^07& .

Ks;h

m%Yak m;% jHQyh

I m;%%h - ld,h ( meh 03hs' ^Bg wu;rj lshùï ld,h ñks;a;= 10 hs'&
fuu m%%Yak m;%%h fldgia follska iukaú; fõ'
A fldgi - m%%Yak oyhls' m%%Yak ish,a,g u ms<s;=re iemhsh hq;= h'
tla m%%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 25 ne.ska ,l=Kq 250ls'

B fldgi - m%%Yak y;ls' m%%Yak mylg ms<s;=re iemhsh hq;= h' tla
m%%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 150 ne.ska ,l=Kq 750ls'
I m;%%h i|yd uqΩ ,l=Kq 1000

II m;%%h - ld,h ( meh 03hs' ^Bg wu;rj lshùï ld,h ñks;a;= 10 hs'&
fuu m%%Yak m;%%h fldgia follska iukaú; fõ'
A fldgi - m%%Yak oyhls' m%%Yak ish,a,g u ms<s;=re iemhsh hq;= h'
tla m%%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 25 ne.ska ,l=Kq 250ls'
B fldgi - m%%Yak y;ls' m%%Yak mylg ms<s;=re iemhsh hq;= h' tla
m%%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 150 ne.ska ,l=Kq 750ls'
II m;%%h i|yd uqΩ ,l=Kq 1000

wjidk ,l=K .Kkh ls¯u ( I m;%%h = 1000 ÷ 20 = 50

II m;%%h = 1000 ÷ 20 = 50
wjidk ,l=K = 100

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-1-
 ^07& .Ks;h
I m;%h
A fldgi
Paper 1 – Part A Paper 1 – Part A Paper 1 – Part A

1. Let
1. 𝐴𝐴A=={x ∈ ℝ :∶ | |𝑥𝑥
{𝑥𝑥 ∈ 1.| <<2 2}
x ++33| }Let
and
yd 𝐴𝐴B = {𝑥𝑥 {𝑥𝑥ℝ∈ :∶ℝ
∈
= 1.
=𝐵𝐵{x ∈ | |𝑥𝑥
Let +|𝑥𝑥|
x∶ |𝐴𝐴
≥= 3|
4}≥ <
{𝑥𝑥4}
hkq∈ ℝand
2}be ∶subsets
ir® j𝐵𝐵;%+
|𝑥𝑥 ,oflfha
=l=3|
{𝑥𝑥 <∈the universal
∶ |𝑥𝑥|,𝐵𝐵l
ℝ Wml=
2} and {𝑥𝑥be
≥=4}
hehs subsets
ℝu∶q' |𝑥𝑥| of
∈.ks ≥ the u
4} be
k'set ℝ. Find 𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵set ′
set
ℝ.AFind 𝐴𝐴 ∩A 𝐵𝐵∩and
∩ B yd ′
𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵.
B fidhka andℝ.𝐴𝐴Find ∩ 𝐵𝐵. ′
𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵.

2. Let 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵 be subsets of 2. a universal

Let 𝐴𝐴 and
.................................................................................................................................................................
set S. 𝐵𝐵2.The
be subsets
LetA\B
set ofisadefined,
𝐴𝐴 and universal
𝐵𝐵 be subsetsinset
theS. The
usual
of set
notation,
a universal A\Bset isby
defined,
S. The set in A\B
the usual not
is define
A\B = A ∩ B′ . A\B = A ∩ B′ . A\B = A ∩ B′ .
.................................................................................................................................................................
Show that, A ∖ (B ∪ C) = (A ∖ B) Show∩ (Athat,∖ C)Aand ∖ (BA∪ Show(B =
∖ C) (A =
∩that,
C) ∖AB)(A
∖ (B∩∖ (A
B)
∪ C) ∖
∪ C)= and
(A ∖ C).
(A ∖AB) ∖∩ (B(A ∩ C)∖ C) =and(A ∖AB) ∖ (B∪ (A ∖ C).
∩ C) = (A ∖

3. .................................................................................................................................................................
Let 𝑝𝑝 and 𝑞𝑞 be propositions. 3. Let
Show 𝑝𝑝 and
that𝑞𝑞3.thebe compound
propositions.
Let 𝑝𝑝 and propositionsShow
𝑞𝑞 be that ¬(𝑝𝑝
propositions. the compound
(¬𝑝𝑝 ∧that
∨ Show 𝑞𝑞))propositions
the compound ∨ (¬
¬(𝑝𝑝propo
and ¬𝑝𝑝⋀¬𝑞𝑞 are logically equivalent. and ¬𝑝𝑝⋀¬𝑞𝑞 are logically and ¬𝑝𝑝⋀¬𝑞𝑞 equivalent.
are logically equivalent.
.................................................................................................................................................................
2
4. Find the truth value of the 4. expression
Find the ∀𝑥𝑥 truth
4.(𝑥𝑥value
2
≥Find𝑥𝑥)ofthe
ifthe
the expression
universal
truth value of set ≥ 𝑥𝑥) if the
is(𝑥𝑥expression
∀𝑥𝑥the ∀𝑥𝑥universal
(𝑥𝑥 2 ≥ 𝑥𝑥)set
................................................................................................................................................................. is univ
if the
(a) ℝ (b) ℤ (a) ℝ (b)
(a) ℝℤ (b) ℤ
.................................................................................................................................................................
1 1
2𝑦𝑦−1 𝑦𝑦 − log 𝑥𝑥 = 0 and 82𝑦𝑦−1 − 2(𝑥𝑥 − 4) 2𝑦𝑦−11
5. Solve the simultaneous equations 5. Solve𝑦𝑦the − simultaneous
log = 0 and
5. 2 𝑥𝑥 Solve equations
the 8simultaneous 4)2 = 0 for𝑦𝑦𝑥𝑥−andlog 2 𝑥𝑥 = 0 and 8 = 0 f
− 2(𝑥𝑥3−equations
3 3
.................................................................................................................................................................
𝑦𝑦. 𝑦𝑦. 𝑦𝑦.
.................................................................................................................................................................
4 4
6. Find the set of all values6.of 𝑥𝑥 which
Find the set6.ofthe
satisfy allFind
values
theofset
inequality 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 which
of
− all
𝑥𝑥
satisfy
3. ofthe
≤values inequality
𝑥𝑥 which 𝑥𝑥 −the
satisfy 𝑥𝑥
≤ 3.
inequality 𝑥𝑥 −
.................................................................................................................................................................
7. Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = √𝑥𝑥 + 3 − 5 7. Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)defined
be a function = 7. √𝑥𝑥 +on 3[−3,
Let 5 be
−𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)∞). =a Find
function
√𝑥𝑥 +the 3− defined
5 beofa on
range the[−3,function
function ∞). Find the
defined on [−3,range of Find
∞). the
.................................................................................................................................................................
−1
𝑓𝑓 and show that 𝑓𝑓 is one-to-one. 𝑓𝑓 and Findshow 𝑓𝑓 that
−1
(𝑥𝑥). 𝑓𝑓 isandone-to-one.
show that Find 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥).
𝑓𝑓 is one-to-one. −1
Find 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥).
.................................................................................................................................................................
8. 8. andThe
The line ℓ has gradient −3 line ℓthrough
passes has
8. gradient −3ℓ and
the point
The line has passes 𝐵𝐵 isthrough
gradient
𝐴𝐴(2,1). a−3 andthe
point on point
the
passes line 𝐵𝐵 ispoint
𝐴𝐴(2,1).the
through a point on
𝐴𝐴(2,1
such that
ℓ such that the distance 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 isℓ3√10. Findthe
thedistance
possible isthe
coordinates
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
ℓ such that 3√10. Find thepoint
for the
distance 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ispossible coordinates
𝐵𝐵. Find
3√10. for the
the possible poin
coordin
2. A yd B hkq S ir®j;% l=,lfha Wml=,l hehs .ksu'q iqmr q e≥ wxlkfhka A \ B l=,lh" A \ B = A ∩ B
u.ska wr®: ±lafõ' A \ (B ∪ C) = (A \ B) ∩ (A \ C) yd A \ (B ∩ C) = (A \ B) ∪ (A \ 3C) nj fmkajkak'
9. Find the points at which 9. the Find the points
tangents to9. theat which
the the
parametric
Find tangents
curve
points at given
which tobythe=parametric
2𝑡𝑡 , 𝑦𝑦 =tocurve
tangents given by =cur
the parametric 2
2
2
− 4𝑡𝑡 + 𝑡𝑡 has a slope of -1. 2 − 4𝑡𝑡 + 𝑡𝑡 has a2slope
2
− 4𝑡𝑡 of+ 𝑡𝑡-1. has a slope of -1.
2
............................................................................................................................................

10. Find the area of the region10. bounded Find by thethearea of theFind
curves
10. 𝑦𝑦 region
= 𝑥𝑥 2 bounded|𝑥𝑥|.
the and
area𝑦𝑦 of= the byregion
the curves
bounded 𝑦𝑦 = by𝑥𝑥 2 the
andcurves
𝑦𝑦 = |𝑥𝑥|. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 2 and 𝑦𝑦 =
.................................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................................

Paper .................................................................................................................................................................
1 – Part B Paper 1 – Part B Paper 1 – Part B
.................................................................................................................................................................
1. (a)
A class of 50 students 1. (a)sat A forclass of (a)50 students
an1. examination A class sat
in Mathematics,
of 50 for students
an examination
Physics
sat for andanin Mathematics,
examination inPhys M
Chemistry. Out of 50 students, 37, 24 and 43 Chemistry. Out of 50 students,
studentsOut
Chemistry. passed37,
of 50 24 and
Mathematics, 43 students
students, 37, 24 and 43 studen passed
................................................................................................................................................................. Math
Physics and Chemistry respectively. PhysicsFurther,
and Chemistry itPhysics
is given respectively.
thatChemistry
and at most Further,
19 it is given
students
respectively. that atitmost
Further, 19 s
is given
passed Mathematics and Physics, passed Mathematics
at most 29 passed
passed and Physics, at most
Mathematics
Mathematics and 29
andChemistry passedatMathematics
Physics, most 29 passed
................................................................................................................................................................. andMa
Ch
and at most 20 passed Physics and Chemistry. Find and at most 20 passed
and at Physics
themostlargest and Chemistry.
possiblePhysics
20 passed number Find
and the largest possible
of Chemistry. Find the la nu
.................................................................................................................................................................
students that could have passed students
all three thatsubjects.
could have passed
students that could all three
havesubjects.
passed all three subjects.
.................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Determine whether each (b)of the Determine
following(b) whether
compound eachproposition
Determine of the following
whether iseach compound
a tautology
of the following proposition is a taut
compound pro
or a contradiction: or a contradiction: or a contradiction:
.............................................................................................................................................................

(i) [~𝑝𝑝 ∧ (𝑝𝑝 ∨ 𝑞𝑞)] → 𝑞𝑞 (i) (ii)[~𝑝𝑝 ∧(𝑝𝑝(𝑝𝑝∧ ∨𝑞𝑞)(i)

𝑞𝑞)] (𝑝𝑝
→[~𝑝𝑝
∧ [∼ (𝑝𝑝 ∨(ii)𝑞𝑞)] →(𝑝𝑝
𝑞𝑞 ∨∧ 𝑞𝑞)] [∼ (𝑝𝑝 ∨(𝑝𝑝𝑞𝑞)]
𝑞𝑞 ∧ 𝑞𝑞) ∧ (ii) ∧ 𝑞𝑞) ∧ [∼ (𝑝𝑝

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-2- Page 1 of 4 Pa
3. p yd q hkq m%%ia;=; hehs .ksuq' ∼ (p ∨ (∼ p ∧ q)) iy ∼ p ∧ ∼ q hk ixhqla; m%%ia;=; ;r®ldkqid¯j ;=,H
jk nj fmkajkak'

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4. úixjd° idOk l%%uh Ndú;fhka" 3n2 + 2 T;af;a fjhs kï" n T;af;a jk nj idOkh lrkak'

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-3-
 1 2y−1
5. y− log2 x = 0 yd 8 − 2(x − 4) = 0 hk iu.dó iólrK x iy y i|yd úi|kak'
3
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6. x − 4 ≤ 3 wiudk;dj imqrd,k ishÆ ;d;a;aúl x ys w.hka fidhkak'

x

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-4-
7. f (x) = √ x + 3 − 5 Y%%s;h [−3,∞) u; wr®: ±lafõ hehs .ksuq' f ys mrdih fidhd" f tlg - tl jk
−1
nj fmkajkak' f (x) fidhkak'

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8. wkql%uKh −3 jQQ l ir, fr®Ldj" A(2,1) ,laIHh yryd .uka lrhs' B hkq AB ≥r 3 √ 10 jk m˙† l
s ,laIHhls' B ,laIHh i|yd ;sìh yels LKavdxl fidhkak'
fr®Ldj u; msyá

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-5-
 3 2
9. x = 2t , y = 2 − 4t + t u.ska fokq ,nk mrdñ;sl jl%%hg we|s iamr®Ylj, nEjqu −1 jk ,laIHhka
fidhkak'

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2
10. y = x yd x + y = 2 hk jl%% u.ska imr®hka; flfrk fmfofiys jr®.M,h fidhkak'

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-6-
 Paper 1 – Part B

1. (a) A class of 50 students sat for an examination in Mathematics, Physics and

Chemistry. Out of 50 students, 37, 24 and 43 students passed Mathematics,
Physics and Chemistry respectively. Further, it is given that at most 19 students
B fldgi
passed Mathematics and Physics, at most 29 passed Mathematics and Chemistry
11.and
(a) atismost 20 passed
iqka mkia fokl=Physics
.Ks;h"and Chemistry.
fN!;s l úoHdjFind the largest
yd ridhk possible
úoHdj number
hk úIhhka of m¯laIKhlg
f.ka
studentsfmkSthat
isácould
k ,°'have
fuu passed all three
isiqka 50ka " 37la subjects.
.Ks;h o" 24la fN!;sl úoHdj o" 43la ridhk úoHdj o
iu;a úh' ;j≥rg;a" Wm˙u jYfhka 19 fofkla .Ks;h yd fN!;sl úoHdj o" 29 fofkla .Ks;h
(b) Determine whether
yd ridhk eachoof20
úoHdj thefofkla
following compound
fN!;s l úoHdjproposition
yd ridhkis úoHdj
a tautology
o iu;a nj ° ;sfí'
or a contradiction:
úIhhka ;=ku iu;a ù ;sìh yels isiqka ixLHdfõ úYd,;u w.h fidhkak'

(i)(b) [~𝑝𝑝 ∧ (𝑝𝑝 ∨ 𝑞𝑞)] → 𝑞𝑞 hk ixhq(ii)

l; a m%i (𝑝𝑝
% ; = ∧
a ; h 𝑞𝑞)
mqk∧rela (𝑝𝑝
[∼;h
s la∨fyda
𝑞𝑞)]úixjdohla o hk j. kSrK
® h lrkak'

2. (a) (i) Using the Principle of Mathematical Induction, prove that

1 1 1 n
+ 2 −1 + ⋯+ = 1 of, 4
4∙12 −1 4∙2 4∙n2−1Page
2n+1
12. (a) .Ks; wNsHqyk uQ,Or®uh Ndú;fhka" for
ishall
Æ n∈ℤ . n ∈ + i|yd
n
2. (a) the∑Principle
(i) Using (3r2 + 5rof Mathematical
+ 1) = n(n + 2)2 nj Induction,
idOkh prove lrkak that
'
r =11 1 1 (ii) n Using the method of proof by contradiction, prove that if 3𝑛𝑛 + 2 is o
+ + ⋯ + = ,
2 Induction,
2 −1 4∙22 −1 4∙n2−1
2. (a) (i) Using the4∙1 Principle of Mathematical 2n+1
𝑛𝑛 2.
isprove
odd.(a)that (i) Using the Principle of Mathematical Induction, prove t
for
(b) all nr ∈
∈1 ℤ+ .i|yd 1
U = 1 (2r + 1)n
hehs .ks uq' 1 1 1 n
r
(2r
+ 2 −1 + ⋯ + 2−1 = − 1) , + 2 −1 + ⋯ + 2−1 = ,
4∙12 −1 4∙2 1
4∙n 2n+1
1 2
4∙12 −1
λ
4∙2 n 4∙n
2n
2n+1
(ii) for allnthe
Using
+
ℤ . i|ydofU
n∈∈ method by(b)
= (2r
proof 1) Let(2rU+
− r = (2r−1)(2r+1)
−contradiction, and f(r)
for =nn∈
lrall ∈ ℤforthen
+
. ri|yd
∈ℤ ∑+
, where
U = λ ∈ ℝ. nj
1) prove that if 3𝑛𝑛 + 2 is odd,
r
nj i;Hdmkh 2r−1 r =1 r 2n + 1

𝑛𝑛 is odd.
fmkajkak'
(ii) Using the method 20 of proof by contradiction,
Find the value prove
of λthat(ii)ifthat
such 3𝑛𝑛Using
Ur 2=is
+ theodd,
f(r)method
−thenf(r + of
1)proof
for r ∈byℤ+contradiction,
. Hence, find ∑prov
n
r=1
𝑛𝑛 is ;jo
odd. 2 ∑ (2Ur + 3r) fidhka λ k' + 𝑛𝑛 is odd.
(b) Let Ur = r =10 and f(r) = 2r−1 for r ∈ ℤ , where λ ∈ ℝ.
(2r−1)(2r+1)
Also, find ∑nr=1(Ur + 2r).
2 λ + 2 λ
(b) Let Uthe
Find r =value of λ such and
thatf(r) f(r)for
Ur==2r−1 r ∈+ℤ1) , where
for r ∈λ(b)+ ℝ. Let Ur = ∑n
ℤ∈ . Hence, find2 (2r−1)(2r+1) and f(r) = for r ∈ ℤ+, where λ
(2r−1)(2r+1) − f(r r=1 Ur . 2r−1
13. (a) x + (4 + k) x − (25 + k) = 0 jr®.c iólrKfha uQQ, α yd − α fõ; fuys k hkq ;d;a;aúl ksh;hls'
2

−2r)
3. (a) The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥𝑥 2 + (4 + 𝑘𝑘)𝑥𝑥 − (25 + 𝑘𝑘) = 0 are
of rλx+
α hkq . x −U21
x2 +that 0 + fmka n
3
Find the
Also, findvalue
∑nr=1 (U such r =
= iólrKfha
f(r) − f(r + 1) for
uQ ,
Q hla
r ∈ nj
ℤ . Hence,
Find
j find
the
ka k ' value
∑ of
U
r=1 r λ . such that Ur = f(r) − f(r + 1) for r ∈ ℤ
where 𝑘𝑘 is a real constant.
(x − 3) hkak x − x + x − 21 ys idOlhla nj fmkajd" x3 − x2 + x n− 21 = 0 iólrKhg tla ;d;aúl
3 2
Also, find ∑nr=1(Ur + 2r). Also, find ∑r=1(Ur + 2r). 3
2Show that 𝛼𝛼 is a solution of the equation 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21 = 0.
3. (a) The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥𝑥 + (4 + 𝑘𝑘)𝑥𝑥 − (25 + 𝑘𝑘) = 0 are 𝛼𝛼, −𝛼𝛼 2 ,
uQ ,
Q hla muKla we;s nj fmka j ka k '
where
𝑘𝑘 is ata real
khsk constant.
a k ys w.h fidhkak' 3 2
3. (a) The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥𝑥 2Show + (4that
3
(𝑥𝑥−−(25
3. 𝑘𝑘)𝑥𝑥 (a)
+
2
is+a𝑘𝑘)
3) The factor
roots ofthe
= 0ofare 𝑥𝑥𝛼𝛼, −
−𝛼𝛼𝑥𝑥2 ,+ 𝑥𝑥 −
quadratic 21 and 𝑥𝑥show
equation 2 that
+ (4 the −
+ 𝑘𝑘)𝑥𝑥 e
wherethat
𝑘𝑘 is𝛼𝛼fa(x)
real 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21 = 0 has only one real root.
Show (b) is −constant.
2x2 + 12xof−16
a= solution thehehs .ksuq' 𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21
equation where
= 0. 𝑘𝑘 is a real constant.

a −factor
2
Hence, findka+the value ofh0.
𝑘𝑘.
Show
Show that f𝛼𝛼(x)
(𝑥𝑥is−Y%a%s;
3)hisa (x
solution h)
of +the
kofwdldrhg
equation h3d𝑥𝑥−ola
𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2,s𝑥𝑥+ −𝑥𝑥j221k 𝑥𝑥; −
and fuys
21
showa,
Show= yd
that k the
that 𝛼𝛼 isequation
hkq kSarsolution
®Kh l< ofhq;the ; fõ' 𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥
= kshequation
𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥
f ys
−" 21 YSr®I 0 has
=fha LKaonly
vdxl"oneiuñ;sreallroot.wlaIfha iólrKh iy Wm˙u w.h fidhkak' y = f (x) ys
(b) 3 Let2 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = −2𝑥𝑥 2 + 12𝑥𝑥 − 16.
Show that (𝑥𝑥 − 3) is a factor
m%%ia;drfha o< igykla w|skak' of 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21 and show Showthat thatthe − 3) is a factor of 𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21 a
(𝑥𝑥 equation
𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2find
Hence, + 𝑥𝑥the
− 21 value= 0ofhas𝑘𝑘. only one real root. 𝑥𝑥 3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 21 = 0 has only one real root.
g Y%%s;h g (x) = −2 − f (x + 1) u.skWrite a wr®: oelathefõ' function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) in the form 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘𝑘, where 𝑎𝑎, ℎ an
Hence, constants to bew.hdetermined.
(b) Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)find
the
=g−2𝑥𝑥 value
2 iuñ;s
Y%%s;fha + 12𝑥𝑥of 𝑘𝑘.
l 16.
− wlaIfha iólrKh yd wju Hence,
ksr®Kh find lrkathe
k' value of 𝑘𝑘.

Find the coordinates of the vertex, equation of the axis of symmetry, and the m
(b) Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)
Write −2𝑥𝑥 2 + 12𝑥𝑥
the= function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)−in16.the formvalue𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥of−𝑓𝑓. 2 (b)
ℎ)Sketch Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)
where
+ 𝑘𝑘,the 𝑎𝑎, =
ℎthe−2𝑥𝑥
and 2
𝑘𝑘+are
12𝑥𝑥 − 16.
graph of function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥).
14. (a) to
constants iqmbe
qre≥determined. n
wxlkfhka (a+b) ys oaúmo m%%idrKh ,shd olajkak; fuys a yd b ;d;a;aúl ixLHd yd
Write
the nfunction
hkq Ok ks 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)
Å,hls in' the formThe − ℎ)2 +𝑔𝑔𝑘𝑘,iswhere
𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥function Write the
defined𝑎𝑎, ℎbyfunction
and are
𝑘𝑘 =
𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) −2 −in𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) the 𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 − ℎ)2th
formDetermine
+ 1). +
Find the coordinates of
constants to be determined. the vertex, equation of the axis of symmetry, and
constants the
to bemaximum
of determined.
(
n
1 ys of
( symmetry, and the minimum value the function 𝑔𝑔.
value (i) xthe
of 𝑓𝑓. Sketch 2
+ graph oaúthe
mo function 𝑦𝑦 =
m%%idrKfha m<uq𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥).
" fojk yd f;jk moj, ix.=Klj, tl;=j 46 kï"
x
Find the coordinates of the
n fidhka k' vertex, equation of the axis of symmetry, Find theandcoordinates
the maximum of the vertex, equation of the axis of
valuefunction
The of 𝑓𝑓. Sketch
𝑔𝑔 the graph of by
is defined the function 𝑦𝑦 =−𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). value of 𝑓𝑓. Sketch
Determine the graph
thetheaxis of the function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥).
4. 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥)(a) =Write −2 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 +in 1). of
(
down, the usual notation, binomial expansion of (a + b)n , wher
symmetry,
and the
(ii) kx + 1 (
minimum
10
ys value
m% i
% of
drKfhathexfunction
4
ys ix.= 𝑔𝑔.
K lh 15 g iudk kï k ys w.h fidhka k ' k ys fuu w.h
x real and n is a positive integer.
The function 𝑔𝑔 is defined by 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = −2 − 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 +161). The Determine
function the𝑔𝑔 axis
is defined
of by 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = −2 − 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 +
i|yd m%%idrKfhys x f.ka iajdh;a; moh fidhkak'
symmetry, and the minimum value of the function 𝑔𝑔. symmetry, and the minimum value of the function 𝑔𝑔.
(i) If the sum of the coefficients of the first, second and third terms of the e
4. (a) Write down, in the usual notation, the binomial expansion of𝑛𝑛 (a + b)n , where a and b
1
real and n is a positive integer.
w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj of (𝑥𝑥f2jk+úNd.
meje;a ) is 46. Find n.
𝑥𝑥 i|yd m%Yak nm;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h
4. (a) Write down, in the usual notation, the binomial expansion 4. (a) of Write
(a + b) down,
, where
in the
a andusual
b notation, the binomial expansio
-7-
real and
(i) n issum
If the a positive
of the integer. ( ii) Find the
coefficients of the first, second and thirdrealvalue of 𝑘𝑘 if the
andofnthe
terms coefficient
is aexpansion of 𝑥𝑥 4 in the expansion of (𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
positive integer.
15
d the truth value of the expression ∀𝑥𝑥 (𝑥𝑥 ≥ 𝑥𝑥) if the universal set is
ℝ (b) ℤ

1
ve the simultaneous equations 𝑦𝑦 − log 2 𝑥𝑥 = 0 and 82𝑦𝑦−1 − 2(𝑥𝑥 − 4) = 0 for 𝑥𝑥 and
3

(b) mqoa.,hl=g my; wdfhdack wjia:d 3 mj;S : 4

d the set of all values of 𝑥𝑥 which satisfy the inequality 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 3.
1 wjia:dj : 14% l jdr®Islj iqΩ fmd<shla hgf;a wdfhdackh
− 5 be2awjia
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = √𝑥𝑥 + 3 function
:dj : defined
12% l jdr® on I[−3, ∞). Find
slj je,a fmd<sthe
hla range
hgf;aof the function
wdfhda ckh
−1
nd show that 𝑓𝑓
is one-to-one. Find 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥).
3 wjia:dj : ldr®;=jlg jrla 8% l jdr®Islj je,a fmd<shla hgf;a wdfhdackh

line ℓ has gradient −3(i)
and jir 5la wjidkfha
passes through the point
tl;= uqΩ fmd<s𝐵𝐵h isu;
jk 𝐴𝐴(2,1). a point
mokïon j the
jvd;aline
u fhda.H wdfhdackh f;darkak'
uch that the distance
(ii) isldr®
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 3√10. Findjrla
;=jlg the possible coordinates
fmd<sh .Kkh lrkq ,nk for the point
jdr® Islj 𝐵𝐵.
r% l je,a fmd<sh u; wdfhdackh
ls¯fï y;rjk wjia:djla o Tyqg we;' 4 jk wjia:dj hgf;a jir 10 l° ,efnk uqΩ fmd<sh
d the points at
which the 2tangents
jk wjia:todfõ°
the,efnk
parametric curve
uqΩ fmd<s hggiven kï2𝑡𝑡r3ys, wju
by =
jvd jeä 𝑦𝑦 = w.h l=ula úh hq;= o@
4𝑡𝑡 + 𝑡𝑡 2 has a slope of -1.

d the area of the region bounded by the curves 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 2 and 𝑦𝑦 = |𝑥𝑥|.
15. ABC ;%%sfldaKfha AB, BC yd AC mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj<ska y = m1 x + c1, y = m2 x + c2 yd
x = 0 hehs .ksuq' ABC ;%%sfldaKfha jr®.M,h 1
(c − c2)2 u.ska fokq ,nk nj fmkajkak'
2 m1 − m2
Part B ABC ;%%sfldaKfha BC, CA yd AB mdoj, iólrK ms<sfj<ska 3x − y +5 = 0, 2x + 3y −1= 0 yd
x + 2y − 3 = 0 hehs .ksuq'
A class of 50 1
students
A ,laIHhsatyryd for an
.ukaexamination
lrkakd jQQ in wkqMathematics,
l%uKh − iysPhysics
; ir, and
fr®Ldj" CA fr®Ldjg iudka;rj
Chemistry. Out of 50 students, 37, 24 and 43 students passed 3 Mathematics,
B ,laIHh yryd .uka lrk ir, fr®Ldj D ,laIHfha° f√okh lrhs' O hkq uQQ, ,laIHh kï"
Physics and Chemistry respectively. Further, it is given that at most 19 students
OD ysand
passed Mathematics Physics,y at
iólrKh + xmost
= 0 u.s
29kpassed Mathematics
a fokq ,nk nj fmkajandkak'Chemistry
and at most 20
passed
D ,laIPhysics
Hh yrydandhkaChemistry. Find the
kd jQQ AB mdohg largest
,ïn possible
jQQ ir, number
fr®Ldj E ,laof
IHfha° y - wlaIh yuqfõ' ODE
students that could have
;%%sflda passed
Kfha all three
jr®.M,h fidhkasubjects.
k'

Determine whether each of the following compound proposition is a tautology

or a contradiction:
16. lim √ x − √ 2 fidhkak'
(i) ∨(a)
[~𝑝𝑝 ∧ (𝑝𝑝 𝑞𝑞)]x→ 2𝑞𝑞 x2 − 4 (ii) (𝑝𝑝 ∧ 𝑞𝑞) ∧ [∼ (𝑝𝑝 ∨ 𝑞𝑞)]

(b) my; ±lafjk tl tlla x úIhfhys wjl,kh lrkak'
(
6
x (
(i) Page 1 of 4
1−x

(ii) e + e
−2x
2x

e − e−2x
2x

x ln (x + 1)
4 2
(iii)

(c) ;=kS ;yvq øjHhlska iu p;=ri%dldr m;=,la iy isria ì;a;s iys; m˙udj >k ógr® 4000 la jk
újD; gexlshla iE†h hq;=j we;' fhdod .kakd ,o ;yvq øjH m%udKh wju jk m˙† gexlsfhys
udk fidhkak'

1
17. (a) fldgia jYfhka wkql,kh Ndú;fhka
0
∫ x2 e2x dx w.hkak'

(b) Nskak Nd. Ndú;fhka

∫ (x +2x1)+(x3+2) dx
2
fidhkak'

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-8-
(c) m%%dka;r †. 0.25 jk 0 yd 1 w;r x ys w.hka i|yd oYu ia:dk ;=klg ksjer†j f (x) = √ 2x + 1
Y%%s;fhys w.hka my; ±lafjk j.=fjka fokq ,efí'

x 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
f(x) 1 1.225 1.414 1.581 1.732

1
isïika kS;sh Ndú;fhka I =
0
∫ √ 2x + 1 dx i|yd oYuia:dk follg ksjer†j wdikak w.hla
fidhkak'

u = 2x + 1 wdfoaYh Ndú;fhka I fidhd" I ys w.h by;ska ,nd .;a wdikak w.h yd ii|kak'

* * *

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

-9-
 ^07& .Ks;h
II m;%h
A fldgi

1 1 x
1. 4 4 x + 1 = 0 hkak ;Dma; lrk x ys w.hka fidhkak'
3 x+1 x+2

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( (
2.
2 0 −1 1(
A = 3 −1 , B = 0 −3 iy C = 2
1
( ( 2
(
1 hehs .ksuq' A − 2B , AC iy BC fidhkak'
1 4 −2 1
(A − 2B) C = AC − 2BC hkak i;Hdmkh lrkak'

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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3. tla;rd nqoaê m¯laIKhl ,l=Kq uOHkHh 100 iy iïu; wm.ukh 16 jk m%u; jHdma;shlaa
wkq.ukh lrhs' ishÆ u nqoaê m¯laIK ,l=Kqj,ska jeä;u 5% iSud lrk lvbï w.h .Kkh
lrkak'

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4. tla;rd jHdma;shl uOHkHh" uOHia:h iy iïu; wm.ukh ms<sfj<ska 61, 52 iy 10 fõ' l=ál;d
ix.=Klh .Kkh lr jHdma;sfhys yevh .ek woyia olajkak' fuu jHdma;sh i|yd uOHkHh
flakaø wNsid¯;dfjys idOdrK ñkqula fõ o@ Tfí ms<s;=r ikd; lrkak'

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]]

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5. ksIamdok l%shdj,shl °" ìialÜ 100 g yd 200 g hk m%udK follska weiqreï lrkq ,efí' weiqreï
kshe†j, is≥lrk ,o m¯laIK wkqidrfhka my; idrdxY ñkqï .Kkh lrk ,°'

m%%udKh kshe†fha kshe† iïu;
úYd,;ajh uOHkHh wm.ukh
100 g 20 102 g 2.5 g
200 g 20 203 g 3.1 g

úp,;d ix.=Klh .Kkh lrñka" nr wkqj jvd;a ix.; weiqreï m%udKh kSr®Kh .kak'

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6. X hk ika;;sl iïNdú;d úp,Hh [a, 6a] hk m%dka;rh u; taldldr f,i jHdma; ù we;" fuys a
hkak Ok ksh;hls; X ys jHdma;s Y%s;h fidhkak'
fjk;a Y hk ika;;sl iïNdú;d úp,Hhla [−2, 8] hk m%dka;rfhys taldldr f,i jHdma; ù we;'
P(X < 3) = P(Y < 4) kï" a ys w.h fidhkak'

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

- 12 -
7. tla;rd oKysia Y,H lr®uhlg 75%l idr®:l ùfï wjldYhla we;' frda.Ska y;r fokl=g Y,H
lr®uh is≥lrk ,°' ksh; jYfhka u frda.k
S a fofokl=g muKla Y,H lr®uh idr®:l ùfï iïNdú;dj
fidhkak'

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8. X hk iiïNdù úp,Hhg my; ±lafjk iïNdú;d jHdma;sh we;'

x 1 2 3 4 5
P(X = x) p 0.2 q 0.3 0.1

E(X) = 3.1 kï" p iy q fidhkak' Var(X) fidhkak'

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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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9. a ka folla hehs .kak' P(A∩B) = 1 iy P(A) = P(A|B') = 7 kï
A iy B hkq S hk kshe† wjldYhl isoë
5 15
P(B|A) iy P(B) fidhkak' A iy B hk isoaëka fol iajdh;a; ±hs kSr®Kh lrkak'

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10. X iiïNdù ú,Hhg" k ksh;hla jQ" f(x) = x − k, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 kï

1
0, tfia fkdjk úg {
, u.ska fokq ,nk f(x) iïNdú;d

>k;aj Y%s;h we;' k = nj fmkajd X ys uOHkHh fidhkak'

2
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w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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 B fldgi

11. iud.ula tla tla ksmehqu tlsfklg fjkia l%%shdj,Ska 2la yryd hd hq;= A iy B hk ksmehqï jr®. 2la
ksmojhs' ksmehqul tl tallhla ksmoùug tla tla l%shdj,sfha° wjYH jk ld,h ksmehqï jr®.h u;
r|d mj;S' A iy B hk ksmehqïj, tl tallhla ksmoùu i|yd tla tla l%%shdj,sfha° wjYH meh .Kk
yd tla tla l%%shdj,shg i;shlg fufyhúh yels ldr®h meh .Kk my; j.=fjka fokq ,efí'

tallhla ksmoùug wjYH l%%shdj,shlg i;shlg
ld,h ^meh& fufyhúh yels ldr®h
l%%shdj,sh 1 l%%shdj,sh 2 meh .Kk
A 2 4 40
ksmehqu
B 4 4 32

iud.ug A yd B hk tla tla ksmehqfuka wju jYfhka tall 2 la j;a ksmoùug wjYH hehs is;kak'
A yd B ksmehqï i|yd tallhlg ,dNh ms<sfj<ska remsh,a 10la yd 5la fõ' ksmojk ishÆ u tall
úlsKsh yels hehs Wml,amkh lrkak' uqΩ ,dNh Wm˙u ls¯u i|yd tla tla ksmehqfuka i;shl °
ksmoúh hq;= tall .Kk ksr®Kh ls¯ug wjYHj we;'

(a) fuh talc m%%luK .egÆjla f,i iQQ;%lrKh lrkak'

(b) ilH;d fmfofiys o< igykla we|" ta khska m%%ia;d˙l l%uhg .egÆj úi|kak'

(
12. (a) A = 2 −1 , B = 1
−1 2 0
( ( (
0 iy X = x 2
3 3 −y ( ( kï" AX = XB jk m˙† x yd y ys w.hka fidhkak'

(

(b) A =
1 2
2 1
2
2
( hehs .ksuq' A − 4A = 5I nj fmkajkak· fuys I hkq .Kh 3 jk tall
2

2 2 1
kHdih fõ'

ta khska fyda wka whqrlska fyda BA = I jk m˙† .Kh 3 jk B iup;=ri%% kHdih fidhkak'
my; ±lafjk talc iólrK moaO;sh i,lkak(
x + 2y + 2z = −1,
2x + y + 2z = 2,

( (
2x + 2y + z = −1.


−1 x( (
C = 2 yd X = y hehs .ksñka" AX = C kHdi iólrKh by; talc iólrK moaO;sh
−1 z
ksrEmKh lrk nj fmkajkak.

ta khska" by; talc iólrK moaO;sh úi|kak'

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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13. (a) ldâ ;=kla 1, 3 iy 4 f,i wxlkh lr we;' l%%Svdjla iiïNdù f,i ldâ tlla .ekSfuka iy
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 iy 6 f,i wxlkh lr we;s me;s yhla iys; idOdrK od≥ leghla Wv ±ófuka
hqla; fõ' f;dard .;a ldâmf;ys wxlh x hehs o od≥ legfhys Wv uqyqKf;ys wxlh y hehs o .ksuq'
A iy B hk isoaëka my; ±lafjk f,i wr®: olajd we;'
A : x ≥ y,
B : x + y brÜfÜ ixLHdjls'
(i) P(A), P(B) iy P(A|B) fidhkak'
(ii) A iy B wfkHdakH jYfhka nysIaldr fõ ±hs kSr®Kh lrkak'

(b) (i) ''COEFFICIENT'' hk jpkfhys wl=re tfld<fyka iE†h yels tlsfklg fjkia ixlrK
ixLHdj fidhkak'
(ii) ''COEFFICIENT'' hk jpkfhys wl=re tfld<fyka wl=re y;rlska iE†h yels tlsfklg
fjkia ixfhdack ixLHdj fidhkak'

14. (a) whsial%Sï fjf<kaol=g ksjdvq i;s wka;h i|yd jeämqr f;d. weKjqï l< hq;= oehs ;SrKh l<
hq;=j we;' miq.sh w;aoelSï wkqj" ld,.=Kh WKqiqï jqjfyd;a Tyqf.a f;d.fha ish,a, úlsKSfï
85% l yelshdjla we;s nj Tyq okS' j<dl=Ω iys; jqjfyd;a yelshdj 65% la jk w;r jeysnr
jqjfyd;a yelshdj 10% la muKs' ld,.=K wkdjelshg wkqj" WKqiqï ùfï iïNdú;dj 40% la o"
j<dl=Ω iys; ùfï iïNdú;dj 35% la o iy jeis iys; ùfï iïNdú;dj 25% la o fõ'
(i) fjf<kaod Tyqf.a uqΩ f;d.hu úl=Kd .ekSfï iïNdú;dj l=ula o@
(ii) fjf<kaod Tyqf.a uqΩ whsialS%ï f;d.hu úl=Kd we;ehs ° we;akï" ld,.=Kh WKqiqïj ;sîfï
iïNdú;dj l=ula o@

(b) mqoa.,hska W!k-nr" idudkH-nr iy wê-nr f,i jr®.SlrKh ls¯ug Y¯r ialkaO or®Ylh (BMI)
fhdod .kq ,efí' jr®.SlrKh my; oelafõ'
W!k-nr : BMI ≤ 18.5 kï"
idudkH-nr : 18.5 < BMI < 25.0 kï"
wê-nr : BMI ≥ 25.0 kï"
tla;rd .ykhl" mqoa.,hskaf.a Y¯r ialkaO or®Ylh (BMI)" uOHkH 20 iy iïu; wm.ukh
4 la j m%u;j jHdma; ù we;'
(i) by; tla tla lKavdhug wh;a jk mqoa., m%;sY;h .Kkh lrkak'
(ii) by; úia;r lrk ,o .ykfhka mqoa.,hska 200 la wyUq f,i f;dard .ekqKs kï" f;dard
.;a mqoa.,hska w;r W!k-nr mqoa.,hska lSfofkla wfmalaId l< yels o@

15. rlaIK ,dNsfhla udihla ;=< jka† b,a,Sï 2la b†˙m;a ls¯ug we;s yelshdj jka† b,a,Sï 3la b†˙m;a
ls¯ug we;s yelshdj fuka fo.=Khla hehs Wml,amkh lrkak' fuu rlaIK ,dNshd udihla ;=< b†˙m;a
lrk b,a,Sï ixLHdj" X iïNdú;d ialkaO Y%s;h
−λ x
e λ
P(X = x) = , x = 0, 1, 2 .... i|yd jk mqjdfidaka jHdma;shla wkq.ukh lrkafka hehs is;kak'
x!
(a) λ fidhkak'
(b) rlaIK ,dNshd udihla ;=< wvq ;rñka jka† b,a,ï S tlla fyda b†˙m;a ls¯fï iïNdú;dj
fidhkak' ^Tng e−5 ≅ 0.6065 hehs .; yelsh'&
(c) rlaIK ,dNshd fï wdldrhg u iEu udihlu fkdlvjd jka† b,a,Sï b†˙m;a ls¯u is≥ lrkafka
kï" jirl ° b†˙m;a lrk b,a,Sï ixLHdfjys wfmalaIs; w.h fidhkak'

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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16. mjq,a 50l udisl wdodhï my; j.=fjys idrdxY lr we;'

wdodhu ^remsh,a& mjq,a ixLHdj
10 000 - 14 999 2
15 000 - 19 999 8
20 000 - 24 999 15
25 000 - 29 999 9
30 000 - 34 999 6
35 000 - 39 999 5
40 000 - 44 999 3
45 000 - 49 999 2

(i) iq≥iq fla;k l%uhla fhdod .ksñka udisl wdodhfuys uOHkHh" uOHia:h iy ud;h .Kkh
lrkak'
(ii) udisl wdodhfuys wka;Ya p;=r®:l mrdih ksudkh lrkak'
(iii) udisl wdodhu re' 20 000 g wvq mjq,a wvq wdodhï mjq,a f,i ie,fla' wvq wdohï Wmhk mjq,a
m%;sY;h .Kkh lrkak'
(iv) wvq wdodhï Wmhk ishÆ u mjq,a i|yd wdodhu re' 20 000 olajd kexùug iykdOdrhla fok ,°'
iykdOdrh °fuka miq mjq,aj, udisl wdodhfuys wka;Ya p;=r®:l mrdih l=ula o@

17. jHdmD;shl l%shdldrlï w;r iïnkaO;d iy tla tla l%shdldrlu i`oyd .;jk ld,hka my;
oelafõ'

ldr®hh wdikak;u .;jk ld,h
mQr®j ls%hdj ^i;sj,ska&
A − 2
B A 3
C A 5
D B 8
E B, C 4
F E 6
G D, F 7
H G 9

(i) jHdmD;s cd,h f.dv k`.kak'

(ii) jHdmD;sfha wjê l%%shdldrlï ,shd olajkak'
(iii) wdrïN l< yels blaukau fõ,dj" wjika l< yels blaukau fõ,dj" wdrïN l< yels
m%%udou fõ,dj" wjika l< yels m%%udou fõ,dj yd bmsÆu we;=<;a tla tla l%%shdldrlu i|yd
ld, Wmf,aLkhla ilia lrkak'
(iv) jHdmD;sh i|yd .;jk uqΩ ld,h °r®> fkdlr" mud l< fkdyels l%h
s% dldrlï fudkjd o@

* * *

w'fmd'i'^W'fm<& úNd.h - 2019 iy bkamiqj meje;afjk úNd. i|yd m%Yak m;% jHQyh yd uQ,dlD;s m%Yak - .◊;h

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