Naav gotalla

Juice kuditya

ABSTRACT
Stabilization of soil can be done by using natural and waste
materials instead of synthetic materials for sustainable development
which will reduce the impact on the environment. This research
paper deals about the experimental study on the stabilization of soil
using organic waste and plastic strips of varying lengths. The
organic waste taken into consideration was eggshell powder. Basic
properties of virgin soil like Atterberg’s limits, Unconfined
compressive strength , compaction characteristics, California
bearing ratio, were determined. The soil samples were treated with
varying percentages of eggshell powder and the optimum
percentage of eggshell powder for the stabilization soil was
determined. The CBR and UCC values showed a considerable
increase in strength attainment due to the presence of Calcium
Oxide in the eggshell powder. The soil was then treated with an
optimum percentage of eggshell powder and varying percentages of
plastic strips of different lengths . It was observed that the soil
showed considerable strength improvement with the combination of
eggshell powder and plastic waste than that with eggshell powder
alone. The effective use of locally available materials like eggshell
powder and plastic waste and their experimental combination for the
improvement of soil makes the study relevant and feasible.
 INTRODUCTION

Soil stabilization is the process of extending the suitability of

soil at the work site for the intended construction purpose. Soil
stabilization involves the effective use of various stabilizing
agents for the improvement of weak soils. Expansive soil
deposits create problem to engineering structures because of
their property to expand during the wet season and shrink
during the dry season. Clayey soil that mainly consists of
montmorillonite mineral is commonly known as expansive soil.
In India, this soil covers an area of more than 3,00,000 square
miles and constitute about 20% of the total area.
Environmental issues over recent time have forced the man to
make use of waste materials as alternatives to conventional
materials for soil stabilization. This kind of usage is
environmentally and economically attractive as it can overcome
their disposal problems and are locally available also. Chicken
eggshell is a waste product from hatcheries, poultries and food
hubs [1]. The eggshell powder can be used as the best
alternative for the lime treatment as its chemical properties are
similar to that of industrial lime [2]. Along with the organic
wastes, plastic strips is also included for stabilization studies.
plastic strips is cheap, locally available and eco-friendly [3].
The inclusion of readily available plastic strips along with egg
shell powder helps to improve the properties of soil. In the
context of sustainable development, the effective use of waste
materials and locally available materials helps to reduce the
high degree of dependency on conventional traditional
stabilizers and thus, solid waste disposal issues can be
managed properly
 1.1 BLACK COTTON SOIL:
Black cotton soil is produced geologically by the disintegration
of volcanic rock and is very rich loamy earth of great fertility and
unusually power of retaining moisture. Black cotton soil is an
expansive soil called Montmorilllonite. One day they are dry and hard,
and the next day wet and soft. Swelling soil always create problem for
lightly loaded structure, by consolidating under load and by changing
volumetrically along with seasonal moisture variation. As a result the
superstructures usually counter excessive settlement and differential
movements, resulting in damage to foundation systems, structural
elements and architectural features. In a significant number of cases
the structure becomes unstable or uninhabitable the purpose was to
check the scope of improving bearing capacity value and reduce
expansiveness by adding additives. There are many methods of
stabilizing soil to gain required engineering specifications. These
methods range from mechanical to chemical stabilization. Most of
these methods are relatively expensive to be implemented by slowly
developing nations and the best way is to use locally available
materials with relatively cheap costs affordable by their internal funds.
 1.2 EGG SHELL POWDER:
Eggshell powder (ESP), which is a food industry waste, has been
considered as a material for clay mixture to increase soil bearing
capacity and strength parameter of clay (Figure 1). The use of
expensive lime requires further research to find a more
economically friendly substitute for material with similar
characteristics, which leads to the use of eggshell powder. In
general, from previous studies on ESP, it was found to improve soil
strength. With the correct mixing method and the good
characteristics of ESP, it is expected to maximize the use of ESP in
clay stabilization.
Eggshell powder primarily contains CaO (99.83%) and the
remaining consists of Al2O3 , SiO3, Cl , Cr2O3, MnO , and Cu2O.

Figure.a Figure.b

Eggshells (a) and eggshell powder (b)

 1.3 PLASTIC STRIPS:
A word plastic is a material which is used to describe the wide range of
synthetic or semi-synthetic materials that are used in a huge