BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE

1. WHAT DO WE MEAN BY BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE?

 DEFINITION: A branch of science (such as psychology, sociology,
or anthropology) that deals primarily with human action and often
seeks to generalize about human behaviour in society.
 ‘Behavioural sciences is the collective term given to a number of
disciplines which focus on the study of the behaviour of humans.’
 Sometimes, it is difficult for us to study ourselves as human beings.
 By using the word ‘collective,’ ‘Behavioural Science’ is the study of
human behaviour from a number of different subject (discipline)
areas.
 The disciplines (secondary school refers as subject) which contribute
to an understanding of human behaviour are generally:
Psychology History
Sociology Law
Politics Philosophy
Economics Art / music religion
Etc.
 PSYCHOLOGY: Defined as the scientific study of the human mind
and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given
context.
 To understand the behaviour of individuals.
 SOCIOLOGY: The study of the development, structure, and
functioning of human society
 Sociologists have provided great insight into the collective behaviour
of people in groups.
 POLITICS: Defined as the study of behaviour of individuals and
groups within a political environment.
 Specific topics studied by political scientists have implication for
understanding the behaviour of individuals and groups within
organizations.
 ECONOMICS: The branch of knowledge concerned with the
production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.
 The level of income is a function of several factors such as education,
ambition, social class among others. The level of income has an
implication for behaviour and life-style.
 HISTORY: The study of past events, particularly in human affairs.

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 We attempt to extol historical figures who have made major

contributions to helping us understand ourselves.
 Learn from past successes and failures.
 LAW: The system of rules which a particular country or community
recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and which it may
enforce by the imposition of penalties.
 We have to work and do something
 As per the law of any profession or behave as per the rules and
regulations.
 PHILOSOPHY: The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge,
reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic
discipline.
 A theory or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behaviour.
 ART & MUSIC: Music in particular, can have a major influence on
the behaviour of whole groups of people and individuals.
 This influence may be ‘age’ related, or ‘social class’ related, or
‘religion’ related.
 RELIGION: people are greatly influenced by religion.
 Also had huge impact on their behaviour.
 Like Hindu people behaves as per Hindu rituals, Muslims as per their,
Christians as per their and many other religions.

2. HOW DO WE STUDY HUMAN BEHAVIOUR?

 Variety of ways;
 One way is, by observation.
 Observation can give us immediate information about behaviour.
 Second way is by a survey.
 This method involves using questionnaires and personal interviews.

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