10 Mdcat Tips

On

HOW TO SOLVE PHYSICS’

CALCULATIONS QUICKLY
WITHOUT USING
CALCULATOR

by

HASSAAN RASHEED
SMC’25
As we all know that calculator is not allowed in MDCAT , and
the calculation part of Physics mcqs is very time-consuming ,
So I am going to share some of the tips and tricks that i have
been

using in my calculations , i hope it will help you .

# 1) Solving squareroots without calculator

Sbsy pehly to apko atleast 1-20 tk k squares ki values yaad
honi chahiyen . 1-10 are quite easy so i am starting from 11.

• 11 square = 121
• 12 square = 144
• 13 square = 169
• 14 square = 196
• 15 square = 225
• 16 square = 256
• 17 square = 289
• 18 square = 324
• 19 square = 361
• 20 square = 400
Next apko kuch square roots ki values yaad hona lazmi hain

• Square root 2 = 1.4

• Square root 3 = 1.7
• Square root 5 = 2.2
• Square root 7 = 2.6

~ in values ko yaad krny sy ap bari values k sqaureroots ko

easily nikal skty hain , mtlb agr 21 ka squareroot apko find
krna ha to ap usk multiples dhundein jo k 7 or 3 bnty hain or is
trah un dono k sq.roots ki values ko multiply krny sy apk pas
sq.root21 ki value ajay gi

~ or agr apko koi aesa number ajay squareroot nikalny k liy jisk
multiples k squareroots apko yad nahi hain , to tb aap
“Approximation method” use kryn gy , like agr apko 29 ka
square root chahiy to aap dekhyn k isk qareeb qareeb konsy
whole-number k squares arhy hain . ab 29 k 1 trf 5 ka square
25 ata ha , or dusri trf 6 ka square 36 ata ha . to is trah apko
andaza hojay ga k 29 k squareroot ki value 5 or 6 k kahin
darmeyan ma( 5 . something ) hogi

~ 1 more point : lets suppose k ap aesi condition ma agy hain

k apk paas numerator ya denominator ma sy kisi 1 ma simple
2 present ha or dusry ma sq.root 2 present ha , to isk liy ap
yaad rkhein gy k ( “ a simple 2 contains 2 square roots of 2 in it
“) which means ——> [ 2= (sq.root2) x (sq.root2) ] is trah ap
simple 2 ki jga ye value lgaa k apni calculation easy bnaa skty
hain.

# 2) Dealing with values of π

Dekhein it is very common k hm sbko ‘pi’ ki 2no values pta
hoti hain which are

• = 3.14

&

• = 22/7

But yahan apko ye jan’na boht zruri ha k kis value ko kab

istemal kryn gy to hmari calculation asaan bny gi , look ,jb
apko lgy k apki calculation k numerator ma 7 ka koi multiple
present ha (mtlb 14,21 kuch b) tb aap uski value 22/7 use krain
, jb apko lgy k apki calculation ma 3.1 ka koi multiple
numerator ya denominator present ha ya apk pas dusri values
b decimal points ma mojuud hain tb ap uski 3.14 wali value
use krain , is sy apki calculation asaan hogi
Moreover , remember one thing k jb b aap kisi b trignometric
function k sath ‘ ’ use kr rhy hain , for example (sin theta) ma
, then it will become [sin (omega).(t)] which gives us [ sin (2 π /
T). (t) ] to isk andar apko sath ma Time period or small t
(instantaneous time) given hoga , is trah k questions ma jisma
apko (theta) ki value find krni ha usma ap ‘ ’ ko ‘ ’ hi rehny
dain gy , uski value yahan put krni ki bilkul koi b zrurat nai ha ,
by solving other quantities apko value mily gi kuch is trah ki
( /6, /2) wgera, Kyunk yahan py ‘ ’ phase(angle) ko
represent kr rha ha ,to yahan (pi/2 = 90 degrees) hoga, to is
trah apko 1 angle ki value mil jay gi degrees ma jisko ap easily
phr sin ya cos k sath lgaa k uski value find krskyn gy, agr ap us
jga ‘ ’ ki value ghalti sy put kryn gy to apko koi angle nahi
mily ga phir (which is essentially required in this case).

# 3) Keeping 1 quantity constant and deriving

the relation between other 2 quantities
Is trah k questions ma mostly apko 3 types ki quantities di jaati
hain , unma sy 1 type esi hoti ha jisma wo quantities ko khud
constant btaa dety hain , or baqi 2 types k darmeyan apko
relation derive krna prta ha bcz wo in dono ma sy kisi 1 ko
increase/decrease krain gy or uska effect dusry par kyaa
hogaa woh effect pucha jay ga

It is compulsory in these questions , k aap hmeshaaaa koi esa

formula use kro gy jin ma ye 3no types ki quantities present
hon (laazmi tor par ) , mtlb mostly hm kyaa krty hain k jo value
constant hoti ha usko ignore kr dety hain or baqi 2 k
darmeyan relation nikal lety hain , lekin ye ghalat ha , ap
relation hmesha us formula sy derive krain gy jisma wo
constant ki quantity laaaaazmi present ho .

For example :

• Kinetic Energy

• apko velocity constant di gyi ha , or K.E or mass k darmeyan

relation pucha gya ha , to ap simply (K.E = 1/2 mv^2) wala
formula use kro gy , velocity constant krny sy K.E ka direct
relation ajay ga mass k sath

• secondly , agr apko momentum constant diya gya ha

question ma or phr K.E or mass k darmeyan relation pucha gya
ha phr aap (K.E = P^2 /2m ) wala formula use kro gy ,
momentum constant krny sy phir apk pas K.E ka inverse
relation ay ga mass k sath.
(This is how much important is choosing your correct formula
for relation derivation ! )

Is trah ki mere zehn ma is time 2,3 examples or hain jo ma

apsy share krleta hun

• Centripetal force

• when linear velocity is constant then centripetal force is

inversely proportional to the radius of circle (according to
formula Fc= mv^2/r)

• when angular velocity is kept constant then centripetal force

is directly proportional to radius of circle (according to
formula Fc = m.r. omega^2 )

• Energy density

• when stress is kept constant then energy density is inversely

proportional to young modulus (according to formula E.D =
stress^2/ 2Y)
• when strain is kept constant then Enrgy density is directly
proportional to youngs modulus(Y) ( according to formula
E.D= (strain^2).Y/2 )

Sometimes esy hota ha k unhon ny question ma kisi esi

quantity ko constant kiya hota ha jo normally hmary textbook
formula ma present nai hoti , to whan phr hmain khud sy 1
derivation krni parti ha taa k hm specifically us quantity ko
apny formula ma ly k ayen or phr usy constant krein or phr
remaining quantities k darmeyan relation derive krain ,

For example

e/m = v/Br . Somedays ago i came across a question in which

they had kept K.E constant and had asked about the relation
between q/m and r , so generally hmari book ma aesa koi
formula given nai ha but iski 1 derivation ha jis sy K.E formula
ma ajati ha (the derivation is written in picture that i have
attached below) and the relation which comes out is [ radius(r)
is directly proportional to (sq.root of mass (m)/ simple charge
(q) ]
# 4) Area or volume in prefixes
Somtimes , area ya volume unhon ny ‘cm’ ya ‘mm’ ma diya
hota ha , to inko meter ma convert krny k liy yaad rkhain k agr
to apko (centimeter)^2 given ha to yhan pr centi ki power
(10^-2) ka b square put hoga which will be (10^-4)

For example you are given with area 2cm^2 then this area in
meters will be (2 x 10^-4 metersquare) instead of (2 x 10^-2
metersquare)

•same will be the case for volume (usma jo b prefix use hua
hoga uska cube ly kr usy meter ma convert kiya jay ga)

Moreover apko Area main hony wala change bta k radius ka

change pucha ja skta ha , to usk liy ap formula use kryn gy ( A
= π r ^2 ) . So is formula k mutabiq area ma jo b change ayega
, radius ma us change ka square jay ga . like agr area double
kiya ha to radius 4 times hoga . or agr area 4 times kiya ha to
radius 16 time hojaye ga .

# 5) Use of 10 raised to ‘n’ power

Generally ye 10 ki powers to easily solveable hoti hain bcz inko
hm asaani sy denominator sy numerator ma ly jaaty hain or
uski power ki sign ko opposite kr dety hain , but most
importantly hm in 10 ki powers ko sath wali numerical or
decimal values ko solve krny k liy b use kr skty hain ,
For example , if u have 1800 in numerator and 3.6 in
denominator, then is trah ki condition ma ap 1800 ko 1.8 x
10^3 likhain or is trah 1.8 kyunk 3.6 ka multiple ha to ap unki
jgaaa easily 1/2 ya 0.5 likh k apni in numerical or decimal point
wali values ko solve kr skty hain (by using the convenience
provided by powers of 10)

Dekhein , no doubt , k ye jo baatein ma btaa rha hun ye booht

i basic or asaaan c hain , but u know apk paas srf(on average)
45 seconds hain 1 mcq k liy , or aik solution ki calculation krny
k boooht sary ways hoty hain , to apko kuch nai pta k apka
dimaag us 45 seconds ma apko konsy way pr lgata ha , to agr
koi shortest way apny test k pehly sy 1 dfa dekha hua ha ya us
tariky sy solve ki hui ha koi calculation , to wo surely apk
conscious mind ya sub-conscious mind ma store hoga , or jb
ap test ma jao gy to apka mind apk hands ko guide kry ga k (
‫)فالں فالں رستے سے جاو وہ رستہ اپکو جلد آپکی منزل تک پہنچا دے گا‬

# 6) Values of some quantities and their

respective useful conversions
• as we all know about the e/m value of electron
e/m =1.7588 x 10^11

We should also learn the value of m/e

m/e = 5.6 x 10^-12

Suppose you have the formula (e/m = v/Br) , u are given with
velocity and Magnetic field strength and u have to find out the
radius r , then surely u will move ‘r’ from denominator of one
side to the numerator on the other side of equation , and e/m
will also move to the other side of equation and will become
reciprocal of e/m which is (m/e ) , so instead of struggling with
(1/e/m ) or putting seperate values of ‘m’ or ‘e’ in m/e , u can
simply put that value which u have learned already , so it will
make your calculation easy

• as u know that value of planck constant is

h = 6.63 x 10 ^-34 J.s

And

c = 3 x 10^8

So u should learn their combined value of (hc)

(hc= 1.9 x 10^-25 J.m)

As it is used frequently in formula (E= hc / lambda )

• 1eV = 1.6 x 10^-19 (Joule)

And

1Joule = 6.25 x 10^18 eV

# 7) Trigonometric functions
Ye trigonometric functions ki values ko yaad krny k liy ap sbsy
pehly in values ko tarteeb ma yaad krlyn in forward direction
and in reverse direction both ( 0 , 0.5 , 0.7 , 0.86 , 1 ) & ( 1 , 0.86
, 0.7 , 0.5 , 0) . Ab isk baad apko 2 baatein yad krni hain k

#1 : trigonometric function ‘cos’ ki value zero degrees py

maximum ( which means 1) hoti ha

#2 : or trigonometric function ‘sin’ ki value 90 degrees py

maximum ( 1 ) hoti ha

~ ab jesy jesy ap trigonometric functions ki max value waly

angle sy duur jaty jayen gy , wesy wesy us trigonometric
function ki value less hoti jay gi , like cos 0 ̊ py 1 ha , 0 ̊ sy thora
duur jayen to cos30 ̊ py 1 sy kam 0.86 hojay ga , thora or dur
cos45 ̊ py jayen to wo 0.86 sy kam hokr 0.7 hojay ga , thora or
duur cos60 ̊ py wo 0.5 hojay ga , or end py cos90 ̊ py 0 hojay
ga

~ same will be the case for trigonometric function ‘sin’ ( it will

run in reverse order ) , sin 90 ̊ py 1 , us sy thora duur sin60 ̊ py
0.86 , thora or duur sin45 ̊ py 0.7 , sin30 ̊ py 0.5 , or last py sin0 ̊
py 0 .

COS
•Cos 0 ̊ = 1

•Cos 30 ̊ = 0.86 = sq.root3/2

•Cos 45 ̊ = 0.7 = 1/sq.root2

•Cos 60 ̊ = 0.5 = 1/2

•Cos 90 ̊ = 0

•Cos 120 ̊ = - (cos 60) = -0.5 = -1/2

•Cos 135 ̊ = - (cos 45) = -0.7 = -1/sq.root2

•Cos 150 ̊ = -(cos 30) = -0.86 = - sq.root3/2

•Cos 180 ̊ = -(cos 0) = -1

 SIN
•Sin 0 ̊ = sin 180= 0

Sin 30 ̊ = Sin 150 =0.5 = 1/2

Sin 45 ̊ = Sin 135 =0.7 = 1/sq.root2

Sin 60 ̊ = sin 120 = 0.86 = sq.root3/2

Sin 90 ̊ = 1

TAN
If u want to find the value of any of these angles with ‘tan’

Then simply put

Tan (theta) = sin (theta)/cos (theta)

#8 ) North,South,East,West
To draw these cardinal directions correctly on a paper , u have
to follow the word “NEWS” , now i am going to show you a
specific direction in which you have to write these alphabets in
the same order ( as they are present in the word NEWS) . this
technique will help you to learn how to draw cardinal
directions quickly and will ease your calculations.

That specific direction is shown in pic #2 (which i have

attached below
#9) Dealing with %age change
(increase/decrease) in K.E and Momentum and
their respective effect on each other
a) When %age change is given in Momentum and its effect
on K.E is asked

• %age increase in K.E=2p+p^2/100

• %age decrease in K.E=2p-p^2/100

These two formulas are used when %age change in

momentum is given in question and asking for %age change
in K.E.

Examples

1)Momentum of a body is increased by 10% then % increase

in K.E will be 21%

Solution:

%K.E=2p+p^2/100

%K.E=2×10+10×10/100
%K.E=20+1

%K.E=21%

2)Momentum of a body is decreased by 10% then % decrease

in K.E will be 19%

Solution:

%K.E=2p-p^2/100

%K.E=2×10-10×10/100

%K.E=20-1

%K.E=19%

b) When %age change is given in K.E and its effect on

Momentum (P) is asked

• %age increase in P=[(sq root 1+K.E/100)-1)]×100

• %age decrease in P=[1-(sq root 1-K.E/100)]×100

Examples:
1) K.E of a body is increased by 44% then % increased in
momentum will be 20%

Solution:

%change in P=[(sq root 1+K.E/100)-1]×100

%change in P=[(sq root 1+44/100)-1]×100

%change in P=[(sq root 1+0.44)-1]×100

%change in P=[(sq root 1.44)-1]×100

%change in P=[1.2-1]×100

%change in P=0.2×100

%change in P=20%

2) K.E is decreased by 36% then % decreased in momentum is

20%.

Solution:

%change in P=[1-(sq root 1-K.E/100)]×100

%change in P=[1-(sq root 1-36/100)]×100

%change in P=[1-(sq root 1-0.36)×100

%change in P=[1-(sq root 0.64)×100

%change in P=[1-0.8]×100
%change in P=0.2×100

%change in P=20%

#10) Conversion of angles from radians to

degrees and vice versa)
a) Converting radians into degrees

isk liy apko srf 1 value yad krna hogi which is

• 1π=180 degrees

is trah jb b koi value apk paas radians ma ay to ap usma

mojuud π ki jga 180 lga dain or answer nikal lain degrees ma ,
for example u are given with 7π/6 then u will simply put 180 in
place of π , which will become 7(180)/6 = 210 degrees.

b) Converting degrees into radians

isk liy apko atleast ye wali values zrur yaad krna hongi

• 30 deg= π/6 rad.

• 45 deg= π/4 rad
• 60 deg= π/3 rad
• 90 deg=π/2 rad
• 180 deg= π rad.
~ab is conversion ka rule ye ha apko jo b koi bari value di jay
gi to ap usko parts ma divide kro gy (or parts wo waly choose
krna jo upr ye maine 5 values di hain, )

now lets suppose k apko 210 degrees value given ha to ap

usko simply 2 parts ma divide kro gy (180+30), or phr in parts
ki values put krdo gy , mtlb it will become (1π + π/6) which will
give you the answer (7π/6).

Here are the values given , if u want to check the credibility of

above given rule

• 0 deg =0 rad.
• 30 deg=π/6 rad.
• 45 deg= π/4 rad.
• 60 deg=π/3 rad.
• 90 deg= π/2 rad.
• 120 deg= 2π/3 rad.
• 135 deg= 3π/4 rad.
• 150 deg= 5π/6 rad.
• 180 deg=π rad.
• 210 deg=7π/6 rad.
• 225 deg=5π/4 rad.
• 240 deg=4π/3 rad.
• 270 deg= 3π/2 rad.
• 300 deg=5π/3 rad.
• 315 deg=7π/4 rad.
• 330 deg=11π/6 rad.
• 360 deg= 2π rad

RETURNING FAVOURS !
BEST OF LUCK