Push factors are conditions that can force people to leave their homes and are related to the

country from which a person migrates. Push factors include non-availability of enough
livelihood opportunities, poverty, rapid population growth that surpasses available resources
,"Primitive" or “poor” living conditions, desertification, famines/droughts, fear of political
persecution, poor healthcare, loss of wealth, and natural disasters. Pull factors are exactly the
opposite of push factors—they attract people to a certain location. Typical examples of pull
factors of a place are more job opportunities and better living conditions; easy availability of
land for settling and agriculture, political and/or religious freedom, superior education and
welfare systems, better transportation and communication facilities, better healthcare system and
stress-free environment attractive, and security.

These can change depending on social class, gender, ethnicity, age, physical ability and so on.
The reasons why they change need to be explained as well.One should also distinguish between
the individual and the structural level. At an individual level, push factors include the immediate
reasons that compel a person to migrate, such as the loss of a livelihood through redundancy or
drought or, contrarily, the possession of capital required to embark on a migration project.
Individual push factors may even include subjective aspects of a person’s character; for example,
the fact that one has the courage to leave their country of origin.

Another effect of these are active labor market policies, spending on vocational training and
adult education, and policies aimed at integrating migrants could boost the macroeconomic gains
from immigration. International financial support and policy coordination are needed to address
refugee crises and support the integration of refugees in destination countries. Next one is,
Migration raises world Gross domestic product , in particular by raising productivity. Average
per capita incomes of natives increase as their skills are complemented by those of migrants.
Remittances from abroad lift income per capita in the origin countries, helping to offset the
potentially negative effects of emigration.