DAM13601 ENGINEERING

LABORATORY
(STATIC)
Experiment: Friction On The Inclined Plane
• Experiment 1 : Angle Friction

●
Surface ●
Angle, Ɵ ●
Tan Ɵ
(0) ●

●
Metal to
metal
●
Wood to
wood
●
Plastic to
plastic
●
Metal to
rubber
Data
●
Surface ●
Angle, Ɵ (degree)
●

●
K1 ●
K2 ●
K3 ●
K4 ●
K5
●
Metal to metal ●
27.5 ●
26 ●
26 ●
17.5 ●
12.5

●
Wood to wood ●
12.5 ●
12 ●
13 ●
12.5 ●
16

●
Plastic to ●
15 ●
16 ●
15 ●
7.5 ●
7.5
plastic
●
Metal to rubber ●
42.5 ●
43 ●
40 ●
30 ●
45
Experiment: Friction On The Inclined Plane
• Experiment 2 : Sliding Friction

●
Surface ● Sled ●
Experimental ● Theoretical
mass, value value
(g) ●
Mass ● Force, ● Mass ● Force,
(g) P (N) (g) P (N)
●

●
Metal ● 265
to
metal
●
Wood ● 165
to
wood
●
Plastic ● 170
Data
●
Surface ●
Sled ●
Mass (g)
mass, ●
K1 ● K2 ●
K3 ●
K4 ●
K5
(g) ●

●
Metal to ●
265 ●
70 ●
65 ●
60 ●
50 ●
54
metal ●

●
Wood to ●
165 ●
30 ●
40 ●
48 ●
44 ●
42
wood
●
Plastic to ●
170 ●
20 ●
28 ●
30 ●
22 ●
28
plastic
●
Metal to ●
265 ●
280 ●
220 ●
260 ●
250 ●
270
rubber
Experiment: Principle of Moment
 Experiment: Principle of Moment

Parallel
force

●
Left hand (anticlockwise) ● Right hand (clockwise) ● Total ● Ratio

● m1 (g) ● F1 (N) ● d1, (m) ● M1, (Nm) ● m2 (g) ● F2 (N) ● d2, (m) ● M2 , ● M1- M2,
(Nm) (Nm)

●
Parallel forces
Oblique 200 0.16 0.16
● ●
  ● ●
  ●
  ●
  ● ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 
force
● 200 ●   ● 0.16 ●   ●   ●   ● 0.08 ●   ●   ●   ●  

● Oblique forces

●
200 ●
  ●
0.18 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
0.08 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 

●
200 ●
  ●
0.10 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
0.06 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 
 Data : Parallel force
●
Left hand ●
Right hand ●
Left hand ●
Right hand ●
Left hand ●
Right hand
(anticlockwise) (clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise)
● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m) ● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m) ● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m)
●
Parallel forces ●
Parallel forces ●
Parallel forces

●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 200 ●
0.16 ●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 200 ●
0.16 ●
200 ●
0.16 ●
200  ●
0.16

●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 410 ●
0.08 ●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 400 ●
0.08 ●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 390 ●
0.08

K1 K2 K3
Right hand
●
Left hand ●
Right hand
●
Left hand ●

(clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise)

(anticlockwise)
● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m)
● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m)

●
Parallel forces
●
Parallel forces

●
200 ●
0.16 ● 200  ●
0.16
●
200 ●
0.16 ●
200  ●
0.16

●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 400 ●
0.08
●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 410 ●
0.08

K4 K5
 Data : Oblique force
●
Left hand ● Right hand ●
Left hand ●
Right hand ●
Left hand ●
Right hand
(anticlockwise) (clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise)
● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m) ● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m) ● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m)
●
Oblique forces ●
Oblique forces ●
Oblique forces

●
200 ●
0.18 ●
 500 ●
0.08 ●
200 ●
0.18 ●
 510 ●
0.08 ●
200 ●
0.18 ●  520 ●
0.08
(320) (310) (320)
●
200 ●
0.10 ●
700 ●
0.06 ● 200 ● 0.16 ● 640 ● 0.06 ● 200 ● 0.16 ● 620 ● 0.06
(390) (390) (400)

K1 K2 K3
●
Left hand ● Right hand ●
Left hand ●
Right hand
(anticlockwise) (clockwise) (anticlockwise) (clockwise)
● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m) ● m1 (g) ● d1, (m) ● m2 (g) ● d2, (m)
●
Oblique forces ● Oblique forces

●
200 ●
0.18 ●
 500 ●
0.08 ●
200 ●
0.18 ●
 500 ●
0.08
(320) (320)
●
200 ●
0.16 ●
720 ●
0.06 ●
200 ●
0.16 ●
 500 ●
0.06
(260) (450)

K4 K5
 Experiment: Beam Reaction

• Aims
• To show the relation between the load on a beam and the force (reaction)
on it supports.
• To show that moment theory can help to predict the reaction force due to
the load at different position along the beam
 Apparatus and method : setup 1

●
Point Load Along the Beam (W = 400g)
● A ● B ● Measured ● Theoretical
R2 ●
(m) ●
(m) ● R1 ● R2 (N) ● R1 + R 2 ● R1 (N) ● R2 (N) ● R 1 + R2
B (N) (N) (N)
●
0 ●
0.36 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 3.924 ●
 0 ●
 
A ● 0.06 ● 0.30 ●   ●   ●   ●   ●   ●  
●
0.12 ●
0.24 ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 
● 0.18 ● 0.18 ●   ●   ●   ●   ●   ●  
R1
● 0.24 ● 0.12 ●   ●   ●   ●   ●   ●  

Note
A – Distance from R1 to weight hanger
Weight hanger B - Distance from R2 to weight hanger
The Distance from R1 to R2 is 0.36m.
 Data for setup 1
●
A ● B ● Measured Measured (K2) Measured (K3) Measured (K4) Measured (K5)
●
(m ●
(m (K1)
) ) ● R1 ● R2 ● R1 ● R2 ● R1 ● R2 ● R1 ● R2 ● R1 ● R2
(N) (N) (N) (N) (N) (N) (N) (N) (N) (N)

●
0 ●
0.3 ●
3.6 ●
0.4  ● 3.8 ● 0.2 ● 3.7 ● 0.3 ● 3.9 ● 0 ● 4.0 ● 0

6
●
0.0 ● 0.3 ●
 3.1 ●
0.7  ● 3.2 ● 0.5 ● 3.3 ● 0.5 ● 3.2 ● 0.6 ● 3.2 ● 0.6

6 0
●
0.1 ● 0.2 ●
 2.6 ●
1.4  ● 2.4 ● 1.6 ● 2.5 ● 1.5 ● 2.6 ● 1.3 ● 2.5 ● 1.6

2 4
●
0.1 ● 0.1 ●
2  ●
2  ● 2 ● 2 ● 1.9 ● 2.1 ● 2 ● 1.9 ● 2 ● 2

8 8
●
0.2 ● 0.1 ●
1.4  ●
2.6  ● 1.5 ● 2.6 ● 1.5 ● 2.6 ● 1.5 ● 2.6 ● 1.8 ● 2.6

4 2
Experiment setup 2
● Distributed load
●
Total ●
Measure ●
Total
d

●
Loa ● Load ● Load ● Load ● Load ●
Total ●
Total ● R1 ● R2 ● R1+ R2
d1 2 (g) 3 (g) 4 (g) 5 (g) Load (g) Load (N) (N) (N) (N)
(g)

●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ●
500  ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 

● 150 ● 150 ● 150 ● 150 ● 150 ●  750 ●   ●   ●   ●  

●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ●
1000  ●
  ●
  ●
  ●
 
 Data for setup 2
● Distributed load
●
Measured ●
Measured ●
Measured ●
Measured ●
Measured
(K1) (K2) (K3) (K4) (K5)
● ● ● ● ●

●
Load 1 ●
Load 2 ●
Load 3 ●
Load 4 ●
Load 5 ● R1 (N) ● R2 (N) ● R1 (N) ● R2 (N) ● R1 (N) ● R2 (N) ● R1 (N) ● R2 (N) ● R1 (N) ● R2
(g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (N)

●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ●
100 ● 2.6 ● 2.7 ● 2.8 ● 2.8 ● 2.7 ● 2.7 ● 2.7 ● 2.7 ●
 2.8 ●
2.8

●
150 ●
150 ●
150 ●
150 ●
150 ● 4.0 ● 3.9 ● 4.0 ● 4 ● 3.9 ● 3.9 ● 4.0 ● 4.0 ●
 4.0 ●
3.9 

●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ●
200 ● 5.2 ● 5.1 ● 5.2 ● 5.2 ● 5.1 ● 5.1 ● 5.2 ● 5.2 ●
5.2  ●
5.2 
Experiment 4: Parallelogram of force
• Aim
• To prove the theory for the parallelogram of forces
•
• Theory (Newton's proof of the parallelogram of force)
• When two force act on body in different direction, they are equivalent to
a single force in opposite direction (the resultant)
• When three such force are equilibrium and coplanar, their line of action
are meet at a point O
• Therefore, the graphical of the parallelogram of forces can be used to find
the resultant of two coplanar forces at given angles.
Experiment 4: Parallelogram of force
Experiment 5: Polygon of force
• Aim
• To prove the theory for the Polygon of forces
• To practice the polygon method of vector addition that is a graphical
method
• To compare the results with calculation (analytical method) to get an idea
of how accurate the graphical method is.
•
• Theory
• Polygon law of force states that if a number of coplanar concurrent forces
acting on a particle are represented in magnitude and direction by sides
of a polygon taken in same order, then their resultant is represented in
magnitude and direction by the closing side of the polygon taken in the
opposite direction.
Experiment 5P: Setup 1
Experiment 5 : Setup 2