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1. Persamaan Kimia
Terbahagi kepada 3
Mg + CuSO4 → MgSO4 + Cu
Semasa tingkatan 4, kita telah pelajari jirim yang terdiri daripada ...............
K : ................................................
Na : ................................................
Ca : ................................................
Mg : ................................................
Fe2+ : ................................................
Cu2+ : ................................................
Zn2+ : ................................................
Kesimpulan
Pengecualian:
O2 : ................................................
H2 : ................................................
N2 : ................................................
Kumpulan 17
Cl2 : ................................................
Br2 : ................................................
I2 : ................................................
C : ................................................
Kesimpulan
Pengecualian:
Kita perlu tahu ion positif, Kation dan ion negatif, Anion
Formula ion
Natrium Bromida
Magnesium Iodida
Aluminium Hidroksida
Barium Nitrat
Hidrogen Sulfat
Kuprum(II) Karbonat
Plumbum(II)
Ferum(II)
Ferum (III)
Kation
Anion
Formula kimianya
Formula kimianya
Formula kimianya
Formula kimianya
Formula kimianya
Formula kimianya
Latihan :
5. Jadi sekarang kita dah tahu untuk menulis formula kimia yang betul
bagi Atom, ion dan molekul.
(a) 1 + 1 → 2
(b) 1 + 2 → 2 + 1
(c) 2 + 2 → 2 + 2
(a) 1 + 1 → 2
Contoh 1
Pembakaran logam reaktif dengan oksigen
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Contoh 2
Tindak balas kumpulan 1 dengan oksigen
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Contoh 3:
Tindak balas Kumpulan 17 dengan logam Ferum
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(b) 1 + 2 → 2 + 1
Contoh 1:
Tindak balas penyesaran logam
Contoh 2:
Tindak balas logam dengan asid
(c) 2 + 2 → 2 + 2
Contoh 1
Garam tak terlarutan
Contoh 2
Tindak balas Asid dengan oksida logam
Penguraian
Persamaan kimia :
Persamaan kimia :
NITRAT
Persamaan kimia:
B. Pengiraan
Kirakan:
1. H2O = .....................................................................
2. CO2 = .....................................................................
3. NaCl = .....................................................................
4. Mg(OH)2 = .....................................................................
5. Fe2(SO4)3 = .....................................................................
6. CuSO4.10H2O = .....................................................................
2. MOL
Sebenarnya ada 4 formula
3. Nisbah
Penting
Bab 3 – T4 – formula dan persamaan kimia
Bab 7 – T4 – kadar tindak balas (menentukan bahan terhad/ bahan yang
berlebihan)
Bab 2 – T5 – karbon – bahan bakar
Bab 3 – T5 - termokimia
FOKUSKAN
Apa maklumat berikan
Kepada
TETAPI;
Masalahnya, persamaan tu, persamaan.
Bukan kita buat dalam makmal
Jadi kita kena kira berapa mol yang soalan bagi tu
Secara mudahnya
1. Cari mol maklumat soalan berikan,
2. Kemudian, nisbahkan
Ini hanyalah MOL Apa diberikan KEPADA MOL Soalan suruh CARI
a. 1 – 1 d. 2 – 3
b. 1 – 2 e. 3 – 5
c. 2 – 1
[SPM16-03]
(a) (iii) The chemical equation for photosynthesis is as below.
Persamaan kimia bagi fotosintesis adalah seperti di bawah.
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[SPM08-03b] (b) Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan dua biji belon yang masing-
masing mengandungi gas oksigen dan gas karbon dioksida
Rajah 3.2 shows two balloons containing oxygen gas and carbon dioxide gas
respectively.
[1M]
[1M]
Esei/ Essay
[MRSM16-09] (a) Diagram 9.1 shows the chemical bonding in a molecule of
a compound present in fruits.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan ikatan kimia dalam satu molekul bagi satu sebatian
yang terdapat dalam buah–buahan.
(i) State the molecular formula and empirical formula of this compound.
Nyatakan formula molekul dan formula empirik sebatian ini. [2M]
(i) Calculate the mass of helium gas in the syringe. [Molar volume of gas =
24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions, [Relative atomic mass of He = 4]
Tentukan jisim gas helium di dalam picagari tersebut.
[Isi padu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik, Jisim atom relatif
He = 4]
[3M]
...…………………………………………………………………………………………[1M]
The following equation represents the reaction between zinc carbonate and
hydrochloric acid.
Persamaan berikut mewakili tindak balas antara zink karbonat dan asid
hidroklorik.
[1M]
(ii) Calculate the maximum mass of zinc chloride produced.
Hitung jisim maksimum zink klorida yang dihasilkan.
[2M]
[SBP14-02]
(a) (ii) What is the number of atoms in 0.5 mole of methane gas, CH4?
Berapakah bilangan atom dalam 0.5 mol gas metana, CH4?
[Avogadro constant = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1] [Pemalar Avogadro = 6.02 x 1023 mol-
1]
[2M]
[3M]