Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pucz Sierpniowy Jako Próba Zachowania Jedności ZSRR I Jego Konsekwencje
Pucz Sierpniowy Jako Próba Zachowania Jedności ZSRR I Jego Konsekwencje
Anna
Anna JACH
JACH
Uniwersytet
Uniwersytet Jagiellonski
Jagielloński
PUCZ
PUCZ SIERPNIOWY
SIERPNIOWY JAKO
JAKO PROBA
PRÓBAZACHOW
ZACHO
JEDNOŚCI ZSRR
JEDNOSCI ZSRRI IJEGO
JEGOKONSEKWENCJE
KONSEKWENC
mmi The
The coup
coup of
of August
August 1991, according
according to
to opinion
opinion ofits
of its or
orga
to keep
keep unity
unity of
of the
the Soviet
Soviet Union.
Union.In
Infact
factthe
thefailure
failureof
oft
process
process of
of desintegration
désintégration of
of the
the U.S.S.R.
U.S.S.R.It
Itturned
turnedout
outthat
th
party,
party, KGB
KGB and
and army
army were
were not
not able
ableor
orhad
hadno
nointerest
interestin
in
at restoration
restoration of
of former
former order
order outright.
outright.This
Thisevident
évidentinsu
ins
soldiers,
soldiers, KGB
KGB and
and party
party was
was the
the symbol
symbolof
ofchanges
changesin
inme
m
Economic
Economie transformations
transformations had
had aa great
greatinfluence
influencenot
notonly
onl
economic
économie situation
situation in
in Russia,
Russia, but
but they
theyaffected
affectedseriously
seriouslyl
family.
family. During
During events
events in
in August
August 1991
1991Russians
Russianshad
hadan
anoppor
oppo
their
their own
own political
political views
views without
withoutfear
fearof
ofrepressions.
repressions.In
Inthe
th
against
against the
the coup
coup d'etat,
d'état, its
its organizators
organizatorshad
hadno
noeffective
effectivep
from
from public
public opinion.
opinion. Moreover
Moreover Mikhail
MikhailGorbachev's
Gorbachev's(the
(thep
refusal
refusai to
to endorse
endorse aa declaration
déclaration of
ofaastate
stateof
ofemergency
emergencydi
d
any chance
chance and
and possibility
possibility for
for legitimization
legitimizationof
oftheir
theiractio
act
Finally,
Finally, strong
strong negative
négative attitude
attitude to
tothe
thecoup
coupd'etat
d'étatrep
re
Federation
Fédération leaders,
leaders, especially
especially by
by President
Présidentof
ofthe
theRussia
Russ
caused
caused defeat
defeat of
of the
the putsch.
putsch.
In conclusion
conclusion the
the author
author of
of the
the article
articleclaims
claimsthat
thatcoup
cou
enemies
enemies of
of Gorbachev's
Gorbachev's perestroika
perestroïkapolicy
policyled
ledparadoxically
paradoxical
powers
powers in
in Russian
Russian society
society and
and collapse
collapseof
ofthe
theSoviet
SovietUn
Un
W
Wdniu
dniukowy,
20
20 sierpnia
sierpnia
który 1991
1991
ktory miał
mial r.
r. w
w dotychczas
zastqpic
zastąpić Moskwie
Moskwie obowiązujący
dotychczas miat
miał zostac
zostaćukład
obowi^zujqcy podpisany
uklad zz 1922 nowy
1922 r.r. układ
uklad zwi^z
Wynego
Wynego związ
cjowane warunki
cjowane warunkizakładały
zakladalyprzekształcenie
przeksztalcenieZwiązku
Zwi^zku Socjalistycznych
Socjalistycznych Republik
Republik
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
360 Anna Jach POLITEJA l(3)/2005
1 A. Stelmach, Zmiana i stabilność w systemie politycznym współczesnej Rosji, Poznań 2003, s. 48.
2 M. Dobbs, Precz z Wielkim Bratem. Upadek, imperium radzieckiego, Poznań 1992, s. 392.
3 GKCzP - Gosudarstwiennyj Komitiet po Czriezwyczajnomu Pofożenju.
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POLITE j A l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 361
5 Dokładną relację z tamtych wydarzeń podaje w swojej pracy Andriej Graczow, opierając si
wspomnieniach Anatolija Czerniajewa - osobistego doradcy Gorbaczowa ds. polityki zagranicz
(A. Graczow, Gorbaczow, Warszawa 2003, s. 373).
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
362 Anna Jach POL ÎTEJA 1(3)72005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POUTEJA 1(3)72005 Pucz sierpniowy... 363
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
364 Anna Jach ΡOUTEjA l(3)/2005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
P0L1TEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 365
15 T. Szul, Siły Zbrojne ZSRR w puczu moskiewskim 1991 roku, „Studia i Materiały CBW UW", z. 47,
s. 32-34.
16 J. Muszyński, Sierpniowy zamach stanu w Związku Radzieckim, „Studia i Materiały CBW UW",
z. 23, s. 18.
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
366 Anna Jach POLITEJA l(3)/2005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POLITEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 367
22 Tamże, s. 26.
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
368 Anna Jach F'QUTEJA 1(3)72005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POLîTEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 369
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
370 Anna Jach POL1TEJA l(3)/2005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POUTEJÂ l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 371
31 Tamże, s. 99.
32 Β. Jelcyn, Notatki..., s. 119.
33 Tamże, s. 100-101,
34 Tamże, s. 120.
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
372 Anna Jach POLITEJA l(3)/2005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POLiTEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 373
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
374 Anna Jach POLITEJA 1(3)72005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
PQLITEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 375
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
376 Anna Jach POLITEJA 1(3)72005
48 http://abcnet.com.pl/pl/darski/kraje/ukraina/zakar.htm.
49 W. Marciniak, Rozgrabione imperium..., s. 184.
50
M. Smoleń, Stracone dekady. Historia ZSRR 1917-1991, Kraków 1994, s. 391.
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
POLÎTEJA l(3)/2005 Pucz sierpniowy... 377
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
378 Anna Jach i'OLITF. JA l(3)/2005
This content downloaded from 149.156.234.28 on Fri, 16 Oct 2020 11:11:40 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms