SITUATION IN MALAYSIA

In Malaysia, employed persons means an individual which required a

minimum of age that needed to work for business in a certain time.

Malaysia Last Previous Highest Lowest Unit

Labour
Employed 15229.90 15185.80 15229.90 5624.60 Thousand
Unemployed 521.40 520.20 534.70 210.50 Thousand

Table 1

Table 1 shown the number of Malaysia Labour in year 2019.

According to the table, the highest number that have been collected is
15229.90 thousand units may be found in employed persons compared to
534.70 thousand units of unemployed. This trend reflects the participation
of employed persons in employment sector is increase in each month of year
2019.

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3.0. THE TREND FOR LAST FIVE YEARS UNTIL CURRENT

Based on the graph in 2013, the statistic of employment for female is

50.80% while for the male, is 78.60%.

Next, in 2014 the statistic for female increased which makes is 51.90%
while for the male is 78.40%

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 Meanwhile in 2015, the percentage of female employment continue to
increase which make it 52.30% and the male decreased to 78.30%.

In 2016, the percentage of female employment decreased a bit as

52.20% and the male decreased as well as 77.70%.

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 Lastly, in 2017, the percentage for female employment is 52.80% and
male employment percentage is 77.40%.

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4.0. TYPES OF EMPLOYMENT

4.1. Employer
A person who operates a business, a plantation or any trade
and employs one or more workers to help him to manage all work.

4.2. Government Employee

A person who works for a public sector, Government include
Ministries/Government Department, Statutorial Bodies, Arm Forces and
Local Authority Areas. Their finance and administration are under the
Government’s Supervision.

4.3. Private Employee

A person who works for a private employer and receives regular
compensation in wages, salary, commission, tips and payment in kind.
Non-Government or known as Private sector include individuals,
establishments or companies that operate other than under the
Government category. Their finances and human resources are free to
administer. Government also linked some companies such as MAS,
KTMB and Telekom Malaysia Berhad to holds their certain amount of
shares. Even though these companies are owned by the Government,
but they have to autonomy in finance and human resources
administration.

4.4. Self-Employed
A person who operates their own business or trade without
employing any paid workers to help him to manage all works.

4.5. Unpaid Family Worker

A person who works without any payment or salary for a
business or trade that operated by other family member.

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5.0. CAUSES OF EMPLOYMENT

5.1. Have Work Experience

Nowadays, people who are graduated from university choose to
work as a part-timer. Most of the organizations in our country, they
would like to prefer those who have a work experience before rather
than the one who is without any experience. These types of works are
actually where the basic salary comes. This happened because they
believed that most of the organizations want to find an employee that
have a work experience before. According to the graphs, from the year
2013 to 2017, male employers are more than female because the types
of work that one organizations provided are need most of man’s power.

5.2. Have a Social and Communication Skills

People usually went out to find a job that have interview for them
before work as an employment in one organization. This happened
because most of the people are graduate from university. They already
learned about communication skills and confidence throughout
presentations and deliver a speech. Comparing to the graph on 2017
and 2016, female employers are getting higher because the advance of
their knowledge in communication skills while the percentage of male
employers are decreased because of lack communication skills.

5.3. Many Job Opportunity Available

Throughout this modern era, the job opportunity has increased
because the addition of new industries and organizations that need
some worker to perform a work. Other than that, they are also many
factory that has been opened to produce new things and it requires
more force needed. People can easily searching for a job because they
also put some advertisement in order to attract people based on the
requirements. According to the graph on 2013 to 2017, it shows that
female employers are higher than male because the requirements in
one organization are mostly provided especially to the female. It is
because of the female is more attract by the boss and their knowledge
are basically higher than the male. For example, they can make the
work efficiently.

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6.0. EFFECTS OF EMPLOYMENT

6.1. Individual
The effect of employment on individuals is earn a wage reward.
Next, increased earnings, the power of buying individuals can buy more
items, maximum individual satisfaction. Demand on the market
increased. The standard of living has increased. Encourage individual
saving and creating savings. Encourage individual saving can be used
for unexpected purposes like emergency case, to cover unexpected
expenses, illnesses and accidents. Funding a education and enjoy
durable goods prices at a lower price when buying in cash. Beside that,
individuals can saving the money in bank and make an investment.
Then, can avoid debt, avoiding waste and spendthrift practices. When
individu have job it can give them the opportunity to gain knowledge
and experience. Individual can also purchase fixed assets, can buy
durable goods and needs items. Individuals can survive if they work
and pay a wage reward. Other than that, to meet the ambition of
travelling abroad.

6.2. Family
Upgrading of family's finances. The family is happy and
harmonious as there is no burden of debt and sufficient money. Able
to give all family needs. Able to save for the child to further their studies
at the Institute of Higher Learning which is IPTA or IPTS. Childcare
education. Can avoid housing issues. Can buy nutritious foods for
families. Able to maximize family satisfaction.

6.3. Economy
National economy has increased. Government revenue
increased. Government can revenue by charge taxes to employees
who work. This will increase the country's income and the government
can control the difference gap between rich and poor people. The
government can also distribute taxes paid by taxpayers for poor and
non-fortunate persons. The number of unemployment people reduced,
can carry out all development work. Proceeds from tax imposed by the
government may redistribute through zakat. Government can maximise
social welfare.

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7.0. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we all know that most people nowadays have a job

because they want to fill all their needs to survive. This is shown that the
increasing percentage of rate employers in Malaysia is more to women rather
than men from year to year. It is because every people can do the work without
a specific gender needed. The government also encourage the young people
to involve in employment. This thing also cause the rate of employment in
Malaysia keep increasing.

The increasing of the employment rate also make our economy to

increase. We can improve our economy better than before. From this case, it
can make our country on the same level with others successful country. When
this happen, it can make the money rate goes up and our economy are increase
also it can produce more factory and machines. This can lead to a job
opportunity increase.