Assignment no.

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(group no. 4)
Roll no.22,23,24,25,26,27,28

Applications of woven and knitted

fabrics
&
Comparison of their mechanical and
comfort properties

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Woven fabric:
Woven fabric is a fabric that is formed
by weaving. It is produced on a loom,
and made of many threads woven on a
warp and a weft.In woven fabric there is
interlacement of warp(along length of
fabric) and weft(along width of fabric)
yarns.

Knitted fabrics:
Knitted fabric is a fabric
that results from knitting. Its properties
are distinct from woven fabric in that it
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is more flexilite and can be more readily
constructed into smaller pieces making it
ideal for socks and hats.

Applications of woven fabrics

⦁ Sportstech:
Woven fabrics are widely used in sports
wearing items e.g.
shoes ,shirts ,trousers ,pads, etc.

⦁ Filter fabrics:
woven fabrics are used as filter
fabrics.Surface treatments modify the
functionality of the woven fabric according
to the different requirements and thereby
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significantly increase the effectiveness of the
resulting filter in a specific

environment.
⦁ Ripstop fabrics
Ripstop fabrics are woven fabrics, often
made of nylon, using a special reinforcing ...
are used in yacht sails and spinnakers, hot
air balloons, kites, parachutes,
Flags, Banners, Coated-Inflatable, Rescue,
Life Rafts,Recreational, Coated-Inflatable,
Rescue, Life Rafts,Recreational, commercial
fabrics.

⦁ Hometech:
Weaving has a number of application in
our home.

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 ⦁ Bedsheets and pillows covers are
made of weaving fabrics
⦁ furnishing covers like sofa, curtain,
chairs etc are made up of weaving
fabrics
⦁ cloths we wear in our home are
mostly weaving fabrics like shalwar
kameeze, dress shirts etc
Lining Fabric, Shower Curtain, Bridal
Satins Dress, Blouse, Blanket Binders,
Umbrellas Jackets, Shoe Liner, Shirts &
Light woven Tops(Boluse)Jeans Blazers,
Suit Jacket, Vests, Swimwear etc.

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 ⦁ Medtech:
Hospital Gown, bandages , lab coats ,masks,
gloves Clean Room / Static Dissipation,
Surgical Tape, gauze are also the
applications of woven fabric.

⦁ Automobile tech:
woven fabric is now a days frequently used
in automobile tech. Weaving has a lot of use
in mobile tech seat covers of
cars buses aeroplane trucks etc are made up
of weaving
fabric it is also used to furnish the cars
aeroplanes etc.

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Woven fabrics have a number a
applications further in Protech.
⦁ Agrotech:
Textile use in green house are basically
made up of weaving fabric.
Packtech etc.
shortly we can say that woven fabrics
are the most widely used fabrics in the
world from simple garments to textile

technology.

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Applications of knitted fabrics

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Knit fabrics are versatile and are used to
create not only clothing, but certain
home furnishings as well. Made from
interlocking stitches, knits are available
in five different categories: firm, stable
double knits that don't have a lot of
stretch; single knits, which are
lightweight; textured knits, such as
velour or terry cloth; two-way stretch
knits, which have a lot of stretch in them;
and ribbing, which is for finishing
garments, like the necklines of T-shirts.
⦁ Clothing:
Clothing is the most popular item to
make with knits because of the many
varieties of knit fabrics available. Use
jersey, which is a single knit, to make
clothing with a soft, fluid design, such as
dresses, T-shirts, soft jackets and coats.
Use double knits to create jackets, coats
and pants. Interlock knits are suitable for
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evening wear and lingerie. Tricot is
perfect for active wear, such as leotards
and bathing suits. Sweater knits can be
used to make tops, sweater dresses and
skirts.

⦁ Curtains:
Although knits are mainly considered for
clothing, stable knits are an excellent
choice for curtains. Although these types
of fabrics retain their original shape
easier, their knit construction allows the
fabric to drape well, especially when
tiebacks are used. Also consider stretch
woven fabrics, such as gabardine or
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satin, for use in curtains for a more
tailored look.

⦁ Blankets, Towels and Pillows:

Because knits stretch, only certain types
can be used for blankets, towels and
pillows. Fleece knits, which are easy to
sew, can be used to make blankets,
according to the Reader's Digest "New
Complete Guide to Sewing." Stretch
terry cloth, which is bulky, is perfect for
use in beach, bath and hand towels,
where complicated seams are
unnecessary. Raschel knits, which are
soft and lofty, are suited for projects
such as throw and decorative pillows,
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where bulky seams are not a concern.

Smart tech:
Knitted fabrics are most widely used
fabrics in smart textile due to their
stretching ability they are more
comfortable as compare to woven
fabrics.

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In contruction:
Construction industry is a great market
for textiles and also for knitted fabrics
among them. Around buildings being
under construction or renovation the
scaffold is usually covered by raschel-
knitted net

Knitted fabrics can be used also to

reinforce wall coverings, both outside
and inside. Some types of geotextiles and
geogrids are also knitted structures, as
mentioned above (Fig. 6) Many
buildings, and not only provisional ones,
have roofs made of textile fabrics (sports
stadiums, air terminals, halls for various
functions, etc.). If this roof is made from
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knitted fabric bi- or multiaxial knitted
structures are used with waterproof and
weatherproof coating. Huge areas, many
hundreds of square metres can be
covered by such fabric.

Comparison of mechanical and confort

properties

Stretching ability:
stretch refers to an impermanent
increase in size, and not the permanent
change in size that is common with some
fiber types. Typically knits will have
stretch along all axes, but the amount of
stretch in each direction will be
dependent on the type of knit. Ribbed
knits are much stretchier in the
horizontal direction than jersey knits,
and purl knits, also known as garter
stitch, is stretchier in the vertical. The
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elasticity in knits come from the freedom
of movement and open spaces that the
interconnected loops have. Wovens,
however, are more structured due to the
rigid, right angles and will have little to
no stretch on the horizontal and vertical,
but will along the diagonal, more
commonly referred to in textiles as the
bias. Stretchiness can be increased in all
fabrics with the addition of spandex or
other related material to the fiber during
the yarn spinning process prior to
knitting/weaving.

Wrinkle resistant:
For the same reasons that knits stretch,
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they also resist wrinkling. Wrinkles are
caused by heat or moisture which causes
the fibers to move and reset into new
uneven or bent positions. The
interconnected loops of knit fabric and
their elasticity make it easier for knit
fabric to bounce back to their original
shape instead of getting stuck in the new
wrinkled shape. This doesn’t mean knit
fabric can’t wrinkle, it just takes more to
make it wrinkle than woven fabric. Some
fiber types don’t wrinkle at all regardless
of what type of textile they are, including
many blended fabrics, chemically treated
cotton, and cashmere.

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Pilling resistant:
Pilling occurs when a loose end of spun
fiber detaches from the yarn and
becomes entangled with itself and other
loose ends. Excessive rubbing and
abrasion increases pilling. It is far more
of a problem for knits than wovens
because of the ease of movement and
greater distance between the yarn in
knits. The highly structural nature of
wovens make it harder for the individual
yarns to rub against each other the way
knits do. Looser weaves and knits are
more prone to pilling than tighter ones
for the same reason.

Finishing and damage:

Raw edge hems have become popular in
recent years, and if you’ve taken a close
look at them, you’ll notice that all items
made with a raw finish are knits. This is
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because woven fabric will unravel and
fray if there is no finishing. The weft
threads will come loose and come off the
fabric, leaving dangling warp threads.
Wovens will also fray if a hole is torn in
them, while knits will run, a problem
most commonly noticed in stockings and
tights. Runs occur because once the hole
happens the loops above and below it
are no longer secured and come
undone.. Typically woven fabric is more
structured and therefore more formal,
while knits are more casual. Knits are
easier to fit because of their stretchiness.
However, these aspects are not the only
considerations needed when deciding on
a fabric for a given piece, the fiber type,
how loose/tight the knit/weave is, and
color are all other important factors.

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