PROJECT CLAID (Contextualized and Localized Activities Intended for Distance Learning)

Name : ___________________Date:____________Score:__________

SCIENCE – 10
Quarter 4 – Week 5
Competency: Apply the principles of conservation of mass to chemical
reactions. (S10MT-IV-g23)
Lesson: Chemical reactions and Types of Chemical Reactions
Objective/s:
1. State and explain the Law of Conservation of Mass by using common chemical
reactions.
2. Identify and describe the different types of chemical reactions.
3. Balance chemical equations.
4. Cite instances wherein chemical reactions are observed.

KEY CONCEPTS
A chemical reaction takes place when two or more chemicals mix and a new
compound is formed. A scientist by the name of Antoine Lavoisier discovered that
matter cannot be created, nor can it be destroyed. He named this the law of
conservation of mass. What this means is that the amount of material remaining
after a reaction takes place must equal the amount that was present before the
reaction. This law is not easily observed in our everyday lives. A chemical change
involves the formation of new materials. The new materials are called the products
and the starting materials are called the reactants. The process that brings about a
chemical change is called a chemical reaction. The chemical reactions are
characterized by several changes, including color changes, the formation of a
precipitate, formation of bubbles or gas, a release of heat and light. Chemical changes
are not usually reverse. Simple examples of everyday reactions include digestion,
combustion, and cooking. Plants apply a chemical reaction called photosynthesis to
convert carbon dioxide and water into food (glucose) and oxygen. It is one of the most
common everyday chemical reactions and one of the most important because this is
how plants produce food for themselves and animals and convert carbon dioxide into
oxygen. The equation for the reaction is:
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Reactants → Products

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Q4 Week No.5 Competency Code: S10MT-IV-g23
Competency: Apply the principle of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.
 How do you know if a certain change takes place involves a chemical reaction? What
indicators/ evidence should be present to consider it a chemical reaction? So let us find out
about this simple but interesting experiment.

ACTIVITY NO.1

Let us EXPLORE: BAKING SODA AND VINEGAR BALOON EXPERIMENT

Materials needed: 1 large balloon, white vinegar, baking soda, a small funnel, and a spoon
TIP: Before starting the experiment, you will stretch out the balloon to make it lose and
easier to inflate.
(Step 1)- Pour 1-2 spoonsful of baking soda into the opening of the balloon, using a funnel.
You will need to shake it a bit to get it down into the base of the balloon. (Step 2)- Use the
funnel again and pour some vinegar into the plastic bottle until it is about an inch or two
deeps. Exact amounts do not matter. (Step 3)- Carefully stretch the opening of the balloon
around the mouth of the bottle leaving it hanging down until you are ready for the
reaction. TIP: Do not let any of the soda dumps into the bottle while attaching it. (Step 4)-
When you are ready to see the chemical reaction happen, lift the balloon allowing the baking
soda to fall into the bottle. NOTE: This should be done outside due to the mess.

Guide questions:
1.Why does baking soda react to vinegar?
2. What is the hypothesis of inflating a balloon with vinegar and baking soda?
3.What is the conclusion of mixing baking soda and vinegar?

LET’S STRENGTHEN
A chemical equation is a chemist's shorthand for a chemical reaction. The
equation distinguishes between the reactants, which are the starting materials,
and the products which are the resulting substances/s. Chemical reactions can be
classified according to the following types:

TYPES OF CHEMICAL DEFINITION EQUATION

REACTION
1.Combination Reactants combine A +B → AB
reaction/Synthesis to form a single
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) —> 2NaCl(s)
reaction product
2.Decompostion Compounds breaks AB → A+B
reaction down into simpler
2H2O(l) —>2 H2(g) + O2(g)
substances
3. Single displacement Occurs when one A +BC→ AC +B
/Single replacement element replaces
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) —> H2(g) +
reaction another one in a
compound Mg (OH)2(aq)

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Q4 Week No.5 Competency Code: S10MT-IV-g23
Competency: Apply the principle of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.
TYPES OF CHEMICAL DEFINITION EQUATION
REACTION
4.Double displacement / Occurs when different atoms AB +CD →AD+ CB
Metathesis reaction in two different compounds Pb (NO3)2 + 2KI —> PbI2 +
trade places 2KNO3
5.Combustion Reaction This is when oxygen combines CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) +
(Burning) with a hydrocarbon to form 2 H2O(g)
water and carbon dioxide
6.Acid -Base reaction This is a special kind of double
or displacement that takes place
Neutralization Reaction when an acid and base react HCl+ NaOH → NaCl+H2O
with each other

ACTVITY 2

Classify the following unbalanced chemical equations according to the six

types of chemical reactions.
A. Combination B. Decomposition
C. Single displacement D. Double displacement
E. Combustion F. Acid -base

1.NaOH +KNO3 → NaNO3 +KOH 2.CH4+ O2 → CO2 + H2O

3.Fe +NaBr → FeBr3 +Na 4. CaSO4 +Mg (OH)2 → Ca (OH)2 + MgSO4
5.NH4OH + HBr → H2O + NH4Br 6.P4 + O2 → P2O5
7.NaNO3 → NaNO2 +O2 8.C18H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
9.H2SO4 + NaOH → NaSO4 +H2O 10. NiSO4 + Li3PO4 → Ni3 (PO4)2 + Li2SO4

KEY CONCEPTS
• For the chemical equation to conform to the Law of Conservation of Mass, it
must be balanced.
• Chemical equations are balanced by placing the appropriate coefficients
before the symbols or formulas of reactants and products.

EXAMPLE: ? HCl + Na2S H2S +? NaCl

Steps to Balancing Chemical Equations

1. Count the number of atoms of each element in the reactants and the
products. List each element and how many atoms it has underneath
the reactants and products.

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Q4 Week No.5 Competency Code: S10MT-IV-g23
Competency: Apply the principle of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.
 Example: HCl + Na2S H2S + NaCl
H–1 H–2
Cl – 1 Cl – 1
Na – 2 Na – 1
S–1 S–1

2.To balance out the atoms add in coefficients.

Example: 2 HCl + Na2S H2S + NaCl
H–1 2 H–2
Cl – 1 2 Cl – 1
Na – 2 Na – 1
S–1 S– 1

3. Make sure that there are equal numbers of atoms for each element on
both sides of the equation.
Example: 2 HCl + Na2S H2S + 2 NaCl
H–1 2 H–2
Cl – 1 2 Cl – 1 2
Na – 2 Na – 1 2
S– 1 S–1
Therefore, the chemical equation is balanced

ACTIVITY 3

Balance the following chemical equations. Supply the correct

coefficient in the reactant/s and product/s to make the chemical equation
correct. Write your solution in the space provided.

1. __ H2 + __ O2 ___ H2O
2. __ Fe + ___NaBr __FeBr3 + __Na
3. __N2 + __O2 + __ H2O __HNO3
4. __C3H8 + __ O2 __ CO2 + __ H2O
5. __Pb (NO3)2 + __KI __ KNO3 + __ PbI2
6. __ NH3 + __ H2SO4 __ (NH4)2 SO4

7. __ NaNO3 __ NaNO2 + O2

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Q4 Week No.5 Competency Code: S10MT-IV-g23
Competency: Apply the principle of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.
REFERENCES AND LINKS:

Acosta, Herma D., et al. Science 10 Learner’s Module. 2015. pp. 400-429.
Libretexts. (2021, February 10). 7.4: How to WRITE Balanced chemical equations.
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Map%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_(Tr
o)/07%3A_Chemical_Reactions/7.04%3A_How_to_Write_Balanced_Chemical_Equations

MEDIA

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Photosynthesis.jpg

ANSWER KEY
Activity 1
1. Baking soda (Sodium bicarbonate) and Vinegar (acetic acid) react to carbon dioxide, water,
and sodium acetate.
2. Gases need a lot of room to spread out and the carbon dioxide starts to fill the bottle and then
moves into the balloon to inflate it.
3. The reaction between baking soda and vinegar occurs in two steps, but the overall process
can be summarized by the following word equation: baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) plus
vinegar (acetic acid) yields carbon dioxide plus water plus sodium ion plus acetate ion. The
chemical equation for the overall reaction is:

NaHCO3 + HC2H3O2 → NaC2H3O2 + H2O + CO2

ACTIVITY 2 ACTVITY 3

1. D 6. A 1. 2 H2 + O 2 2 H2O
2. E 7. B 2. Fe + 3 NaBr FeBr3 + 3Na
3. C 8. E 3. 2 N2 + 5 O2 + 2 H2O 4 HNO3
4. D 9. F 4. C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
5. F 10.D 5. Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KI 2 KNO3 + PbI2
6. 2 NH3 + H2SO4 (NH4)2 SO4
7. 2 NaNO3 2 NaNO2 + O2

Prepared by:

EVA B. DEOCAREZA
Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales
SDO Mandaluyong

Editors:

DIGNA T.BAL MARITES O. NACHOR

Content Layout

Approved:

MRS. ROXANE S. VILLANUEVA

Education Program Supervisor, (Science t)

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Q4 Week No.5 Competency Code: S10MT-IV-g23
Competency: Apply the principle of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.