Review Lesson 2 :YOUR PHILOSOPHICAL

HERITAGE
Asst. Prof. Merriam Silin
 Philosophy of Education

• What should be the aims or purposes of

education?
• Who should be educated?
• Should education differ according to
natural interests and abilities?
• What role should the state play in
education?
 The Seven Philosophies of
Education
Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Essentialism - To acquire basic - Academically - Mastery of
knowledge, skills rigorous subject matter
and values - Emphasis on - Teachers are
academic content intellectual and
- Learning the moral models
Fundamental - Teachers are
R’s which are “fountain” of
essential to information
acquire higher - Observe longer
skills days, core
-Traditional requirements
disciplines etc.
- Teachers and
Admin decide
what is important
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Progressivism - To develop - Need based - Employ
learners into and relevant Experiential
becoming curriculum methods
enlightened and - Teaching - Learning by
intelligent citizens learners to doing
of a democratic cope up with - Problem
society the change solving method
- Natural and - “Hands-on-
social Sciences minds-on-
- New scientific, hearts-on”
technological methodology.
and social
developments
- Students solve
problems in the
classroom
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Perennialism - Develop - Universal - Centered
students’ rational - All human around
and moral being possess teachers
powers. the same - Socratic
essential dialogues or
nature. mutual inquiry
- General sessions
Curriculum
- Lifted from
Great Books
- Less emphasis
on vocational
and technical
education
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Existentialism - Help students - Students are - Focus on the
understand and given a wide individual
appreciate variety of - Learning is self
themselves as options from paced
unique which to - Employ values
individuals choose. clarification
- Help students - Humanities are strategies
define their given emphasis - Individual
own essence contact with the
by exposing teachers
them to various
paths
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach

Behaviorism - Modification and - Teachers teach - Teachers

shaping of students to provide
students behavior respond favorably appropriate
by providing to various stimuli incentive to
favorable in the reinforce
environment. environment. positive
responses and
weaken
negative ones.
- Make stimuli
clear and
interesting to
capture and
hold students’
attention.
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Linguistic - To develop the - Communication - Experiential
Philosophy communication takes place in 3 way
skills of the ways : verbal, - Teacher
learner because non-verbal and facilitates
the ability to paraverbal. dialogue
articulate, to voice - Use the
out the meaning language that
and values of is correct,
things is the very precise,
essence of man. grammatical,
coherent and
accurate to be
able to
communicate
clearly and
precisely.
 Philosophy Why Teach What to Teach How to Teach
Constructivism - Develop - Learners are - The teacher
intrinsically taught how to provides data
motivated and learn. or experiences
independent - They are that allow them
learners taught the to use their
adequately learning skills.
equipped with process and - Interactive
learning skills for skills - Dialogue
them to be able to exchange
construct - Teachers’ role
knowledge and is to facilitate
make meaning of
them,
Review Lesson 3: FORMULATING YOUR
PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION
Asst. Prof. Merriam Silin
 Your Philosophy of Education is your
“window” to the world and “compass” in life.

This is reflected in your dealings with

students, colleagues, parents and
administrators . Your attitude towards
problems and life as a whole has an
underlying philosophy.
 Lesson 4: : TEACHING AS YOUR
VOCATION, MISSION AND PROFESSION
Asst. Prof. Merriam Silin
 Teaching as a Vocation

Vocation comes from the Latin word

“Vocare” which means to call. It is a calling
from God worthy of your response. Mission
on the other hand comes from Latin word
“misio” which means to send. Teaching is a
mission, an assigned task. Teaching is also
a profession. It is a way of rendering service
to humanity.
 Teaching as a Mission

Teaching is a mission, an assigned task. We

are expected to write our accomplishment
report at the end of our mission.
 Teaching as a Profession

Teaching is also a profession. It is our way

of rendering service to humanity. The quality
of our professional service is determined to
a very great extent by our long and arduous
period of preparation, continuing
professional education and our commitment
to ethical and moral values.