Lesson 20; To Only Do, To Also Do

In lesson 14 we have learned how to create the meaning of ‘also’ and ‘too’ by adding a particle to a
noun. In this lesson we are going to learn how to add these particles to verbs. We’re also going to
learn two bonus grammar points in this lesson.

Vocabulary
흐르다 to flow, to float 가끔 sometimes
알다 to know 울다 to cry
멈추다 to stop 웃다 to laugh
대답하다 to answer 주말 weekend
요리하다 to cook 똑똑하다 to be smart
놀다 to hang out, to play 새 bird
걱정하다 to worry 날다 to fly
신경 쓰다 to be concerned 걷다 to walk
조용히 quietly 부작용 side effects
피곤하다 to be tired 생기다 to happen
하루종일 all day long 양파 onion
매일 every day 끊이다 to boil
노래 song 얘 he, that kid
듣다 to listen 이상하다 to be weird
아무것도 nothing, not anything 취미 hobby
이모 aunt 미치다 to be crazy
보내다 to send 생일 birthday
게으른 놈 lazy ass 행복하다 to be happy
말다툼 argument 슬프다 to be sad
그만하다 to stop doing 굶다 to starve, to skip a meal
물어보다 to ask 그렇다 to be like that
나가다 to go out
쉬다 to rest
사과하다 to apologize
수상하다 to be awarded
가르치다 to teach
크다 to be big
To Only Do
We have learned how to create the meaning of ‘only’ by adding the particle ~만 to a noun. In order
to add this meaning to a verb, you can’t just add the particle after the verb; you have to make a few
changes.

In order to be able to add ~만 to a verb, you have to change that verb into a noun like we have
learned in lesson 19.

This is the standard rule;

V~기만 하다

For example;
흐르다 turn into a noun; 흐르기 and then; 흐르기만 하다 which means ‘to only flow’.

알다 turn into a noun; 알기 and then; 알기만 하다 which means ‘to only know’.

멈추다 turn into a noun; 멈추기 and then; 멈추기만 하다 which means ‘to only stop’.

But that’s not all. For most verbs that end in ~하다, there is a different rule to it. As most verbs that
end in ~하다 are already made up of a noun + ~하다. What you have to do is separate the noun part
from the ~하다 and add ~만 to the noun.

This rule is;

N~만 하다

For example;
말하다 take the noun part; 말 and then; 말만 하다 which means ‘to only talk’.

대답하다 take the noun part; 대답 and then; 대답만 하다 which means ‘to only answer’.

요리하다 take the noun part; 요리 and then; 요리만 하다 which means ‘to only cook’.
Let’s look at some examples;
어제는 놀기만 했어요.
I did nothing else but play yesterday.
I only played yesterday.

걱정하지 마요. 보기만 할 거예요.

Don’t worry. I will only look. (not touch)

아이고 너무 신경 써 보여요. 오늘은 먹기만 했어요.

You look overly concerned. You did nothing else but eat today.
You look overly concerned. You only ate today.

그는 조용히 먹기만 했어요.

He just ate quietly.
He did nothing but eat quietly.

너무너무 피곤했어서 오늘 하루종일 자기만 했어요.

I was so so tired, I did nothing but sleep all day long.

매일 스트레이 키즈의 노래들을 듣기만 해요.

Everyday, I’m just listening to Stray Kids’ songs.
Everyday, (I’m not doing anything else than) I only listen to Stray Kids’ songs.

너무 많이 숙제를 있어서 공부만 했어요.

I have so much homework, I do nothing but studying.
All You Have To Do Is …
Now that we’ve learned ~기만 하다, let’s learn a new grammar point using this form.
The grammar point I’m talking about is; ~기만 하면 되다 and it means ‘all you have to do is …’.
This grammar point is made out of the grammar point ~기만 하다 (to only do) and the grammar
point ~(으)면 되다 (it’s alright if) or (lit. if you do …, it works).
Both grammar points together literally means that the speaker only needs to be satisfied with one
thing he or she wants.

The grammar point for ‘all you have to do is …’;

V~기만 하면 되다

Let’s look at some examples;

아무것도 말하지 말고 그냥 오기만 하면 돼요.
You don’t have to say anything, all you have to do is just come.

이걸 이모에게 보내기만 하면 돼요. 알겠어요?

All you have to do is bring this to your aunt. Do you understand?

야 게으른 놈아 말다툼을 그만해라 책을 한 관 읽기만 하면 돼...

Hey, lazy bastard, stop arguing. All you have to do is read ONE book…

물어보기만 하면 돼요.
All you have to do is ask.

신경 쓰지마세요. 다 괜찮을 거예요. 예쁘기만 하면 돼요.

Please, don’t be nervous. Everything will be alright. All you have to do is be pretty.

네 괜찮아요. 나가기만 하면 돼요.

Yes, I’m fine. I just have to go outside.
To Also Do
We have learned how to create the meaning of ‘also’ by adding the particle ~도 to a noun. This
grammar point can mean ‘to sometimes do …’ too. Just like ~만, in order to add this meaning to a
verb, you can’t just add the particle after the verb; you have to make a few changes.

In order to be able to add ~도 to a verb, you have to change that verb into a noun like we have
learned in lesson 19.

This is the standard rule;

V~기도 하다

For example;
배우다 turn into a noun; 배우기 and then; 배우기도 하다 which means ‘to also learn’.

살다 turn into a noun; 살기 and then; 살기도 하다 which means ‘to also live’.

쉬다 turn into a noun; 쉬기 and then; 쉬기도 하다 which means ‘to also rest’.

But that’s not all. For most verbs that end in ~하다, there is a different rule to it. As most verbs that
end in ~하다 are already made up of a noun + ~하다. What you have to do is separate the noun part
from the ~하다 and add ~도 to the noun.

The rule is;

N~도 하다

For example;
공부하다 take the noun part; 공부 and then; 공부도 하다 which means ‘to also study’.

사과하다 take the noun part; 사과 and then; 사과도 하다 which means ‘to also apologize’.

수상하다 take the noun part; 수상 and then; 수상도 하다 which means ‘to also be awarded’.
Let’s look at some examples;
저는 한국어를 가르치기도 해요.
(Among the other things I do) I also teach Korean.

저는 크게 웃을 때 가끔 울기도 해요.
Sometimes, when I laugh hard, I also cry.

주말에는 공부하기도 할 거예요.

In the weekend (among the other things I will do) I am going to study too.

제 누나는 너무 똑똑해요. 그리고 예쁘기도 해요.

My sister is very smart and she’s also pretty.

오늘은 학교에 가기도 했어요.

(Among the other things I did today) today, I also went to school.

새는 날지만 걷기도 해요.

Birds fly, but they walk too.
Birds fly, but they walk as well.
Birds fly, but sometimes they walk

부작용이 생기기도 할 수 있어요.

It can also cause side effects.
Sometimes Verb A, Sometimes Verb B
Now that we’ve learned ~기도 하다, let’s learn a new grammar point using this form.
The grammar point I’m talking about is; ~기도 하고 ~기도 하다 and it means ‘sometimes verb A,
sometimes verb B’ or ‘it’s verb A and verb B at the same time’.
This grammar point is made out of the grammar point ~기도 하다 (to also do) and the grammar
point ~고 (sentence connector ‘and’ or ‘and then’).
Both grammar points together are used to list two or more acts or states or when the first and
second sentences have conflicting meanings.

The grammar point for ‘sometimes verb A, sometimes verb B’;

V~기도 하고 V~기도 하다

Let’s look at some examples;

양파를 썰기도 하고 물을 끓이기도 했어요.
I chopped the onions as well as boiled the water.

그 얘는 너무 이상하기도 하고 취미를 너무 미치기도 해요.

He’s very weird as well as has crazy hobbies.

숙제를 좋아하기도 하고 싫어하기도 해요.

Sometimes I like homework, sometimes I hate homework.
I like and hate homework at the same time.

오늘 생일은 행복하기도 하고 슬프기도 했어요.

Today, my birthday was both happy and sad at the same time.

아침은 먹기도 하고 굶기도 해요.

Sometimes I eat breakfast, sometimes I starve.

그 노래는 좋기도 하고 나쁘기도 해요.

That song is both good and bad at the same time.

이건 맵기도 하고 달기도 해요.

This is spicy and sweet at the same time.

그렇기도 하고 그렇지 않기도 해요.

It is so, but at the same time it’s not so.