EMF equation for DC generator

For one revolution of the conductor,

Let,
Φ = Flux produced by each pole in weber (Wb)
P = number of poles in the DC generator.
Total flux produced by all the poles

Time taken to complete one revolution

N = speed of the armature conductor in rpm.

Now, according to Faraday’s law of induction, the induced emf of the armature
conductor is denoted by “e” which is equal to rate of cutting the flux.

Induced emf of one conductor is

Let us suppose there are Z total numbers of conductor in a generator, and arranged in
such a manner that all parallel paths are always in series. Here,
Z = total numbers of conductor
A = number of parallel paths
Then, Z/A = number of conductors connected in series
We know that induced emf in each path is same across the line.
Therefore, induced emf of DC generator
E = emf of one conductor × number of conductor connected in series.
Simple wave wound generator Numbers of parallel paths are only 2 = A
Therefore, Induced emf for wave type of winding generator is

Simple lap-wound generator Here, number of parallel paths is equal to number of

conductors in one path i.e. P = A
Therefore, Induced emf for lap-wound generator is