1.

0 INTRODUCTION
The Use of cellulose fibres in cement based composites Wood pulp fibres constitute the major
portion of the natural fibres used in cement-based materials. Pulp fibre-cement composites are
gaining popularity because of the advantages associated with the fibres including widespread
resource availability, high fibre tensile strength, high fibre modulus of elasticity, relatively low
cost, and the well-developed technology to extract the fibres as mention earlier in previous
investigations. Values of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased when quantity of
fibres in the composite increased. This behaviour was also reported by authors using different
kinds of vegetable fibres, Similar trends in dependence on fibre content were observed at
testing of mechanical characteristics of hardened composites. Flexural strength increased in the
range of fibre content up to 4 % and higher portion of fibres led to a progressive decrease in the
value of fibre content. Relationship between compressive strength and fibre content
demonstrates a decreasing trend.The recycled fibres from post-consumer waste have offered
advantages of waste reduction and resources protection if this material can be used more for
construction and insulation purposes.

2.0 APPLICATION OF CELLULOSIC FIBER IN OTHER INDUSTRY

Applications of Viscose Fiber

Home Furnishings: Bedspreads, blankets, curtains, draperies, sheets, slipcovers, tablecloths,
upholstery.

Application of Bamboo Viscose

Bamboo decorating series: Used in wallpapers and curtains that can absorb ultraviolet
radiation in various wavelengths, resulting in less harm to the human body. Also used in
television covers, sofa slipcovers, and so on.
Applications of Acetate Fiber
Used to produce different types of clothing such as women’s night wear and formal wear,
coats, accessories for Japanese dresses, blouses, sweaters, scarves, and so on.
Applications of Cuprammonium Rayon Fiber
For square cloth for wrapping things, umbrellas, and so on.

Applications of Lyocell Fiber

Used in conveyor belts, specialty papers, and medical dressings.

Applications of Seacell Fiber

In blends with other fibers, Seacell fiber is used as knitted, woven, or nonwoven fabrics with
excellent softness and breathability in sportswear and yoga attire as well as in sheets, towels,
blankets, and baby clothing. Used by various activewear manufactures such as Lululemon, Orca
triathlete outfitters, Adea yoga clothing and sleepwear, and Falke socks and hosiery.

Applications of Modal Fiber

Modal fiber is widely used in clothing as a replacement for cotton and may also be used in
blends with cotton, wool, and other synthetic fibers such as spandex, and the like [52]. • Used
for both clothing and household textiles.

• Used for tablecloths and bedding, bathrobes, upholstery, and in home furnishings. Also used
in outerwear, sportswear, and leisurewear.

• Applications in undergarments and toweling purposes.

• Lenzing modal is used exclusively for soft flowing tops and lingerie; exclusively in knitwear
markets having high-end apparel/nonapparel products.

• For socks and stockings, as well as in technical applications, such as tire cord, abrasive ground
fabric, rubber cloths, and other coat supports.

3.0 APPLICATION OF CELLULOSIC FIBER IN BUILDING INDUSTRY

Fiber-based boards
The application of fibers in boards includes a large range of different products (e.g., HDF, MDF,
particle board) and applications (e.g., construction, insulation, packaging, furniture). The global
particle board production is over 115 million cubic meters (equivalent to 76 million tons), and
the global MDF/HDF production is over 95 million cubic meters (equivalent to 57 million tons)
(FAO, 2017). The production of other (wood-based) fiber boards has been reported by the FAO
as just over 9 million cubic meters. In addition, similar boards for specific purposes are
produced from other feedstock (e.g., hemp fiber and straw-based boards) or from solid wood
(e.g., plywood). Comparable to the application of fibers in paper and paper-board making, the
largest application is setting the benchmark in terms of prices. Therefore, the world particle
board trade refers to import/export values of about USD 240 per cubic meter which is
equivalent to USD 150 and 160 per ton. In contrast, the MDF/HDF board trade, due to the
higher feedstock quality requirements, refers to about twice the value of particle boards in
terms of mass. The demand for these products is typically driven by the construction sector and
private consumption. However, except for the particle board production in 2009/2010, the
world production of fiber boards has grown constantly over the last ten years.New fibers from
biorefineries might be considered in board production either as (partial) substitutes for the
existing, mainly wood-based fibers in mass production or could serve in specialty applications
due to their special properties. In order to replace fibers in mass applications, a lower price
must be considered as the main argument; hence, such a strategy would yield a low value but
have the advantage of having almost no market capacity constraints. In contrast, a specialty
application may allow for more value to be received for the fibers produced. The identification
of such application fields based on fiber properties is a complex and demanding task.
Furthermore, specialty applications require only limited volumes, which may be lower than the
inelastic supply created by a multi-product biorefining process. Even if the supplied volumes are
clearly below the global demand in such an application, an additional supply could have severe
impacts on such niche markets and be reflected by falling prices.

Insulation materials for buildings

Insulation material is often composed of petrochemical-based material (mainly polystyrene) or
natural substances of mineral origin (glass and rock wool). From the perspective of
sustainability, natural or recycled material could contribute to a reduction in the use of non-
renewable materials and energy and simplify reuse or recycling processes. Heat energy, thermal
conductivity, coefficient of thermal conductance, thermal resistivity, thermal resistance (R-
value), coefficient of heat transmission (U), permeance to water vapor and resistance to water
vapor are important thermal properties for insulating materials.Asdrubali et al. (2015)
described the utilization of unconventional fiber materials, being several residues from
agricultural and production and processing industries (such as bagasse, and reeds) as well as
recycled materials (for instance textile fibers). The majority of these materials have not yet
been characterized completely (e.g., thermal properties, thermal conductivity, specific heat, fire
classification, resistance to water vapor diffusion, sound absorption, fungal resistance and
environmental impacts), which still makes comparisons difficult. However, there are indications
that these materials could compete with conventional materials, and the local availability of
these materials could also lead to a reduction in the economic and environmental impacts
(especially regarding residues and by-products of the agricultural sector) (Asdrubali et al.,
2015). Using natural fibers in insulation generally reduces the consumption of resources and
energy during the material production and fosters the recovery, reuse and recycling of the
products before their final disposal (Ardente et al., 2008). Schiavoni et al. (2016) compared
different insulation materials based on the data in the literature regarding their global warming
potential (GWP) from cradle to gate (i.e., from raw material to the final product, neglecting the
use and the end-of-life phase). They showed that synthetic insulation material had a
consistently higher GWP than natural fiberbased materials. Specifically, extruded expanded
polystyrene had the highest GWP (5.05 - 8.25 kg CO2-eq./functional unit – f.u.), followed by
that of expanded clay (loose) (10.31 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), glass wool (9.89 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), glass
fibers (7.70 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), expanded polyurethane (5.31 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), expanded perlite
(panels) (3.99 kg CO2-eq./f.u.) and expanded vermiculite (loose) (3.36 kg CO2-eq./f.u.). Among
the natural fibers, kenaf had the highest GWP (3.17 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), followed by that of jute
fibers (2.79 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), kenaf fibers (1.13 kg CO2-eq./f.u.), cellulose (0.73 kg CO2-eq./f.u.)
and natural pumice (loose) (0.08 kg CO2-eq./f.u.) (Schiavoni et al., 2016;Zabalza Bribián et al.,
2011; Asdrubali, 2009; Ardente et al., 2008).

04. REFERENCE
01. Regenerated Cellulosic Fibers and Their Implications on Sustainability Sohel Rana,
Subramani Pichandi, Shama Parveen and Raul Fangueiro

02. The Basics of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry by David W. Ball, John W. Hill,
Rhonda J.Scott