Name: BABY LOU M.

VERE

Section Code: E328

Lesson 2: Arts and Literature

Activity2. Write your Song!

In the storms of life

In the storms of life

That I borrowed from above
In the light that I know
Full of literature of Filipino

Like a shadow passed throughout the years

Of Spanish and American colonizers
Spanish occupation promotes Christianity
And American occupation the voice of authority

Chorus:
In the storms of life
Philippines survives
Because of proverbs, poem and stories
Filipino literature came with different author’s masterpiece

With Balagtas and Rizal’s works

Also, Ibong Adarn arises
El Fili and Noli Me
Together with Florante and Laura literary

Writing Philippine literature

Means of our some heroes to fight and endure
Without using guns and bolos
We achieved independence after a long battle years
(Back to Chorus)

Genre: ballad
 Activity 3. Timeline

Instruction. Create a simple timeline tracing the popular culture on the different
period.

Pre-colonial times
The Philippine Theater, just like the arts have evolved through time with
the influences of the various cultures the Philippines has been dawned
upon.

Philippine theater was more on verbal jousts, indigenous rituals, songs,

games and dances to praise gods.

In early records, the dramas in pre-colonial timed were in three elements

– myth, mimesis, and spectacle. Such mimetic performances were
dramatized rituals and epic poetry of mythical legends and deities
where deities would usually possess a catalonan (priest) or babaylan
(priestess).

The priest or priestess then would ingest the sacrificial offering in the form
of a chicken, pig, wine, nuts or rice.

Pre-Spanish period
Philippine architecture was made of bamboo and nipa and seldom
were there houses made of stones.

In the Philippines, it is best known as the Bahay-Kubo which even in the

present times, still exist usually resided upon by lowland dwellers in the
country.

In this period plazas, town centers, churches and convents became popular.

Churches were in its earthquake baroque style which can be seen today
in Visayan Islands, Cebu and Bohol.

Before the Spaniards, records show that Filipinos created epics, poems, songs
myths, tales and legends which must’ve been imitations from the Indians,
elucidating existence through stories about their lives and the nature, creating
brave and patriotic heroes with supernatural powers. Meanwhile, their songs
cover birth, love, death, harvest, building and fishing.
 Later, when faith took over, realistic literature on life came to light; in forms of
proverbs, aphorisms/riddles.

In Spanish regime

Comedia, or the moro-moro. It’s a play that depicts the loves, lives, and
wars of moors and Christians.

Moro-Moro is a worldly comedy that stages the war among Christians

and Muslims over the forbidden love of the prince and the princess
which resolved with the non-Christian converting to Christianity, or
through death then resurrection. Comedias used to be performed in the
village centers to invite people.

Literary creativity was quietened as Spaniards promoted Christianity.

Literature came back as poetry and in prose; Florante at Laura of
Francisco Balagtas was born. Filipinos also wrote in Spanish where
Spaniards then supported creative writing and gave prizes. It was also at
this time that the works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippine National hero
became phenomenal with literary works voicing against Spanish
oppression and colonization. His works include the Noli Me Tangere, the El
Filibusterismo among others.

American commonwealth period

There was the establishment of a civil government thus the American

mission style architecture which are buildings of commerce in their
modern 20th century and Greek-like building styles.

Anglo-American popular music was very popular then in the early

twentieth century. The famous musical genres at the time, the cakewalk,
foxtrot and ragtime—which would soon develop as Jazz were played by
Filipino dance bands in shows.

Vaudeville shows (bodabil) includes a range of acts like slapstick comedy

routines and tap
dance numbers apart from popular music.

When radio, sheet music, live entertainment and movie themes came,
popular music became part of the mainstream of Philippine society.
 The first Filipino who wrote in English took 20 years of studying the new
language. Later, writers in English began to rise in number but were paid
very poorly. Nevertheless, it boosted when writers were offered prizes by
the Commonwealth Literary Contest. The Palanca, Free Press,
Solidaridad, Zobel, and Cultural Heritage Awards followed. Educational
Institutions sustained English, Spanish and, later, Filipino literature to be
obligatory subjects.

Japanese occupation

American entertainment were banned which is why a pro-Filipino and

Japanese virtue was encouraged in the music industry.

In the late 1878

The first zarzuela in the country was Jugar Con Fuego by Francisco Asenjo
Barbieri.

In the 1930’s

Broadway theatre/stage plays dawned through westernized education

in private schools for fortunate children. Shakespearean comedies and
tragedies, including western classics, were performed in English.

In the late 1940’s

American entertainment returned exposing Filipinos to swing and continued

shows like the
bodabil.

Japanese commenced, all film equipment got confiscated. The bodabil

comedia and zarzuela endured only as entertainment and expression.
The bodabil then became variety shows with a short drama at the end to
provide accommodations for actors and actresses who turned to
bodabil and theatre. The Manila Grand Opera House and the Savoy
Theatre became the venue of bodabil. Later, movies regained popularity
when the war ended and the bodabil era gradually faded.
 In the 1950’s – 1960’s

A version of the samba came then the rise of instrumental groups, the
cumbachero (a local version of a Latin-American band), which became
renowned in fiestas and social gatherings.

The idea of paying for a ticket for a theatrical performance arose held in
closed theaters. Playwrights Severino Montano, Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero,
and Alberto S. Florentino honed their crafts and contributed to the
development of performing arts in the Philippines

Rock and roll and country music attracted younger generation of Filipino
artists. Filipino equals of Western artists like, Jerry Vale, Elvis Presley, Chuck
Berry, Buddy Holly, and the Beatles became popular.

The first Filipino comedia was in 1958 in Cebu executed by Fr. Vicente
Puche in Latin and Spanish. Moreover, zarzuela as a musical theater is a
mix of spoken word and song that rejoices Catholic liturgical feasts.

In the 1970’s
Was the creation of Pinoy Rock, or Pinoy Jazz and Filipino pop ballad; the Manila
Sound.

In the late 1970’s

Metro Manila Popular Music Festival a song writing competition boosted

the creation of new pop songs. Other local competitions inspired even
more artists and composers to create more music like Likha Awit
Pambata (a children’s song competition), the Himig Awards, and the
Cecil Awards.

Organisasyon ng mga Pilipinong Mang-aawit (OPM), was created for

Filipino popular artists.

In terms of dancing, the Philippines has folk dance as its national dance;
a dance that integrates as well the influences of the colonists while still
giving it the Filipino touch.
21st century/ present times

The Philippine folk dance was stiil in our heart and mind, being
danced in the country but apart from that, many Filipino people
have been enjoying dance crazes through the times like the
Nobody dance of a South-Korean Girl group with sassy moves, the
Spaghetti Dance from the noontime drama Daisy Siete, the
Chocolate Dance from GMA’s talent search show Starstruck, the
Papaya Dance of Edu Manzano, the Shalalalala Dance of the
rock band The Walkers, The Always Dance of Universal Motion
Dancers, the Shake body dancer dance of Maricel Soriano, the
Asereje Dance by a Spanish pop group and the Macarena Dance
of Duos los del Rio.

The latest dance crazes today will include the Gangnam Style
and Boom Boom Dances of South-Korean Pop stars, Dahil Sayo
Dance of Inigo Pascual and Sarah Geronimo’s Tala Dance.

Lately, with the application Tiktok, many dances also surfaced being
danced by many Filipino youths shared on social media platforms.

Today, with the influx of technology, literature and the humanities

have been negatively affected but despite it, Filipino writers
didn’t stop writing as works of foreign writers continued to be read
by Filipinos.

Filipino Literature has been and until now a mixture of traditional

folk-tales, real-life experiences and socio-political histories often
promoting Filipino cultural values and struggles of locals.
AGREEMENT:
Please read and analyze each statement below. Write Agree or Disagree on
the blank provided according to your answers.

Disagree 1. Bodabil was introduced to the Filipinos by the Japanese

people.

Agree 2. In the American Occupation, Greek-like architectural designs

was the pattern followed for Government Buildings.

Agree 3. The Palanca, Free Press, Solidaridad, Zobel, and Cultural

Heritage Awards boosted the number of writers in the Philippines.

Disagree 4. Ang Kiukok was the one who painted the painting ―The Fruit
Gatherer‖.

Agree 5. Filipinos until the present time continue to consume foreign

music as well as dance crazes especially with the rise of digital
technology and globalization.