where:

N = the number of double strokes or cycles

of the ram per min (one double or full stroke

= one cutting and one return stroke)

L = Length of the ram stroke in mm

m = return stroke time/cutting stroke time

Time for machining w x L surface

Material removal rate (MRR)

MRR = f d L N(1+m) mm3/min

Where:

d is depth of cut in mm

f is feed in mm/stroke;

N is strokes/min

L is length of stroke in mm

m is ratio of return stroke time to

cutting stroke time