STAIRCASE

ECS 316
P R E P AR E D B Y N AR I T A B I N T I N O H
 OUTCOMES

Program Course
• Ability to identify, • Identify and apply
formulate and solve knowledge on
engineering problems structural analysis and
basic structural
concrete design in
designing a building
not exceeding two
storeys
 CLASSIFICATION OF STAIR

• Spanning horizontally in transverse direction

• Simply supported steps supported by two walls or beams or
a combination of both.
• Steps cantilevering from a wall or a beam.
• Stairs cantilevering from a central spine beam
• Spanning longitudinally
• Beams or walls at the outside edges of the landings.
• Internal beams at the ends of the flight in addition to
beams or walls at the outside edges of the landings.
• Landings which are supported by beams or walls running in
the longitudinal direction.
• A combination of (a) or (b), and (c).
 TYPES OF STAIRCASE

Straight flight
Quarter turn stairs

Half turn stairs

Branching stairs Geometrical stairs

STAIRS COMPONENTS
STAIRS COMPONENTS
 DEFINITION

• Tread or Going: horizontal upper portion of a step.

• Riser: vertical portion of a step.
• Rise: vertical distance between two consecutive treads.
• Flight: a series of steps provided between two landings.
• Landing: a horizontal slab provided between two flights.
• Waist: the least thickness of a stair slab.
• Winder: radiating or angular tapering steps.
• Soffit: the bottom surface of a stair slab.
• Nosing: the intersection of the tread and the riser.
• Headroom: the vertical distance from a line connecting
the nosings of all treads and the soffit above.
 PRELIMINARY SIZES(TREAD, RISER
,WAIST)
• Waist=h=slab thickness(based on deflection control)
• θ< 42 degree
• Minimum headroom is 2000mm

STAIR TYPES RISER GOING SLOPE

/TREAD RELATIONSHIP
MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX
STAIRS(OTHER 115 190 240 355 550 700
THAN SPIRAL
SPIRAL 140 220 370 210 590 680

BCA PART 3.9.1.4-RISER AND GOING(mm)

 ACTION IMPOSED

Permanent action Variable action

• The dead load includes • REFER EC 1
own weight of the step,
own weight of the waist • Qk=(2-4)kN/m2
slab, and surface
• finishes on the steps and
on the soffit.
 BENDING MOMENT

• Analyze as simply supported slab

• No effective moment restraint(precast):
M  (Fl) / 8
• With effective moment restraint(cast in situ):
M  (Fl) / 10
 FLOW CHART OF DESIGN AND
CHECKING

Transverse
Main reinforcement Deflection
reinforcement
=0.2Asmain

Detailing Cracking Shear

DETAILING(EXAMPLE)