Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sector:
ELECTRONICS SECTOR
Qualification:
Welcome to the module “using hand tools”. This module contains training
materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Use Hand Tools” contains the knowledge, skills
and attitudes required for Electronic Product Assembly and Servicing
course required to obtain the National Certificate (NC) level II.
If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.
You may already have some basic knowledge and skills covered in this
module. If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular
skill, talk to him/her so you do not have to undergo the same training again. If
you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings,
show it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant
to this module, they become part of the evidence. You can present these for
RPL. If you are not sure about your competence skills, discuss this with your
teacher.
DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes on the
safe use, handling and maintenance of tools.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
1. Tasks to be undertaken are properly identified
2. Appropriate hand tools are identified and selected according to the task
requirements
3. Appropriate hand tools are checked for proper operation and safety
4. Unsafe or faulty tools are identified and marked for repair according to
standard company procedure
5. Tools are used according to tasks undertaken
6. All safety procedures in using tools are observed at all times and appropriate
personal protective equipment (PPE) are used.
CONTENTS:
Identifying appropriate hand tools
Identifying tasks
Selecting appropriate hand tools
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Tasks to be undertaken properly identified.
2. Appropriate hand tools identify
3. Hand tools selected according to the task requirements.
CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling, assembling, finishing, cutting,
screwdrivers, pliers, punches
Wrenches
Files
METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture-demonstration
Self-paced instruction
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture-demonstration
Self-paced instruction
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome1: Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read the attached Information After reading this information sheet,
Sheet 5.1-1 Importance and you must be able to answer self-
types of tools and equipment. check 5.1-1
INFORMATION SHEET 5.1-1
PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN
Introduction
Tools are defined as implements used to modify raw materials for human
use. Tools can be considered as extension of the human hand thereby
increasing its speed, power, and accuracy.
Learning objectives:
After reading this information sheet the trainee must be able to:
1. Identify tools needed assembling and servicing electronic products.
2. Determine the used and function of tools used in assembling and
servicing electronic products
Advantages of using the proper tools
1. Efficiency of the work
2. High quality of work is achieved
3. Speed of accomplishment is faster
4. Accuracy
Types of tools
There are three main types of tools/equipment in the shop. One type is
known as hand tools because your hand supplies the energy to operate them.
The other type is called machine or power tools/equipment. Electricity,
compressed air, or hydraulic pressure operates these tools. This type is referred
to as power tools. Electronics has its own special tools and supplies. For
starters, you'll need a basic set of hand tools. Most electronic work is relatively
small, so you don't need huge heavy-duty tools.
Hand tools
2. Hammers are the ones you use most in the shop. They should be gripped
on the end of the handle.
3. Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs move on a
pivot so that items of various sizes can be gripped.
4. Wrenches are used to turn screws and nuts and bolts with hexagonal
heads. “Hexagonal” means six-sided. A variety of wrenches is used in the
shop.
5. Pullers are used to remove gears and hubs from shafts, bushings from
blind holes, and cylinders’ liners from the engine blocks.
Tools can be also classified according to their uses. Tools used in assembling,
and servicing electronic products can be classified as:
1. splicing tools 3. soldering tools
2. driving tools 4. boring tools and cutting tool
AUXILARY TOOLS
Learning objectives:
After reading this information sheet the trainee must be able to find
the advantages of using good condition tools
2 Hammers are the ones you use most in the shop. They should be gripped
on the end of the handle.
3 Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs move on a
pivot so that items of various sizes can be gripped.
4 Wrenches are used to turn screws and nuts and bolts with hexagonal
heads. “Hexagonal” means six-sided. A variety of wrenches is used in the
shop.
5 Pullers are used to remove gears and hubs from shafts, bushings from
blind holes, and cylinders’ liners from the engine blocks.
Power tools / Equipment
A. Electric tools
1. Electric drill has an electric motor that drives a chuck. The chuck has jaws
that can be opened and then closed to grip a drill kit.
3. Vacuum cleaner is used for cleaning the floor and also for cleaning car
interiors after service.
B. Pneumatic tools
4. Air racket uses the sockets and attachments from a standard socket set.
5. Pneumatic floor jack uses compressed air to flow into the jack cylinder
and causes the ram to extend and raise the vehicle.
C. Hydraulic tools
1. Car lifts-single or double post are both have pads that must be
positioned under the designated lift points of the car frame.
2 Hydraulic floor jack is used to raise the lifting saddle. A lever on the
handle releases the pressure so that the saddle and load will settle
back down.
3 Portable crane is used for such jobs as lifting the engine out of the
car. It is operated hydraulically by a hand pump.
The different kinds of measuring tools that are being used in electrical
workshop otherwise known as “Rule” are:
1. The two foot four folding rule 4. Push pull tape rule
2. The extension rule 5. Slide caliper rule
3. The zigzag rule 6. Marking gauge
2. Push pull Tapeis used to measure longer distances available from one
meter to 50 meters long.
Electricity improves life. During power failures, much work and many
routine activities grind to a halt. However, electricity can cause serious injury
and even death if you fail to follow electrical safety practices, particularly in
the workplace.
Electricity is recognized widely as a serious workplace hazard that
exposes employees to electric shock, burns, fires, and explosions. According
to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), 289 employees were killed by contact
with electric current in 2002. Others were killed or injured in fires and
explosions caused by electricity.
Soldering technique
a. Hold the soldering iron like a pen, near the base of the handle.
b. Touch the soldering iron onto the joint to be soldered.
c. Apply a small amount of solder onto the joint.
d. Remove the solder, then the soldering iron, while keeping the joint in still
position.
e. Inspect the joint closely. It should look shiny and with a volcano shape.
1 Do not use this type of the soldering instrument with light soldering work.
It might damage the Electronic components and PCB because of its very
high temperature. If the soldering tip fails to achieve its maximum
temperature, tighten the two nuts holding the tip of the soldering gun.
2 Do not use in mass production assembly. It might be overheated.
3 This type of soldering equipment is more convenient where only few
connections are to be made requiring much higher temperature like direct
chassis soldering.
Procedure in Using the Desoldering Tool
High torque requires a lot of force to keep the tool from twisting. Before
using a drill, be sure to tighten the chuck jaw and secure the drill bit
properly. The materials to be bored and the drill bit must be at 90 degrees
angle to achieve efficient boring operation.
1 When using a file, keep a firm grip on its handle at all times.
2 Do not blow filings as they may get into your eyes.
3 Always use a file card in cleaning a file.
1 Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more
likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear” instead of cut.
2 Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.
3 Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or
loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and can snap easily.
Personal Protection Equipment
People have used personal protective equipment (PPE) for centuries to
protect themselves while they work.
Personal protective equipment today, as in the past, makes working safer
and more productive.
WORK PRACTICES
THE WRONG WAY THE RIGHT WAY
Repetitious hand work may cause Use hand tools or power tools
pain and result in permanent injury, whenever
possible
limiting your ability to use your
Keep tools close to your body to
hands in any kind of work. reduce
Fatigue and increase productivity.
The force and awkward • Avoid manual wire pulling and use a
posture required to pull tagger or a hand tool whenever
possible
wire by hands is hard and
• Communication between the puller and
tiring.
feeder to coordinate movements will make
the job easier and safer.
• Use lighter-weight tools.
SAFETY TIPS
• Use a good-quality multi meter with external fused leads when measuring
voltage on energized electrical equipment. Fuses and thermal resistors
inside older multi meters cannot react quickly enough to protect against
sudden spikes in voltage.
- Expect line voltages to be 20 percent higher than rated when build-out
capacitors are connected to the electric circuit. The investigation found
that build-out capacitors may have caused higher than rated voltages at
the motor input terminals
- Use a multi meter rated at least 25 percent higher than the expected
voltage when testing energized electrical equipment. This allows for spikes
in voltage.
-
SELF – CHECK 5.2-1
Directions: Write only the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. When using a grinding wheel:
a. always wear safety goggles
b. never adjust the tool rest when the grinder is running
c. never touch the wheel when it is rotating
d. used apron
2. Technician A says it is all right to perform activity without permission from
the teacher because he knows the procedure. Technician B says you
should seek permission from the teacher before performing any activity.
Who is right?
a. Electrician A
b. Electrician B
c. neither A or B
d. both A and B
3. The two basic types of tools used in the shop are:
a. power tools and machine tools
b. hand tools and power tools
c. screwdrivers and wrenches
d. hand tools and cutting tools
4. To tighten wood screw accurately, use:
a. tension wrench
b. screw driver
c. hammer
d. mallet
5.The simplest wrench used is the:
a. open-end wrench
b box wrench
c socket
d adjustable wrench
6 The hammer used most often in the electrical shop is the:
a.claw hammer
b. plastic-tipped hammer
c. brass hammer
d. rawhide hammer
7 American Wire Gauge:
a. measure thickness of wire,
b.has a pair of blades.
c.is marked in inches and fractions of an inch
d has a blade of two thickness
8 A thickness-gauge which is often called:
a. wire stripper
b. double-thickness gauge
c. go-no-go gauge
d. micrometer gauge
9 It is used to measure longer
distances available from one meter
to 50 meters long.
a. zig-zag rule
b. push pull tape rule
c. marking gauge
d. slide caliper rule
ANSWER KEY TO SELF – CHECK 5.2-1
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
INFORMATION SHEET 5.2-2
Learning objectives:
After reading this information sheet the trainee is able to identify non-
functional tools and equipment.
2 Use the appropriate materials, tools, instrument and equipment as per job or task
requirement.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ANSWER KEY OF SELF CHECK 5.1-2
1. visual inspection
2. functionality
3. performance
4. power supply
5. person’s involved
Information Sheet 5.2-3
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this information sheet the trainee is able to identify PPE
and its proper use.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ANSWER KEY OF SELF CHECK 5.2-3
SELECT THE RIGHT TOOL. Choose tools that fit your hand comfortably and
have soft grips. A good handle grip prevents your hand from slipping while
using the tool. Consider using tools that reduce the amount of force or
movements you use.
Pliers of various types are used by practically every tool user, both
amateur and professional. There are many types and sizes; each designed
for specific uses, although their versatility makes some pliers adaptable for
many jobs. Choose the right pliers for the job.
COMPETENCY BASED J
LEARNING MATERIAL IN
D
- Never extend the length of handles to secure greater leverage. Use a
larger pair of pliers or a bolt cutter.
o Pliers should not be used on nuts or bolts. A wrench will do the job
better and with less risk of damage to the fastener.
o Oil pliers occasionally. A drop of oil at the hinge will lengthen tool life
and assure easy operation.
o Safety glasses or goggles should be worn when cutting wire, etc. to
protect eyes.
Proper Uses. These are heavy-duty tools designed for the professional
engaged in electrical, communications and construction work.
IRONWORKER'S PLIERS
Description. These pliers are very similar to Linemen's pliers except that they
have a hook bend on one handle and may have a coil spring to hold the jaws
open. Sizes range from 7 to 9 inches in length. Available in standard and high
leverage patterns.
Proper Uses. These wire cutting pliers are designed for tying concrete
reinforcing bars and form work involving puling, twisting and cutting wire.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose pliers to excessive heat. Don't rock pliers from
side to side when cutting wire. Always cut at right angles. Never use pliers as a
hammer or drop on hard or paved surfaces.
Date Developed:
NCY BASED January 8, 2017
Description. Diagonal Cutters are made in several patterns ranging from the
high leverage, heavy-duty pattern down to the midget pattern for electrical
work. They are available with and without a top bevel on the cutting edges for
flush cutting. Some have wire skinning holes-some have coil springs to open
the jaws. Handles may be plastic dipped, slip-on molded plastic, or plain. Sizes
range from 4 to 8 inches in length.
Proper Uses. Diagonal Cutting pliers are designed for electrical, electronic,
telephone, general and automotive work. Flush cutting edge pliers should be
used only for cutting small soft wires used in electronic wire. It is
recommended that the standard cutting edge pliers be used for all general
cutting requirements except hard wire.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose pliers to excessive heat. Don't rock pliers from
side to side when cutting wire. Always cut at right angles. Never use pliers as a
hammer, or drop on hard or paved surfaces.
Description. Often referred to as "Duck Bill," these pliers have a flat nose in
various widths. Available with plain or plastic dipped handles in sizes from
41/2 to 8 inches in length.
Proper Uses. Flat Nose pliers have diverse uses in the electrical, telephone,
electronic and other fields. They are extensively used in typewriter repair and
assembly work and in textile weaving and knitting operations.
Proper Uses. End Cutting pliers are designed for cutting soft wire, nails, rivets,
etc. close to work.
End cutters are ideal for cutting tie
wires close to the concrete wall.
Proper Uses. These versatile tools are designed for a wide range of service involving
gripping, turning and bending.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Never use as a hammer.
Never place a piece of pipe on plier to achieve more strength.
When to Repair or Replace. Attempts to repair these pliers are not recommended.
Discard any plier that is cracked, broken or sprung.
TONGUE AND GROOVE PLIERS
Description. These wide-range capacity pliers are made with a tongue and groove
adjustment design. Jaw capacities up to 4-1/4 inches are available.
Jaws may be smooth, straight, or curved toothed. Sizes range from 4-1/2 to 16
inches in length.
Proper Uses. These pliers are widely used by plumbers, electricians, auto
mechanics and professionals in the construction and industrial fields. They will
grip round, square, flat and hexagonal objects and are capable of applying
limited torque without damage to the work.
Proper Uses. These wrenches are combination tools which function as pliers,
wrenches, portable vises or clamps. They are not intended to replace open-end
or box wrenches because of possible damage to the fitting or fastener.
INTRODUCTION
The screwdriver is probably the most abused tool. Screwdrivers are available
in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and materials. But, they are all intended for
one simple use: driving and withdrawing threaded fasteners such as wood
screws, machine screws, and self-tapping screws. Unfortunately, the
screwdriver is misused for prying, chiseling, scraping, scoring – and only
sometimes for its intended use of driving screws!
Make sure that the tip fits the slot of the screw; not too loose and
not too tight. (See figure 2)
Do not use a screwdriver as a cold chisel or punch.
Do not use a screwdriver near live wires (or any other tool, for that
matter).
Do not expose a screwdriver to excessive heat.
Redress a worn tip with a file in order to regain a good straight
edge.
Discard a screwdriver that has a worn or broken handle.
A screwdriver should never be used as a pry bar. If it is over-
stressed in this manner, the blade might break and send a particle of
steel into the operator's arm or perhaps even into his eye.
1 This tip is too narrow for the screw slot; it will bend or break under
pressure.
2 A rounded or worn tip. Such a tip will ride out of the slot as pressure
is applied.
3 This tip is too thick. It will only serve to chew up the slot of the screw.
4 A chisel ground tip will also ride out of the screw slot. Best to discard
it.
5 This tip fits, but it is too wide and will tear the wood as the screw is
driven home.
6 The right tip. This tip is a snug fit in the slot and does not project
beyond the screw head.
Always make a pilot hole before driving a screw. This is especially important
when driving a screw into hardwood or when the screw is near the edge of a
board. Pilot holes can be made in softwood, and in some hardwoods, with an
awl – if the screws to be used are small. However, if you are driving No. 6 and
larger screws it is best to drill a pilot hole or use a threaded screw hole
starter. Pilot holes should always be made if the screws are to be driven into
dense hardwoods. If the screw is a flathead, the pilot hole should also be
countersunk so the head of the screw will be flush with the work when it is
driven home.
o Insert the tip of the screw in the pilot hole. Insert the screwdriver tip
in the slot of the screw. Hold the tip steady with one hand and make sure
the shank of the screwdriver is perpendicular to the head of the screw and
in line with the shank of the screw.
o Use the left hand (if you are right-handed) to keep the blade steady as
you turn the handle of the screwdriver.
o After the screw is almost in, it is safe to use both hands as shown for
extra turning power to seat the screw. Note the position of the left hand (if
you are right-handed). This will allow additional downward pressure to be
applied, thus making certain that the driver tip is firmly seated in the
screw slot. If the screw is a flathead, make sure that the pilot hole has a
countersunk recess at top and screwdriver tip is narrow enough to avoid
touchy
Unless you have drilled or made some sort of a pilot hole, a screw will
tend to follow the grain of the wood. So, having drilled or made a pilot hole,
hold the screw as indicated in Fig. 4 with the screwdriver tip firmly engaged in
the slot. Turn the screwdriver gently to engage the first one or two threads of
the screw and make sure that the screw is being driven straight.
After the screw has been started, and you know it will be driven straight,
remove your fingers from the screw and apply your talents and attention to the
screwdriver. The screw should now be absolutely perpendicular to the surface
of the work (unless the screw is to be driven at an angle) with the screwdriver
held in line with the screw.
Fig 5
Figure 5
Now that we have learned a little bit of how to use a screwdriver, let's
consider the various kinds of screwdrivers that are available and the right and
wrong way to use – and abuse – these screwdrivers.
The so-called standard or conventional screwdriver is used for screws
with slotted heads.
These screwdrivers are usually classified according to tip width and blade length.
Generally, the longer the length, the wider the tip – but not always as some rather long
screwdrivers may have a narrow tip.
Cabinet style screwdrivers, which have long shanks and narrow tips, are useful for
driving screws into recessed and counter bored openings in fine furniture and,
obviously, cabinets. On the other hand, there are short, stubby screwdrivers with rather
wide tips for driving screws in confined quarters
Don't use a screwdriver whose tip extends beyond the length of the slot
in the screw. Too wide a tip will chew up the wood as the screw is being driven
home. See FIG. 8.
FIG. 8
The great assortment of screwdrivers available today means that you can
buy a screwdriver in practically any length and in any tip size desired.
Most screwdriver tips are tapered. The tip thickness determines the size
of the screw that the screwdriver will drive without damaging the screw slot.
The taper permits the screwdriver to drive more than one size of screw.
Drill plot and clearance holes when driving screws that are near the edge of a
board. A little wax on the threads will ease the job. See FIG. 9.
FIG. 9
Heavy duty screwdrivers are available with square shanks so that a
wrench can be used on the shank for extra turning power. Never use pliers
on a screwdriver shank when the going gets tough. You will only wind up by
chewing up the shank. What to do in such a case? Use the largest possible
screwdriver that will fit the slot of the screw.
As a rule, the bigger the screwdriver, the larger the diameter of the
handle, and the larger the diameter of the handle, the greater the torque, or
turning power. If absolutely necessary, use a wrench on the shank to apply
the extra power (torque) needed. But, use a wrench only on a screwdriver
with a square shank especially designed for that purpose.
Always split the wood if you drive a screw too close to the endof the work
without first drilling a pilot and clearance hole. See FIG. 10.
RATCHET SCREWDRIVERS
Fig 2
When using any spiral ratchet screwdriver, it is best to push down firmly
and slowly – until the screw is properly started – otherwise you may find that
the bit has slipped out of the slot. These screwdrivers should be stored only in
the extended position to prevent the possibility of a sudden, unexpected release
by someone unfamiliar with the tool.
Large screws in tough wood can be easily driven by using special bits that fit
into a carpenter's brace. Because tremendous turning power is generated by
the brace, make sure you have a proper pilot hole, as it is quite easy to shear
off the head or even twist the screw in half if too much pressure is applied to a
balky screw.
Needless to say, it is always best to drill a pilot hole when driving large
screws with a carpenter's brace. FIG. 12. shows Special screwdriver bit that can
be chucked into carpenter's brace.
Fig 12
FIG. 13
Never, never ever use a screwdriver as a cold chisel. Just look what
Hazardous has done to the tip of a perfectly good screwdriver. In addition, he is
not even wearing safety goggles. FIG.14.
FIG.14
The most common screw with a recessed "slot" is the Phillips screw. These screws
have what appear to be two slots at right angles to each other. But, a conventional
screwdriver should never be used to drive a Phillips screw – or any other type of
screw with a specialized opening. Fig.4. shows the screwdrivers especially designed
to drive for different fasteners.
In addition to the types of screws and screwdrivers described so far, there are
many screwdrivers whose use is quite specialized. Let us look at some.
FIG 17
Fig 8
FIG. 24.
See FIG. 22. FIG.24
The Awl. A handy accessory to a screwdriver set is an awl. With it, you can
make a starting hole in soft wood for a screw. Force the awl into the wood with
a twisting motion. The hole need not be as deep as the length of the screw.
With large screws – and especially when working with hard wood – it is always
advisable to first drill a pilot hole before attempting to drive the screw
The Awl. A handy accessory to a screwdriver set is an awl. With it, you can
make a starting hole in soft wood for a screw. Force the awl into the wood
with a twisting motion. The hole need not be as deep as the length of the
screw. With large screws – and especially when working with hard wood – it is
always advisable to first drill a pilot hole before attempting to drive the
screw.
FIG 26.
FIG 25.
This device drills a
An awl can pilot hole, a
be used to clearance hole,
make a and countersunk
starting hole recess for flathead
for small screws all in one
screws in operation.
AWL
soft wood.
DO'S AND DON'T WHEN USING SCREWDRIVERS
Don't hold the work in one hand while using the screwdriver with the other. If the
screwdriver slips out of the slot (we told you to use the right size screwdriver!) you will
be most likely to receive a gash on your hand.
Don't use a screwdriver with rounded edges or tips; it will slip and cause damage
to the work or yourself.
A rounded tip should be redressed with a file; make sure the edges are straight.
Don't use a screwdriver near a live wire or for electrical testing.
Don't use a screwdriver to check a storage battery or to determine if an electrical
circuit is live.
o Don't use a screwdriver for prying, punching, chiseling, scoring, or
scraping.
o Use a screw-holding screwdriver to get screws started in awkward,
hard-to-reach areas.
o Use an offset screwdriver in close quarters where a conventional
screwdriver cannot be used.
o Use a ratchet-type screwdriver for speed and comfort when a great
number of screws are to be driven.
o Don't use pliers on the handle of a screwdriver to get extra turning
power. A wrench should only be used on the square shank or bolster of a
screwdriver that is especially designed for that purpose.
o Don't expose a screwdriver blade to excessive heat as it may reduce
the hardness of the blade.
o Don't use a screwdriver for stirring paint.
o Don't use a screwdriver with a split or broken handle.
o Screwdrivers used in the shop are best stored in a rack. This way, the
proper selection of the right screwdriver can be quickly made.
o Keep the screwdriver handle clean; a greasy handle is apt to cause an
accident.
o A screwdriver should never be used as a pry bar. If it is over-stressed
in this manner, the blade might break and send a particle of steel into the
operator's arm or perhaps even towards his eye.
SELF – CHECK 5.2-1A
A. Match the statement at the right with the closest answers at the left.
Write only the letter of your answer.
Column A Column B
1. Pliers are designed for A. Long nose
electrical, telephone and electronic work B. Tongue and groove
involving smaller wire gauges. They will C. Screwdriver
reach into awkward places and perform work D. Awl
difficult with any other tool. E. Flat
2. are ideal for cutting tie wires F. Worn
close to the concrete wall. G. Lineman’ plier
3. pliers are widely used by plumbers, H. Plier
electricians, auto mechanics and professionals I. Offset
in the construction and industrial fields. They J. Cold chisel
will grip round, square, flat and hexagonal K. End cutters
objects and are capable of applying limited
torque without damage to the work.
4. are intended for one simple use:
driving and withdrawing threaded fasteners
such as wood screws, machine screws, and self-
tapping screws.
5. By using an , you can make a
starting hole in soft wood for a screw.
6. Use an screwdriver in close
quarters where a conventional screwdriver
cannot be used.
.
. SEL
F-CHECK 5.3-
1B
I. Directions:
Write T if the statement is
correct and F if it is wrong.
B. Match the statement at the right with the closest answers at the left.
Write only the letter of your answer.
Column A Column B
A 1. Pliers are designed for L. Long nose
electrical, telephone and electronic work involving M. Tongue and
smaller wire gauges. They will reach into awkward groove
places and perform work difficult with any other N. Screwdriver
O. Awl
tool P. Flat
___L___2_________are ideal for cutting tie wires Q. Worn
R. Lineman plier
close to the concrete wall S. Plier
T. Oil
___N__3______pliers are widely used by plumbers, U. Offset
electricians, auto mechanics and professionals in V. Cold chisel
W. End cutters
the construction and industrial fields. They will
grip round, square, flat and hexagonal objects
and are capable and are capable of applying
limited torque without damage to the work
___C___4____are intended for one simple use:
driving and withdrawing threaded fastener such
as wood screw, machine screw, and self-tapping
screws.
___D___5___. By using an ___you can make a
starting hole in soft wood for a screw.
___J 6. Use an ___ screwdriver in close quarter
where a conventional screwdriver cannot be used
Answer key of Self- check 5.3-1B
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
Assessment Methods
estioning*Oral
Written Test*
Observation
Work Sample
Demonstration
Assessment Criteria
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Module Title Use hand tools
Unit of Using Hand tools
competency:
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the student [insert description of activity being observed].
2. Describe the assessment activity and the date on which it was
undertaken
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect of
the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment activity
The student…. If yes, tick the
box
• can classify tools from functional to non-functional.
Can fill-up periodic maintenance form.
Can perform preventive maintenance to electrical
tools and equipment.
Can perform inventory of tools and equipment.
Can perform safe keeping and storage of tools.
Did the student’s overall performance meet the Yes No
standard?
Feedback to student:
Teacher signature: Date:
Student’s Signature: Date:
.
Observation and Questioning Checklist
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Module Title Maintain Tools and Equipment
Unit of Maintaining Tools Equipment
competency:
Instructions for the teacher:
6. Observe the student [insert description of activity being observed].
7. Describe the assessment activity and the date on which it was
undertaken.
8. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect
of the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
9. Ask the student a selection of the questions from the attached list to
confirm his/her underpinning knowledge
10. Place a tick in the box to show that the student answered the
questions correctly.
11. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment activity
Location of assessment activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box
• What is the importance of checking the
conditions of tools periodically?
• How can you apply tool maintenance?
• What is the purpose of inventory?
How can you apply Five S in storing your tools?
• What are the different lubricating materials and
give their unique purposes?
Did the student’s overall performance meet the Yes No
standard?
Teacher’s Signature: Date:
CONTENTS:
Maintenance of hand tools
Storage of hand tools
Standard Operating procedures, principles, and techniques in
maintaining hand tools
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Tools used according to tasks undertaken
2. Routine maintenance of tools undertaken according to standard
operational procedures, principles and techniques
3. Tools stored safely in appropriate locations in accordance with
manufacturers specifications or standard operating procedures
CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling, assembling, finishing, cutting,
screwdrivers, pliers, punches
Wrenches
Files
METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture-demonstration
Self-paced instruction
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Hands-on
Direct observation
Practical demonstration
Caring of Pliers
1. Always keep pliers in good condition by cleaning and regular application of
oil.
2. Never use pliers as substitute for a wrench or hammer.
3. Never hammer the pliers when cutting wires.
Oil the metal parts of a tool to prevent rust.
Caring Screwdrivers
A. Select screwdriver that’s fit the screw head slot perfectly.
B. Keep the screwdriver’s handle dry, and clean to prevent slippages.
C. Never use a screwdriver as chisel.
Never hammer a screwdriver’s handle.
BASIC LUBRICATION
Ideal for lubricating bearings, gaskets, seals and other moving parts,
greases consist of an oil or synthetic fluid (~80%), a thickening agent
(~10%) and additives (~10%). The consistency of greases is usually ranked
by their relative hardness on a scale set by the National Lubricating Grease
Institute (NLGI). The softest greases are rated at 000 (which is a flowing
liquid) with higher numbers indicating harder grease. Most grease falls in
the range between 1 and 4
Silicones are very stable and very inert lubricants, which provide a wider
range of operating temperatures than non-silicone synthetic lubricants. Other
advantages include water repulsion and electrical insulation. Flour silicones
have a higher resistance to harsh environments and the ability to carry bearing
loads. Lubricant manufacturers can provide technical data sheets on their
products to advise you on the best applications of each type of lubricant
A great percentage of eye injury and cuts results from a disregard for
the simplest of rules in handling cleaning solvents. You should never use
compressed air to clean your clothes, hands or body. The pressure could cause
the cleaning solvents and dirt particles to penetrate your skin, resulting in
infection and /or blood poisoning.
If a job or cleaning task requires the use of gloves, use the appropriate
gloves. If you have cut, nicked, or burned yourself, or something has got into
your eyes, report immediately to the first-aid person.
ALWAYS:
1. Wipe or clean tools after every use with a clean and soft cloth to remove
dirt.
2. Keep all tools in the tool room and tool rack.
3. Tools should be applied/wiped with an appropriate oil to prevent them
from rusting.
4. Drill tools should be sharpened properly.
5. Tooth cutting tools should be sharpened as often as necessary.
6. Never drop tools especially precision instrument or testing tools.
7. Except for hammers, never use tools as hammer.
8. Never use screwdrivers as wood chisel or cold chisel.
9. Never file the soldering tip of the soldering copper. If necessary, wipe the
tip with a clean soft cloth to remove dirt.
10. Do not over heat the electric soldering copper.
11. Never use drill tools, it will cause harm to your work or yourself.
12. Always issue or lend tools with receipt.
13. Tools borrowed should be returned in good condition; otherwise it
should be replaced with new and same kind.
5S (METHODOLOGY)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
After reading this information sheet the
trainee should be able to apply 5S methodology.
"Sorting" means to sort through everything in each work area. Keep only what is necessary.
Materials, tools, equipment and supplies that are not frequently used should be moved to a
separate, common storage area. Items that are not used should be discarded.
Do not keep things around just because they might be used someday.
Sorting is the first step in making a work area tidy. It makes easier to find
the things you need and frees up additional space.
As a result of the sorting process you will eliminate (or repair) broken
equipment and tools. Obsolete fixtures, molds, jigs, scrap material, waste and
other unused items and materials are disposed of.
should be properly labeled. Clean and paint floors to make it easier to spot dirt,
waste materials and dropped parts and tools. Outline areas on the floor to
identify work areas, movement lanes, storage areas, finished product areas,
etc. Put shadows on tool boards, making it easy to quickly see where each tool
belongs.
In an office/school, provide bookshelves for frequently used manuals, books
and catalogs. Label the shelves and books so that they are easy to identify and
return to their proper place.
The objective in this step is: A place for everything and everything in its
place, with everything properly identified and labelled
Once you have everything from each individual work area up to your entire
facility, sorted (cleaned up) and organized, you need to keep it that way. This
requires regular cleaning, or to go along with our third S, "shining" things up.
Regular, usually daily, cleaning is needed or everything will return to the way
it was. This could also be thought of as inspecting. While cleaning it's easy to
also inspect the machines, tools, equipment and supplies you work with.
Regular cleaning and inspection makes it easy to spot lubricant leaks,
equipment misalignment, breakage, missing tools and low levels of supplies.
Problems can be identified and fixed when they are small. If these minor
problems are not addressed while small, they could lead to equipment failure,
unplanned outages or long - unproductive - waits while new supplies are
delivered.
The good practices developed in steps 1 through 3 should be standardized and made easy to
accomplish. Develop a work structure that will support the new practices and make them into
habits. As you learn more, update and modify the standards to make the process simpler and
easier.
One of the hardest steps is avoiding old work habits. It is easy to slip back
into what you have been doing for years. That is what everyone is familiar
with. It feels comfortable.
Use standards to help people work into new habits that are a part of your
Five S program.
Any easy way to make people aware of, and remind them about the
standards is to use labels, signs, posters and banners.
SHITSUKE: SUSTAIN
Step Five: The final step is to continue training and maintaining the
standards.
Have a formal system for monitoring the results of your Five S program.
Do not expect that you can clean up, get things organized and labeled, and
ask people to clean and inspect their areas every day -- and then have
everything continue to happen without any follow-up.
MATCHING TYPE
Column A Column B
1. Seiri a. standardize
2. Seiso b. set in order
3. Seiketsu c. sort
4. Shitsuke d. sweep
5. Seiton e. sustain
f. striping
ANSWER KEY 5.4-2
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. E
5. B
JOB SHEET 5.4-1
Title: Cleaning Tools and Work Area
Performance Objective: In this Job Sheet, you will be able to follow
the procedure in cleaning the basic hand tools and work area
Materials Tools/Equipment
Cleaning solvent
Rags
Brooms
Washing Pans
Safety apparel
Vacuum cleaner
Equipment: Vacuum cleaner
Procedure:
1. Wear protective clothing and goggles
2. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for cleaning.
3. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they have
4. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent to the washing
pan.
5. Submerge and wash the tools in the washing pan.
6. Wipe them with rags until dry. Apply little oil to every moving parts of
hand tools.
7. Clean the work area using mops, brooms, rags
Performance Criteria Checklist
Name of Trainee
INFORMATION SHEET 5.4-2
INVENTORY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
The initial cost of even a minimum number of tools is high but the
accompanying warranty guarantees satisfaction and many years of service. It is
better, in the long run, to start with a few carefully selected tools that will take
care of your most common needs and then gradually build-up to a complete
set. It is sometimes hard to identify and memorize the huge number of tools
and equipment in the workshop, maintaining the inventory record is of great
value.
JOB SHEET 5.4-2
Title: INVENTORY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Performance Objective: In this Job Sheet, you will be able to follow
the procedure in the inventory of tools and equipment
Materials Tools/Equipment
Inventory forms
Equipment:
Procedure:
1. Prepare inventory forms/memorandum receipt of tools and equipment.
2. Study the parts of the Inventory Form.
3. Check whether the list of tools and equipment in the
memorandum receipt tallies with the existing tools and equipment
found in the workshop including their specifications and condition.
4. List down any losses and damages you find while conducting
the inventory.
5. Fill out the remarks column of the inventory forms for any
losses/ damages.
6. Recommend for replacement of lost tools and equipment and repair of
damaged tools and equipment if reparable.
Performance Criteria Checklist
Name of Trainee
Information Sheet 5.4-3
Tool Storage
Proper storage of tools ensures their durability and efficiency. They must
be stored in dry location. Correct labeling of cabinets and tool racks in
accessible location for laboratory activity in the shop will serve the purpose. It
is also important to classify the tools according to their function or uses so that
they will be stored according to their kind. Tools are classified as follows:
Cutting tools
Tools under this classification are the pliers, saw and chisel. Pliers are
available with both insulated and un-insulated handle primarily intended for
cutting, twisting and skinning wires or electrical conductors. Saw is generally
intended for cutting wood. Hack saw is used to cut metals. Chisel is an edge
cutting tool, it can also be considered as boring tool. It bore hole for the
purpose of making passage for electrical conduit or raceway.
Driving tools
The hammer and the screw driver are the tools under this classification.
Hammers are manufactured either soft faced or hard faced. Mallet is an
example of soft faced hammer commonly used to fix the winding of electric
motor. The claw and the ball hammer are used to drive and pull out nails and
strike metals. The screwdrivers are composed of two types: the standard and
the Phillips type. It is intended to drive and pull out nail.
Drilling Equipment
Drilling equipment is needed to make holes in building structure for the
passage component terminals in the PCB. The common examples are the power
drill and hand drill.
Soldering equipment
In doing electrical wiring, splices and taps connections are made to wire. It
should be soldered, unless connection does not need solders. Some examples of
this equipment are soldering iron or gun, blow torch or propane torch.
Measuring tools
The extension rule, metric rule, wire gauge and caliper are the common tools
under this classification. It is intended to measure length opening size of conduit,
wires and other items.
1. Provide a safety cabinet for all the hand tools and assign a specific area for
each tool.
2. It should be cleaned before returning it to the tool rack.
3. Damage hand tools should be repaired.
4. Apply oil on all moving parts if possible.
5. Cover the sharp parts of the tools with a cork when not in use.
Basic tips in storing electronic tools and equipments
shelf.
a. upper
b. lowest
c. center
3 light tools should be placed at shelf.
a. upper
b. lowest
c. center
4 chisel can also be considered as tools.
a. boring
b. driving
c. cutting
5 push-pull rule, wire gauge, multi-tester and
extension rule is an example of .
a. cutting tool
b. drilling tool
c. measuring tool
Test – II. Identification
water
gasoline
kerosene
diesoline
thinner
detergent soap
dust
mud
oil
grease oil
D. Write only the letter of your answer on the answer sheet provided.
1. Which of the following injuries will be caused by
compressed air if used to clean clothes, hands or body
soiled with a flammable cleaning solvent?
a. a. pimples b. burn c. blood poisoning
2. Which of the following solvents should not be used as a
cleaning solution for it poses hazards to health?
a. a. gasoline b. kerosene c. carbon tetrachloride
3. As a safety precaution, which of the following safety
devices should be worn in electrical wiring?
a. a. face shield b. rubber gloves c. Apron
4. Which of the following should we use to keep a flammable
cleaning solvent?
a. a. closed tin container b. plastic pail c. aluminum basin
ANSWER KEY TO SELF – CHECK 5.4-3
Test 1: Multiple Choice
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. C
Test – II. Identification
Assessment Methods
*Oral
Observation
Work Sample
Written Test*
Demonstration
Assessment Criteria
Student name:
Teacher name:
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box