polarity (n) Sự polarity (between A and B) (formal)

phân the situation when two tendencies,

cực opinions, etc. oppose each other

unipolarity Đơn Unipolarity in international politics is a distribution of

(n) cực power in which one state exercises most of the
unipolar cultural, economic, and military influence.
(adj) Ex:Unipolar systems possess only one great power
and face no competition.

bipolarity (n) Lưỡng Bipolarity is a distribution of power in which two

bipolar (adj) cực states have the majority of economic, military, and
cultural influence internationally or regionally
Ex:The classic case of a bipolar world is that of the
Cold War between the United States and the Soviet
Union.

multipolarity Đa cực Multipolarity is a distribution of power in which more

(n) than two nation-states have nearly equal amounts
multipolar of military, cultural, and economic influence.
(adj) Ex:a multipolar world with different centres of
power.

hegemony Bá (especially of countries) the position of being Synonyms: domination,

(n) quyền the strongest and most powerful and therefore leadership, dominance,
able to control others: sway
Ex:The three nations competed for regional
hegemony.

foe (n) kẻ thù an enemy: Synonyms: competitor,

Ex:His erstwhile foe. opponent, rival,
adversary

erstwhile xưa kia, before the present time or in the past. Synonyms: former, old,
(formal) (adj) trước đây Ex: Erstwhile workers may have become late, previous
managers.

devolve (v) uỷ thác to give power or a responsibility to a person Synonyms: transfer,

cho or group that is at a lower level or has less surrender, pass on,
authority: transmit
Ex: devolve sth to sb/sth: To be a good
manager, you must know how to devolve
responsibility downwards.

inevitable (adj) không thể tránh khỏi certain to happen and unable to be Synonyms:
 avoided or prevented: unavoidable,
Ex: Unfortunately, violence is the inescapable
inevitable corollary of such a
revolutionary change in society
 ( corollary of = result of)

strive (v) cố gắng cực lực to try hard to do something or make Synonyms:
something happen, esp. for a long try, attempt,
time or against difficulties: endeavor,
Ex:Extreme poverty must be battle
something we all strive to eradicate.

wield (v) nắm và sử dụng (vũ khí) to have or use power, authority, or Synonyms:
influence, or to hold and use a exert, hold,
dùng, cầm (một dụng cụ) weapon: maintain,
Ex: Under the new city charter, the exercise;
(nghĩa bóng) sử dụng, vận mayor wields most of the power. brandish,
dụng, thi hành flourish,
manipulate,
swing

demystify (v) làm sáng tỏ to make something easier to The class is

understand: intended to
Ex:The class is intended to demystify demystify the
the process of using a computer. process of
using a
computer.

hostility (n) thái độ thù địch an occasion when someone is Synonyms:

unfriendly or shows that they do not opposition,
like something: resentment,
Ex: They showed open (= obvious) antipathy,
hostility to/towards their new aversion
neighbors.

prejudice (n) Định kiến an unfair and unreasonable opinion

or feeling formed without enough
thought or knowledge:
Ex: The experience merely confirmed
all his prejudices about living in the
city

aggression (n) sự gây hấn actions or behavior that use threats Synonyms:
or force against others: attack,
Ex:Ares was the god of rage, campaign,
aggression, and violence. injury, assault

ferocious (adj) dữ tợn, hung ác, tàn bạo frightening and violent: Synonyms:
Ex: She has a ferocious (= very bad) fierce, savage
temper. 
incompatible (adj) không tương thích, không not able to exist or work with another Synonyms:
hòa hợp được với nhau, kỵ person or thing because of basic inconsistent,
nhau differences: conflicting,
Ex: When we started living together contradictory,
we realized how incompatible we unsuitable
were - our interests were so different.

gentlemanly (adj) hào hoa phong nhã, lịch typical of a polite gentleman: Synonyms:
thiệp, quân tử Ex: He was respected by all who chivalrous,
knew him for his kind and mannerly,
gentlemanly consideration. obliging,
refined

cut-throat (adj) cạnh tranh gay gắt, khốc liệt
có tính chất muốn tiêu diệt
lẫn nhau, một sống một
chết, t còn sống là m phải
chết :)))))))
competing strongly and unfairly, Synonyms:
without considering any harm caused murderous,
to others: ruthless
Ex:a cut-throat business/market/world
The scrapping of price-fixing
legislation led to a cut-throat battle for
supermarket customers.

conglomerate (n) công ty đại tổ hợp a company that owns several smaller businesses
whose products or services are usually very different:
ex: a financial/industrial conglomerate

acquisition (n) sự giành được, sự thu được
Hai hay nhiều công ty hợp lại với
nhau để tạo nên một công ty duy
nhất. Các công ty bị sáp nhập (sát
nhập) không còn tồn tại.
the process of getting something: 
something such as a building, another company, or a
piece of land that is bought by a company, or the act
of buying it
Ex: The company will fund the acquisition from its
existing cash resources

money-spinner sản phẩm, ý tưởng, công việc kinh a product, business, or idea that makes a lot of
(n) doanh kiếm được rất nhiều tiền. money:
ex: Consumer finance is not necessarily a money-
spinner any longer.

recrimination (n) Sự buộc tội lẫn nhau, sự tố cáo lẫn arguments between people who are blaming each
nhau other:
Ex: The peace talks broke down and ended in bitter
mutual recrimination(s)

recoup (v) bồi thường to get back money that you have spent or lost:
Ex: It takes a while to recoup the initial costs of starting up
a business. 
The gambler recouped his losses in the next game.
 strategic Liên minh chiến lược (quy mô lớn) a formal arrangement between organizations or countries
alliance (n) to work together to achieve something:
Ex: The two rival companies have formed a strategic
alliance that is expected to extend across Europe.

joint Doanh nghiệp liên doanh (ở quy mô A business or business activity that two or more people or
venture (n) nhỏ) companies work on together:
Ex: The website was a joint venture between him and his
partner.

fixed cost Chi phí cố định A cost such as wages, rent, and interest that does not
(n) change in relation to how much a business produces:
Ex: When you take 2,000 people out of your business you
will inevitably have fixed cost reductions.

price war Cạnh tranh giá (giảm giá nhiều lần a situation in which different companies compete with
(n) so với đối thủ cạnh tranh) each other by reducing prices:
Ex: A supermarket price war has led to lower profit
margins.

profit Lợi nhuận biên the difference between the total cost of making and selling
margin (n) something and the price it is sold for:
Ex: Many small companies operate on very narrow profit
margins.

unit sales Doanh số bán hàng theo đơn vị đại
(n) diện cho tổng doanh số bán hàng
mà một công ty kiếm được trong
một kì báo cáo nhất định, và được
biểu thị theo đơn vị sản phẩm đầu
ra.
the numbers of a product that have been sold, calculated
as a total amount:
Ex: Unit sales at the Japanese automaker slipped 2.8%
last year. 
Unit sales volume/growth

economies sản xuất với số lượng lớn để giảm the reduction of production costs that is a result of making
of scale (n) chi phí sản xuất, giá thành trên 1 and selling goods in large quantities, for example, the
sản phẩm. ability to buy large amounts of materials at reduced prices:
Ex: Selling to a global market would enable us to achieve
huge economies of scale.

at a loss bán lỗ vốn If a business produces something at a loss, they sell it at a

(phrase) price which is less than it cost them to produce it or buy it.
Ex: Timber owners have often produced lumber at a loss
and survived these down cycles in demand

horror-struck khiếp sợ, kinh hãi, extremely shocked and frightened:

(adj) sợ cực kỳ lun Ex: "What is the matter with Signora
huhu Anna?" he whispered, horror-struck at
her vacant face.

apprehension sự e sợ worry about the future, or a fear that

(n) something unpleasant is going to
happen:
Ex: There is apprehension that there
may be an adverse effect on the
number of patients treated.

feud (n,v) mối cừu hận, mối an argument that has existed for a
thù truyền kiếp long time between two people or
groups, causing a lot of anger or
violence:
Ex:a ten-year-old feud between the
two countries.
 to have a feud with someone: 
They've been feuding with their
neighbours for years over a boundary
issue

ally đồng minh a country that has agreed to give help

and support to another, esp. during a
war, or a person who helps and
supports someone else:
Ex: The US is one of Britain's allies. 
ally (yourself) with
somebody/something to give your
support to another group or country:
 I refused to ally myself with that mob.

culminate (v) Lên đến cực culminate in/with sth If an event or SYNONYM: climax, peak
điểm, lên đến tột series of events culminates in
độ, lên đến tột something, it ends with it, having
bậc (giận cực độ) developed until it reaches this point:
Ex: My arguments with the boss got
worse and worse, and finally
culminated in my resignation.

retaliate (v) trả thù to hurt someone or do something SYNONYM: revenge

harmful to someone because they
have done or said something harmful
to you:
ex: : I know of no horse who has ever
taken anybody's life, although horses
have retaliated by giving somebody a
kick in the pants.

suppression Sự giữ kín; sự lấp suppression noun (HIDING

(n) liếm (một chứng SOMETHING) the act of preventing
cớ...), sự ỉm đi something from being expressed or
Sự đàn áp; sự bị known:
đàn áp ex: the suppression of emotions

capitulate (v) đầu hàng to accept military defeat: SYNONYM: give in (to
to accept something or agree to do somebody/something)surrender, 
something unwillingly:
ex: They were finally forced to
capitulate to the terrorists' demands.