Flow Over Wiers

Introduction
Flow over weirs is the relationship between the discharge and the head
abve the weir is a function of the length and the height of the weir and of
.the the gravitational acceleration(1)

The coal of Experiment

The main purpose of this experiment is to calculate the discharge
.cofficient of the fluid flow

Theory
:Flow through a rectangular notch

A rectangular notch is a thin square edged weir plate installed in a weir

channel as shown in figure(1)

Vernier
Water Chanel
Hook

Weir plate

Hydraulic
Bench

Sump tank Flow control

valve

.Figure(1) :Hydraulic Bench(Rectangular notch)

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Flow Over Wiers

Cd =3Q / 2(2g)^0.5*L*H^3/2
:Where

.Cd : Cofficient of discharge

.L : Width of notch(3cm)

.H : Head above bottom of notch

.Q : Flow rate

Procedure
Fit the rectangular notch to the weir plate carrier which is bonded into - 1
the free end of the modled channel in the top of the hydraulics bench. The
.weir plate is secured to the carrier using plastic thumb nuts

Ensure that the hook and point gauge is essembled with the point - 2
.fitted

Open the bench control valve and adjust the valve to produce a flow - 3
over the weir. Ensure that the flow is large enough to prevent the outflow
.from the notch clinging to the notch plate

Determine the volumatric flowrate using the bench valve by dropping - 4

the ball to fill the tank

Measure the water level (H) using the point gauge.5 -

.Repate the process for three different flowrate and head over weirs- 6

Results,Calculation&Discussion
Take: L = 3 cm , g = 9.8 m/s2

Q = V/t ,(m3/s)

From the results obtained from the experiment, we calculate the flow rate
.and the discharge coefficient (Cd)

: When

H = 21.5mm

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Flow Over Wiers

V1 = 1L , t1 = 5.5 s , Q1 = 0.000182 m3/s

V2 = 2L , t2 = 9.92 s , Q2 = 0.000202 m3/s

V3 = 3L , t3 = 14.94 s , Q3 = 0.000201m3/s

Cdi = (3Qi) /(2(2g)^(0.5)*L*H^(3/2))

Cd(avg) = (∑ Cdi) /i

.All the results in the table below are at different values for H

Head,(m) V,(m3) time,(s) Q,(m3/s) Cd

0.022 0.001 5.500 0.000182 0.651
0.002 9.920 0.000202 0.722
0.003 14.940 0.000201 0.719

Cd(avg) 0.698

Head,(m) V,(m3) time,(s) Q,(m3/s) XCd

0.031 0.001 3.350 0.000299 0.618
0.002 7.170 0.000279 0.577
0.003 12.840 0.000234 0.483
Cd(avg) 0.559

Head,(m) V,(m3) time,(s) Q,(m3/s) Cd

0.037 0.001 3.670 0.000272 0.441

0.002 4.450 0.000449 0.728
0.003 5.950 0.000504 0.817

Cd(avg) 0.662
.Table(1,2,3) Results at different values of H

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Flow Over Wiers

The Cd value is not constant for the rectangular,because the value of the
flow and the head are different in each experiment. The Cd value is
depends on the value of flow rate (Q) and the value of head above the
.notch

Conclusion
The realationship between the head of the weir and the discharge of the
fluid over over the weir is directly proportional. We observe the Cd
increases by increasing the flow rate and decreasing by inccreasing the
.head of the notch

References
Karenfishre,Daivdransbotn,(River -1
. diversions)(1)
WWW.Codecoges.com.2 -
https;//www.sciencedirect.com.-3

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