BOOKLET 1:

Topics:

Sequences and Series

A.P. and G.P.

Solutions Manual

PROPERTY OF LKX- DO NOT CIRCULATE

BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

1. 17 + 27 + 37 + ... + 417
17 + (n – 1)10 = 417 (M1)
10(n – 1) = 400
n = 41 (A1)
41
S41 = 2 (2(17) + 40(10)) (M1)
= 41(17 + 200)
= 8897 (A1)

OR
41
S41 = 2 (17 + 417) (M1)
41
= 2 (434)
= 8897 (A1) (C4)
[4]

5
2. S5 = 2 {2 + 32} (M1)(A1)(A1)
S5 = 85 (A1)
OR
a = 2, a + 4d = 32 (M1)
 4d = 30
d = 7.5 (A1)
5
S5 = 2 (4 + 4(7.5)) (M1)
5
= 2 (4 + 30)
S5 = 85 (A1) (C4)
[4]

3. a=5
a + 3d = 40 (may be implied) (M1)
35
d= 3 (A1)
35
T2 = 5 + 3 (A1)
2 50
= 16 3 or 3 or 16.7 (3 sf) (A1) (C4)
[4]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

2
u1 3

1 r  2
1  
4. S=  3 (M1)(A1)
2 3

= 3 5 (A1)
2
= 5 (A1) (C4)
[4]

5. (a) Plan A: 1000, 1080, 1160...Plan B: 1000, 1000(1.06), 1000(1.06)2…

2nd month: $1060, 3rd month: $1123.60 (A1)(A1) 2

(b) For Plan A, T12 = a + 11d

= 1000 + 11(80) (M1)
= $1880 (A1)
For Plan B, T12 = 1000(1.06)11 (M1)
= $1898 (to the nearest dollar) (A1) 4

12
(c) (i) For Plan A, S12 = 2 [2000 + 11(80)] (M1)
= 6(2880)
= $17280 (to the nearest dollar) (A1)

1000(1.0612  1)
(ii) For Plan B, S12 = 1.06  1 (M1)
= $16870 (to the nearest dollar) (A1) 4
[10]

6. (a) $1000 × 1.07510 = $2061 (nearest dollar) (A1) (C1)

(b) 1000(1.07510 + 1.0759 + ... + 1.075) (M1)

10
1000(1.075)(1.075  1)
= 1.075  1 (M1)
= $15208 (nearest dollar) (A1) (C3)
[4]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

7. (a) a1 = 1000, an = 1000 + (n – 1)250 = 10000 (M1)

10 000  1000
n= 250 + 1 = 37.
She runs 10 km on the 37th day. (A1)

37
(b) S37 = 2 (1000 + 10000) (M1)
She has run a total of 203.5 km (A1)
[4]

8. (a) u1 = 7, d = 2.5 (M1)

u41 = u1 + (n – 1)d = 7 + (41 – 1)2.5
= 107 (A1) (C2)

n
(b) S101 = 2 [2u1 + (n – 1)d]
101
= 2 [2(7) + (101 – 1)2.5] (M1)
101(264)
= 2
= 13332 (A1) (C2)
[4]

360 240 3
 
9. (a) r = 240 160 2 = 1.5 (A1) 1

(b) 2002 is the 13th year. (M1)

u13 = 160(1.5)13–1 (M1)
= 20759 (Accept 20760 or 20800.) (A1) 3

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

(c) 5000 = 160(1.5)n–1

5000
160 = (1.5)n–1 (M1)
 5000 
 
log  160  = (n – 1)log1.5 (M1)
 5000
log 
 160 
n – 1 = log1.5 = 8.49 (A1)
 n = 9.49  10th year
 1999 (A1)

OR
3
Using a gdc with u1 = 160, uk+1 = 2 uk, u9 = 4100, u10 = 6150(M2)
1999 (G2) 4

1.513  1 
 
1.5  1 
(d) S13 = 160  (M1)
= 61958 (Accept 61960 or 62000.) (A1) 2

(e) Nearly everyone would have bought a portable telephone so there

would be fewer people left wanting to buy one. (R1)
OR
Sales would saturate. (R1) 1
[11]

10. (a) u4 = ul + 3d or 16 = –2 +3d (M1)

16 –  – 2 
d= 3 (M1)
=6 (A1) (C3)

(b) un = ul + (n – 1)6 or 11998 = –2 + (n – l)6 (M1)

11998  2
1
n= 6 (A1)
= 2001 (A1) (C3)
[6]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

11. (a) Ashley

AP 12 + 14 + 16 + ... to 15 terms (M1)
15
S15 = 2 [2(12) + 14(2)] (M1)
= 15 × 26
= 390 hours (A1) 3

(b) Billie
GP 12, 12(1.1), 12(1.1)2… (M1)
(i) In week 3, 12(1.1)2 (A1)
= 14.52 hours (AG)

12[1.1 – 1]
15

(ii) S15 = 1.1 – 1 (M1)

= 381 hours (3 sf) (A1) 4

(c) 12 (1.1)n–1 > 50 (M1)

50
(1.1) > 12
n–1
(A1)
50
(n – 1) ln 1.1 > ln 12
50
ln
12
n–1> ln 1.1 (A1)
n – 1 > 14.97
n > 15.97
 Week 16 (A1)
OR
12(1.1)n–1 > 50 (M1)
By trial and error
12(1.1)14 = 45.6, 12(1.1)15 = 50.1 (A1)
 n – l = 15 (A1)
 n = 16 (Week 16) (A1) 4
[11]

12. (a) (i) PQ = AP2  AQ2 (M1)

= 2 2 =
2 2 4 2  = 2 2 cm (A1)(AG)

(ii) Area of PQRS = (2 2 )(2 2 ) = 8 cm2 (A1) 3

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

(b) (i) Side of third square =  2   2

2 2

= 4 = 2 cm
Area of third square = 4 cm2 (A1)

1st 16 2 nd 8
 
(ii) 2 nd 8 3rd 4 (M1)
8 4 1
 
 Geometric progression, r = 16 8 2 (A1) 3

10
1 16
 
(c) (i) u11 = u1r = 16  2  = 1024
10
(M1)
1
= 64 ( = 0.015625 = 0.0156, 3 sf) (A1)

16
u1 1
1–
(ii) S = 1 – r = 2 (M1)
= 32 (A1) 4
[10]

13. Arithmetic sequence d = 3 (may be implied) (M1)(A1)

n = 1250 (A2)
1250  1250 
 or S  (6  1249 3)
S = 2 (3 + 3750)  2  (M1)
= 2 345 625 (A1) (C6)
[6]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

14.
x f f
4 2 2
5 5 7
6 4 11
7 3 14
8 4 18
10 2 20
12 1 21
(a) m=6 (A2) (C2)

(b) Q1 = 5 (A2) (C2)

(c) Q3 = 8 (A1)
IQR = 8 – 5 (M1)
= 3 (accept 5 – 8 or [5, 8]) (C2)
[6]

15. Arithmetic sequence (M1)

a = 200 d = 30 (A1)
(a) Distance in final week = 200 + 51 × 30 (M1)
= 1730 m (A1) (C3)

52
(b) Total distance = 2 [2.200 + 51.30] (M1)
= 50180 m (A1) (C3)
Note: Penalize once for absence of units ie award
A0 the first time units are omitted, A1 the next time.
[6]

1 1
16. (a) (i) Area B = 16 , area C = 64 (A1)(A1)

1 1
16  1 64  1
1 4 1 4
(ii) 4 16 (Ratio is the same.) (M1)(R1)

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

1
(iii) Common ratio = 4 (A1) 5

1 1 5
 
(b) (i) Total area (S2) = 4 16 16 = (= 0.3125) (0.313, 3 sf) (A1)

1   1  
8
1   
4   4  

1
1
(ii) Required area = S8 = 4 (M1)
= 0.333328 2(471...) (A1)
= 0.333328 (6 sf) (A1) 4
Note: Accept result of adding together eight areas
correctly.

1
4
1
1
(c) Sum to infinity = 4 (A1)
1
= 3 (A1) 2
[11]

17. (a) (i) Neither

(ii) Geometric series
(iii) Arithmetic series
(iv) Neither (C3)
Note: Award (A1) for geometric correct, (A1) for
arithmetic correct and (A1) for both “neither”. These
may be implied by blanks only if GP and AP correct.

(b) (Series (ii) is a GP with a sum to infinity)

3
Common ratio 4 (A1)
 
a  1 

1 r  3
 1 
S =  4 (M1)
∞
=4 (A1) (C3)
Note: Do not allow ft from an incorrect series.
[6]

9
BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

18. (a) (i) $11400, $11800 (A1) 1

10
 (2 11000  9  400)
(ii) Total salary 2 (A1)
= $128000 (A1)(N2) 2

(b) (i) $10700, $11449 (A1)(A1)

10th year salary  10 000(1.07)

9
(ii) (A1)
= $18384.59 or $18400 or $18385 (A1)(N2) 4

(c) EITHER
n
SA   2 11000  (n  1)400 
Scheme A 2 (A1)
10 000(1.07 n  1)
SB 
Scheme B 1.07  1 (A1)

Solving SB  SA (accept SB  SA , giving n  6.33 ) (may be implied) (M1)

Minimum value of n is 7 years. (A1)
(N2)
OR
Using trial and error (M1)

Arturo Bill
6 years $72 000 $71532.91
7 years $85 400 $86 540.21
(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for both values for 6 years, and
(A1) for both values for 7 years.
Therefore, minimum number of years is 7. (A1) (N2) 4
[11]

19. (a) Recognizing an AP (M1)

u1 =15 d = 2 n = 20 (A1) 4
substituting into u20 = 15 + (20 –1) × 2 M1
= 53 (that is, 53 seats in the 20th row) A1
20 20
(b) Substituting into S20= 2 (2(15) + (20–1)2) (or into 2 (15 + 53)) M1
= 680 (that is, 680 seats in total) A1 2

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL
[6]

20. (a) 5000(1.063)n A1 1

(b) Value = $5000(1.063)5 (= $6786.3511...)
= $6790 to 3 sf (Accept $6786, or $6786.35) A1 1

(c) (i) 5000(1.063)n > 10000 or (1.063)n > 2 A1 1

(ii) Attempting to solve the inequality «log (1.063) > log 2 (M1)
n > 11.345... (A1)
12 years A1 3
Note: Candidates are likely to use TABLE or LIST
on a GDC to find n. A good way of communicating
this is suggested below.
Let y = 1.063x (M1)
When x = 11, y = 1.9582, when x = 12, y = 2.0816 (A1)
x = 12 ie 12 years A1 3
[6]

21. (a) u1  S1  7 (A1) (C1)

(b) u2  S2  u1  18  7

 11 (A1)
d  11  7 (M1)
4 (A1) (C3)

(c) u4  u1  (n  1) d  7  3(4) (M1)

u4  19 (A1) (C2)
[6]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

22. For using u3 = u1r2 = 8 (M1)

8 = 18r2 (A1)
8  4
 
r2 = 18  9 
2
r=3 (A1)(A1)
u1
S  ,
1 r

54
S   54 , (10.8)
5 (A1)(A1)(C3)(C3)
[6]

23. (a) For taking an appropriate ratio of consecutive terms (M1)

2
r= 3 A1 N2

(b) For attempting to use the formula for the nth term of a GP (M1)
u15 = 1.39 A1 N2

(c) For attempting to use infinite sum formula for a GP (M1)

S = 1215 A1 N2
[6]

24. (a) (i) r = 2 A1 N1

(ii) u15 = 3 (2)14 (A1)
= 49152 (accept 49200) A1 N2

(b) (i) 2, 6, 18 A1 N1
(ii) r=3 A1 N1

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

(c) Setting up equation (or a sketch) M1

x 1 2 x  8

x  3 x 1 (or correct sketch with relevant information) A1

x2 + 2x + 1 = 2x2 + 2x  24 (A1)
x2 = 25
x = 5 or x = 5
x = 5 A1 N2
Notes: If “trial and error” is used, work must be
documented with several trials shown.
Award full marks for a correct answer with this
approach.
If the work is not documented, award N2 for a
correct answer.

1
(d) (i) r= 2 A1 N1
(ii) For attempting to use infinite sum formula for a GP (M1)
8
1
1
S= 2

S = 16 A1 N2
Note: Award M0A0 if candidates use a value of r
where r > 1, or r < 1.
[12]

25. (a) (i) S4 = 20 A1 N1

(ii) u1 = 2, d = 2 (A1)
Attempting to use formula for Sn M1
S100 = 10100 A1 N2

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

 1 4
 
2  0 1 
(b) (i) M = A2 N2
  1 2  1 4
 or    
3 2

2   0 1  0 1 
(ii) For writing M as M  M or M  M M1
 1 0 4  2
 
0  1
M3 =  0  0 A2
 1 6
 
3  0 1 
M = AG N0

 1 8
 
(c) (i) M4 =  0 1  A1 N1
 1 2   1 4   1 6   1 8
          
4  0 1   0 1   0 1   0 1 
(ii) T = (M1)
 4 20
 
 0 4 
= A1A1 N3

 1 2  1 4  1 200
      ...   
1
(d) T100 =  0 1  0 1 0 (M1)
100 10100
 
 0 100 
= A1A1 N3
[16]

26. Note: Throughout this question, the first and last terms are
interchangeable.
(a) For recognizing the arithmetic sequence (M1)
u1 = 1, n = 20, u20 = 20 (u1 = 1, n = 20, d = 1) (A1)
Evidence of using sum of an AP M1
1 20 20 (or S 
20
 2 1 191 )
S20 = 2 2 A1
S20 = 210 AG N0

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

(b) Let there be n cans in bottom row

Evidence of using Sn = 3240 (M1)
1 n n  3240, n  2   n 1   3240, n  2n   n 1   1   3240
eg 2 2 2

n2 + n  6480 = 0 A1
n = 80 or n = 81 (A1)
n = 80 A1 N2

1  n  n
(c) (i) Evidence of using S = 2 (M1)
2S = n2 + n A1
n2 + n  2S = 0 AG N0
(ii) METHOD 1
Substituting S = 2100
1  n  n
eg n2 + n  4200 = 0, 2100 = 2 A1
EITHER
n = 64.3, n = 65.3 A1
Any valid reason which includes reference to integer being needed,
R1
and pointing out that integer not possible here. R1 N1
eg n must be a (positive) integer, this equation does not have
integer solutions.
OR
Discriminant = 16 801 A1
Valid reason which includes reference to integer being needed,R1
and pointing out that integer not possible here. R1 N1
eg this discriminant is not a perfect square, therefore no
integer solution as needed.
METHOD 2
Trial and error
S64 = 2080, S65 = 2145 A1A1
Any valid reason which includes reference to integer
being needed, R1
and pointing out that integer not possible here. R1 N1
[14]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

1
27. (a) 5 (0.2) A1 N1

9
1
u10  25 
(b) (i) 5 (M1)
 1 7 
   ,1.2810 5 , 1 
 5  78125
= 0.0000128  A1 N2
n 1
1
u n  25 
(ii) 5 A1 N1

 
 
 25 
 1 
 1   
5
(c) For attempting to use infinite sum formula for a GP     (M1)

125
 31.25   31.3 to 3 s f 
S= 4 A1 N2
[6]

28. (a) For taking three ratios of consecutive terms (M1)

54 162 486
    3
18 54 162 A1
hence geometric AG N0

(b) (i) r=3 (A1)

1
un = 18  3n A1 N2
1
(ii) For a valid attempt to solve 18  3 n = 1062882 (M1)
eg trial and error, logs
n = 11 A1 N2
[6]

29. (a) 3, 6, 9 A1 N1

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

(b) (i) Evidence of using the sum of an AP M1

20
2  3   20 1  3
eg 2
20

 3n  630
n 1
A1 N1
(ii) METHOD 1
100

 3n
n 1
Correct calculation for (A1)
100
 2  3  99 3 ,15150
eg 2
Evidence of subtraction (M1)
eg 15150  630
100

 3n 14520
n  21
A1 N2
METHOD 2
Recognising that first term is 63, the number of terms is 80(A1)(A1)
80
 63  300 , 80 126 79 3
eg 2 2
100

 3n 14520
n  21
A1 N2
[6]

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

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BOOKLET ONE: SEQUENCES AND SERIES SOLUTIONS MANUAL

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