UNIVERSITY OF NORTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES

Iriga City
School of Graduate Studies and Research
School Year 2019-2020
Second Semester

Reporter : Aileen C. Santo Domingo

Course/Major : Master of Arts in Education
Major in Administration and Supervision
Professor : ELENA Q. PRAXIDES, Ed.D.
Subject : Ed 204- Supervision of Instruction
Topic : Functions of School Administration and Supervision

Functions of School Supervision

What is Supervision?
Supervision refers to the improvement of the total teaching and learning situation and the
conditions that affect them.
Supervision socialized function design to improve instruction by working with the people who are
working with the students/pupils.

Aim of Supervision
To provide necessary leadership in studying, planning, improving, coordinating and evaluating of the
school programs and in handling of the problem areas that materialize in the school.

Five Major Functions of Supervision

1. Inspection
The term refers to a study of existing school conditions.
Task of the supervisor is to survey school system in order to discover problems or defects of the
pupils, teachers, equipment, school curriculum, objects and methods of instruction, together with the
conditions that surround them.

2. Research
Formulate a plan to remedy the weakness of to solve the problem discovered.
Steps in Supervisory Research:
 a. To discover existing defects in instruction.
b. To seek improved methods of correcting defects.
c. To formulate plans to improve instruction.
d. To plan to controlled experimental conditions.
e. To measure results of experiments.
f. To formulate tentative objectives and standards.
g. To formulate a plan for general use method.
h. To present a plan to district principals for criticism, suggestions, and
approval.
3. Training
Acquainting the teachers with the solutions discovered or formulated through research is
within the training function of supervision. Training may take the form of demonstration teaching,
workshop seminars, directed observation, individual or group conference, intervisitation,
professional classes, or use of bulletins and circular.
Training as function must be based on democratic principle of supervision-respect for rights
and opinions of others. Supervision must endeavor to keep up with the best prevailing standard of
improving the total teaching learning situation.

4. Guidance
The concept of guidance has found expression in the field of the school supervision.
Guidance involves personal help given by someone. It is the function of supervision to stimulate,
direct, guide, and encourage the teachers to apply instructional procedures, techniques, principles,
and devices.
Assisting the teacher to accomplish his purpose and to solve the problems that arise in his
teaching are within the scope and guidance. Guidance like training, should be given in the spirit of
democratic leadership.

5. Evaluation
This can be considered the ultimate major function of supervision. The purpose of evaluation
is to appraise the outcomes of instruction and to improve the products and processes of instruction.
This function calls for the use of educational tests and measurements. It is the duty of the
supervisor to help develop an adequate instrument with which to measure the teaching learning
process and set up standards of attainment as are necessary for the appraisal of teacher’s progress in
teaching the pupils in his learning.

Significant purposes of Evaluation:

1. Evaluation discovers the needs of individuals being evaluated and familiarizes the
 teachers with the pupil’s needs and possibilities.
2. Evaluation relates measurement to the goals of the instructional program.
3. Evaluation serves as guide for the selection of supervisory techniques.
4. Evaluation appraises the educational growth of pupils which is the end-product of supervision.
5. Evaluation appraises the quality of supervisory processes and supervisor’s competence.
6. Evaluation appraises the quality of teaching processes and teacher’s efficiency.
7. Evaluation aids pupil-teacher planning.
8. Evaluation serves as a means of improving school-community relations.
9. Evaluation improves the selection and use guiding principles in supervision.
10. Evaluation appraises the success of the instructional program in particular and of the supervisory
program in general.

Other Functions of Supervision

1. Studying the Teaching-Learning Situation.
2. Improving the Teaching-Learning Situation.
3. Evaluating the Means, Methods and Outcomes of Supervision.

5 Primary Functions of Elementary, Secondary and Higher Education

1. Planning – is an activity of devising and selecting courses of action directed
toward the achievement of educational goals and objectives.
2. Organizing - is an activity of arranging and structuring relationship in such a way
that unified effort is made in achieving the goals and aims of education.
3. Coordinating - It is the function of school administration to coordinate all the
activities of the school to make them contribute to the realization
of educational aims and objectives.

4. Evaluating - is simply determining how effective educational programs and aims

have been achieved. Evaluation as used in school administration
includes school survey and teaching rating.
5. Leadership - is essential in all organization. The success of any school organization
depends upon the leadership of the administrators or supervisors.

Supervisory Functions of Bureau of Elementary, Secondary and Higher Education:

1. To survey the work of the school and to isolate general teaching needs.
2. To formulate plan to remove the weakness discovered.
3. To make constructive criticisms and suggestions of recitations observed.
4. To direct and guide the reading habits of teachers.
5. To create a desire on the part of the teacher for professional improvement.
6. To evaluate the results of supervisory programs in terms of pupils’ growth and accomplishment.
7. They focused attention on teachers and pupils in order to promote closer relationships between them.