Water Tank Group Project File

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
MANKEDA,
AGRA
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SESSION 2019-20
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT REPORT
ON
DESIGN OF R.C.C. OVER HEAD TANK
SUBMITTED ON PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF

THE
DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
AJAY KUMAR SHARMA,ANUPAM SINGH,BHAGWATI NANDAN,
GAJENDRA PAL SINGH,SACHIN KUMAR,VISHAL VERMA
UNDER THE TECHNICAL GUIDANCE OF
MR. A. K. MISHRA(PRINCIPAL)
G. P. MANKEDA AGRA
SUBMITTED TO:
MRS. KHUSHBOO VERMA MR. ASEEM KUMAR

LECTURER LECTURER
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
1
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC MANKEDA,AGRA

B.T.E. LUCKNOW U. P., 2019-20
CERTIFICATE
This is certified that this project report entitled “Design of R.C.C. OVER
HEAD TANK” which is submitted by AJAY KUMAR SHRMA,ANUPAM
SINGH,BHAGWATI NANDAN,GAJENDRA PAL SINGH,SACHIN
KUMAR,VISHAL VERMA partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award
of DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERINGfrom GOVT. POLYTECHNIC
MANKEDA, AGRAis record of student´s award carried out by them under my
supervision.
This project includes all instructions laid down by BOARD

OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION LUCKNOW, U. P.
I wish for those bright carriers and all the success in future
KHUSHBOOVERMA
LECTURER
(CIVIL ENGG.)
2
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to express my gratitude to all the people behind the screen who helped me to transform
an idea into a real application.
I would like to express my heart-felt gratitude to my parents without whom I would not have been
privileged to achieve and fulfill my dreams. I am grateful to our Principal, MR. A.K. MISHRA who
most ably run the institution and has had the major hand in enabling me to do my project.
I profoundly thankMRS. KHUSHBOO VERMA, Head of the Department of CIVIL Engineering

who has been an excellent guide and also a great source of inspiration to my work.
The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful Completion of the task would be great
but incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible with their constant guidance
and encouragement crowns all the efforts with success. In this context, I would like thank all the other
staff members, both teaching and non-teaching, who have extended their timely help and eased my
task.
AJAY KUMAR SHARMA
ANUPAM SINGH
BHAGWATI NANDAN
GAJENDRA PAL SINGH
SACHIN KUMAR
VISHAL
VERMA
3
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
INDEX
S.NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1. Introduction 6
2. Object of project 5
3. Theory 8
4. Specification of Domes 16
5. Design of Intez Tank 28
6. Estimating and costing 49
7. Abstract of cast 53
8. Suggestion& Conclusion 58
9. Reference 60
10. Drawing
4
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
DESIGN OF R.C.C. OVER HEAD TANK
5
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
6
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
OVER HEAD TANK
Water tank is used to store water to tide over the daily requirement.In the construction of
structure for the storage of water and other liquids, Theimperviousness of concrete is most
essential. In general water tanks can be classified under three heads:
1. Tanks resting on ground.

2. Elevated tanks supported on staging.
3. Underground tanks.
Form the shape point of views:-
1. Circular tanks.
2. Rectangular tanks.
3. Spherical tanks.
4. Inteztanks.
5. Circular tanks with conical bottoms.
The permeability of any uniform and thoroughly compacted concrete of given mire
propertyone is mainly dependent on water cement ratio. Water head tank main part of
domes.
Objective of project
I. To astudy about the analysis and design of water tank.
II. To a study about the guidelines for the design of liquid retaining structure according to
ISCode.
III. To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of water tank.
7
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
IV. To develop for the design of water tank of flexible base over head to avoid the tidies
calculation.
8
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
 Theory⇒
Water tank is used of store water for use the daily requirement, In the
construction of concrete structure for the storages of water.
WATER⇒
Water (chemical formula: H₂O) is a transparent fluid which froms the world
stream, lakes, oceans and rain, and is major constituent of the fluids of organisms.
As a chemical compound, a water molecule contains one oxygen

and two hydrogen atoms that are connected by standard ambient temperature and pressure,
but it after co-exists on Earth with its solid, state, ice, and gaseous state steam. It also
exists as snow, fog, dew and cloud.
Necessity of water⇒ In ancient times the water was required only for elomestic purposes
such as drinking, bathing and cooking etc. but now a days due to the advancement of
civilization the utility of water has increased enormously.
Supply of water⇒water supply is the provision of water by public utilites, commercial,

organizations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and
pipes. Irrigation is covered separately.
1. UNDER GROUND WATER.

2. SURFACE WATER
PER CAPITA DEMAND⇒ It may be defined as total consumption of water for a water
supply scheme in a year divided by the population and the number of day in the year i. e.
9
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Per capita demand = Total consumption of under in liters /population×365
It is expressed as litres per capita per day.
The following are the per capita consumption of water for various uses in an average Indian
town.
1. Domestic use 135 liter/capita/day

2. Industrial use 40 liter/capita/day
3. Public use 25 liter/capita/day
4. Fire demand 15 liter/capita/day
5. Losses, wastages and thefts 55 liter/capita/day
TOTAL 270 litre/capita/day
WATER DEMAIND FLUCTUATION⇒ The per capita consumption (demand) of water is

the average consumption of the year. Water supply units should be designed for the maximum
discharge which can ever occur because the maximum hourly demand of the day.
1. SEASONAL FLUCTUATION⇒ Seasonal or monthly fluctuations are prominent in

tropical countries like India. The water demand is Maximum in summer due to use of more
water in bathing, cooling street and lawn sprinkling.
2. DAILY AND HOURLY FLUCTUATION⇒The fluctuation in water demand may be day
to day of the weak and even hour to hour in a particular day. Daily and hourly fluctuation
depend upon many factors such as general habits of the consumers, dim ate conditions and
character of the town/city/ District being served (i. e. residential, industrial or commercial).
The water demand become higher on Sundays and holidays.
MASS CURVE GRAPH⇒Amass diagram is the plot of accumulated in flow (i. e.

supply) or outflow (i. e. demand) versus time. The mass curve of supply (i. e. supply line) is,
therefore, first drawn and is superimposed by the demand curve. The procedure to construct
10
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
such diagram is as follows.MASS
MASS CURVE GRAPH
Types of over head tank⇒
In general water tank

11
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
I. Tank resting on ground.

II. Elevated supported on staging.
III. Underground tank.
 From the shape point⇒
I. Rectangular tank.
II. Circular tank.
III. Spherical tank.
IV. Intze tank.
V. Circular tank with conical bottoms.
Underground tanks
Under ground tank are quite common, as they are used for storage of
water received from water supply mains operating at low pressure, or received from the
over source.
Mains types of underground tank
I. Circular shape.
II. Rectangular shape.
I. Circular tank are used for large capacity.
II. Rectangular tanks for tank of smaller capacity, the cost of shuttering for circular tank
become high.
Rectangular tanks are, therefore used in such circumstance. However, rectangular tanks
are normally not used for large capacities since they are uneconomical and also its exact
analysis is difficult for the wall of a rectangular tank are subjected to bending moment
both in the horizontal as well as in vertical direction .
Though reinforcement is provided, both for moment as well as direct tension ,
12
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
The maximum permissible value of tensile for M-20 concrete may be taken as 1.2 N/mm2
and 1.7 N/mm2respectively for direct tension and due to bending.
III. Circular and intze tank
When water is filled in circular tank, The hydrostatic water pressure willtry to increase in
diameter at any section however, this increase in the diameter at all along the height of
the tank will depend upon the nature of joint at the depend upon the nature of joint at the
junction B of the wall and bottom slab.
CIRCULAR TANK
IF the joint is flexible, it will be free to move over ward to a position B. The
hydrostatic pressure at A,
13
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Zero and hence there will be no change in the diameter at A,The hydrostatic pressure at B.
will be
Maximum, resulting in the maximum increase in diameter there, and maximum

movement at be B if joint is fixed.
No movement is possible, and a fixing moment will be induced in B.
In that case ACB will be the deflected position.
INTZE TANK
In we have analyses circular tank with flat bottom as well as with domical bottom. In the
flat bottom, thickness and rein domed bottom though the thickness and reinforcement in the
ring beam is excessive. In cases of large diameter tanks, on economical alternative would be
to reduce its diameter at I such a tank is knows as intez tank and is very commonly used.
The main advantage of such a tank is that the outward thrust by the ring beam B₂, The
proportions of the conical dome and the bottom dome are so arranged that the out ward
14
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
thrust from bottom dome balances the inward thrust due to conical dome.FI
15
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
INTZE TANK
V=π/4 D²h +πh/12(D²+ Dₒ² +DDₒ)- πh₂²/3(3R₂-h₁)
From economical consideration, the inclination of the conical dome should be 50° to 55°
with horizontal,
The design of such a tank is dome in two stages:-
I. Membrane analysis.
II. Analysis taking.
Rectangular tank ⇒
For tanks of smaller capacity, the costOf shuttering for circular tanks becomes high.
Rectangular tanks are, there used circumstances. How ever rectangular tank are normally
not used for large capacity since they are uneconomical and also its exact analysis is
difficult.
16
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
17
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
A dome may be defined as a thin shell generated by the revolution of a regular curve about one
of its axes. The shape of the dome depends on the type of the curve and the direction of the
axis of revolution.
Nature of stresses in spherical domes ⇒
18
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
A spherical dome may be imagined to consist of a number of horizontal ringsplaced one

over the other, the diameter of the successive rings increase inthe downward direction and
the equilibrium is maintained in dependently of ring above it. The circle of each ring is
called latitude while the circle drawn through two diametrically opposite points on a
horizontal diameter and the crown as a meridian circle.
19
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
 Vertical section⇒
Shows the vertical section of a spherical dome.
The successive horizontal ring subtend equal angle at the centre of the sphere.
20
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
DESIGN OF R. C. DOMES⇒
The requirement of thickness of dome and usually very small. However a, minimum
thickness of 7.5Cm is provided to protect steel, bar and 0.12% for HYSD bars of the
section area in each direction ineridionailyas well as alone the latitudes.
 STRESSES DUE TO WIND LOAD⇒
The analysis in dome due to wind load is

very tedious since the dome has cubature in two direction. Their effect is taken into
account by adding and extra load of about 1000 to 1500 N per sq. m of the surface of
dome.
 PROVISION PF RING BEAM⇒
21
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
If the dome is not hemispherical, the meridian thrust

at the supporting ( i. e. , at the base) will not be vertical. The inclined meridional thrust at
the support will have horizontal component which will cause the supporting wall to burst
outwards, causing it failure.
In order to bear this horizontal component of meridional thrust, a ring beam is provided at
the base of dome. The tensile stress on the equivalent area of concrete on the ring beam
section should not exceed 1.2N/mm².
 PLACEMENT OF MAIN REINFORCEMENT IN DOME⇒
As stated ear
lies, a minimum reinforcement of 0.015% of area is provided both in the direction of
latitude as well as of the meridians. If the reinforcement along the meridians is continued
up to crown, there will be congestion of steel there. Hence from practical considerations,
the meridional reinforcement is stopped at any latitude circle near crown, and a separate
mesh is provide as show in fig.
No separate reinforcement along latitude is provided in this area at the crown.
22
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
PROVISION OF OPENINGS ⇒Openings may be provided in dome as required

from other functional or architectural requirement. How ever , sufficient all round the
opening, as show in fig.
The meridional and hoop reinforcement reaching the opening should be well anchored to the
trimming reinforcement.
23
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
If there is an opening at the crown of the dome, and if there is any concentrated load of
lantern etc.
24
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
 DESIGN REQUIREMENT OF CONCRETE (I. S. I)⇒

In water retaining structure a dense impermeable concrete is required therefore,proportion
of fine and course aggregates to cement should be such as to give high quality concrete.
Concrete mix weaker than M - 20 is not used. The minimum quantity of cement in the
concrete mix shall be not less than 30 KN/m3.The design of the concrete mix shall be such
that the resultant concrete issue efficiently impervious. Efficiently compaction preferably
by vibration is essential. The permeability of the thoroughly compacted concrete is
dependent on water cement ratio. Increase in water cement ratio increases permeability,
while concrete with low water cement ratio is difficult to compact. Other causes of
leakage in concrete are defects such as segregation and honey combing. All joints should
be made water-tight as these are potential sources of leakage. Design of liquid retaining
structure is different from ordinary R.C.C,structures as it requires that concrete should not
crack and hence tensile stresses in concrete should be within permissible limits. A
reinforced concrete member of liquid retaining structure is designed. on the usual
principles ignoring tensile resistance of concrete in bending. Additionally it should be
ensured that tensile stress on the liquid retaining ace of the equivalent concrete section
does not exceed the permissible tensile strength of concrete as given in table 1. For
calculation purposes the cover is also taken into concrete area. Cracking may be caused
due to restraint to shrinkage, expansion and contraction of concrete due to temperature or
shrinkage and swelling due to moisture effects. Such restraint may be caused by .
(i) The interaction between reinforcement and concrete during shrinkage due to drying.
25
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
(ii) The boundary conditions.

(iii) The differential conditions prevailing through the large thickness of massive concrete.
The coefficient of expansion due to temperature change is taken as 11 x 10-6 /° C and
coefficient of shrinkage may be taken as 450 x 10-6 for initial shrinkage and 200 x 10-6
for drying shrinkage.
 JOINTS IN LIQUID RETAINING STRUCTURES ⇒
 MOVEMENT JOINTS.⇒There are three types of movement joints.
(i)Contraction Joint.
Fig (a)
It is a movement joint with deliberate discontinuity without initial gap between the
concrete on either side of the joint. The purpose of this joint is to accommodate
contraction of the concrete. The joint is shown in Fig.
Expansion Joint. ⇒It is a joint with complete discontinuity in both reinforcing steel
andconcrete and it is to accommodate either expansion or contraction of the structure. Atypical
expansion joint is shown in
26
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Fig (b)
CONTRACTION JOINTS ⇒This type of joint is provided for convenience in construction.

This type of joint requiresthe provision of an initial gap between the adjoining parts of
structure which by closingor opening accommodates the expansion or contraction of the
structure
SLIDING JOINT ⇒It is a joint with complete discontinuity in both reinforcement

andconcrete and with special provision to facilitateovement in plane of the joint. A typicaljoint
is shown in Fig. This type of joint is provided between wall and floor in somecylindrical tank
designs.
27
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
TEMPORARY JOINTS
A gap is sometimes left temporarily between the concrete of adjoining parts of a

structurewhich after a suitable interval and before the structure is put to use, is filled with
mortaror concrete completely as in Fig.(a) or as shown in Fig. (b) and (c) with suitablejointing
materials. In the first case width of the gap should be sufficient to allow the sides
to be prepared before filling.Figure (g)
28
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
OVERHEAD WATER TANKS AND TOWER ⇒ Overhead water tanks of

various shapes can be use as service reservoirs, as a balancing tank is water supply
schemes and for replenishing the tanks for various purposes. Reinforced concrete water
have distinct advantages as they are not affected by climatic change, are leak proof,
provide greater rigidity and are adoptable for all shapes.
Component of a water tower consists of-
I. Tank portion with-

I. Roof and roof beam
II. Side walls
III. Floor or bottom slab
IV. Floor beams, including circular girder
B. Staging portion, Consisting of –
I. Columns
II. Foundations
III. Bracings
Types of water tanks may be-
I. Spuare- open or with cover at top.

II. Rectangular- open or with cover at top.
III. Circular- open or with cover at which may be flag or domed.
IV.
29
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
30
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Design on intez tank of 900,000 litres capacity. The height of staging is 16 m uptothe
bottom of tank. The bearing capacity of soil may be assumed to be 150 k N/m². Assume the
intensity of wind pressure as 1500 N/ m². Use M- 20 concrete and HYSD bars.
STEP-1.
Dimensions of the tank.
Let the diameter of cylindrical portion = D =14 m; R=7m.
Let diameter of ring beam B₂=Dₒ=10 m. Height hₒ of conical dome = 2 m. Rise h₁ = 1.8 m ;
Rise h₂ = 1.6 m. The radius R₂ of bottom dome is given by 1.6 (2R₂ - 1.6) = 5² or R₂ =
8.61 m.
Sin ɸ₂ = 5/ 8.61 =0.5807 ; Cos ɸ₂ = .8141 ; Tan ɸ₂ =0.7133
Cot ɸ₂1.4019. Let h be the height of cylindrical portion.
STEP 2.
CAPACITY OF TANK.
V=π/4 D²h +πh/12(D²+ Dₒ² +DDₒ)- πh₂²/3(3R₂-h₁)
Required volume = 900,000 litres = 900 mᶟ.
. 900 = π/4(14)² h + πx 2 /12 (14² + 10² +14 x 10) – π(1.6) ² (3 x 8.16 – 1.6)
From which h = 4.78 m. Allowing for free board, keep h = 5 m.
31
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
For the top dome , the radius R₁ is given by : 1.8 ( 2 R₁ - 1.8) =7 ²
From which
R₁ = 14.50 m; Sin ɸ₁ = 7/14.51 = 0.4824;
ɸ₁ = 28.84°; Cos ɸ₁ = 0.8760
STEP 3.
DESIGN OF TOM DOME.
R₁ = 14.51 m; Sin ɸ₁ = 0.4824 ; Cos ɸ₁=0.8760
Let thickness= t₁ = 100mm = 0.1m. Taking a live load of 1500 N/m 2, total P per sq. m. of
dome = 0.1x25000+1500 =4000 N/m2.
pR ₁ 4000 ×14.51 N
Meridional thrust at edges = T₁ = = = 30938
1+ cos ɸ 1+0.8760 m
=30938N/m.
30938 N
Meridional stress = = 0.31 2 (self)
100× 1000 m
Maximum hoop stress occurs at the centre and its magnitude is =
p R1 1 4000 ×14.51 N N
2 (self).
× = = 290200 2 = 0.29
t1 2 2× 0.1 m mm
Since the stresses are within the safe limits, provide nominal reinforcement @ 0.3%.
32
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
0.3
As = ×100 ×1000=300 mm ²
100
Using 8 mm ɸ bars, A ɸ = 50mm2.
1000× 50
Spacing = ≈ 160 mm
300
Hence provide 8 mm ɸ bars @ 160 mm c/c in both the directions.
SEPT 4.
Design of top ring B1 : Horizontal component of T1 is given by
P1 = T1 Cosɸ = 30938 × 0.8760 =27102 N/m
D 14
Total tension tending to rupture the beam = p₁× = 27102 × = 189712 N.
2 2
Permissible stress in high yield strength deformed bars (HYSD bars) = 150 N/mm2
∴ Ash = 189712/150 =1265 mm2
∴ No of 20 mm ∅ bars = 1256/314.16 ≈ 4.
Actual Ash provided = 314.16× 4 = 1257 mm2.
The area of cross – section of ring beam is given by :

189712
=1.2
A +12× 1257
STEP 5.
From which A = 143014 mm2. Provide ring beam of 360 mm depth and 400 mm
width. Tie the 20 mm ∅ rings by 6 mm dia. Nominal stirrups @ 200 mm c/c.
33
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Design of cylindrical wall : In the membrane occurs at the base of the wall, its magnitude
being given by
D 14
P = w h. = 9800× 5× =343000 N/m height
2 2
Area of steel, Ash = 343000/150 = 2286 mm2 per metre height.
Providing rings on both the faces, Ash on each face = 1143 mm2
1000× 113
Spacing of 12 mm ∅ rings = = 9809 mm. provide 12 mm ∅ rings @ 95 mm c/c at
1143
bottom. This spacing cam be increased at the top.
1000× 113
Actual Ash provided = = 1190 mm2 on each face .
95
343000
Permitting 1.2 N/mm2 stress on composite section, = 1.2.
1000t +12× 1190×2
From which t = 257.3 mm. Minimum thickness = 3H +5 =(3×5) + 5 = 20 cm.
However provide t = 300 mm at bottom and taper it to 200 mm at top.
300+200 250−100
Actual t= = 250mm ; %of distribution steel = 0.3[ ¿×0.1 =0.24
2 450−100
0.24 ×250 ×1000

∴ Ash = = 650 mm 2. Area of steel on each face = 325 mm2
100
1000× 50.3
Spacing of 8 mm ∅ bars = = 155 mm. Hence provide 8 mm ∅ bars @ 150 mm
325
c/c both faces. Keep a clear cover of 25 mm. Extend the vertical bars of outer face into the
dome to take care of the continuity effects.
2
To resist the hoop tension at 2 m below top, Ash= ×2286 = 914.4 mm2
5
1000× 113
∴ Spacing of 12mm ∅ rings = =247 mm. Hence provided the ring @240 mm c/c in
914.4/ 2
the top 2 m height.
34
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
3
At 3m below the top, Ash = ×2268=1372mm2
5
1000× 113
Spacing of 12mm∅rings= =164.7 mm
1372/ 2
Hence provide rings @ 160 mm c/c in the next 1 m height. At 4 m below the top,
4
Ash = ×2286=1829 mm2
5
1000× 113
Spacing of 12 mm ∅ rings = =123.6 mm
1829/ 2
Hence provide rings @120mm c/c for the next 1 m height. In the last 1m height (4m to 5m )
provide rings 95 mm c/c , as found earlier.
5. Design of ring beam B3
This ring beam connects the tank wall with conical dome. The vertical load at the junction of
the wall with conical dome is transferred to ring them B 3 by meridional thrust in the conical
dome. The horizontal component of the thrust causes hoop tension at the junction. The ring
beam is provided to take up this hoop tension. The load W transmitted through tank wall, at the
top of conical dome consists of the following:
i. Load of top dome=T1sin ∅1=30938×0.4824 = 14924 N/m.

ii. Load due to the ring beam B1 = 0.36×(0.4−0.2)×25000=1800 N/m.
0.2+0.3
iii. Load due to tank wall = 5( 2 )
×1×25000 =31250 N/m.
iv. Self load of beam B3 (1 m × 0.6 m, say) = (1−0.3)×0.6×25000 = 10500 N/m.

∴ Total W =58474 N/m.
Inclination of conical dome wall with vertical =∅0 = 45°
1
∴ sin ∅0 = cos ∅0 = 0.7071 = ; tan ∅0 = 1 ∴ Pw = W tan ∅0 = 58474×1 = N/m
√2
Pw = whd3 = 9800×5×0.6 = 29400 N/m.
Hence hoop tension in the ring beam is given by
D 14
P3 = (Pw + Pw) ( 58474+29400 ) =615118 N
2 2
35
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
This to be resisted entirely by steel hoops, the area of which is
Ash = 615118/150 =4100 mm2 . No. of 30 mm ∅ bars = 4100/706.9=5.8.
Hence provide 6 rings of 30 mm ∅bars . actual Ash=4241.4
615118
Stress in equivalent section = =0.95N/mm2<1.2 Hence
( 1000× 600 ) +12× 4241.4
Safe .The 8 mm ∅ distribution bars (vertical bars) provided in the wall @150 mm c/c should be
taken round the rings to act as stirrups.
6. Design of conical dome
(a) Meridional thrust : The weight of water (fig.22.18 and 22.33) is given by eqn: 22.56 :
π
Ww = (142−102) × 5 × 9800
4
π × 2× 9800
+ {( ) × [142+102+14×10]}
12
π
− × 102 × 2 × 9800 =4392368 N.
4
Let the thickness of conical slab be 400 mm. W2
∴ Total self weightWs is given by Eq. 22.59.
Ws = 25000 π ( 14+10
2 )
× 2 √ 2 ×0.4=1066131N
Weight W at B3 = 58474 N/m
Hence vertical load W2 per metre run is given by Eq. 22.60
(π ×14 ×58474 )+ 4392368+1066131

W2 = = 255613 N/m
π × 10
Meridional thrust T0 in the conical dome is T0 = W2/cos∅0 =255613√2 =361437 N/m
36
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
361437
∴ Meridional stress = = 0.90 N/mm2 (safe)
1000× 400
(b) Hoop tension : Diameter of conical dome at any height
h’ above base is D’ = 10 + ( 14−10

2 )
’
h = 10 + 2 h ’
Intensity of water pressure p =(5+2-h’)×9800 =(7- h’) 9800 N/m2
Self weight q = 0.4×1×1×25000 = 10000 N/mm2
Hence hoop tension P0’ is given by Eq. 22.62
D' 10+2 h
P0’ = (p/cos∅0 + q tan ∅0)
2
= {(7-h’) 9800 √2 + (10000 × 1)} {2 }
=[13859(7-h’) + 10000] (5 + h’) =(535075 + 37720 h’ – 13859 h’2)
The values of P0’ at h’ = 0, h’ = 1 and h’ = 2 are tabulated below:
h’ hoop tension 2
535075 N
1
558936 N
2
555079 N
3
Formaxima, d P0’/d h’ = 0 = 37720 – 2 × 13859 h’. From which h’ = 1.361 m
∴ Max. P0’ = 535075 + 37720 (1.361) – 13859 (1.361)2 = 560739 N
(c) Design of walls. Meridional stress = 0.9 N/mm2. (safe). Max hoop stress = 560739,
whole of which to be resisted by steel. As = 560739/150 = 3738 mm2
1000× 200
∴ Area of each face = 1869 mm2. Spacing of 16 mm ∅ bars = =107.5 mm
1869
Hence provide 16 mm ∅ hoops @ 100 mm c/c on each face.
1000× 201
Actual As = =2010mm2.
100
37
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
560739
Max. tensile stress in composite section = =1.385 N/mm2.
( 400 ×1000 ) +(12× 2010× 2)
This is more than the permissible value of 1.2 N/mm 2. Hence increase the thickness to 420
mm. This will reduce the tensile stress to 1.198 N/mm 2. In the meridional direction, provide
420−100
reinforcement @ 0.3−{ ( 420−100 ) }
0.1 %=0 .21 %
∴Asd= 0.21×4200 =882 mm2. or 441 mm2 on each other face.
1000× 78.5
Spacing of 10 mm ∅ bars = =178 mm . Hence provide 10mm bars ∅ @ 175 mm c/c
441
on each face. Provide a clear cover of 25 mm.
7. Design of bottom dome. R2 = 8.61 m ; sin ∅2 = 0.5807 ; cos ∅2 =0.8141
Weight of water W0 on the dome is given by Eq. 22.63
π π ×1.6 × 1.6
W0 = [ 4
( 100 ) ×7−
3 ]
× ( 3× 8.61−1.6 ) × 9800 N=4751259 N
Let the thickness of bottom dome be 250 mm.
Self weight = 2 π R2 h2 t2 × 25000 = 2 π × 8.61 × 1.6 × 0.25 × 25000 = 540982 N
Total weight WT = 4751259+540982 = 5292241 N
5292241
Meridional thrust = T2 = =290093 N /m
π ×10 × 0.5807
38
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
290093
∴ Meridional stress = =1.16N/mm2 (safe)
250× 1000
5292241
Intensity of load per unit area = p2 = =61142 N/m2
π × 8.61× 1.6
∴ max hoop stress at centre of dome
p 2 R 2 61142 ×8.61
= = = 1052860 N/m2 = 1.05 N/mm2 (safe)
2t2 2 ×0.25
Area of minimum steel = 0.3 – ( 250−100

450−100 )
0.1= 0.26%
As = 0.26 × 2500 =650mm2 in each direction
100× 78.5
Spacing of 10 mm ∅ bars = = 121 mm
650
Hence provide 10mm ∅ bars @ 120 mm c/c in both the direction. Also, provide 16 mm ∅
meridional bars @ 100 mm c/c near water face, for 1 m length, to take care of the continuity
effect. The thickness of the dome may be increased from 250 mm to 280 mm gradually in 1 m
length.
8. Design of bottom circular beam B2
Inward thrust from conical dome = T0 sin ∅0 = 361437×1/√2 = 255613 N/m
Outward thrust from bottom dome = T2 Cos ∅2 = 290093×0.8141 = 236165 N/m
39
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
∴ Net inward thrust = 255613 – 236165 = 19448 N/m
Hoop compression in beam = 19448× 5 = 97240 N
Assuming the size of the beam to be 600 mm × 1200 mm
97240
Hoop stress = = 0.135 N/mm2. This is extremely small vertical
600× 1200
load on beam, per metre run = T0 cos∅0 + T2 sin∅2 = 361437 ×1/√2 + 290093×0.5807 = 424070
N/m
5292241
[Alternatively, vertical load = W2 + WT/π D0 = 255613 + =424070 N/m]
π ×10
Self weight = 0.6×1.20×1×25000 =18000N/m
∴ The load on beam = w =424070 +18000 = 442070 N/m.
Let us support the beam on 8 equally spaced columns at a mean diametre of 10 m.
Mean radius of curved beam is R = 5 m.
2θ = 45° = π/4 ; 22.5° = π/8 radians ; C1 = 0.066 ; C2 = 0.030 ; C3 =0.005 ; ∅ m = 9.5°
π
W R2 (2θ) = 442070 (5)2 = 8680024 N-m
4
Maximum –ve B. M. at support = M0. C1. wR2. 2θ = 0.066 × 8680024 = 572882 N-m
Maximum +ve B. M. at support = Mc = C2 . wR2 . 2θ = 0.030 × 8680024 = 260401 N-m
40
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Maximum torsional moment = Mm’ = C3 . w R2 . 2θ = 0.005 × 8680024 = 43400 N-m
For M-20 concrete (σ cbc = 7 N/mm2) and HYSD bars (σst = 150 N/mm2) we have k =
0.378 ; J = 0.874 and R = 1.156
∴ Required effective depth = √572882000/600×1.156 = 909 mm
However ,keep total depth = 1200 mm from shear point of view. Let d = 1140 mm.
Max. shear force at supports, F0 = w R θ =442070 × 5 ( π8 )=868002 N

S. F. at any point is given by F = w R (θ- ∅)
At ∅ = ∅m , F = 442070 × 5(22.5°−9.5°)π/180 =501512 N
B. M. at the point of maximum torsional moment (∅=∅m , =9.5°) is given by Eq. 20.5.
M∅=w R2(θ sin∅+θ cot θ cos∅−1) (sagging)
π π
=442070(5)2 [ 8
sin 9.5 ° + cot 22.5 ° cos 9.5° −1
8 ]
= − 1421 N-m (sagging)=1421 N-m (hogging)
The torsional moment at any point is given by Eq. 20.6
M∅t=wR2[ θcos ∅−θ cot θ sin ∅−(θ−∅) ]
At the supports , ∅=0; M∅t=wR2[θ−θ.
41
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
π cos ∅
8 [
At mid- span ,∅=θ=22.5°= rad .M∅t =wR2 θ cos θ−θ
sin ∅ ]
sin ∅ = zero.
Hence we have the following combination of B.M. and torsional moment :
(a) At the supports ,
M0=572882 N-m (hogging or negative) ;M∅t =zero
(b) At the mid-span : Mc=260401 N-m (sagging or positive) ; M∅t =zero.
(c) At the point of max. torsion (∅=∅m=9.5°)
M∅ =1421 N-m (hogging or negative) ;Mmt = 43400 N-m.
Main and Longtudional Reinforcement
(a) Section at point of maximum torsion
T = Mmaxt = 43400 N-m ; M∅ =M = 1421 ; Me1 = M+MT
1+ D/b 1+1.2/0.6
Where MT = T [ 1.7 ]= 43400 [ 1.7 ]
= 76588 N-m
78009× 1000
∴ Me1 = 1421+76588 =78009 N-m or Ast1= Me1/σst j d = =513 mm2
150× 0.874 ×1160
No. of 25 mm ∅ bars =513/491= 1.05. Let us provide a minimum of 2 bars.
MT>M, Me2 = MT – M = 76588 – 1421 = 75167 N-m
42
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
75167× 1000
Ast2 = =494.3 mm2
150× 0.874 ×1166
∴ No. of 25 mm ∅ bars ≈ 1. However, provide a minimum of 2 bars. Thus, at the point of
maximum torsion, provide 2-25 mm ∅ bars each at top and bottom .
(b) Section at max. hogging B.M. (support)
M0 = 572882 N-m = Mmax ; M0t = 0
572882× 1000
Ast = =3767 mm2
150× 0.874 ×1160
∴ No. of 25 mm ɸ bars =3767/491 = 7.7 ≈8 Hence provide 6 Nos . of 25 mm ɸ bars in one
layer and 2 bars in the second layer . These will be provided at the top of the section, near
supports.
(C) Section at ma. Sagging B.M. ( mid –span)
Mc = 260401 N – m ;Mct = 0
∴ For positive B.M., steel will be to the other face, where stress in steel (σst) can be taken as
190 N/mm2. The constants for M -20 concrete having c = 7 N/mm 2 and m =13 will be k =
260401 ×100
0.324 ; j =0.892 and R = 1.011 ; Ast = =1325 mm2
190× 0.892× 1160
No. of 25 mm ∅ bars =1325/490.0 =2.7
43
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Hence the scheme of reinforcement will be as follows: At the support, provide 6 – 25 mm ∅
bars in the second layer . Continue these upto the section the section of maximum torsion of
maximum torsion ( i. e.∅m = 9.5° = 0.166 rad.) at a distance = R∅m =5×0.166 =0.83 m or
equal to Ld = 52 ∅= 1300 mm from supports.
At this point, discontinue four bars while continue the remaining four bars. Similary.provide 4
bars of 25 mm ∅ at the bottom, throughout the length. These bars will take care of both the
max. positive B.M. as well as maximum torsional moment.
Transverse Reinforcement
(a) At point of max. torsional moment : At the point of max. torsion. V= 501512 N V e = v
= 1.6 T/b where T= Mmt = 43400 N-m; b = 600 mm =0.6.
∴ Ve = 501512 =1.6 × 43400/0.6 =617245 N
Ve 617245
∴ τve = = =0.887 N/mm2
b d 600× 1160
This is less than τc max. = 1.8 N/mm2 for m – 20 concrete hence O. K.
100 As 100(4 ×491)

= = 0.282. τc = 0.23 N/mm2
bd 600 ×1160
Since τve>τc , shear reinforcement is necessary . The area of cross – section A sv of the
stirrups is given by
44
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
T . Sv v . Sv
Asv = +
b ₁ d ₁. σsv 2.5 d ₁ σsv
Where b1 = 600 – (40×2) -25 = 495 mm ; d1 = 1200 – (40×2) -25 = 1095 mm
Asv 43400 ×1000 501512

∴ = + = 1.755
sv 495 ×1095 ×150 2.5× 1095× 150
Asv
Minimum transverse reinforcement is governed by ≥( τve−τc/σsv ) b
Sv
Asv 0.887−0.23 Asv

∴ = × 600 = 2.628. Hence depth =2.628
Sv 150 Sv
Using 12 mm ∅ 4 lgd stirrups, Asv = 4× 113 =452 mm2 or Sv = 452/2.628 =172 mm
X 1+ Y 1
However, the spacing should not exceed the least of X 1 , and 300 mm, where
4
X1 = short dimension of stirrup = 495+25+12=532 mm
Y1 =long dimension of stirrup = 1095 +25+ 12 = 1032 mm
X 1+ Y 1 532+1032
= = 391 mm
4 4
Hence provide 12 mm ∅ 4 lgd stirrups @ 170 mm c/c
(b) At the point of max. shear ( supports).
868002
At support, F0 = 868002 N ;τv = = 1.25 N/mm2
600× 1160
45
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
100 As 100(8 × 491)

At supports, = = 0.564
bd 600× 1160
Τc ≈ 0.31 N/mm2 .Hence shear reinforcement is necessary.
Vc = 0.31×600×1160= 215760 ∴ Vs = F0 – Vc =868002 -215760 =652242 N
The spacing of 10 mm ∅ 4 lgd stirrups having Asv = 314 mm2 is given by
150× 314 ×1160

Sv = σsv.Asv.d/Vs = =83.8 mm
652242
This is small. Hence use 12mm ∅ 4 lgdstirrups , having :
150× 452.39 ×1160

Asv =4×π/4×122 = 452.39 mm2 at spacing Sv= ≈ 120 mm
652242
(C) At mid span : At the mid span , S.F. is zero. Hence provide minimum/nominal shear
Asv 0.4
reinforcement, given by ≥
b . Sv fy
Asv 0.4 b Asv .4 ×600

Or = For HYSD bars , fy = 415 N /m2 ∴ = = 0.578
Sv fy Sv 415
314
Choosing 10 mm ∅ 4 lgdstirrups ,Asv = 314 mm2 . sv = =543 mm
0.578
Max. permissible spacing = 0.75d = 0.75 ×1160 =870 or 300 mm, whichever is less.
Hence provide 10 mm ∅ 4 lgdstirrups, @ 300 mm c/c.
46
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Side Face Reinforcement :Since the depth is more than 450 mm , provide side face
reinforcement @ 0.1%.
0.1
At = (600 × 1200) = 720 mm 2
100
Provide 3- 16 mm ∅ bars on each face, having total At= 6 ×201 = 1206 mm2.
9. Design of column :The tank is supported on 8 columns, symmetrically placed on a circle of
10 m mean diameter. Height of staging above ground level is 16 m. Let us divide this height
into four panels, each of 4 m height. Let the column be connected to raft foundation by means
of rings beam, the top of which is provided at 1 m below the ground level, so that the actual
height of bottom panel is 5 m.
(a) Vertical loads on columns
1. Weight of water = Ww + W0 = 4392368+4751259 = 9143627 N
2. Weight of tank :
(i) Weight of top dome + cylindrical wall etc. =W =58474×π×14 =2571821N
(ii) Weight of conical dome = Ws=1066131 N
(iii) Weight of bottom dome =540982 N
(iv) Weight of bottom ring beam =18000×π×10 =565487 N
∴ Total weight of tank = 4744421 N

47
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Total superimposed load = 9143627+4744421 = 13888048 N
(Check : Total = load on bottom beam per meter × π×10 = 442070 ×π×10 =13888048
∴ Load per column = 13888048/8 ≈ 1736000 N. Let the column be of 700 mm diameter.
π
Weight of column per meter height = (0.7)2×1×25000 = 9620 N
4
Let the brace be of 300 mm ×600 mm size.
sin 2 π /n
=¿ sin π / 4
Length of each brace = L=R π 5× =3083 m
cos cos π /8
n
π ×10
(Alternatively, L= =3.93 m)
8
Clear length of each brace =3.83−0.7 =3.13 m.
∴ Weight of each brace = 0.3×0.6×3.13×25000 = 14085 N
Hence total weight of column just above each brace is tabulated below :
Brace GH:
W = 1736000 + 4 ×9620 = 1774480 N
Brace EF:
W = 1736000 + 8 × 9620 + 14085 = 1827045 N
48
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Brace CD:
W = 1736000 + 12× 9620+2× 14085=1879610 N
Bottom of column:
W = 1736000 + 17 × 9620 + 3 × 14085 = 1941795 N
(c) Wind loads: intensity of wind load = 1500 N/m 2. Let us take a shape factor of 0.7
for section circular in plan. Wind load on tanks, domes and ring beam
2
=[(5 × 14.4) + (14.2 × ×1.9) + (2× 12.8) + (10.6 × 1.2)] ×1500 × 0.7
3
=134720N
This may be assumed to act at about 5.7 m above the bottom of ring beam. Wind
load on each panel of 4 m height of columns = (4× 0.7× 8) 1500 × 0.7 + (0.6 × 10.6
×)1500 = 23520 + 9540 = 33060 N
Wind load at the top end of top panel = ½ ×23520 = 11760 N. Wind load are shown
marked in the figure . The point of contraflexure O 1, O2 , O3 and O4 are assumed to be
at the mid- height of each panel. The shear forces Q w and moments Mw due to wind at
these planes are given below :
Level Qw(N) Mw (N-m)
O4 146480 134720 ×7.7 + 11760× =1060860
O3 179540 134720 × 11.7 + 11760 ×6 + 33060 × = 1712900
49
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
O2 212600 134720 × 15.7 + 11760 × +33060(6+2) =
2497180
O1 245660 134720 × 20.2 + 11760 × 14.5 +33060(10.5
+6.5+2.5)=3418930
4 Mw 4 Mw
The axial thrust vmax = = = 0.05 Mw in the farthest leeward column , the
π Dₒ 8 ×10
shear force Smax = 2 Qw/n = 0.25 QW in the column on the bending axis at each of the above
levels and the bending moment M = Smax× h/2 in the columns are tabulated below .
Level Vmax Smax (N) M (N-m)

O4 530440 36620 73240
O3 85650 44890 89780
O2 124860 53150 106300
O1 170950 61420 153350
The farthest leeward column will be subjected to the superimposed axial load plus V max given
above. The column on the bending axis, on the other hand, will be subjected to super –
imposed axial load plus a bending moment M given above. These critical combinations for
various paneis of these columns below :
Panel Farthest Leeward column Column on bending axis

Axial load (N) Vmax (N) Axial load (N) M (N- m)
Q4 Q4’ 1774480 530440 1774480 73240
Q3 Q 3’ 1827045 85650 1827045 89780
Q2 Q2’ 1879610 124860 1879610 106300
Q1 Q1‘ 1941795 170950 1941795 153550
50
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
According to I. S. code when effect of wind load is to be considered, the permissible stresses
in the materials may be increased by 33 1/3 %. For the farthest leeward column the axial thurst
Vmax due to wild load is less than even 10% of the super – imposed axial load . Hence the
effect of wind is not critical for the farthest leeward column. However column situated on the
bending axis need to be considered to see the effect of maximum B.M. of 1535550 N-m due to
wind , along with the super imposed axial load of 1941795 N at the lowest panel. Use M20
concrete , for which and σcbc = 7 N/mm2 and σcc = 5 N/mm2. For steel, σst =230 N/mm2. All the
1
three can be increased by 33 % when taking into account wind action.
3
Diameter of column = 700 mm. Use 12 bars of 30 mm dia . at an effective cover of 40 mm.
π
Asc = (30)2× 12 = 8482 mm2
4
π
Equivalent area of column = ×(700)2 + (13-1) 8482 = 486629 mm2
4
π 4
Equivalent area of inertia = d + (n-1) Ascd’2/8, where
64
d = 700 mm ; d’ = 700 -2 × 40 = 620 mm
π
Ic = (700)4 + (13-1) 8482×(620)2/8 = 1.66766 ×1010 mm4
64
51
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
∴ Direct stress in column = σcc’ = 1941795/486629 = 3.99 N/mm2
Bending stress in column = σcbc’ = 153550×1000×350/1.6676×1010 = 3.22 N/mm2
For the safety of the column , we have the condition, σ cc’/σcc + σcbc’/σcbc ≥ 1
3.99 3.22
∴ + >1or 0.60 + 0.35 < 1 or 0.95 < 1 Hence safe .
1.33× 5 1.33 ×7
Use 10 mm ∅ wires rings of 250 mm c/c to tie up the main reinforcement. Since the
column are of 700 mm diameter, increase the width of curved beam B 2 from 600 mm to
700 mm.
52
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
53
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
ESTIMATE FOR COLUMN

R .C. C. work 1:2:4 in column above G. L excluding steel and its bending but including
centring and shuttering and bending steel.
Circular portion below plinth level.
= 2πr × h1 (Given dia of column = 700mm, h1 = 60 cm , h = 16 m)
= 2×3.14×35×60
= 12811.2 cu cm or 128 cu m say
Circular portion about plinth level
= 2πr × h2 ∵ h2 = (16-0.60) m = 15.40 m
= 2×3.14×3.5×15.4
= 338.49 cu m
Total area of level
= 466.49 cu m say 466.5 cu m
Total strength of R.C.C. column
π
P = no. of column × × d2 × length of column
4
= [8 × π/4 × (700)2 × 16]
54
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
= 49260172.81 N/m
= 4926.01 kN-m
P = 4926.01 kN- m
Total area of circular column
For one column = 2πr × h
= 2 × 3.14 ×.35 × 16
= 35168 m2
For eight column total area = 8 × Area of one column
= 8 × 35168
= 281344 m2
2. Steel reinforcing in bars including bending ---
30 mm dia bars @ 5.576 kg. Steel in column
L = Length of column + Bending length above + bottom bending length; (cover + hook)
= 16+0.60+0.10+0.10
= 16.8 m
W1 = 12 nos × 16.8 ×5.576
= 1124.12 kg.
10 mm dia bars @ 0.62kg in lateral ties
Lateral ties { 16/0.15+1 = 107.66 say 108 nos}
L = (π × 0.25)= 0.78 m (∵ 10 mm ∅ @ 250 mm c/c)
W2 = 108 × 0.78 ×0.62
= 52.23 kg.
Total weight of steel W = W1 + W2

55
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
= 1124.12+ 52.23 kg
= 1176.35 kg.
= 11.76 q
Description of items Quantity Rate Amount

cum Rs. Rs.
1. R .C.C work 1:2:4 in column 466.5 cum 590/cum 275235

above G. L. excluding steel
and its bending but including
centring and shuttering and
bending steel
2. Steel reinforcing bars

including bending 11.76 q 515.00/ Q 6054.40
Total 281291.4
Add 5 % contingencies and work charged establishment 14064.57
Grand total Rs. 295355.97 say Rs.

295356/-
56
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
57
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
ABSTARACT OF COST
Note ⇒Centring& shuttering
Centring& shuttering if required may be estimated separately as follows ∹
A. Circular portion above G.L up to plinth……

= 6 Nos × area of circular portion
= 6 ×πr2
= 6 × 3.14 × (350)2
=2309070.6 mm or 2309.07 m or 2309 mm2
B. Circular portion above plinth ……

= π × dia × length of column
= 3.14 × .70 × 15.4 [ 16 - 0.60 =15.4]
Total area = 2309 + 33.84 = 2342.84 m2
Abstract of cost @ Rs. 350/-
= 2342.84 × 350 = Rs. 819997.22 /-
ESIMATE FOR SPHERAICAL DOME

1. R.C.C M – 20 (1:1.5:3), excluding steel but including cutting, binding and concreting
of bars all operations
I. Ring Beam( 600 × 700) ⇒
Circumference = 2πr
= 2π × 7
= 46.23m
1× 46.23 × .60 × .6 =16.64

58
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Dome slab 100mm thickness = 1 × 2 π × 72 ×.10 =3123.27
Total = 328.91m3
II. Supply of Fe – 415 Tor bars…

[A] RING BAEM (600 × 700)
[I] 20mm ∅ MAIN BARS LENGTH⇒
= 46.23 + 45 ɸ [over lap 45 ɸ]
= 46.23 +(45 × .02)
L1 = 47.13 m
Assume – 4 bars
[II] 8 mm ɸ tie @ 200 mc/c
Length = 2[ .55 +.55] + 3.0 + 6 ɸ
= 2.2 + 3.0 +48
= 5.2 +48
= 53.2 say that 53
No of bars = 46.23 = 231.15 say
No of bars = 231
{b} Dome R = 7 ɸ [enternal]
[i] meridional bars

8 mm ∅ @ 200 mm cc
Length l3 =2.2
ESTIMATE FOR BRACES ⇒
59
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Assuming size of braces (300mm × 600mm)
R.C.C work for one braces⇒

= Area of braces × length of braces
= .30 × 0.60 ×10
=1.8 cum
Because according to used 7 braces in 3 layers
No. of total braces = 21 nos.
So total R.C.C work = 21 × 1.08 =37.8cum
60
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
61
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
Suggestion&Conclusion-
1. Design of R.C.C. Over Head Tank should be economical.
2. Design of R.C.C. Over Head Tankshould be earthquake
resistant.
3. This type of Over Head Tank can be provided for the
location in government polytechnic soron.
4. The construction work should be done according to the
specification.
62
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
63
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
REFERENCE:
The following information are taken from –
1. Building construction book by Dr. B.C. Punmia.
2. Reinforced cement concrete book by D.V. Gupta –
Vikram Singh.
3. Estimating and costing book by B.N.Dutta.
4. Public health engineering book written by J.L.Sharma.
5. www.wikipedia.com
64
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
DRAWING OF R.C.C. OVER HEAD TANK

65
MANKEDA,
AGRA
SESSION 2019-20
66

Water Tank Group Project File

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Water Tank Group Project File

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC

CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT REPORT

DESIGN OF R.C.C. OVER HEAD TANK

SUBMITTED ON PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF

DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

AJAY KUMAR SHARMA,ANUPAM SINGH,BHAGWATI NANDAN,

GAJENDRA PAL SINGH,SACHIN KUMAR,VISHAL VERMA

UNDER THE TECHNICAL GUIDANCE OF

MRS. KHUSHBOO VERMA MR. ASEEM KUMAR

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC MANKEDA,AGRA

This project includes all instructions laid down by BOARD

I profoundly thankMRS. KHUSHBOO VERMA, Head of the Department of CIVIL Engineering

DESIGN OF R.C.C. OVER HEAD TANK

OVER HEAD TANK

1. Tanks resting on ground.

Form the shape point of views:-

As a chemical compound, a water molecule contains one oxygen

Supply of water⇒water supply is the provision of water by public utilites, commercial,

1. UNDER GROUND WATER.

Per capita demand = Total consumption of under in liters /population×365

It is expressed as litres per capita per day.

1. Domestic use 135 liter/capita/day

TOTAL 270 litre/capita/day

WATER DEMAIND FLUCTUATION⇒ The per capita consumption (demand) of water is

1. SEASONAL FLUCTUATION⇒ Seasonal or monthly fluctuations are prominent in

MASS CURVE GRAPH⇒Amass diagram is the plot of accumulated in flow (i. e.

such diagram is as follows.MASS

MASS CURVE GRAPH

Types of over head tank⇒

In general water tank

I. Tank resting on ground.

Mains types of underground tank

Though reinforcement is provided, both for moment as well as direct tension ,

III. Circular and intze tank

Maximum, resulting in the maximum increase in diameter there, and maximum

No movement is possible, and a fixing moment will be induced in B.

In that case ACB will be the deflected position.

V=π/4 D²h +πh/12(D²+ Dₒ² +DDₒ)- πh₂²/3(3R₂-h₁)

The design of such a tank is dome in two stages:-

A spherical dome may be imagined to consist of a number of horizontal ringsplaced one

Shows the vertical section of a spherical dome.

 STRESSES DUE TO WIND LOAD⇒

The analysis in dome due to wind load is

 PROVISION PF RING BEAM⇒

If the dome is not hemispherical, the meridian thrust

 PLACEMENT OF MAIN REINFORCEMENT IN DOME⇒

No separate reinforcement along latitude is provided in this area at the crown.

PROVISION OF OPENINGS ⇒Openings may be provided in dome as required

 DESIGN REQUIREMENT OF CONCRETE (I. S. I)⇒

(ii) The boundary conditions.

 MOVEMENT JOINTS.⇒There are three types of movement joints.

CONTRACTION JOINTS ⇒This type of joint is provided for convenience in construction.

SLIDING JOINT ⇒It is a joint with complete discontinuity in both reinforcement

A gap is sometimes left temporarily between the concrete of adjoining parts of a

OVERHEAD WATER TANKS AND TOWER ⇒ Overhead water tanks of

Component of a water tower consists of-

I. Tank portion with-

Types of water tanks may be-

I. Spuare- open or with cover at top.

Dimensions of the tank.

Let the diameter of cylindrical portion = D =14 m; R=7m.

Sin ɸ₂ = 5/ 8.61 =0.5807 ; Cos ɸ₂ = .8141 ; Tan ɸ₂ =0.7133

Cot ɸ₂1.4019. Let h be the height of cylindrical portion.