Group: 7-8 (math sheet-4)

1.KAMRAN -

2021331503

2.FAHMID -

2021331504

3.JAYED -

2021331508

4.SHOWRAV-

2021331509

5.RAFI -

2021331510

6.FERDAUS –

2021331546
 Exact Differential Equations
The equation 𝑴𝒅𝒙 + 𝑵𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 is called an exact Differential Equation if the general
solution

of the equation is 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = 𝒄 Where 𝑀&𝑁 are 𝑓𝑥 . of 𝑥 & 𝑦. The Necessary condition for

exaction: If the equation 𝑴𝒅𝒙 + 𝑵𝒅𝒚 is exact then

𝛛𝑴 𝛛𝑵
= .
𝛛𝒚 𝛛𝒙

Proof:

Let the equation 𝑴𝒅𝒙 + 𝑵𝒅𝒚 is exact. So, it has exact differential.

Let it is 𝑑𝑓
𝒅𝒇 = 𝑴𝒅𝒙 + 𝑵𝒅𝒚

Since, 𝑓 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦). So, from the th of -total derivatives we get

𝛛𝒇 𝛛𝒇
𝒅𝒇 = 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒅𝒚.
𝛛𝒙 𝛛𝒇
𝛛𝒇 𝛛𝒇
𝐨𝐫, 𝑴𝒅𝒙 + 𝑵𝟐 𝒚 = 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒅𝒚
𝛛𝒙 𝛛𝒚
𝛛𝒇 𝛛𝒇
∴𝑴= &𝑵 = .
𝛛𝒙 𝛛𝒚

Now;

𝛛𝑴 𝛛 𝛛𝒇 𝛛𝟐 𝒇 𝛛𝟐 𝒇
= ( ) = 𝛛𝒚𝛛𝒙 = 𝛛𝒙𝛛𝒚
𝛛𝒚 𝛛𝒚 𝛛𝒙
𝛛𝑴 𝛛 𝛛𝒇
or = ( )
𝛛𝒚 𝛛𝒙 𝛛𝒚
𝛛𝑴 𝛛𝑵
or, = .
𝛛𝒚 𝛛𝒙

So, This is the necessany Conditions.

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Sufficiant Condition: if ∂𝑦 = ∂𝑥 then the differential Equ. 𝑀𝑑𝑥 +
𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 0 is excact.
 ∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Sol: Let, = − (4)
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
Let, 𝐹 = ∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 where 𝑦 is constant.
∂𝐹
⇒ =𝑀
∂𝑥

∂2 𝐹ˆ ∂2 𝐹 ∂𝐹 ∂𝑀
Now, = = 2/ ∂𝑦 ( ) = .
∂𝑥 ∂𝑦 ∂𝑦 ∂𝑥 ∂𝑥 ∂𝑦
∂2 𝐹 ∂𝑀
⇒ =
∂𝑥 ∂𝑦 ∂𝑦
∂2 𝐹 ∂𝑁
⇒ = .
∂𝑥 ∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝐹
⇒ ∂/ ∂𝑥 (∂𝑁 − ) = 0
𝑟𝑦
∂𝑝
⇒ (𝑁 − ) = 𝜙(𝑦)
∂𝑦
∂𝐹
⇒𝑁= + 𝜑(𝑦)
∂𝑦

Now, Mdx+N dy

∂𝐹 ∂𝐹
= 𝑑𝑥 + { + 𝜙(𝑦)} 𝑑𝑦
∂𝑥 ∂𝑦
∂𝑅 ∂𝑅
= 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑞(𝑦)𝑑𝑦.
∂𝑥 ∂𝑦
= 𝑑𝐹 + 𝜙(𝑦)𝑑𝑦.
= 𝑑𝐹 + 𝑑 ∫ 𝜙(𝑦)𝑑𝑦.

= 𝑑 {𝐹 + ∫ 𝜙(𝑦)𝑑𝑦} = 𝑑𝑓

Where, 𝒇 = 𝒇 + ∫ 𝝓(𝒚)𝒅𝒚 This is the sufficient which is independent from x.

W0rking Rule
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
1 If ∂𝑦
= ∂𝑥
then the equ. 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 0 will be exact. In this case
∫𝑦 cons. 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (𝑁 excluded the term containing 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0
 ∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
2 If M dx +𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 0 be not exact that is ≠ and 𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦 ≠ 0 then multiply
∂𝑥 ∂𝑥
1
by I.F = , it will be enact. Follow Rule -1.
𝑀𝑥−𝑁𝑦
∂𝑀
3 3 If the D. Equation of the form ∫ (𝒙, 𝒚)𝒚𝒅𝒙 + 𝝓(𝒙, 𝒚)𝒙𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 & not exact, ≠
∂𝑦
∂𝑁
, 𝑀𝑥 − 𝑁𝑦 >≠ 0
∂𝑥

(Ix)

(1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 (1 − 𝑥/𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀 = 1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 , ℕ = 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 (1 − 𝑥/𝑦)
∂𝑀 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥𝑒 𝑥/𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑦 (− 2 ) = − 2
∂𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
∂𝑁
= 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 (0 − 1/𝑦) + (1 − 𝑥/𝑦)𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 ⋅ ∂𝑥(𝑥/𝑦).
∂𝑥
𝑥
𝑒𝑦 1 𝑥
= − + 𝑥 − 2 = 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 :
𝑦 𝑦
𝑦𝑒 𝑦
= −𝑥𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 /𝑦 2

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
∴ ∂𝑦
= ∂𝑥
. So, the given eqn is exact In this case

∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (𝑁, exeluded term contaning 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 𝐶

y const.

⇒ ∫ (1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 0𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐

⇒ 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 /1/𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑐

Solve

(1) (3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑦 = 0

(11) (𝑥 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑦 3 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
(III) 3𝑥(𝑥𝑦 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 3 + 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
(iv) (2𝑥 3 + 3𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0
(v) (𝑦 + 𝑥sin 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 − 2𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
(v1) (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦 3 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦)1 𝑑𝑦 = 0
(vii) (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
(VIII) 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = 0
(ix) (1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 (1 − 𝑥/𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
(x) (1 + 𝑥𝑦)y𝑑𝑥 + (1 − 𝑥𝑦)𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
(xi) (𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 y)𝑑𝑦 = 0

(II) (𝑥 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀 = 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 , 𝑁 = 3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 3
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
⇒ = 6𝑥𝑦, = 6𝑥𝑦.
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Since, = , so eqn, (1) is exact
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∴ ∫𝑦 const. 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (𝑁, excluded the term containing x )dy) = 𝑐1

⇒ ∫ (𝑥 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
⇒ 𝑥 4 /4 + 3𝑦 2 𝑥 2 /2 + 𝑦 4 /4 = 𝑐1
⇒ 𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 = 𝑐, [𝑐 = 4𝑐1 ].

Ans…

(iv) (2𝑥 3 + 3𝑦)dx + (3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1)dy = 0

Soln:

𝑀 = 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑦, 𝑁 = 3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
⇒ = 3, =3
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Here, ∂𝑦
= ∂𝑥
, So, the eqn is exact
In this case the solution is
∫𝑦 const. 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (𝑁, excluding the term Containing
𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
 ⇒ ∫ (𝑧𝑥 3 + 3𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
⇒ 2 ⋅ 𝑥 4 /4 + 3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 /2 − 𝑦 = 𝑐1
⇒ 𝑥 4 + 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 = 𝑐1

(v) (𝑦 + 𝑥sin 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 − 2𝑒𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 - (i)

Here

𝑀 = 𝑦 + 𝑥sin 𝑥 𝑁 = 𝑥 − 2𝑒 𝑦

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
= 1, =1
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥

So, the e𝑞 𝑛 . is exact.

In this case the eqn will be

∫ (𝑦 + 𝑥sin 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (−2𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1

⇒ 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 − 2𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑐

𝑣𝑖 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦 3

+sin 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Here, ∂𝑦
= ∂𝑥
is exact.
∴ The soln. of the o. 𝑥 2 − 4

∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒1

⇒ ∫ (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (−sin 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1

⇒ 𝑥 3 /3 − 2 ⋅ 𝑥 2 /2𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 4 + cos 𝑦 = 𝑐1
⇒ 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 4 + 3 cos 𝑦 = c [c = 3c1]

VII

(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
Here, 𝑀 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑁 = −𝑥𝑦

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
⇒ = 2𝑦, = −𝑦
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
 ∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
Since, ≠ . So, the given eqn is 𝑛𝑜𝑡 exact Now)
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥

𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑥 + (−𝑥𝑦)𝑦
= 𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑥 3 ≠ 0

1 1
∴ I. 𝐹 = = 3
𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦 𝑥
Now, Multiplying the given eqn by 1/𝑥 3

1 𝑦2
⇒ ( + 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 − x𝑦/𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 𝑥

1 y2
Here, 𝑀 = + , 𝑁 = −y/𝑥 2
𝑥 𝑥3

= ln 𝑥 − 𝑦 2 /2𝑥 2 = 𝑐
⇒ 2𝑥 2 ln 𝑥 − 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 2 𝐶

Solve of the problems:

(i)

(3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀 = 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5 , 𝑁 = 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 5
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
=2 =2
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
∵ =
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥

so the equation is exact.

Now,
 ∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ( excluded 𝑥 tums )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦const

⇒ ∫ ( 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (3𝑦 − 5) 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
3 2 𝑦2
⇒ 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 5𝑥 + 3 − 5y = 𝑐1
2 2
⇒ 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 10𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 − 10y = 2𝑐1
⇒ 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 10𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 − 10y = 𝑐 [𝑐 = 2𝑐1 ]

Ans

(iii) 3𝑥(𝑥𝑦 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 3 + 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

Here,

𝑀 = 3𝑥 2 𝑦 − 6𝑥 , 𝑁 = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑦
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
= 3𝑥 2 , = 3𝑥 2
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁 so eqn
= ,[ ]
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥 is exact.
𝑛𝑜𝑤, ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑦 − 6𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒1
𝑦const
6
⇒ 𝑥 3 𝑦 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑐1
2
⇒ 2𝑥 3 𝑦 − 6𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 2𝑒1
⇒ 𝑥 3 𝑦 − 3𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑐1

(Ans)

(𝑣𝑖) (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦 3 + sin 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

Here,

𝑀 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 , 𝑁 = 4𝑥𝑦 3 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 − sin 𝑦

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
= −4𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 3 , = 4𝑦 3 − 4𝑥𝑦
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
∵ = , [so, eq is exact ]
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥

now
 ∫ (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑥 − ∫ sin 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
1 3
⇒ 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 4 + cos 𝑦 = 𝑐1
3
⇒ 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 4 + 3cos 𝑦 = 3𝑐1
⇒ 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 4 + 3 cos 𝑦 = 𝑐 [3𝑐1 = 𝑐]

(VIII) 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 - (1)

Here,

𝑀 = 𝑦2
∂𝑀
= 2𝑦 , , 𝑁 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2
∂𝑦
∂𝑁
= 2𝑥 − 𝑦
∂𝑥

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁 as it is Homogennus
as, ≠ [ ]
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥 (𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦)

𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦 3 ≠ 0
1 1
so, I.F = =
𝑀𝑥+𝑁𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑦−𝑦 3

now, I.F × (1)

 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2
+ 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥2𝑦 − 𝑦3 𝑥2𝑦 − 𝑦3
𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
⇒ 2 + =0
𝑥 − 𝑦2 𝑦(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )
𝑦𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
⇒ 2 2
+( − 2 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 −𝑦 𝑦 𝑥 − 𝑦2
𝑦 1 𝑥
now, 𝑀 = 2 2
,𝑁 = − 2
𝑥 −𝑦 𝑦 𝑥 − 𝑦2
𝑦 1
∫ 2 2
𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
𝑥 −𝑦 𝑦
1 𝑥−𝑦 1
⇒ 𝑦 ln | | + ln 𝑦 = ln 𝐶
2𝑦 𝑥+𝑦 2

𝑥−𝑦
→ ln 𝑦 2 ⋅ ( ) = ln 𝑐
𝑥+𝑦
𝑦 2 (𝑥 − 𝑦)
⇒ =𝑐
𝑥+𝑦
⇒ 𝑦 2 (𝑥 − 𝑦) = 𝑐(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑥
(ix) (1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 (1 − ) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦
𝑥
𝑀 = 1 + 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 , 𝑁 = 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦
𝑦
∂𝑀 𝑥 𝑥 ∂𝑁 1 1 1𝑥
= −𝑒 𝑦 2 = 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 ⋅ − 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦
∂𝑦 𝑦 ∂𝑥 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦𝑦
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁 𝑥
= = −𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 2
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥 𝑦
𝑥
∫ (1 + 𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 0𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐1
𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 ⋅ 𝑦
⇒𝑥+ + 𝑐 = 𝑐1
1
⇒ 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 = 𝑐
(x) (𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 (1)
𝑀 = 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑁 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦
∂𝑀
= 1 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑁 = 1 − 2𝑥𝑦
∂𝑦
as it is not homogenous
now, 𝑀𝑥 − 𝑁𝑦 = [ ]
𝑀𝑥 − 𝑁𝑦
now, 𝑀𝑥 − 𝑁𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2
1
I. F = 2 2 = 2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ≠ 10
2𝑥 𝑦
now (1). 𝑥 I.F.
𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑥2 − 𝑥2𝑦
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 2𝑥 2 𝑦 2
1 + 𝑥𝑦 (1 − 𝑥𝑦)
⇒ 2
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
2𝑥 𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 2
1 1 1 1
→ ( 2 + ) 𝑑𝑥 + ( 2 − ) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥𝑦 𝑦
1 1 1
⇒ ∫ 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
1
⇒ − + ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑥𝑦

(Xi) (𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 (1)

∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
= 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 , = −3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
∂𝑀 ∂𝑁
≠ " and (homogenous)
∂𝑦 ∂𝑥
𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑦 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2
1
I. 𝐹 = 2 2 , (1)* I.F
𝑥 𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 3𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥 3
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥2𝑦2 𝑥2𝑦2
𝑥 − 2𝑦 3𝑦 − 𝑥
⇒ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥𝑦 𝑦2
1 2 3
⇒ ∫ − 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
𝑥
⇒ − 2ln 𝑥 + 3ln 𝑦 = 𝐶
𝑦