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Experimental Investigation on High Strength Concrete using Flyash and Copper

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Conference Paper · May 2020

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 National Conference on Innovative Practices, Recyclable Materials and Energy Efficient Methods in Civil Engineering IPRME’18)
23rd & 24th March, 2018
Paper No: 1049

Experimental Investigation on High Strength Concrete using

Flyash and Copper slag
Dinesh.A1, AnandhaSuthan S.E.2,Aravind.S2, Arjun.B.B.2
1
Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore-22, India
2
Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore-22, India

1
Abstract:Concrete is one of the most commonly concrete was restricted because it leads to the failure
used engineering material across the world. Such of the structure due to the higher stresses developed
concrete is not only used in construction of due to prestressing. Hence while using Prestressed
ordinary buildings and commercial complexes but concrete structures, high strength concrete was
it was also used in the construction of nuclear normally preferred. In general low water-cement ratio
power plants, rail sleepers etc. In the construction is used in producing high strength concrete because it
of heavy structures, normal conventional concrete can reduce the porosity of the concrete. In addition
cannot be used and in such cases, concrete with good quality of materials should be used to produce
improved strength must be used which can be high strength concrete because it will improve the
obtained by adding or replacing materials of the bonding between the aggregate and the cement. Even
concrete. Such type of concrete is called as High the higher quantity of cement contributes to high
strength concrete. And also nowadays, strength concrete, it should be used at the appropriate
construction industry faces lots of challenges due level only because higher cement content will leads
to lack of resources on one side and lots of to thermal cracking of the concrete.
industrial wastes are dumped causing many
environmental hazards on the other side. Hence in II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
this paper, an attempt is made to use the industrial
waste as the replacing material in concrete to The various materials that are used in the casting of
improve its strength properties. In this report, high strength concrete are
M60 grade of concrete is casted by partially
replacing cement with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% A.Cement
fly-ash and partially replacing fine aggregate with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) 53 grade
2% and 4% copper slag. Cubes and cylinders are conforming to BIS specification IS 12269 : 2013 is
casted at various proportions in-order to used in this work.
determine the compressive strength and split Table 1: Properties of Cement
tensile strength of the concrete. From the result of S.No. Property Value
the experimental investigation, it was observed 1. Specific 3.15
that properties of the concrete were improved Gravity
with increase in replacement of fly-ash and copper 2. Compressive 54.8Mpa
slag compared to conventional concrete. Strength
3. Soundness 10 mm
Keywords: High Strength Concrete, Fly-ash,
Copper slag, Strength Properties B. Flyash
The flyash was used as a partial replacement
of cement. The specific gravity of flyash used was
I.INTRODUCTION
2.25.
Concrete is a building material which was
C. Fine aggregate
commonly used in construction industry due to its
The physical properties of the fine aggregate
strength and economy. In the field, concrete of
were as follows
compressive strength varying from 25N/mm2 to
35N/mm2 was most commonly used. The governing Table 2: Properties of Fine aggregate
factors of this compressive strength were the mix S.No. Property Value
proportion of the concrete and the quality of the raw 1. Specific 2.7
materials used. But in the case of special cases like Gravity
huge structures, prestressing etc. conventional 2. Water 1.25 %
concrete was not capable to resist the loads acting on absorption
it. Hence in those cases a concrete which possess 3. Bulk Density 1620
good rheological and mechanical properties have to kg/m3
be used. Such type of concrete is called as High
Strength Concrete. Nowadays in the construction D. Copper Slag
industry usage of high strength concrete is highly The copper slag was used as the partial
improved. One of the advantages of using high replacement of fine aggregate. The properties of the
strength concrete is the reduction of the size of the copper slag were enclosed below
structural components. This leads to the reduction in Table 3: Properties of Copper Slag
the self-weight of the structure especially in the case S.No. Property Value
of high rise buildings. In case of long span structures 1. Specific 3.1
like bridges, Prestressed concrete was usually Gravity
preferred. In those structures usage of conventional 2. Water 0.2%
1
 absorption
3. Bulk Density 2240 IV.EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGAITONS AND
kg/m3 RESULTS

E. Coarse aggregate A.Compressive Strength

The physical properties of the coarse Cubes of size 150mm*150mm*150mm were
aggregate are as follows casted to determine the compressive strength of the
Table 4: Properties of Coarse aggregate concrete at the age of 7 days and 28 days. The results
S.No. Property Value of the high strength concrete with various percentage
1. Specific 2.72 of flyash and copper slag are shown in figure 1.
Gravity
2. Water 1.83 %
absorption
3. Bulk Density 1470
kg/m3

F. Water
Water is used for the hydration of cement.

G. Superplasticizer (Conplast SP 430)

Conplast SP 430 is a chloride free,
superplasticising admixture based on selected
sulphonated naphthalene polymers. Since reduced
water cement ratio is used to produce high strength
concrete, superplasticizers are used to enhance the
workability of the concrete.
III.CONTROL MIX DESIGN
The mix proportion of the concrete obtained
was 1:1.22:2.3:0.3(= Cement : Fine aggregate
:Coarse aggregate : Water) as per IS 10262:2009.
The density of cement and flyash obtained
was tabulated below
Figure 1: Compressive strength of cube
B.Split tensile Strength
Cylinders of dia 150 mm and height 300 mm
were casted to determine the split tensile strength of
the concrete at the age of 7 days and 28 days. The
results of the high strength concrete with various
percentage of flyash and copper slag are shown in
figure 2.

Table 5: Density of Cement and Flyash

S. Replac 2. 5 7. 1
No ement 5 5 0
. (%) o Figure 2: Split tensile strength of cylinder
1. Cemen 3 3 3 3
t 7 5 3 1
(kg/m3) 4 5 5 5 V.CONCLUSIONS
2. Flyash 2 3 5 7 From the experimental results, the following
(kg/m3) 0 9 9 9 conclusions can be made with the replacement of fly-
ash and silica fume in concrete
The density of fine aggregate and copper 1. When the cement is partially replaced with
slag obtained was tabulated below fly ash and fine aggregate is partially replaced with
copper slag the compressive strength of the concrete
Table 6: Density of fine aggregate and copper gets increased.
slag 2. When the fly-ash and copper slag is partially
S.No. Replacement 2 4 replaced with 5% & 2%, 10% & 2%, 15% & 2%,
(%) o 20% & 2%, 5% & 4%, 10% & 4%, 15% & 4% and
1. Fine 721 707 20% & 4% the compressive strength of the concrete
aggregate was improved by
(kg/m3) 1.35%,3.08%,4.48%,6.34%,4.20%,5.71%,7.48% and
2. Copper Slag 15 29 9.43% respectively compared to conventional
(kg/m3) concrete.

2
 3. When the cement is partially replaced with
fly ash and fine aggregate is partially replaced with
copper slag the split tensile strength of the concrete
gets increased.
4. When the fly-ash and copper slag is partially
replaced with 5% & 2%, 10% & 2%, 15% & 2%,
20% & 2%, 5% & 4%, 10% & 4%, 15% & 4% and
20% & 4% the split tensile strength of the concrete
was improved by
3.96%,7.19%,10.07%,12.05%,14.39%,16.73%,19.06
% and 22.84% respectively compared to conventional
concrete.
5. Thus it is concluded that by using flyash and
copper slag in concrete, the strength of the concrete
was improved and also the waste materials were
efficiently utilized hence it leads to the reduction in
environmental hazards due to solid waste.
REFERENCES
[1] Mohammed Nadeem, ArunD.Pofale,
Experimental Investigation of using slag as an
alternative to normal aggregates in concrete,
International Journal of Civil and Structural
Engineering, Volume 3, No.1,2012, pp 117-127.
[2] Neethu Susan Mathew, S.Usha, Effect of copper
slag as partial replacement for fine aggregate in
Geopolymer concrete, IOSR – Journal of Mechanical
and Civil Engineering, Volume 1, No.3,2016,pp 73-
77.
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[3] Arivalagan, Experimental study on the flexural
behavior of reinforced concrete beams replacing
copper slag as fine aggregate, Journal of Civil
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[8] IS 12269:2013 “Specifications for 53 grade
Portland cement”, Bureau of Indian standards, New
Delhi, India