DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

SHW 3200 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS I

LABORATORY 5: ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

OBJECTIVE
1. To identify different layers on the meninges
2. To identify various parts of the brain
3. To identify structure of the spinal cord

MATERIALS
1. Dissecting instruments
2. Skull, brain, vertebra, spinal cord

METHODS
External structure of the brain
1. Draw and label parts of the brain (before removal of dura mater).
i. Dura mater (part of meninges)
ii. Cerebrum
iii. Cerebellum
iv. Brain stem- midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata (most caudal part of brain stem and it
blends into spinal cord at the level of foramen magnum)
v. Pituitary gland
vi. Optic nerve
vii. Olfactory nerve
2. Remove dura mater, then draw and label structures of the brain.
i. Pia mater (part of meninges)
ii. Gyri-elevated ridges of tissue
iii. Sulci-separated by shallow grooves
iv. Transverse fissure-deeper groove that separates cerebrum with cerebellum
v. Longitudinal fissure-separates the L and R cerebral hemispheres
vi. Lobes- frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital
Internal structure of the brain
1. Dissect the brain into half at the longitudinal fissure, then draw and label structures of the brain.
i. Gray matter
ii. White matter
iii. Corpus collasum
iv. Lateral ventricle
v. Choroid plexus
vi. Thalamus
vii. Hypothalamus
viii. Pineal gland
ix. Pituitary gland
Spinal cord
1. Dissect the spinal cord, then draw and label the cross-section.
i. Gray matter
ii. White matter
iii. Central canal