Tunnels and Shafts in Rock, USACE, EM1110-2-2901, 1997

Concrete Linings for EXTERNAL Hydrostatic Pressure

Chapter 9.4.4, page 9-6

R, Radius of Tunnel [m] : 6.10

t, Lining Thickness [m] : 0.90
p, External Water Head [m] : 215.00
p, External Water Pressure [kPa] : 2150.00
E, Mod. of Elas. of Concrete [MPa] : 23500
I, Area Moment of Inertia [m4] : 0.061 Bundan emin değilim
u0, Out of roundness [m] : 0.30

İf t < R/10
R, Radius of Tunnel [m] : 6.55 (at centerline of tunnel lining)
fc, Stress at Tunnel Lining [MPa] : 15.65 (if the lining is perfectly circular)

pcr, Critical Buckling Pressure [m] : 15.24

fc, Stress at Tunnel Lining [MPa] : 15.87 (if the lining has out-of-roudness)

İf t ≥ R/10
R1, Inner Radius of Tunnel Lining [m] : 6.10
R2, Outer Radius of Tunnel Lining [m] : 7.00
fc, Comp. Stress at Tunnel Lining [MPa] : 17.87 (at the inner surface of tunnel lining)

Concrete Linings for INTERNAL Hydrostatic Pressure

Chapter 9.4.4, page 9-6

R, Radius of Tunnel [m] : 6.10

t, Lining Thickness [m] : 0.90
pr, External Water Head [m] : 215.00
pi, Internal Water Head [m] : 60.00
pr, External Water Pressure [kPa] : 2150.00
pr, Internal Water Pressure [kPa] : 600.00
Ec, Mod. of Elas. of Concrete [MPa] : 23500
νc, Poisson's Ratio of Concrete [-] : 0.20
Er, Mod. of Elas. of Rock [MPa] : 0.884
νr, Poisson's Ratio of Rock [-] : 0.25

Thin Lining Case (t<R/10)

a, Average Radius of Tunnel [m] : 6.55 (at centerline of tunnel lining)
σt, Tangential Stress at Lining [MPa] : -11.2805555556
Kc = (a/t) [(1-νc2)/Ec] [1/MPa] : 0.000297
Δa/a, Rel. radial displacement [-] : -0.000461 (relative radial displacement of concrete assu
Kr = (1+νr)/Er [1/MPa] : 1.414027
Δa/a, Rel. radial displacement [-] : 3.040158 (relative radial displacement of rock interface

360
182.7127
937.7127
fectly circular)

ut-of-roudness)

ce of tunnel lining) 17.85714

placement of concrete assuming plane strain conditions)

placement of rock interface for internal pressure)