Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Assessment:
1. What are the basic problems that are apparent today based on the novel Noli Me
Tangere? (10 pts)
The conflicts in the novel exist until today's generation that it affects our society and
the country that needs to learn and read Noli Me Tangere. The conflicts that were dominant in
the novel like corruption, injustice, poverty, and abuse remain the same problem up to this day.
2. Based on the summary of Noli Me Tangere, what is your impression of the Novel? (10
pts.)
Answer:
Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere was all about the description of the Spanish colonization
here in the Philippines and how the Spanish treated Filipinos badly. It followed the story
of Crisostomo Ibarra who came from Europe to study and returned in the Philippines
after his seven years of journey. He reunited with his acquaintances including his
nemesis, Padre Damaso at Kapitan Tiago’s house. He also visited his love, Maria Clara
whom he missed for so long. He was shocked to learn about his father’s death.
Lieutenant Guevarra, his father’s friend, told the story behind his father’s death. He was
told that Padre Damaso ordered the gravediggers to transfer Rafael Ibarra’s body to the
Chinese Cemetery. Although the gravediggers did not follow Padre Damaso’s order, they
threw the body into the river. This made Crisostomo Ibarra angry that made him start a
revolution against Padre Damaso and the Spanish government.
This novel has a lot of symbolism and real-life events that opened the eyes of
the Filipino people during the Spanish colonization to start the revolution and overthrow
the Spanish colonizers. Every character in Noli Me Tangere has a role that depicts
different roles in Philippine society to fight for the freedom of the country. Jose Rizal
represented his persona as Crisostomo Ibarra who was a rich character yet he was
rebellious who fought for the freedom of the Spaniards while Elias who was poor and
oppressed by the Spaniards but he sacrificed his life so that Crisostomo can escape
because he believed that Crisostomo has a better chance to fight against the Spaniards.
Elias’ sacrifice paved the way to Crisostomo Ibarra’s revenge against the Spaniards in the
sequel of the novel “El Filibusterismo”.
Other characters that significantly represent Filipinos were like Doña Victorina
was a social climber who did not want to be known as an Indio. All Filipinos were called
Indios during the time of the Spaniards which means that Filipinos were foolish, not
smart, and poor. There are characters that have the symbolic meaning of the novel like
Sisa was a mother of Crispin and Basilio who took care of her children and became an
outcast when her sons were missing. Sisa represents the Inang Bayan or Motherland
who became an outcast because of the ill-treatment of the Spaniards to the Filipinos
while Maria Clara represented the Filipino women who were oppressed and abused by
the Spaniards.
The novel depicted real-life events during the Spanish colonization in the Philippines like
the Friars’ command decisions were more powerful than the Governor-General’s
decisions, social issues, injustice, and the Philippines as a backward country. The
conflicts in the novel exist until today’s generation that it affects our society and the
country that needs to learn and read Noli Me Tangere. The conflicts that were dominant
in the novel like corruption, injustice, poverty, and abuse remain the same problem up
to this day.
Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere tells us that we should reflect on our actions and beliefs for
our country. The theme of the novel is to promote nationalism and to accept change in
ourselves is still applies to us today. We must patronize our country by respecting the
law, promoting Philippine culture, and realizing the true goal of the country by helping
each other towards the improvement of the country. It teaches us the values of wisdom,
fighting what is right, and loving our country. This novel is being taught in school in
order to not repeat the history itself by learning how to love our country and to
empower the youth as the catalyst of change for our country. Being a true Filipino is
what Jose Rizal wants us to be, to know who we are and what is our true goals will make
the country flourished.
Noli Me Tangere is a novel that was an advisory for the Filipinos to fight
against the colonizers and today’s reminder of our history. The characters and the
events in the story resemble our life, culture, and beliefs of Filipino people. This literary
piece will mark in our hearts the values that the novel tells us to be a good role model
that will benefit our country. Reading this literary piece will make us realize the true
meaning of nationalism and be a catalyst for change.
Prepared by:
Assessment:
1. Describe the historical context in which El Filibusterismo was written? (10 pts.)
Answer:
El Filibusterismo was written about four years after Noli. In it Rizal reveals a
more mature and less hopeful outlook regarding the political and social situation in the
Philippines. The frustrations he had experienced in his efforts toward social reform in
those years account for the book's graver tone. Rizal himself considered Fili to be a
better, more profound novel than Noli. His biographer Retana agrees that as a political
novel, it is superior. Upon completing El Filibusterismo Rizal wrote to Blumentritt: "I
have not written in it any idea of vengeance against my enemies, but only for the good
of those who suffer, for the rights of Tagalogs...." Given the reaction to his first book,
Rizal tried to avoid allowing the second one to fall into the hands of the Spaniards. He
had after all written El Filibusterismo not for the Spaniards but for the Filipino people to
read. After distributing copies of the first edition to his friends in Europe, Rizal
designated most of the remainder to be sent to the Philippines. The books were first
sent to his residence in Hong Kong, to be smuggled to the Philippines by friends. Upon
shipment to the Philippines the copies were immediately seized by the authorities,
making El Filibusterismo a rare book overnight. The few copies that were circulated
were greatly in demand among the Filipinos. The content of the novel and its dedication
were used as proof of Rizal's subversion when he was tried. Against Rizal's intentions,
along with Noli Me Tangere the book inspired Andres Bonifacio and other
revolutionaries in their cause.
In Noli, there is aspiration, beauty, romance, and mercy. In Fili, all the reader will feel is
bitterness, hatred, and antipathy. The romance and aspirations are gone. Even the
characters' personalities seem to have undergone radical change. This is how different
Rizal's second novel is. Considering that both were written by the same author, the plots
are poles apart.
Outright scorn and bitterness may already be felt at the beginning of the story, where
Simoun promotes abuse and tyranny in the Spanish government, in the hope that the
people will reach the limits of their endurance and declare a revolution.
Simoun, who is actually Noli's Ibarra in disguise, conveys an entirely different personality
in Fili. While Ibarra is trusting, aspiring, and loving, Simoun is now cunningly careful in
his dealings, distrusting, and extremely bitter. Something changed in Rizal; and this is
reflected in the personalities he gave his El Filibusterismo characters.
.
To Do: Activity
Direction: Fill in the Blanks below of the main character in Rizal’s two novels, Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
One main character found in Noli Me Tangere but not in El Filibusterismo (5 pts).
1. Crisostomo Ibarra
Two Main Characters found in both Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo (10 pts)
1. Basilio
2. Isagani
One Main Character found in El Filibusterismo but not in Noli Me Tangere (5 pts)
1. Simoun
Prepared by:
1) Who are the sources of the conflicting views on the Rizal Retraction? 10 pts.
The Jesuits he sent to Rizal's detention cell were Frs. Vicente Balaguer, Jose Vilaclara,
Estanislao March, Luis Visa, Federico Faura, and Miguel Saderra (Cavanna 1956, 11). Fr. Pi
instructed them to persuade Rizal to retract his anti-Catholic teachings as well as his affiliation
with the Masons.
One of the most intriguing of all was the issues of Jose Rizal was his alleged retraction which
was all about his reversion to the Catholic Faith and all other issues linked to it such as his
marriage to Josephine Bracken. ... Balaguer in the evening immediately preceding Rizal's
execution.
2) In your opinion, do you think that Rizal would retract his statements? 10 pts.
No, Rizal did not retract. Although there were many opinions and evidences
presented by various authors as to whether Rizal did or did not retract. Nonetheless,
until now there is no proof or any justification to end the debate. The following
assertions bring about the testimonies that Rizal did not retract before his execution.
First was the copy of the retraction paper that was allegedly signed by Rizal that was
even kept secret and was only published in newspapers. When Rizal’s family requested
for the original copy, it was said that it was lost. Could the Jesuits be this irresponsible to
not know the value of the paper? Or was it just hidden? Thirty-nine years later the
original copy was found in the archdiocesan archives. Ricardo Pascual Ph. D who was
given permission by the Archbishop Nozaleda to examine the document and later
concluded in his book, “Rizal beyond the Grave” that the documents presented was a
forgery. The common rebuttal of Argument was either Father Balaguer or Father Pi had
made errors in reproducing another copy of the original. Another evidence as to Rizal
did not retract is that when Father Balaguer came to terms that he married Jose and
Josephine, after Jose had signed the retraction paper, however, there were no marriage
certificate or public record shown that could prove Father Beleaguers statements. Why
would Rizal retract when he knows?
for a fact that even if he signs the retraction paper he would still be executed? Since the
Archbishop and Jesuits cannot do anything to mitigate his penalty because the judicial
process involved was purely a military tribunal where civilian or church interference was
uncommon and not allowed. Rizal was accused of participating in filibusterous
propaganda where the penalty as provided by the Spanish Code is death. The same of
what happened to the three priests who were garroted years earlier, even though they
were still a part of the church; they were still treated as rebellious and were also not
given a proper burial. Furthermore, way back when Rizal was still exiled in Dapitan,
Father Sanchez- Rizal’s favorite teacher from Ateneo- was sent by the Jesuits superiors
to try to convince his former student’s allegation towards the Catholic religion and
Spanish religious in the Philippines. Father Sanchez told him to retract in exchange of a
professorship, a hundred thousand pesos and an estate (Lau Bach, 1936) however Rizal
rejected the offer.
Prepared by:
Assessment:
1. To whom Rizal addresses his famous essay entitled “To the Young Women of
Malolos.” (10 pts)
Jose Rizal’s legacy to Filipino women is embodied in his famous essay entitled, “To the Young
Women of Malolos,” where he addresses all kinds of women – mothers, wives, the unmarried,
etc. and expresses everything that he wishes them to keep in mind.
2. Identify the salient points contained in the letter “To the Young Women of Malolos.”
(10 pts)
1. The rejection of the spiritual authority of the friars – not all of the priests in the country
that time embodied the true spirit of Christ and His Church. Most of them were corrupted by
worldly desires and used worldly methods to effect change and force discipline among the
people.
2. The defense of private judgment
3. Qualities Filipino mothers need to possess – as evidenced by this portion of his letter,
Rizal is greatly concerned of the welfare of the Filipino children and the homes they grow up in.
4. Duties and responsibilities of Filipino mothers to their children
5. Duties and responsibilities of a wife to her husband – Filipino women are known to be
submissive, tender, and loving. Rizal states in this portion of his letter how Filipino women
ought to be as wives, in order to preserve the identity of the race.
6. Counsel to young women on their choice of a lifetime partner.
3. What was Rizal’s ultimate desire for Women in Malolos in his letter “To the Young
Women of Malolos.” (10 pts)
In his letter, he expresses great joy and satisfaction over the battle they had fought. In
this portion of Rizal’s letter, it is obvious that his ultimate desire was for women to be
offered the same opportunities as those received by men in terms of education.
Prepared by:
Assessment:
Listed below are some important traits and virtues of Dr. Jose Rizal:
love for God
love for justice charity
Courage
love for education
love tor parents
devotion to truth
initiative
idealism
love for country
honesty
Courtesy and politeness
noble conduct
love for fellowmen
humility
thrift
self-sacrifice
love for the
Creativity
1. environment/nature
self-control
gratitude
Examine carefully Dr. Rizal’s important traits and virtues, compare that with your own traits
and virtues and decide if you would like him to be your role model. (10 pts)
Rizal as a child up to he became a man, has been always someone that had virtue and
love for his family, friends, and country. He is a role model not only for the students but to as
well to all Filipinos, we should be like and him.
Rizal as a child upto he became a man, has been always someone that had virtue and love for
his family, friends, and
country. He is a role model not only for the students but to as well to all Filipinos, we should be
like and him.
Rizal as a child upto he became a man, has been always someone that had virtue and love for
his family, friends, and
country. He is a role model not only for the students but to as well to all Filipinos, we should be
like and him.
2. Who is your personal hero? Does she or he have Rizal’s traits and virtues? (10 pts)
Prepared by:
MA. TERESA S. GEVERO, MPA, Ed.D
Assessment:
2. Compare and contrast the definition of Hero and Bayani. (10 pts)
A hero and heroism may be equivalent terms but they don’t have the same meaning. A
hero or "bayani” in Tagalog is somebody that saves lives. The essential trait of a hero is bravery.
Another definition of a hero is someone who has distinguished courage and ability, someone
who does good deeds for the greater good of others and mostly works alone. A hero was
characterized to be posthumously recognized. In line with this, "bayanihan"can be considered
as a form of active heroism (kabayanihan) of an individual or a group of people by helping
others without expecting anything in return. The simple acts of serving people are acts of
"kabayanihan" and that makes a person "bayani" at present.
Jose Rizal became the Philippine national hero because he fought for freedom ina silent but
powerful way. He expressed his love for the Philippines through his novels, essays, and articles
rather than through the use of force or aggression. He was brave enough to write and express
his thoughts against the abusive Spanish Colonials that enlightened the minds of the Filipino
people, resulting in the Philippine Revolution and later acquiring our independence and
freedom. The Noli Me Tangere and ElFilibusterismo are his novels that inspired and awakened
the sleeping nationalism of the Filipino people.
Prepared by:
MA. TERESA S. GEVERO, MPA, Ed.D
Have you ever thought what does the word “freedom” mean? I think it is quite an
abstract thing which is different for each individual. For example, for me, freedom means doing
something that I want if it doesn’t harm other people. However, it cannot be described in
simple words, because the word itself contains numerous deeper meanings. It depends on the
individual understanding of freedom, and each of us understands it in different ways.
Someone thinks that the freedom is connected with the right to say anything the person
wants without a fear of being punished or restricted of doing so. Others think that freedom is
connected in walking anywhere they want. Some people think that freedom is your right to
choose the government. But no one can say, what the freedom itself is. Freedom is something
beyond stereotypes and templates and real personal freedom is a strong opportunity to
express yourself in any possible way. Tattoos, piercing, hair style or clothes, we are free to wear
or do anything with our body, and this is our freedom of expression. People why are thinking
beyond stereotypes understand and respect that freedom.
Freedom is a way of thinking and understanding world around us, and each person
understands it in his or her own way, and of course all of us has an own understanding of it.
And each of us in some cases needs to fight for this freedom.
I am also thinking that freedom is actions of individuals who don’t need to ask themselves
“why?” and just do things they love to do. Freedom is the absence of borders; you can feel
freedom in your mind and freedom around you. Imagine that you are at the mountain peak and
the world is a small point at the bottom. Do you feel freedom surrounding you? I can bear that
you are! That is the real freedom which has a smell of wind and mountains, the skies in front of
you. Birds are free to fly anywhere, and I can say for sure that you can also choose your own
route.
So freedom can be connected with anything, either actions or thoughts and each
person free to express his or her freedom if it doesn’t limit or violates the rights of others.
Freedom is around us, and our understanding of this word is different but always closely
connected with people around us. Freedom to choose, freedom to do, understand, think, get or
any other verb we can insert after the word freedom. It is great to have freedom and a lot of
people are still fighting for their freedom. And I hope they will soon get it in one or another
way. The world without freedom is too cruel to live in, and if I had no freedom, I would
probably be depressed with its absence.
The novel is conceiving. It cannot write due to life experiences of people but honestly
not all the details. For example, you can read the novel is about love, as in you were in the
scene also when reading it.Why we can say that it is different to our time now? In real life you
really need to fulfill whatsoever the things you were facing. The novel, It didn't seem difficult to
solve the problem of with it can easily get an idea, when you compare in real life you needed
time to act properly .The bible is not a novel, because all things written in there was all truth.
We can learn so much things from the bible. It can help us how to deal the problem properly
and also it taught us on how to get closer to our almighty father.
FINAL EXAM
July 22-23, 2021
False 1. Filipino women are known to be submissive, tender and loving. Rizal states in his
letter that Filipino man ought to be a husband in order to preserve the identity of the race.
False 2. All of the priests in Rizal’s time embodied the true sprits Of Christ and his Church.
True 4. The heroism in real life does not require someone to sacrifice his or her life to be
called a bayani.
False 6. There is nothing positive about working hard for the welfare of the family.
True 7. Failure in the home cannot be compensated for by any amount of wealth or fame.
True 8. Rizal points out to unmarried women that they should not be easily taken by
appearances and looks because these can be very deceiving.
False 9. In his letter, Rizal emphasizes on freedom of thought and the right to education, which
must granted to girls women.
False 10. Filipino mothers should be glad and honored like Spartan mothers to offer their sons
and daughters in defense of their country.
False 11. Faith is merely reciting prayers and wearing religious pictures.
True 12. In a position of Rizal’s letter, his ultimate desire was for women to be offered the same
opportunities as those received by men in terms of education.
False 13. Fr. Balaguer’s affidavit contains details that are consistent compare to that of
Moreno’s report.
False 14. It is Chief Inspector Federico Moreno who consistently claimed that he actively
involved in convincing Rizal to retract.
False 16. It is in Moreno’s account that Rizal and Josephine Bracken got married and that the
couple signed a marriage contract.
False 17. Retraction is the act of taking back an offer or statement or admitting that the
previous was true.
True 19. In writing the Noli, Rizal signed his own death warrant.
True 24. The foreword of the El Fili was addressed to Rizal’s beloved countrymen.
False 26. To Rizal, Spain was not a venue for realizing his dreams.
True 27. It is in Spain that Rizal realized that his people needed him.
False 28. Rizal’s novel Noli Me Tangere found as patriotic, harmless to the Spanish government
and religious in all aspects.
True 29. The negative publicity of Noli Me Tangere awakened more the curiosity of the people
to get copies of the book.
True 30. Noli Me Tangere played a crucial role in the political history of the Philippines.
False 32. The plot of the novel revolves around Crisostomo Ibarra, mixed race heir of a
wealthy clan, returning home after seventeen years in Europe.
False 35. Padre Salvi particulary implicate Ibarra in a fake insurrection was Ibarra’s bestfriend.
II. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter with the correct answer. Write the answer on the blanks
provided.
d 1. In meeting with various challenges both in daily and in critical historical moments to
be a bayani he or she must have.
b 3. Millenarian groups which aim to transform the society are often symbolized or
represented by a
d 4. Things that a young women must look for a man she intends to be her husband
a. noble and honored name
b. a manly heart
c. a high spirit incapable of being satisfied with engendering slave
d. all of the above
a 5. “I will fight and offer my life, my small knowledge and science for the liberation of
Motherland.”
c 7. For the , the commemorate the birth and death anniversaries of the twelve
lights, with Rizal’s death as the most important celebration.
GOOD LUCK!!!
Prepared by: