Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

1. Equal: So sánh bằng

*S+ V + as + adj/ adv + as + N( Pro) / S + V
Example: He is as tall as his father
Mai isn't as beautiful as her mother
John sings as well as his sister.
- “as” can be replaced by “ so” in negatives
His job isn’t so difficult as mine

*S + V + the same + (noun) + as + noun ( pronoun)

He is the same height as his father.
2. Comparative degree: So sánh hơn
a. short adjectives/ adverbs:
S + V + ( much/ far ) adj / adv+ er + than + noun/ S + V
Today it is hotter than yesterday.
She is taller than me
He drives faster than me
He is much fatter than me.
*Note: Short adjectives :
- adjectives consist of one syllable
- two - syllable adjectives ending with “ y, le, er, ow, et”
Example: quite – quieter – quietest
clever - clever - cleverest
gentle - gentler - gentlest
b. Long adjectives / adverbs:
S + V + ( much/ far ) more/ less + adj/ adv + than + noun/ S + V
He is more intelligent than me.
Peter dances more beautifully than Tom.
His house is far more expensive than mine.
3. Superlative: So sánh nhất
a. short adjectives/ adverbs: S + V + the adj / adv + est …
He is the tallest boy in his family.
b. Long adjectives / adverbs: S + V + the most/ least + adj/ adv …
These shoes are the least expensive of all.
He is the most selfish person I’ve met.
4. Special cases: Trường hơp đặc biệt
1. good/ well – better – best 2. bad/ badly – worse – worst
3. many/ much – more – most 4. little – less- least
5.far – farther – farthest ( distance – how far) 6.far – further – furthest ( time – how long)
7.old- older – oldest ( age) 8. old – elder – eldest ( in family)
5. Some adjectives which have no comparison form:
- Perfect, unique, matchless (kh«ng cã ®èi thñ), full, empty, square, round, circular ( vßng quanh, trßn),
triangular ( cã ba c¹nh), wooden, yearly, monthly, daily.
- Perfect va full ®«i khi còng dïng ®Ó so s¸nh.
6. Double comparison (So sánh kép)
a. Để diễn tả sự thay đổi theo thời gian của một sự kiện: "càng ngày càng”
-Tăng dần:
S +V +comparative and comparative

1
 ( -short adj/ adv : adj/ adv + er and short adj/ adv +er )
( - long adj/ adv : more and more + adj/ adv )
Eg: The prices of goods gets higher and higher
The exercises get more and more difficult

b.Để diễn tả mối tương quan nguyên nhân , hậu quả của sự biến đổi của hai sự kiện ta dùng: “Càng...........càng”
-Tăng dần:
The comparative + S + V , the+comparative + S + V
(- short adj/ adv : The adj/ adv + er + S + V,................
.Eg: The stronger the wind is, the higher the waves get)
(-long adj / adv : The more + adj / adv + S + V,.......
Eg: The more comfortable the hotel( is), the more expensive the rents (are))
( - Noun : The more + noun + S + V,.....................
Eg: The more book you read, the more knowledge you can get)
(-Verb: The more + S +V,..................
Eg: The more he earns, the more he wants)